Att 6-Minimizing Phytophthora Contamination.pdf

MINIMIZING PHYTOPHTHORA CONTAMINATION

Madonna Creek Ranch Remediation Project

Guidelines for Minimizing Phytophthora Contamination

GUIDELINES FOR MINIMIZING PHYTOPHTHORA CONTAMINATION

AT MIDPENINSULA REGIONAL OPEN SPACE DISTRICT PRESERVES

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. The intent of these guidelines is to minimize the contamination of Phytophthora, a soil pathogen that kills plants.

B. Remember to Arrive Clean and Leave Clean. The best way to prevent the spread of Phytophthora is to leave soil at its original location in the field. Equipment and footwear shall be clean and sanitized before entering a site and before leaving a site.

C. All Contractors working in a District preserve shall follow these guidelines.

D. Consult District staff (Amanda Mills, amills@openspace.org or x558, or Coty

Sifuentes-Winter, csifuentes@openspace.org or x560) for clarifications.

1.2 RELATED SECTIONS

A. Section 01 50 50 – Erosion Control B. Section 02 41 13 – Demolition C. Section 31 10 00 – Site Clearing D. Section 31 20 00 – Earth Moving E. Section 31 23 16 – Structural Excavation / Earthwork F. Section 31 23 23 – Structural Fill G. Section 32 92 19 – Seeding

1.3 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. CalPhytos.org. “Guidelines to minimize Phytophthora Pathogens in Restoration Nurseries”. Suddenoakdeath.org. http://www.suddenoakdeath.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Restoration.Nsy_.Guidelines.final_.092216.pdf

B. Kurowki, Chet. “Control Pathogen Spread through use of Disinfectants”.

Calseed.org. http://www.calseed.org/documents/Disinfectants%2004-22- 14a.pdf

C. Cornell University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee “Cleaning and sanitizing equipment used in the transport of animals.”

https://ras.research.cornell.edu/care/documents/ACUPs/ACUP532.pdf

D. http://agriculture.mo.gov/animals/pdf/animalag_guide4.pdf

1.4 DEFINITIONS

A. BMP’s: in the context of phytosanitation, BMP’s refer to any sanitation kit, station, or device used to prevent the spread of soil-borne pathogens.

B. Clean: remove soil and organic debris from tools, footwear, clothing, equipment, machinery, vehicles or any other device used to complete the construction activity.

Attachment D6 mailto:amills@openspace.org mailto:csifuentes@openspace.org http://www.suddenoakdeath.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Restoration.Nsy_.Guidelines.final_.092216.pdf http://www.suddenoakdeath.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Restoration.Nsy_.Guidelines.final_.092216.pdf http://www.calseed.org/documents/Disinfectants%2004-22-14a.pdf http://www.calseed.org/documents/Disinfectants%2004-22-14a.pdf https://ras.research.cornell.edu/care/documents/ACUPs/ACUP532.pdf http://agriculture.mo.gov/animals/pdf/animalag_guide4.pdf

C. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Close-toed shoes, apron or coveralls, protective eyewear, 14 mil. chemical resistant gloves (not leather or cloth).

D. Phytosanitation: the control of plant pests and diseases.

E. Phytophthora (Fie-tof-thor-uh): a group of water molds that infect plants, including P. ramorm (Sudden Oak Death), P. infestans (potato blight / Irish potato famine), and P. tentaculata (nursery root rot).

F. Sanitize: the action of using an approved agent such as alcohol or chlorine bleach to disinfect.

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Refer to Article 4 Contractor’s Performance of the Work, Section 4.16 Submittals for additional requirements.

B. Contractor shall submit manufacturer’s literature and MSDS for all products used.

C. Phytosanitation Plan and Procedure, including Sanitation Log.

D. Photographic evidence of all sanitation activities.

1.6 WORK SCHEDULE

A. Contractor shall delineate the phytosanitation BMP’s in the project schedule.

B. Contractor shall have all on-site BMP’s in place at least 3 days prior to the start of work.

C. Contractor shall actively use and maintain all on-site BMP’s during the life of the project.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 GENERAL

A. All disinfectants are considered pesticides; it is the Contractor’s sole responsibility to comply with all applicable PPE required by the State of California.

B. All products shall be in conformance with the Specifications listed below. Any changes to products to be used shall be approved, in writing, prior to job site delivery.

2.2 DISINFECTANTS

A. The disinfectants listed herein are recommended by standard phytosanitary guidelines.

B. Other disinfecting agents or methods, such as Lysol or heat treatments, must be reviewed and approved by the District Representative before use.

C. Disinfectants are most effective when surfaces are clean of soil and user follows label instructions.

Disinfecting Agent Active ingredient Contact time Product shelf life

Proper Disposal

Health Risk PPE

Granular Chlorine Bleach (Leslies Chlor Brite, EZ Chlor)

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate

2 min Long if undiluted

Neutralizer (Vita-D- Chlor)

High

Eyewear, gloves;

do not inhale

Liquid Bleach (Clorox)*

Sodium chloride 2 min 3-5 months

TBD High Eyewear, gloves;

do not inhale

Rubbing Alcohol

Ethanol or Isopropyl Alcohol

1 min Long TBD Med Eyewear, gloves;

flammable

Quaternary ammonium compounds (Quat 128 or Physan 20)

Dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride

10 min Long if undiluted

TBD Med Eyewear, gloves;

toxic to fish

Table 1: List of approved disinfecting agents. Always follow chemical label instructions.

*Liquid bleaches are generally not recommended as a disinfectant because they lose potency in storage.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL STEPS

A. Anything that comes into contact with soil, water or plants must be sanitized.

This includes tools, footwear, equipment, wheeled equipment and vehicles.

