Appendix 1 - 2024 Sampling Schedule.pdf

ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING, ANALYSIS, AND

MONITORING (ESAM)

PLAN FOR DRINKING WATER

HOLLOMAN AIR FORCE BASE, NEW MEXICO

Prepared by:

SSgt Keymyn Hughes

Distribution authorized to U.S. Government and their contractors; Administrative or Operational Use

Solicitation #FA480125Q0002

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Table of Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

1.2 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

1.2.1 PRIMARY AND CONTINGENCY SOURCES

1.2.2 RAW WATER TRANSMISSION

1.2.3 TREATMENT

2.0 MONITORING

2.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.2 BACTERIOLOGICAL

2.3 FLUORIDE

2.4 INORGANICS

2.5 ORGANICS

2.6 NITRATES/NITRITES

2.7 LEAD AND COPPER

2.8 ASBESTOS

2.9 RADIONUCLIDES

2.10 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS (DBP)

2.11 AIR FORCE-UNIQUE DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE

REQUIREMENTS

2.11.1 BACTERIOLOGICAL

2.11.2 LEAD IN CDC AND SCHOOL AGE PROGRAMS

2.11.3 PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE (PFOS) AND

PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID (PFOA)

3.0 ANALYTICAL METHODS

3.1 BACTERIOLOGICAL

3.2 INORGANICS (INCLUDING FLUORIDE, NITRATES,

AND ASBESTOS)

3.3 ORGANICS

3.4 LEAD AND COPPER

3.5 RADIONUCLIDES

3.6 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS/TTHM AND HAA5

3.7 LABORATORY USED FOR COMPLIANCE ANALYSES

4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC)

4.1 BACTERIOLOGICAL

4.2 CHEMICAL

4.2.1 INORGANICS

4.2.1.1 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PHYSICAL

AND CHEMICAL

4.2.1.2 NITRATES/NITRITES

4.2.1.3 ASBESTOS

4.2.2 ORGANICS

4.2.2.1 VOLATILE ORGANICS

4.2.3 LEAD AND COPPER

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4.2.4 DISINFECTION BY PRODUCTS

4.2.4.1 TOTAL TRIHALOMETHANES

4.2.4.2 HALOACETIC ACIDS

4.3 RADIOLOGICAL

4.4 ADDITIONAL LEAD SAMPLING AT CDCS, YOUTH

CENTERS AND PRESCHOOLS

5.0 VIOLATIONS TO MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS

5.1 BACTERIOLOGICAL

5.2 INORGANICS

5.3 NITRATES/NITRITES

5.4 ORGANICS

5.5 LEAD AND COPPER

5.6 RADIONUCLIDES

5.7 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS

5.8 LEAD AND COPPER AT CDCS AND YOUTH CENTERS

6.0 DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM PROCEDURES

6.1 ROUTINE MONITORING OF THE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

6.2 MONITORING OF AIRCRAFT WATERING POINTS

6.3 MONITORING FOR LEAD AT CDC AND YOUTH CENTER

6.4 MONITORING DURING CONTINGENCIES AND

HEIGHTENED FOR FORCE PROTECTION CONDITIONS

(FPCONS)

6.4.1 WATER CONTINGENCIES

6.4.2 HEIGHTENED FPCON

6.5 MONITORING PERFORMED BEFORE PLACING NEW

AND REPAIRED WATER MAINS OR STORAGE TANKS

INTO USE

Appendices Appendix A Sampling Sites for Total Coliform Appendix B Sampling Sites for Lead and Copper Appendix C Sampling Sites for Inorganics (Including Nitrates) Appendix D Sampling Sites for Disinfection Byproducts Appendix E Sampling Analysis Laboratories Certification Documents Appendix F MCL Violations Flow Chart Appendix G BASE Sampling Location Map Appendix H Heightened FPCON Monitoring Appendix I Definitions and List of Acronyms

List of Table Table 2-1. BASE Monitoring Requirements

List of Figures Figure E-1 Laboratory Certification Form Figure E-2 Microbiology Services Certification Form Figure G-1 BASE Sampling Map Location

