Attachment 1 - Surveillance and Broadcast Services Description Document Rev 4.pdf

FAA Surveillance and Broadcast Services Surveillance and Broadcast Services Description Document

SRT-04, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page i

Revision History for

Surveillance and Broadcast Services Description Document SRT-047, Revision 04

Revision # Description Document Date

Rev. 01 CM Baseline Version, DCR-SE-002 October 24, 2011 Rev. 02 Numerous changes to clarify TIS-B and FIS-B uplink behavior November 15, 2013

Rev. 03 Updated to reflect new FIS-B MOPS DO-358 that was approved by RTCA and incorporate service changes since last release.

March 31, 2018

Rev. 04 DCR-PMO-187: Corrected paragraph

3.3.3.2.2.3 to state TIS-B; Fixed link to figure 3-6; Updated reference documents to NAS- RD-2013; Revised Table 3-16 FIS-B products Update and Transmission Intervals; other grammatical edits.

Updated Table 1-4 to include information on the 6 new FIS-B products. Removed the six new products from Table 1-5 “Future” products. Updated Tables 3-15, 3-16, 3-18, C- 3 and C-4 for six new products. Extended Section B.1 to include details on six new products. Added Appendix G with a detailed description for the 6 new FIS-B products.

Added information on the process for deleting older NOTAMs.

Included description of the SBS No Services Aircraft List (NSAL).

Updated METAR and TAF lists.

Incorporated DCR-PMO-187 comment resolutions.

September 20, 2018

SRT-04, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Scope 1

1.1 Summary: Background and Purpose 1

1.2 Subsystem Responsibility List: SBSS and External Interfaces 4

1.2.1 ADS-B Equipped Aircraft in the NAS 5

1.2.1.1 1090ES and UAT Equipages 5

1.2.1.2 Requirements of the Final Rule for ADS-B Equipage 5

1.2.1.3 Dual Technology Link Equipage 5

1.2.2 FAA SDP for Radar Data, ADS-B Target Delivery and Service Monitoring 6

1.2.3 Meteorological and Aeronautical Data Source 6

1.3 SBSS Services Overview 6

1.3.1 ADS-B Surveillance Service 6

1.3.1.1 Air-to-Air ADS-B 7

1.3.1.2 Air-to-Ground ADS-B 7

1.3.2 ADS-R Service 7

1.3.3 TIS-B Service 9

1.3.4 FIS-B Service 10

1.3.4.1 Current FIS-B products 11

1.3.4.2 Growth Options: New FIS-B products 14

1.4 Message Interchange Summary 15

2 Referenced Documents 16

2.1 Government Documents 16

2.2 Non Government Documents 17

3 Air Interface Characteristics: Service Descriptions 19

3.1 General Air Interface Characteristics 19

3.2 Service Identification and Description 19

3.2.1 ADS-B Surveillance Service 22

3.2.2 ADS-R Service 23

3.2.2.1 ADS-R Concept of Operations 23

3.2.2.2 ADS-R Client Identification 23

3.2.2.3 ADS-R Target Identification 23

3.2.2.4 ADS-R in En Route and Terminal Airspace Domains 24

3.2.2.5 ADS-R in Surface Domains 24

3.2.2.6 Transmission of ADS-R Targets Over the Air Interface 25

3.2.2.7 ADS-R Service Status Notification 25

3.2.2.8 ADS-R Same Link Rebroadcast 26

3.2.3 TIS-B Service 27

3.2.3.1 TIS-B Service Concept of Operations 27

3.2.3.2 TIS-B in En Route and Terminal Airspace Domains 28

3.2.3.3 TIS-B in Surface Domains 28

3.2.3.4 Transmission of TIS-B Target Messages 29

3.2.3.5 TIS-B Service Status Notification 29

3.2.3.6 False Tracks and Incorrect Associations 29

SRT-04, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page iii

3.2.4 FIS-B Service 30

3.3 Service Messages and Performance 31

3.3.1 ADS-B Service Messages and Performance 31

3.3.1.1 ADS-B Information Units—Message Content 31

3.3.1.2 ADS-B Quality of Service 35

3.3.2 ADS-R Service Messages and Performance 37

3.3.2.1 ADS-R Information Units—Message Content 37

3.3.2.2 Quality of Service 38

3.3.3 TIS-B Service Messages and Performance 40

3.3.3.1 TIS-B Information Units—Message Content 40

3.3.3.2 TIS-B Quality of Service 45

3.3.4 FIS-B Service Messages and Performance 50

3.3.4.1 FIS-B Information Units—Message Content 51

3.3.4.2 FIS-B Information Units –FIS-B APDU 51

3.3.4.3 FIS-B Information Units –TIS-B/ADS-R Service Status 51

3.3.4.4 FIS-B Quality of Service 52

3.3.5 ADS-B Service 55

3.3.6 ADS-R Service 57

3.3.7 TIS-B Service 58

3.3.8 FIS-B Service 59

3.3.8.1 DO-358 Errata for FIS-B Services 60

3.4 Uplink Interface Design Characteristics Summary 61

3.5 No Services Aircraft List (NSAL) 61

4 Abbreviations and Acronyms 63

Appendix A. Coverage Maps and Radio Stations 65 A.1 Current Coverage 65 A.2 Radio Station Locations 65

Appendix B. FIS-B Quantity of Available Products and Other Aspects 66 B.1 FIS-B Quantity of Available Products 66

B.1.1 SIGMET / Convective SIGMET 66

B.1.2 AIRMET 66

B.1.3 METAR 66

B.1.4 CONUS NEXRAD 66

B.1.5 Regional NEXRAD 66

B.1.6 NOTAM 66

B.1.7 PIREP 66

B.1.8 SUA Status 66

B.1.9 TAF 67

B.1.10 Winds and Temperatures Aloft 67 B.1.11 Icing Forecast 68 B.1.12 Cloud Tops Forecast 68 B.1.13 Turbulence Forecast 68 B.1.14 Lightning 68

B.1.15 G-AIRMET 68

B.1.16 Center Weather Advisory 68

SRT-04, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page iv

Appendix C. FIS-B Tiering Configuration 69 C.1 TIS-B Site ID Field and Data Channel Assignment 69 C.2 Product Parameters for Low/Medium/High Altitude Tier Radios 70 C.3 Product Parameters for Surface Radios 72