B. Sanitation activities must occur prior to any equipment, personnel or materials entering the site, and prior to any equipment, personnel or materials leaving the site. The longer something can remain on-site, the less re-sanitiation is required.

3.2 CLEANING AT THE FIELD OFFICE

A. Clean equipment, tools and footwear before arriving to the project site.

B. Remove soil from equipment, clothing, footwear using stiff / hard-bristled scrub brush and scrapers.

1. Scrape, brush, and wash off any soil or organic material. Take care to remove soil trapped in treads or cracks.

2. Pathogens can survive inside soil clods even after soaking because disinfectants may not completely penetrate large or clayey masses.

Therefore, it is important to remove large clods of soil before soaking or otherwise treating with disinfectants.

C. Disinfecting tools:

1. Several disinfecting agents are available for treating Phytophthoras, as outlined above. When many tools need treatment, use granular chlorine bleach at the field office. Spraying with rubbing alcohol is more appropriate for spot treatment at remote field locations.

2. Never mix different disinfecting agents.

3. Always follow label directions.

4. Follow all requirements for PPE when using disinfecting agents.

5. Before using the disinfectant, remove loose soil as described herein.

6. Fill waterproof container with 10 gallons of water. Use label instructions to add the right amount of disinfecting agent. For granular bleach, use one teaspoon in 10 gallons to get the desired 0.525% dilution.

7. Dunk tools in solution for required soaking time (see Table 1).

8. If you used chlorine bleach as a disinfectant, it needs to be neutralized after soaking. This ‘rinse cycle’ will deactivate the bleach so it does not corrode metal and so that it is safer to dispose of the soak water.

Equipment sprayed with alcohol does not require this neutralization step.

9. Let tools dry. The hose lay is great for drying tarps.

D. Disinfecting wheeled equipment / vehicles:

1. Anything with wheels, including wheel barrels, ATV’s, motorized carts, dollies, cranes, or tractors that will be used at the field site needs to be cleaned.

2. Scrub down either by hand scrubbing or using a pressure spray wash to remove all soil and debris.

3. Sanitize.

4. Let dry.

E. Record all sanitation activities in the Sanitation Log and with photographic documentation.

3.3 TRANSPORTING

A. Cleaned equipment shall be transported in a truck bed from which all soil has been washed out, or cleaned equipment may be wrapped in a clean tarp before placed in a dirty truck.

3.4 CLEANING ON-SITE

A. Portable Sanitation Kits generally should include tarps, boot brush with scraper, 2 spray bottles of 70% isopropyl alcohol, 2 long-handled brushes, 2 paint scrapers, Sanitation Log, instructions / care / safety procedures. Basin and 2 jugs of water may also be included.

1. Using the items in the kit, set up a cleaning area. Paved parking lot or surface near the site entrance is preferred.

2. Lay out 2 tarps, 1 labeled ‘clean’, and 1 labeled ‘dirty’.

3. Remove any off-site soil, plant material, and debris on the ‘dirty’ tarp. Do not use water unless absolutely necessary.

4. Standing on the ‘clean’ tarp, sanitize using alcohol and water. Apply from top-down to avoid re-contamination.

5. Allow alcohol to evaporate (approximately 1 min.)

6. Footbath alternatives such as sponge mats, footbath mats, or chemical strips will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.

7. Bleach alternatives are currently not recommended in the field, unless sanitizing a large volume of tools / equipment, because they require special processes for safety and disposal. They will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.

B. Personnel clothing / footwear / tools

1. Anything not sanitized at the field office must be cleaned and sanitized prior to entering the site.

2. If footwear can remain on-site for the life of the project, it only needs to be re-sanitized when it leaves the site.

C. Record all sanitation activities in the Sanitation Log and with photographic documentation.

3.5 COMPLIANCE

A. It is the Contractor’s sole responsibility to comply with all pathogen prevention BMP’s applicable to the project location. The Contractor will be required to monitor and report compliance as described herein in order to submit for progress payments.

B. It is the District Representative’s responsibility to review and approve of all pathogen prevention methods and sanitation activities. The District Representative for pathogen prevention includes SFPUC personnel, project biologist, or other regulatory permitting agents.

3.6 REPORTING

A. Contractor shall maintain a sanitation log that tracks where, when, and how equipment, personnel, and materials are cleaned prior to entering the site and prior to leaving the site.

B. Contractor shall submit photographic evidence of all off-site sanitation activities for equipment or tools prior to entering the site.

3.7 INSPECTIONS

A. All on-site BMP’s shall be inspected, in place, and approved by District Representative prior to the start of work.

B. Random inspections will be performed by District Representative to ensure compliance with these guidelines.

C. Sanitation Log will be inspected monthly prior to approval of progress payments.

D. All vehicles entering the site shall be inspected by District Representative, project Biologist, and/or SFPUC personnel prior to gaining access. The District

Representative has the authority to prevent equipment, personnel, or materials from entering the site if they do not comply with the Contract Documents at no additional cost to the District.

3.8 CLEAN UP

A. Off-site clean up shall comply with applicable jurisdictional requirements.

B. On-site clean up shall include the following:

1. Off-site soil generated through the process shall be bagged, off-hauled, and disposed of off-site in a legal manner.

2. On-site soil generated through the process shall be replaced on site in a location and manner consistent with existing drainage patterns, site characteristics, and permit conditions.

3. Water used through the process must be free of debris and dirt, and can be poured over an impervious, low-traffic surface such as a parking lot or road, to be UV sterilized. Water dumping shall comply with applicable permit conditions; water shall not be dumped directly into a drainage system, permeable surface, or water body.

4. Disinfect the sanitation kit, gloves, tarps, or other miscellaneous items that have come into contact with soil.

END OF SECTION