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Attachments Attachment 1 DTC Routine Bacteriological Sampling Chain of Custody Form Attachment 2 Holloman AFB Monitoring Schedule Attachment 3 AFMRA/SG3PB Sampling Flowchart for PFOS/PFOA

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this sampling plan is to fulfill both the drinking water quality requirements set forth by the State of New Mexico, Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Safe Drinking Water, Safe Drinking Water Act Regulations, Title 20 of the New Mexico Administrative Code, and the planning requirements for the Sampling, Analysis, and Monitoring (SAM) Plan cited in Chapter 4 of Air Force Instruction (AFI) 48–144, Drinking Water Surveillance Program.

1.1 BACKGROUND

Holloman Air Force Base (AFB) is located in Otero County six miles southwest of Alamogordo, New Mexico. The base water distribution system is configured into a single pressure zone, which consists of a primary Main Base system and a subsystem providing service to the Family Housing Area.

In addition to NMAC Title 20, and AFI 48-144, the following AFI and portions of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) govern drinking water sampling requirements:

• AFI 10-246, Food and Water Protection Program

• AFI 48-119, Medical Service Environmental Quality Programs

• 40 CFR Part 131, Water Quality Standards

• 40 CFR Part 141, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations

• 40 CFR Part 143, National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations

1.2 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

The Holloman AFB public water system (PWS NM3562719) serves a population of approximately 13,000 and is classified by the State of New Mexico as a Consecutive Community Water System as defined by NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven, Part 10.

Holloman AFB normally relies on surface water (40 percent) and groundwater (60 percent) for potable water, but due to the 2012 Little Bear Forest fire there will be no surface source water available for some period of time. Holloman AFB can be provided potable water by the City of Alamogordo, but will be relying on various wells located 12 to 35 miles southeast of the base near the foothills of the Sacramento Mountains for the next several years. Surface water from Bonito Lake, when it recovers from the fire, and natural springs located in Fresnel, Alamo, and La Luz Canyons is transported through pipelines to reservoirs at the City of Alamogordo’s La Luz water treatment plant. The La Luz water treatment facility transports treated water from the La Luz facility, which is pipelined to a connection point with our new Prather pipeline. The Prather pipeline transports the water to a connection with the main pipelines that supply water to HAFB. Two tanks are designated for potable water storage on Holloman AFB: Eagle Tower with a capacity of 0.3 million gallons (MG) (0.9 acre-feet) and North Area Tower with a capacity of 0.25 MG (0.8 acre-feet), having a total capacity of 0.95 MG (2.9 acre-feet). These two tanks also serve to keep pressure on water in pipelines serving the base and are constantly being filled by water pumped via pipeline from two main storage tanks of 1.0 MG and 1.5 MG located at the CE Water Treatment Plant.

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Groundwater is drawn from a total of 16 wells with an average depth of 450 to 550 feet from five well fields consisting of the Boles, Escondido, San Andres, Frenchy, and Douglas well fields. Some of the installation’s wells have been installed to depths of 1,000 feet below ground surface (bgs).

Groundwater extracted from the well fields is transported via pipeline to two ground level storage tanks located in Boles and San Andres well fields, with a total capacity of 0.9 MG (U.S. Air Force 2006). These water storage tanks are constantly being filled to prevent water deficits from occurring on-base. In 2006, average daily water demand on-base was approximately 2.1 million gallons per day (MGD) (6.4 acre-feet) or 751.4 MG per year. The annual water usage for 2020 was 429,777,000 gallons; the daily average was 1,177,471 gallons. The water usage reduction over the historic average is due to diligent leak repair, infrastructure replacement and most importantly xeriscaping of the Base to eliminate most irrigation demand.

1.2.1 PRIMARY AND CONTINGENCY SOURCES

The base owns and operates a total of 16 groundwater wells located within five different well fields.