Appendix D. Listing of Service Volumes (SV) 73 D.1 En Route SVs 73 D.2 Terminal SVs 73 D.3 Surface SVs 74

Appendix E. METAR Stations 76

Appendix F. TAF Stations 97

Appendix G. FIS-B Products 105 G.1 Background 105

G.1.1 Global Block Representation Products 105 G.1.1.1 General Formatting 105 G.1.1.2 Global Block Frame Formatting 108 G.1.1.3 Turbulence Forecast (Product ID #90 and #91) 115 G.1.1.4 Icing Forecast (Product ID #70 and #71) 121 G.1.1.5 Cloud Tops Forecast (Product ID #84) 126 G.1.1.6 Lightning (Product ID #103) 129

G.1.2 Text with Graphical Overlay FIS-B Products 132 G.1.2.1 General Formatting 132 G.1.2.2 G-AIRMET (Product ID #14) 148 G.1.2.3 Center Weather Advisory (CWA) Product ID #15 154

G.2 Current Report List 155 G.2.1 CRL Header Encoding 157

G.2.1.1 Product ID 157

G.2.1.2 TFR 157

G.2.1.3 Reserved 157 G.2.1.4 O Flag 157 G.2.1.5 L Flag 157 G.2.1.6 Product Range 158 G.2.1.7 LocID 158 G.2.1.8 Number of CRL Items Listed 158

G.2.2 CRL Payload Encoding 158 G.2.2.1 Reserved Bit 158 G.2.2.2 Report Year 158 G.2.2.3 Text 158 G.2.2.4 Graphic 158 G.2.2.5 Report Number 158

Appendix H. Background on the Lightning Uplink Product 160 H.1 Lightning Sources 160 H.2 Lightning Product APDU Header 160

SRT-04, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page v

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1. SBSS and External Interfaces Figure 1-2. ADS-B Service Data Flows Figure 1-3. ADS-R Service Data Flows Figure 1-4. TIS-B Service Data Flows Figure 1-5. FIS-B Service Data Flows Figure 3-1. SBSS and ADS-B Aircraft Interconnectivity Figure 3-2. SBS Service Volumes Figure 3-3. ADS-R Client Proximity Determination Figure 3-4. ADS-R SLR Example at PHL Airport Figure 3-5. TIS-B Client Proximity Determination Figure 3-6. Continuity Region around Airport with Surface SV Figure 3-7. ADS-B Air-to-Air Protocol Stack Figure 3-8. ADS-B Service Air-to-Ground Protocol Stack Figure 3-9. ADS-R Service Protocol Stack Figure 3-10. TIS-B Service Protocol Stack Figure B-1. Locations of U.S Winds/Temperatures Aloft Forecast Locations Figure D-1. En Route Service Volume Boundaries Figure G-1: Run Length Encoding Blocks Showing Constituent Bins Figure G-2: Global Block Numbering Plan Figure G-3: Decomposition Showing Global Block Product Formatting Figure G-4: Block Reference Indicator Byte-Level Format Figure G-5: Product Specific Bits Encoding Type 1 Figure G-6: Product Specific Bits Encoding Type 2 Figure G-7: Global Block Numbering Scheme by Scale Factor Figure G-8: Run Length Encoded Element Byte-Level Format Figure G-9: Empty Element Byte-Level Format Figure G-10: Global Block Forecast Product Timeline Figure G-11: Turbulence Forecast Product Run Length Encoding for Single Byte Runs Figure G-12: Turbulence Forecast Product Run Length Encoding for Two Byte Runs Figure G-13: Example Block Containing Six Runs Figure G-14: Icing Forecast Product Run Encoding Figure G-15: Example Block Containing Six Runs (Decimal values listed in order of

Icing Probability, Icing Severity, SLD) Figure G-16: Cloud Tops Forecast Product Run Length Encoding for Single Byte

Runs Figure G-17: Cloud Tops Product Run Length Encoding for Two Byte Runs Figure G-18: Example Block Containing Six Runs (Cloud Top Height Value Listed as

Decimal) Figure G-19: Lightning Product Run Encoding Figure G-20: Example Block Containing 12 Runs (Polarity: Strike Count as Decimal

Values) Figure G-21: Decomposition Showing TWGO FIS-B Payload Figure G-22: TWGO Header Byte-Level Format Figure G-23: Text Record Byte-Level Format

SRT-04, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page vi

Figure G-24: Graphical Record Byte-Level Format Figure G-25: Record Applicability Byte-Level Format Figure G-26: Extended Range Circular Prism Figure G-27: G-AIRMET Issuance Timeline Figure G-28: Object Qualifier Figure G-29: Decomposition Showing the CRL Figure G-30: CRL Encoding

SRT-04, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page vii

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1 .SBSS Supported and Complementary ADS-B Services Table 1-2. ADS-B Applications, Services, and Functions Table 1-3. ADS-B Equipage Types in the NAS Table 1-4. FIS-B Products Provided by SBSS Table 1-5. Candidate Future FIS-B Products Table 1-6. Message Interchange Summary Table 3-1. Service Volume Boundaries and Airspace Domain Table 3-2. Target Provision to ADS-B-IN Aircraft: Dependence on Equipage Table 3-3. Required ADS-B Out Performance to be an ADS-R Client Table 3-4. Required ADS-B Out Performance for ADS-R Traffic Uplink to Clients Table 3-5. Required ADS-B Out Performance to be a TIS-B Client Table 3-6. 1090ES ADS-B Message ME bit-mapping to SDP ADS-B Report Data

Items Table 3-7. UAT ADS-B Message mapping to SDP ADS-B Report Data Items Table 3-8. FAA SDP ADS-B Report Table 3-9. 1090ES ADS-R Message Types to Encode Upon Receipt of UAT Message

Types Table 3-10. Transmitted 1090 TIS-B Message Types Table 3-11. Payload Composition of 1090ES TIS-B Messages Table 3-12. Payload Composition of UAT TIS-B Messages Table 3-13. Requirements for Track Accuracy Table 3-14. UAT TIS-B/ADS-R Service Status Format Table 3-15. FIS-B Products Supported by SBSS Table 3-16. FIS-B Product Update and Transmit Intervals Table 3-18. FIS-B Service Protocol Stack Table 3-20. 1090 Uplink Interface Requirements Table Table 3-21. UAT Uplink Interface Requirements Table Table C-1. TIS-B Site ID field values Table C-2. FIS-B Data Channel Assignment Table C-3. Product Parameters for Low/Medium/High Altitude Tier Radios Table C-4. Product Parameters for Surface Radios Table D-1. List of Airports Supported by Terminal SVs Table D-2. List of Airports Supported by Surface SVs

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 1 of 160

1 Scope This document discusses the design of the air interface between the Surveillance and Broadcast Services System (SBSS) and ADS-B equipped aircraft.

1.1 Summary: Background and Purpose

The overall purpose of this document is to describe the services provided by the Surveillance and Broadcast Services System (SBSS) over the Air Interface to ADS-B Equipped aircraft. It is oriented primarily to ADS-B avionics manufacturers. It documents the detailed design of the Air Interface to help ensure that vendor offerings of ADS-B avionics are fully compatible with the SBSS, and that they may be designed to take full advantage of the offered services.

In the NAS, there are two applicable ADS-B equipage types:

• 1090 Extended Squitter (1090ES): an extension of Mode-S technology in which 1090ES avionics periodically broadcast short messages at 1090 MHz that provide their identity (24-Bit Address), target state vector (position, velocity) and other aircraft status information.

• Universal Access Transceiver (UAT): a new technology in which UAT avionics periodically broadcast messages at 978 MHz that provide their identity, target state vector and other status information.

Each of the above equipage types may support only ADS-B-OUT services or may be more comprehensive so that they support ADS-B-IN services as well. Table 1-1 introduces the ADS-B- OUT and -IN services that are provided by SBSS to aircraft with the different equipage types. It also describes ADS-B air-to-air surveillance, which is complementary to, but independent of the broadcast services supported by SBSS. Each of these services will be described in further detail in sections 1 and 3 of this document.

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 2 of 160

Table 1-1 .SBSS Supported and Complementary ADS-B Services

Category Service Description

ADS-B-OUT Service (to Air Traffic Control)

ADS-B

Surveillance (Air to Ground)

An SBSS service to FAA Air Traffic Control (ATC) that receives, formats, and forwards the received broadcast information of 1090ES and UAT ADS-B-OUT equipped aircraft

ADS-B-IN Services (to aircraft equipped with ADS-B-IN and ADS-B-

OUT)

ADS-B

Surveillance (Air-to-Air)

An ‘in cockpit’ service to 1090ES/UAT ADS-B-IN equipped aircraft that captures 1090ES/UAT squitters of proximate aircraft (independent of SBSS)

ADS-B

Rebroadcast

(ADS-R)

An SBSS service to the cockpit of 1090ES/UAT ADS-B-IN equipped aircraft that supports ADS-B message translation and rebroadcast of the identity and state vector of proximate aircraft with UAT/1090ES ADS-B equipage. This service also supports Same Link Rebroadcast (SLR) that is utilized in surface service volumes to address structural blockages on near the movement area and multipath interference.

Traffic Information Services - Broadcast (TIS-B)

An SBSS service to the cockpit of 1090 and UAT ADS-B-IN equipped aircraft that broadcasts the state vector of proximate aircraft that are not ADS-B equipped

Flight Information Service – Broadcast (FIS-B)1

An SBSS service to the cockpit of UAT ADS-B-IN equipped aircraft that provides Meteorological and Aeronautical Information

The ADS-B-IN services of ADS-B (air-to-air), ADS-R and TIS-B, meet the requirements in the Aircraft Surveillance Applications Systems MOPS (ASAS MOPS, RTCA/DO-317B) to support a number of flight-deck based aircraft surveillance applications that may directly provide flight crews with surveillance information as well as surveillance-based guidance and alerts.

Surveillance information consists of position and other state data about proximate aircraft, and, when on or near the airport surface, position and other state data about appropriately equipped surface vehicles. Numerous applications have been proposed, and it is expected that additional applications will be developed and standardized. Table 1-2 lists the current applications with the corresponding SBS Service and/or Function that supports the respective applications along with the RTCA reference document(s).

1 FIS-B services could actually be obtained with only an ADS-B IN unit because this service broadcasts data to all receivers within radio line of sight.

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 3 of 160

Table 1-2. ADS-B Applications, Services, and Functions

SBS Services RTCA Reference(s)

ADS-B ADS-R TIS-B FIS-B

Surveillance and Broadcast Services

Enabled Applications ATC Surveillance for Enhanced Air Traffic Services in Radar-Controlled Areas Using ADS-B Surveillance

(ADS-B-RAD)1 X DO-318

ATC Surveillance for ADS-B in Non-Radar-Airspace (NRA) X DO-303

Ground-based Interval Management – Spacing (GIM-S)2 X N/A

Enhanced Traffic Situational Awareness During Flight Operations (ATSA-AIRB) X X X DO-319, DO-317B

Enhanced Visual Separation on Approach (ATSA-VSA) X X X DO-314, DO-317B

Airport Traffic Situation Awareness (ATSA) for Surface (SURF) Operations X X X DO-322, DO-317B

In-Trail Procedure in Oceanic Airspace (ITP) X DO-312, DO-317B

Weather and NAS Situation Awareness X DO-358

Traffic Situation Awareness with Alerts (TSAA)3 X X X DO-317B, DO-348

CDTI-Assisted Visual Separation (CAVS) X X DO-354, DO-317B

Airborne Spacing - Flight-Deck Based Interval Management–Spacing (FIM-S) X X DO-328A, DO-361

Notes:

(1) The FAA ADS-B Out Rule Performance Requirements are only defined to support the ATC Surveillance application including RAD and NRA. Different requirements, which are more or less stringent, may apply to other applications.

(2) Requirements for GIM-S are contained in the SBS Arrival Interval Management – Spacing (IM-S) Operational Capability Specification, dated November 30, 2012.

(3) The FAA Technical Standard Order (TSO) that invokes the DO-317B requirements for TSAA refers to this application as the ADS-B Traffic Awareness System (ATAS).