In the winter months, from 1 October to 30 March, the Base has historically received water from the La Luz water treatment plant (WTP) in Alamogordo, New Mexico when available. The La Luz WTP water sources include Bonito Lake (following fire recovery), several natural springs, and groundwater wells. None of these sources are close in proximity which creates good system redundancy. In addition, Holloman AFB has one non-potable source of water that could be used for contingency purposes. Per HAFB Water Contingency Response Plan dated November 2016 there are no contingency water sources for potable water. However, per section 3.3 the base swimming pool can be used for non-potable use such as firefighting and decontamination.

The well fields include the Escondido (ES), Frenchy (F), San Andres (SA), Douglas (D), and Boles (B). The wells are located 12 to 35 miles southeast of the base at the foot of the Sacramento Mountains. The source of water for all wells is the Bolson Aquifer located in the Tularosa Basin. On average, three of the sixteen wells are operating at any one time to adequately supply the base with potable water. The wells can supply the entire Base need on a sustainable basis.

1.2.2 RAW WATER TRANSMISSION

Water pumped from the Boles well field passes through a sand trap to settle out solids before feeding into the 400,000-gallon Boles storage tank. One line leaves the boles pumping complex before reaching, two water supply lines leave the Boles well field area to feed the base, one 16-inch line and one 18-inch line. Water from the San Andres tank can either flow directly into the Boles tank or into the 16-inch line leaving the Boles tank. The 16-inch and 18-inch lines leaving the Boles well field area, pass on to an area just west of HW 54 where the Prather line from the City of Alamogordo’s Green Reservoir merges with the base water supply. The Prather line is a 16 inch PVC line installed in 2010. Water only flows through the Prather line during the winter months or during an emergency when the City has sufficient water to supplement the base.

Two lines leave the Boles Field Area, one 16-inch AC line and one 18-inch PVC line and continue towards the base. The lines are buried 42 inches deep and run parallel approximately 20 feet apart for approximately seven miles to the base. Prior to reaching the main gate, the two lines diverge and enter the base at separate locations.

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In an underground valve box at the base WTP, the two lines from Boles converge into a 24-inch line where the water is pre-treated with liquid sodium hypochlorite.

1.2.3 TREATMENT

Holloman AFB does not currently use surface water. When surface water use is available it is treated at the La Luz WTP with a polymer addition, filtration, and disinfection. A polymer is added to the water at the outlet of the East Reservoir prior to passing through one of the two sand and anthracite filters. The two filters have a 2,500 GPM capacity and are backwashed twice each day. Liquid sodium hypochlorite is then introduced for disinfection from two 2,000-gallon storage tanks located onsite. The only treatment provided at Holloman AFB is additional disinfection. No fluoride addition is required because there is sufficient naturally occurring fluoride in the groundwater. Disinfection using Sodium Hypochlorite currently occurs at the base WTP and just upstream of the base WTP in an underground valve box. In the WTP, one 1,500 GPM electric pump and two 2,000 GPM electric pumps convey treated water to the base distribution system. There is a dedicated backup diesel generator in place with enough fuel to power the three electric pumps for 30 days. Numerous individual water softeners are located around the base associated with boiler feed water and other selected needs. It should be noted that Holloman AFB no longer uses chlorine gas for disinfection.

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2.0 MONITORING

Bioenvironmental Engineering (BE) is responsible for drinking water monitoring. The State of New Mexico Environmental Department (NMED) is the agency of primacy and determines the monitoring requirements.

2.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The Holloman AFB water system is classified as a community water system by the State of New Mexico that draws water from government owned water sources and purchases water from the city of Alamogordo. Holloman AFB is required to monitor for total coliform, lead and copper, chemical, and radiological monitoring. The sampling requirements for Holloman AFB are summarized in Table 2-1.

In addition to the state-required bacteriological monitoring, Holloman AFB conducts in-house total coliform monitoring when water main breaks have occurred and have been cleaned and flushed on the installation in accordance with (IAW) AFI 48-144.

In conjunction with the bacteriological monitoring, Holloman AFB conducts total available chlorine, fluoride, and pH monitoring IAW with AFI 48-144, Section 2. Locations of the sampling sites are in Appendix A and Appendix C.