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 4 of 160

1.2 Subsystem Responsibility List: SBSS and External Interfaces Figure 1-1 illustrates the SBSS in context with interfacing systems. The interfacing systems are as follows:

• ADS-B equipped aircraft in the National Airspace (NAS)

• The Meteorological and Aeronautical Data Source

• FAA service delivery points (SDP) for the pickup of target data (from radar and other sensors)

• FAA SDPs for the delivery of ADS-B target reports and other data that enables the FAA to independently monitor the status of services provides by the SBSS

Radio Station

SBSS

All ADS-B equipped aircraft in the NAS

> 650 Radio Stations

FAA

FAA

Radio Station

Regional Control Stations (12)

Meteorological/ Aeronautical

Data ADS-B Targets

Radar Targets

Communications Network

Air Interface

Air Interface

Figure 1-1. SBSS and External Interfaces

The basic components of the SBSS are also illustrated in Figure 1-1.

These are the following:

• Radio Stations that provide both uplink and downlink coverage over the air interface to all ADS-B equipped aircraft in the NAS

• Regional Control Stations (RCS) that process ADS-B reports, radar/sensor reports and meteorological/aeronautical data for distribution to end users: 12 total; 11 operational + 1 disaster recovery

• A Communications network that provides the connectivity between all data sources (target, meteorological and aeronautical) the data processing Control Stations, and the end users

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 5 of 160

1.2.1 ADS-B Equipped Aircraft in the NAS

1.2.1.1 1090ES and UAT Equipages The FAA ADS-B-OUT rule selected two acceptable ADS-B equipage types with different link technologies as indicated in Table 1-3 below. The requirements for 1090ES ADS-B avionics are specified in Technical Standards Order (TSO)-C166b and RTCA DO-260B MOPS. The requirements for UAT ADS-B avionics are specified in TSO-C154c and RTCA DO-282B MOPS.

Aircraft with the same link technology are interoperable insofar as they ‘see’ each other when equipped with ADS-B-IN. Interoperability between aircraft with different ADS-B link technologies is provided by the SBSS via the ADS-R service or through dual receive capability in the aircraft.

Table 1-3. ADS-B Equipage Types in the NAS

Equipage Type Description Applicability

ADS-B 1090

Extended Squitter (ES)

An extension of Mode-S technology in which 1090ES avionics continuously broadcast short messages at 1090 MHz that provide their identity (24-Bit Address), target state (position, velocity, time-of-applicability) and other aircraft status information.

Aircraft that fly in high altitude airspace;

1090ES equipage has been coordinated with EUROCONTROL and other ANSPs as the globally harmonized interoperable link for ADS-B.

Universal Access Transceiver

(UAT)

A technology in which UAT avionics broadcast messages at 978 MHz that provide their identity, target state and other status information

Mainly designated for GA aircraft that fly below FL180

1.2.1.2 Requirements of the Final Rule for ADS-B Equipage

The compliance date for the ADS-B-OUT FAA rule is January 1, 2020. The final rule requires aircraft flying at and above 18,000 feet MSL (flight level (FL) 180) (Class A airspace) to have ADS–B Out performance capabilities using the 1090 MHz ES broadcast link. The rule also specifies that aircraft flying in the designated airspace below 18,000 feet MSL may use either the 1090 MHz ES or UAT broadcast link.

In accord with the rule, compliant aircraft are only required to be equipped with ADS-B-OUT on a single link technology. However, it is envisioned that, though not required by the current rule, many aircraft would equip with ADS-B-IN as well in order to have access to the in-cockpit services afforded by ADS-B air-to-air service, as well as the SBSS services of ADS-R, TIS-B and FIS-B.

1.2.1.3 Dual Technology Link Equipage

Use of dual-equipage by aircraft exists. While an aircraft may be fully dual equipped with ADS- B-IN and -OUT using both 1090ES and UAT, partial dual equipped configurations have been seen operating in U.S. airspace. For example, an aircraft equipped with 1090 ADS-B-OUT/IN and UAT ADS-B-IN, would be afforded FIS-B Service on the UAT link and, in addition, would be capable of receiving positions broadcast by UAT equipped aircraft in the vicinity without the need for ADS-R. Dual receive capability provides a more optimal traffic picture, particularly in airspace

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 6 of 160 not covered by ADS-B ground infrastructure wherein the aircraft can receive ADS-B direct air to air regardless of the transmit link used by other aircraft.

1.2.2 FAA SDP for Radar Data, ADS-B Target Delivery and Service Monitoring At selected SDPs, SBSS picks up non-ADS-B sensor target data that provides the basis for provision of the TIS-B Service. The sensor target data sources include En route Radars, Terminal Radars, ASDE-X, and MLAT systems. At some of the SDPs, the SBSS provides ADS-B targets to ATC, which uses this surveillance data in support of separation assurance services. Finally, the SBSS sends FAA Monitor SDPs a variety of data products that allow the FAA to independently monitor the performance of SBSS in its provision of ADS-B, ADS-R, TIS-B and FIS-B Services.

1.2.3 Meteorological and Aeronautical Data Source

Harris Weather Data Services (HWDS) provides all FIS-B product data for the SBSS with the exception of NEXRAD. The primary FIS-B Data Source, HWDS’ Melbourne FL facility, is a hardened facility with internal redundancy with a design uptime of well over 0.9999. This is complemented by the backup FIS-B Data Source at HWDS’ Smyrna GA facility. The NEXRAD product is provided through Weather Service International (WSI) via a connection to their Andover MA facility with a backup connection to the WSI Atlanta, GA facility.

1.3 SBSS Services Overview

1.3.1 ADS-B Surveillance Service

The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) service uses transmissions from ADS-B equipped aircraft to provide surveillance information to ground systems for air traffic control, and to other like-equipped aircraft with ADS-B-IN for use in aircraft situational awareness. The high-level data flows for this service are highlighted in Figure 1-2 below. The figure illustrates both the air-to ground and air-to-air ADS-B2.

2 In Figure 1-2 through Figure 1-5, the “Non-Equipped” aircraft refers to the lack of ADS-B equipage. These aircraft do have transponders that reply to secondary radar and/or multilateration interrogations.

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 7 of 160

Figure 1-2. ADS-B Service Data Flows

1.3.1.1 Air-to-Air ADS-B

ADS-B-IN equipped aircraft are capable of receiving ADS-B transmissions from other aircraft equipped with the same link technology. This provides applications on board the aircraft with information about aircraft within range of the radio transmissions. The double arrows between aircraft in the above figure illustrate this transfer of position information between aircraft equipped with the same link technology. Note that air-to-air ADS-B is a complementary service to those provided by SBSS, but SBSS plays no part in air-to-air ADS-B other than to share access to the same RF channel. For aircraft equipped with dual link receive capability, the traffic service for seeing ADS-B Out equipped aircraft is provided directly by air to air without reliance on the SBS ground infrastructure.

1.3.1.2 Air-to-Ground ADS-B

The SBSS infrastructure of radio stations provides the capability of capturing surveillance information transmitted by ADS-B equipped aircraft anywhere in the NAS and providing the information to SBSS control stations. The control stations process received ADS-B reports, perform validity checks, and provide a low-latency feed of surveillance information to designated FAA SDPs for use in separation assurance and other ATC services.

1.3.2 ADS-R Service

Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Rebroadcast (ADS-R) is a service that relays ADS-B information transmitted by an aircraft using one link technology to aircraft within the proximity of active users of an incompatible link technology. The high-level data flows supporting ADS-R are

1090ESUAT

Non-Equipped

ADS-B

Radio Station

Control Station

FIS-B

Provider

FAA

Surveillance of ADS-B equipped aircraft for Air Traffic Control and Aircraft Situational AwarenessSurveillance of ADS-B equipped aircraft for Air Traffic Control and Aircraft Situational Awareness

1090ESUAT

Non-Equipped

ADS-BADS-B

Radio Station Radio

Station

Control Station Control Station

FIS-B

Provider

FIS-B

Provider

FAAFAA

Surveillance of ADS-B equipped aircraft for Air Traffic Control and Aircraft Situational AwarenessSurveillance of ADS-B equipped aircraft for Air Traffic Control and Aircraft Situational Awareness

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 8 of 160 illustrated in Figure 1-3 below. The SBSS control station infrastructure monitors ADS-B transmissions by active ADS-B equipped aircraft and continuously monitors the presence of proximate aircraft with incompatible link technologies (i.e., UAT and 1090ES). When such aircraft are in proximity of each other, the SBSS control station infrastructure instructs ground radio stations within range of both aircraft to rebroadcast surveillance information received on one link frequency to aircraft on the other link frequency. The ADS-R Service currently supports only advisory level surveillance applications.

Figure 1-3. ADS-R Service Data Flows

1090ES

ADS-R

Radio Station

Control Station

FIS-B

Provider

Cross-Linking of ADS-B data for Aircraft Situational AwarenessCross-Linking of ADS-B data for Aircraft Situational Awareness

UAT

1090ES

ADS-RADS-R

Radio Station Radio

Station

Control Station Control Station

FIS-B

Provider

FIS-B

Provider

Cross-Linking of ADS-B data for Aircraft Situational AwarenessCross-Linking of ADS-B data for Aircraft Situational Awareness

UAT

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 9 of 160

1.3.3 TIS-B Service

Traffic Information Service-Broadcast (TIS-B) is a service provided by the SBSS that provides ADS-B equipped aircraft with surveillance information for aircraft that are not ADS-B equipped.

This allows the aircraft to receive surveillance information for aircraft not equipped with ADS-B.

The high-level data flows supporting TIS-B are illustrated in Figure 1-4 below. At FAA SDPs, SBSS receives surveillance information from non-ADS-B surveillance systems, including radar, ASDE-X and multilateration systems. Within SBSS, this non-ADS-B surveillance information from multiple systems is fused with ADS-B and correlated to defined tracks. The SBSS system used this information to transmit TIS-B targets for non-ADS-B-equipped aircraft that are in proximity to active ADS-B-IN users. The TIS-B Service is complementary but orthogonal to the ADS-R service and ADS-B air-to-air such that ADS-B-IN users will see a complete picture of the nearby targets without redundancy. The TIS-B Service supports only advisory level surveillance applications.

Figure 1-4. TIS-B Service Data Flows

TIS-B

Radio Station

Control Station

FIS-B

Provider

Uplink of Surveillance Data of Non-ADSB equipped aircraft for Aircraft Situational AwarenessUplink of Surveillance Data of Non-ADSB equipped aircraft for Aircraft Situational Awareness

TIS-BTIS-B

Radio Station Radio

Station

Control Station Control Station

FIS-B

Provider

FIS-B

Provider

Uplink of Surveillance Data of Non-ADSB equipped aircraft for Aircraft Situational AwarenessUplink of Surveillance Data of Non-ADSB equipped aircraft for Aircraft Situational Awareness

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 10 of 160

1.3.4 FIS-B Service

Flight Information Service-Broadcast (FIS-B) service provides meteorological and aeronautical data to the cockpit. The high-level data flows supporting FIS-B are illustrated in Figure 1-5 below.

The SBSS control station ingests weather and aeronautical data and broadcasts generated sets of products specific to the location of a radio station. These products are broadcast over the UAT link, so pilots have timely information of regional weather and NAS status/changes that might impact flight.

Figure 1-5. FIS-B Service Data Flows

The baseline FIS-B products are described in detail in RTCA DO-358 Sections A.3 and A.4. The newest six products (Icing, Lightning, Cloud Tops, Turbulence, Graphical AIRMETs, and Center Weather Advisories) are described in Appendix G of this document since the RTCA revisions to DO-358 are not yet published. Additional products are also being developed for inclusion in a future release of this document and a subsequent revision to the MOPS.

FIS-B

Radio Station

Control Station

FIS-B

Provider

Uplink of Weather and other Flight Information for UAT Equipped AircraftUplink of Weather and other Flight Information for UAT Equipped Aircraft

FIS-BFIS-B

Radio Station Radio

Station

Control Station Control Station

FIS-B

Provider

FIS-B

Provider

Uplink of Weather and other Flight Information for UAT Equipped AircraftUplink of Weather and other Flight Information for UAT Equipped Aircraft

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 11 of 160

1.3.4.1 Current FIS-B products

This subsection provides an overview of each of the currently-implemented FIS-B products in Table 1-4 below.

Table 1-4. FIS-B Products Provided by SBSS

Product Description

Upstream Data Source

AIRMET Airmen's Meteorological Information (AIRMET) is a weather advisory issued by a meteorological watch office for aircraft that is potentially hazardous to low-level aircraft and/or aircraft with limited capability.