2.2 BACTERIOLOGICAL

Holloman AFB must conduct bacteriological monitoring monthly IAW with NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven, Part 10, Section 500, which refers to the federal regulations (40 CFR 141.21).

Samples shall be taken at sites which are representative of water throughout the system based upon population served. The reportable population provided by the Holloman AFB Public Affairs Office is approximately 13,000. According to NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven, Part 10, Holloman AFB must collect and analyze fifteen samples since we have a population between 12,901-17,200 personnel.

Routine monitoring to meet Air Force unique requirements is covered in Section 6.0 of this plan.

Monitoring to establish baseline water characteristics is performed in conjunction with collection of monthly sampling for bacteriological water quality. Baseline water characteristics are used for comparison with contingency monitoring results during periods of elevated Force Protection Conditions (FPCON) and water contingency response operations.

2.3 FLUORIDE

Holloman AFB conducts in-house fluoride monitoring yearly IAW the United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine (USAFSAM) Drinking Water Surveillance Technical guide and as determined locally. Currently, BE is conducting fluoride sampling at Buildings 20, 274, and 650.

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Table 2-1. BASE Monitoring Requirements

2.4 INORGANICS

Primary Inorganics: Holloman AFB is required to conduct inorganic contaminant monitoring (primary and secondary chemical and physical substances) once every three years IAW NMAC Title 20. Primary inorganics include antimony, arsenic, asbestos, barium, beryllium, chromium, cyanide, mercury, nickel, selenium and thallium. All samples must be taken from a point representative of the source, after treatment and prior to entry into the distribution system.

Sampling locations may be found in Appendix C.

Secondary Inorganics: Holloman AFB is not required to conduct secondary inorganic monitoring (chemical and physical substances) but will continue to monitor once every three years. Secondary inorganic chemicals include alkyl benzene sulfonates (ABS) and linear alkyl sulfonates (LAS), aluminum, chloride, fluoride, hardness (as CaCO3), iron, manganese, silver, sodium, sulfate, total dissolved solids and zinc. Secondary inorganic physical characteristics include color, pH, odor and taste. All samples must be taken from a point representative of the source, after treatment and prior to entry into the distribution system. Sampling locations may be found in Appendix C.

2.5 ORGANICS

Holloman AFB is required to conduct organics monitoring once every three years IAW 40 CFR 141.24, except for synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) which are sampled twice in one year (on different quarters) every three years. Organics monitoring includes volatile organic compounds (VOCs), benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene, methylene chloride, tetrachloroethylene, trichlorobenzene(s), 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, xylene(s), 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, naphthalene, methyl tertiary butyl ether. All organics sampling must be taken

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2.6 NITRATES/NITRITES

Holloman AFB is required to conduct nitrate/nitrite monitoring annually IAW 40 CFR 141.23(d) (1). The sample must be taken from a point representative of the source, after treatment and prior to entry into the distribution system. Sampling locations may be found in Appendix C.

2.7 LEAD AND COPPER

Holloman is required to conduct lead and copper monitoring in the distribution system once every three years IAW 40 CFR 141.86 (c). The BE is required to sample from 30 sites every 3 years based on a population of greater than 10,000, but less than 100,000. Samples are collected from various residences on base. Sampling locations may be found in Appendix B.

2.8 ASBESTOS

The Holloman AFB water system must monitor asbestos for the first three years of every nine year cycle IAW 40 CFR 141.23. The MCL for asbestos is seven million fibers per liter (MFL) longer than 10 micrometers. The sample must be taken from a tap served by asbestos-cement pipe and under conditions where asbestos contamination is most likely to occur. Asbestos sampling occurs at Building 1079.

2.9 RADIONUCLIDES

The Holloman AFB water system must monitor for gross alpha particles, radium-226 and radium 228 to include uranium IAW 40 CFR 141.26 every three years. The sample must be taken from a point representative of the source, after treatment and prior to entry into the distribution system IAW 40 CFR 141.26(a) (1) (i). Sampling locations may be found in Appendix C.