Compared to SIGMETs, AIRMETs cover less severe weather: moderate turbulence and icing, surface winds of 30 knots, or widespread restricted visibility.

NOAAport, FAA AIDAP

SIGMET Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET) is a concise description of the occurrence or expected occurrence of specified En Route weather phenomena which may affect the safety of aircraft operations. SIGMETs are intended for dissemination to all pilots in flight to enhance safety. SIGMETs will be issued by the responsible MWO as soon as practical to give notice to operators and aircrews of potentially hazardous en-route conditions.

NOAAport, FAA AIDAP

Convective

SIGMET

A Convective SIGMET will be issued when the following conditions are occurring or, in the judgment of the forecaster, are expected to occur:

a. A line of thunderstorms at least 60 miles long with thunderstorms affecting at least 40 percent of its length.

b. An area of active thunderstorms affecting at least 3,000 square miles covering at least 40 percent of the area concerned and exhibiting a very strong radar reflectivity intensity or a significant satellite or lightning signature.

c. Embedded or severe thunderstorm(s) expected to occur for more than 30 minutes during the valid period regardless of the size of the area.

NOAAport, FAA AIDAP

METAR METAR (aviation routine weather report) is a format for reporting weather information. METARs are predominantly used by pilots in fulfillment of a part of a pre-flight weather briefing. METARs typically come from airports or permanent weather observation stations.

NOAAport, FAA AIDAP

CONUS

NEXRAD

Next-Generation Radar (NEXRAD) is a nationwide network of high-resolution Doppler weather radars, which detect precipitation and atmospheric movement or wind. It returns data which when processed can be displayed in a mosaic map which shows patterns of precipitation and its movement. The “CONUS NEXRAD” FIS-B product is a summary composite of available NEXRAD radar imagery across the 48 states.

Single site NEXRAD Level 3 radar retrieved from NOAAport, the Radar Product Central Collection Dissemination

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 12 of 160

Product Description

Upstream Data Source

Regional

NEXRAD

Next-Generation Radar (NEXRAD) is a nationwide network of high-resolution Doppler weather radars, which detect precipitation and atmospheric movement or wind. It returns data which when processed can be displayed in a mosaic map which shows patterns of precipitation and its movement. The “Regional NEXRAD” FIS-B product is a composite of available NEXRAD radar imagery in a local area, showing a more detailed image than the “CONUS NEXRAD” product.

Service (RPCCDS), and the NWS FTP.

NOTAM Notice To Airmen (NOTAM) is created and transmitted by government agencies under guidelines specified by Annex 15: Aeronautical Information Services of the Convention on International Civil Aviation.

A NOTAM is filed with an aviation authority to alert aircraft pilots of any hazards En Route or at a specific location. The FIS-B NOTAM product consists of NOTAM-Ds and NOTAM-FDCs (including TFRs).

NOTAMS also include Special Use Airspace (SUA) status information.

Text: FAA AIDAP, Graphic:

NAIMES NIWS,

TFRs:

www.tfr.faa.gov

PIREP Pilot Report (PIREP) is a report of actual weather conditions encountered by an aircraft in flight. This information is usually radioed by a flight crew to the nearest Flight Service Station (FSS). The PIREP is then encoded and made available to other weather offices and air traffic service units.

NOAAport, FAA AIDAP

SUA Status Special Use Airspace (SUA) is an area designated for operations of a nature such that limitations may be imposed on aircraft not participating in those operations. Often these operations are of a military nature. The designation of SUAs identifies for other users the areas where such activity occurs, provides for segregation of that activity from other users, and allows charting to keep airspace users informed of potential hazards. SUAs are usually depicted on aeronautical charts.

NAIMES

TAF Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) is a format for reporting aviation weather forecast information. Generally, a TAF is a 9- or 12-hour forecast, though some TAFs can cover an 18- or 24-hour period. TAFs complement and use similar encoding to METAR reports. They are produced by a human forecaster based on the ground. For this reason, there are fewer TAF locations than there are METARs. TAFs can be more accurate than Numerical Weather Forecasts, since they consider local, small-scale, geographic effects.

NOAAport, FAA AIDAP

Winds and Temperatures Aloft

Winds and Temperature Aloft Forecast is forecast for specific atmospheric conditions in terms of wind and temperature in a specific altitude measured mostly in feet (ft) above mean sea level (MSL). The forecast is specifically used for aviation purposes.

NOAAport, FAA AIDAP

Icing Forecast The Icing Forecast product provides icing forecast data for icing severity, icing probability, and the potential of the presence of Supercooled Large Droplet (SLD) formation at twelve discrete altitude levels throughout the CONUS. This product is not available from radio stations in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, or Puerto Rico.

NWS Forecast Icing Potential (FIP) products 217, 233 & 234

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 13 of 160

Product Description

Upstream Data Source

Cloud Tops Forecast

The Cloud Tops Forecast product provides cloud top data representing a 1-hour forecast of the altitude of cloud tops across the CONUS. The encoded cloud top data represents the height of the cloud top in feet.

This product is not provided from radio stations in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, or Puerto Rico.

NWS High Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model

Turbulence Forecast

The Turbulence Forecast product provides turbulence data representing a 1-hour forecast of turbulence energy at twelve discrete altitude levels throughout the CONUS. This forecast includes both a Mountain Wave and Clear Air Turbulence product. This product is not provided in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, or Puerto Rico.

NWS Graphical Turbulence Guidance (GTG) product

Lightning The Lightning product provides a graphical representation of the observed lightning strike density and polarity across the CONUS every five minutes. This product is not provided from radio stations in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, or Puerto Rico

Vaisala lightning product

G-AIRMET The G-AIRMET product provides a graphical summary of weather that may be hazardous to aircraft but are less severe than SIGMETs. The text AIRMET, described above, contains the same basic set of information as the G-AIRMET. However, the G-AIRMET product has greater spatial and temporal resolution than the text AIRMET. The G- AIRMET product provided by FIS-B only provides a graphical record.

The graphical record contains a sufficient set of metadata such that a textual component is not necessary.

Aviation Weather Center

Center Weather Advisory

The Center Weather Advisory (CWA) product provides unscheduled aviation weather warnings for conditions meeting or approaching in-flight advisory criteria. CWA products are generated by the responsible Center Weather Service Units (CWSUs) for events that are expected to occur within two hours and either have not been previously forecast by the Aviation Weather Center (AWC) or are useful in supplementing a previously issued AWC product.

Aviation Weather Center

TIS-B/ADS-R

Service Status

TIS-B Service Status provides users with a near real-time indication of the availability of TIS-B and ADS-R Service in their immediate operating area. The SBSS determines to which aircraft/vehicle the TIS- B and ADS-R service will be made available and transfers this data to the FIS-B Service, which formats and transmits the data in UAT Ground Uplink Messages.

Derived by SBSS TIS-B and ADS-R services

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 14 of 160

1.3.4.2 Growth Options: New FIS-B products

This subsection provides an overview of candidate FIS-B products in Table 1-5 below that may be provided by SBSS in the future.

Table 1-5. Candidate Future FIS-B Products

Product Description

Temporary Restricted Area

(TRA)

Special use airspace that is established on a temporary basis to accommodate hazardous activities associated with military exercises. This airspace is governed by the same rules as Restricted Areas (RA). It is established for a period of time normally less than an en route charting cycle (56 days). A TRA is issued as a textual Domestic NOTAM. While TRAs have a defined fixed geography, the geographical coordinates are not part of the textual NOTAM but they are listed in the NOTAM Publication. The TRA NOTAM identifies the days and times when it is active. TRAs are NOT Charted which differs from RAs.

Temporary Military Operations Area (TMOA)

Special use airspace that is established on a temporary basis to accommodate the military's need for additional airspace to periodically conduct exercises that supplement routine training. When existing airspace is inadequate to accommodate these short-term military exercises, temporary MOAs may be established for a period not to exceed 45 days. While TMOAs have a defined fixed geography, the geographical coordinates are not part of the NOTAM but they are contained in the NOTAM Publication. When active, this airspace is governed by the same rules as Military Operations Areas (MOAs). TMOAs are NOT charted which differs from MOAs that are depicted on aeronautical charts.

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 15 of 160

1.4 Message Interchange Summary

Table 1-6. Message Interchange Summary

Applicable Service Report Type Format Providing System

Receiving System

ADS-B Surveillance ADS-B 1090ES Squitters DO-260B MOPS 1090ES Avionics

SBSS and

1090ES

Avionics

ADS-B UAT Transmissions DO-282B MOPS UAT Avionics

SBSS and UAT Avionics

ADS-R Broadcast ADS-R 1090ES Squitters DO-260B MOPS SBSS 1090ES Avionics

ADS-R UAT Transmissions DO-282B MOPS SBSS UAT Avionics

TIS-B Broadcast TIS-B 1090ES Squitters DO-260B MOPS SBSS 1090ES Avionics

TIS-B UAT Transmissions DO-282B MOPS SBSS UAT Avionics

FIS-B FIS-B Data Products DO-282B MOPS, DO-358 MOPS, SBSS UAT Avionics

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 16 of 160

2 Referenced Documents The documents listed in this section can be referenced to give further details on the material provided in this document.

2.1 Government Documents

Externally Referenced Documentation

Organization Document Number Title Date

FAA NAS-IR-82530001 Surveillance and Broadcast Services (SBS) Service Delivery Point (SDP) Interface Requirements Document (IRD) – Version 3.10

April 29, 2016

FAA FAA-E-3011 Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADS-B) / ADS-B Rebroadcast (ADS-R) Critical Services Specification, Version 3.2

May 6, 2016

FAA FAA-E-3006 Traffic Information Service – Broadcast (TIS-B) / Flight Information Service – Broadcast (FIS-B) Essential Services Specification, Version 3.3

April 29, 2016

FAA FAA-STD-25F U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Standard, Preparation of Interface Documentation

December 30, FAA FAA-STD-039C U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Standard Practice, National Airspace System (NAS) Open System Architecture and Protocols

August 14, FAA NAS-RD-2013 National Airspace System System Requirements Specification

August 11, FAA TAF2007-2025 Terminal Area Forecast Summary 2007

FAA/DOT TSO-C166b Technical Standards Order - Extended Squitter Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) and Traffic Information Service - Broadcast (TIS-B) Equipment Operating on the Radio Frequency of 1090 Megahertz (MHz)

December 2, FAA/DOT TSO-C154c Technical Standards Order - Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) Equipment Operating on Frequency of 978 MHz

December 2, FAA/DOT TSO-C195b Avionics Supporting Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Aircraft Surveillance Applications (ASA)

Feb 29, 2012

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 17 of 160

Externally Referenced Documentation

Organization Document Number Title Date

FAA SBS-006-06-20120626 National Airspace System Surveillance and Broadcast Services Concept of Operations

(SBS CONOPS)

June 26, 2012

FAA/NWS AC 00-45G Change 1 Aviation Weather Services July 29, 2010

FAA AC 20-165B Airworthiness Approval of Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast OUT Systems

December 17, FAA AC 20-172B Airworthiness Approval for ADS-B In Systems and Applications

May 20, 2015

FAA AC 90-114A, Change 1 Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast Operations with Change 1

March 7, 2016

Copies of FAA specifications, standards, and publications may be obtained from The National Airspace System (NAS) Documentation Control Center (DCC). Federal Aviation Administration ACM-20-NAS Documentation Control Center 800 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20591 or http://www.faa.gov/ . Requests shall clearly identify the desired material by number and date and state the intended use of the material.

2.2 Non-Government Documents

Externally Referenced Documentation

Organization Document Number Title Date

RTCA DO-260B 1090 ADS-B MOPS

Plus Corrigendum 1

December 2, 2009 December 13, 2011

RTCA DO-282B UAT ADS-B MOPS

Plus Corrigendum 1

December 2, 2009 December 13, 2011

RTCA DO-317B ASA and MOPS June 17, 2014

RTCA DO-358 Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for Flight Information Services Broadcast (FIS-B) with Universal Access Transceiver (UAT)

March 24, 2015

RTCA DO-338 Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards (MASPS) for ADS-B Traffic Surveillance Systems and Applications (ATSSA)

June 13, 2012

RTCA DO-278A Guidelines for CNS/ATM Systems Software Integrity Assurance

December 13, 2011 http://www.faa.gov/

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 18 of 160

Externally Referenced Documentation

Organization Document Number Title Date

RTCA DO-318 Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for Enhanced Air Traffic Services in Radar-Controlled Areas Using ADS-B Surveillance

(ADS-B-RAD)

Sept 9, 2009

RTCA DO-303 Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for the ADS-B Non-Radar-Airspace (NRA) Application

Dec 13, 2006

RTCA DO-319 Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for Enhanced Traffic Situational Awareness During Flight Operations (ATSA-AIRB)

March 17, 2010

RTCA DO-314 Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for Enhanced Visual Separation on Approach (ATSA-

VSA)

Dec 16, 2008

RTCA DO-322 Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for ATSA-SURF Application

Dec 8, 2010

RTCA DO-312

Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for the In-Trail Procedure in Oceanic Airspace (ATSA-ITP) Application

June 19, 2008

RTCA DO-312 Supplement Supplement to DO-312 ATSA-ITP SPR March 21, 2012

RTCA DO-328A Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for Airborne Spacing – Flight Deck Interval Management

(ASPA-FIM)

September 22, 2015

RTCA DO-348 Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for Traffic Situation Awareness with Alerts (TSAA)

March 18, 2014

RTCA DO-354 Safety and Performance Requirements Document for CDTI Assisted Visual Separation (CAVS)

June 17, 2014

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 19 of 160

3 Air Interface Characteristics: Service Descriptions

3.1 General Air Interface Characteristics

This section provides the characteristics of the air interface between the SBSS and ADS-B equipped aircraft that defines the proper connectivity to support the offered services. A high-level end-to-end picture is provided in Figure 3-1 below that highlights the SBSS and ADS-B equipped aircraft end systems, and the message transfer that takes place between them over the air interface.

An aircraft or vehicle that is ADS-B-OUT and ADS-B-IN is considered to be an ADS-B Client since they can receive ADS-B messages from ADS-B Targets on the same link air-to-air as well as receive ADS-B data from the SBSS on that link.

Figure 3-1. SBSS and ADS-B Aircraft Interconnectivity

3.2 Service Identification and Description

This subsection provides a complete description of each of the SBSS-provided ADS-B service from a user perspective.

As an introduction to the service descriptions, it is important to explain the concept of a Service Volume. A Service Volume (SV) is a defined volume of airspace in the NAS within which a set of ADS-B Services are provided and the required performance for the set of services is achieved.

A key SV attribute is its airspace domain. SVs in three different domains are defined in SBSS and

Surveillance Transmit

Processing

ADS-B

Transmit

Subsystem

Navigation Sensors

Barometric Altitude, etc.

Pilot Input

FMS, etc.

Proximity ADS-B Equipped Aircraft

ADS-B Messages

Surveillance Data

SBSS

TIS-B Service

ADS-R Service

Meteorological/ Aeronautical Data

FAA ATC

FIS-B Service

ADS-B Service

Air Interface

Surveillance & Information

Report Processing

Navigation Sensors Barometric

Altitude, etc.

TCAS, FMS,

etc.

Client ADS-B Equipped Aircraft

ADS-B

Transceiver

ADS-B/ADS-R/

TIS-B/FIS-B Reports

C D T I

Flight Crew

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 20 of 160 described in Table 3-1 and Table 3-2 below. As indicated, each SV has horizontal boundaries, as well as a ceiling and floor, between which, a specific ADS-B service or set of services is provided by the SBSS. All traffic above a ceiling is filtered out of the respective SBS service, whereas aircraft in En-route and Terminal domains are provided service to the lowest available coverage until an aircraft/vehicle reports that it is “on the surface”. FIS-B data is available at altitudes above the ceiling of FL240, but it there may be cross radio channel interference at higher altitudes.

Appendix D shows all En Route, Terminal and Surface SVs planned for implementation.

Table 3-1. Service Volume Boundaries and Airspace Domain

Domain Horizontal Boundaries Ceiling Floor

En Route En Route domain SVs are polygon shapes with vertices that define the SV boundaries – defined En Route SVs are in accord with division of airspace among En Route centers.

ADS-B:FL600

ADS-R:FL240

TIS-B: FL240

FIS-B: FL240 (see note)

Defined by specified set of En Route and Terminal radars that support surveillance in the defined En Route

SV

Terminal Terminal domain SVs are cylindrical in shape with a size defined by the SV radius (60 NM) relative to the fixed center point defining the SV

ADS-B:FL600

ADS-R:FL240

TIS-B: FL240

FIS-B: FL240 (see note)

Defined by specified set of Terminal radars that support surveillance in the defined Terminal SV.

Surface Surface Domain SVs are cylindrical in shape with a size defined by the SV radius relative to the fixed center point defining the SV

ADS-B: 200 feet AGL over the movement area and up to 2000 feet AGL over all approach/departure corridors out to five NM from the runway thresholds.

ADS-R, TIS-B, FIS-B: 2000 feet AGL over the movement area of the airport and all approach / departure corridors out to five NM from the runway thresholds.

Defined as the movement area of the airport surface

Note: While the required ceiling for FIS-B is FL240, it is expected that users can utilize the FIS- B service above that altitude. Some FIS-B products will only include data up to or near FL240 (e.g. Winds and Temps Aloft will extend up to FL390). In the present design, approximately 90% of the area of implemented SVs would have FIS-B coverage at FL400.

SRT-047, Rev. 04 – September 20, 2018 Page 21 of 160

Figure 3-2. SBS Service Volumes

Another important concept to introduce is that while ADS-B air-to-air, ADS-R and TIS-B are separate and distinct services, all three are required to provide a complete picture of traffic situational awareness to the cockpit that contains all proximity aircraft regardless of their ADS-B- IN link the aircraft utilizes. Given the two types and ADS-B equipage, as well as different link versions (as defined in DO-260B and DO-282B), this is a complex task as illustrated in Table 3-2 below that shows which of the above services provides a proximity target to an ADS-B-IN client.

This table is applicable in SVs where both ADS-R and TIS-B services are provided.

Table 3-2. Target Provision to ADS-B-IN Aircraft: Dependence on Equipage

Client Aircraft

Equipage

Proximity Target Aircraft Equipage

Non ADS-B Radar (Mode

C/Mode S)

1090ES

(Version 0, Version 1)

1090ES

(Version 2)

UAT

(Version 1)

UAT

(Version 2)

UAT

(Version 2)

TIS-B Service TIS-B Service…