2.10 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS (DBP)/TOTAL TRIHALOMETHANES

(TTHM) AND HALOACETIC ACIDS (FIVE) (HAA5)

Holloman AFB must monitor for DBP IAW 40 CFR 141.132 (b)(1)(i), systems using only groundwater not under the direct influence of surface water and the SDWA Monitoring Schedules issued annually by NMED DWB. Usually, four dual sample sets must be collected in the distribution system at locations provided by NMED DWB. However, because the locational running annual average (LRAA) is less than or equal to (≤) 0.040 milligrams per liter (mg/L) for TTHM and ≤ 0.030 mg/L for HAA5 at all monitoring locations, Holloman AFB is able to reduce monitoring IAW 40 CFR 141.623 (a). Two dual sample sets per year will be collected: one at the location and during the quarter with the highest TTHM single measurement, and one at the location and during the quarter with the highest HAA5 single measurement. Until otherwise directed by the state, dual sample sets will be collected at Building 1265 in June and at Building 1278 in September. All previous and current sampling locations may be found in Appendix D.

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2.11 AIR FORCE-UNIQUE DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE

REQUIREMENTS

The following additional requirements are unique to Air Force water surveillance programs IAW AFI 48-144 and new SAF/IE and AFMRA policy.

2.11.1 BACTERIOLOGICAL

The Holloman AFB BE office collects monthly drinking water samples for bacteriological analysis from the base CDCs and Youth Center. These samples are included in the total monthly requirement to satisfy state compliance locations based on population served.

2.11.2 LEAD IN CDC AND SCHOOL AGE PROGRAMS

Holloman AFB must conduct initial sampling for lead using the Lead Contamination Control Act (LCCA) protocols when metallic materials, including lead-free materials, are used in CDCs, DODDs, and School Age Programs. Follow-up sampling is required at facilities when plumbing lines are added and replaced. The Holloman AFB BE has conducted the initial lead sampling at the CDCs and Youth Center, and results are available and on file. Further sampling is required when plumbing lines or fixtures are modified, added, or replaced.

2.11.3 PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE (PFOS) AND

PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID (PFOA)

IAW SAF/IE policy and AFMRA guidance, all AF installations with DOD owned drinking water systems and where the DOD is the drinking water purveyor shall establish routine sampling for PFOS/PFOA. The sample must be collected at the water distribution system’s point of entry and on a routine monitoring schedule determined by the results of initial monitoring and the schedule determined by the policy. The laboratory must use EPA Method 537.1 to analyze the sample.

Due to the results of initial monitoring being below the method reporting limit, Holloman AFB will sample once every three years. Refer to the AFMRA/SG3PB Sampling Flowchart for PFOS/PFOA in Attachment 3. Sampling locations may be found in Appendix C.

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3.0 ANALYTICAL METHODS

All bacteriological, chemical, and radiological analyses must be completed in accordance with NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven; Part 10. This section of the NMAC refers to EPA approved methods. Approved analytical methods can be found on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Website at https://www.epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods/approved-drinking-water-analytical-methods.

3.1 BACTERIOLOGICAL

The requirements for microbiological analysis are specified in NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven; Part 10, which states that the federal regulations for bacteriological monitoring shall be followed. The federal regulations may be found in 40 CFR 141.21(f).

3.2 INORGANICS (INCLUDING FLUORIDE, NITRATES, AND

ASBESTOS)

The requirements for inorganic contaminant analysis are specified in NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven; Part 10, which references 40 CFR 141.23.

3.3 ORGANICS

The requirements for organic contaminant analysis are specified in NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven; Part 10, which references 40 CFR 141.24.

3.4 LEAD AND COPPER

The requirements for lead and copper analysis are specified in NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven; Part 10, which references 40 CFR 141.89.

3.5 RADIONUCLIDES

The requirements for radionuclides analysis are specified in NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven; Part 10, which references 40 CFR 141.25 and states that the analytical requirements for determining compliance with MCLs shall be those established under the National Regulations.

3.6 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS

The requirements for disinfection byproducts analysis are specified in NMAC Title 20, Chapter Seven; Part 10, which references 40 CFR 141.131(b).

3.7 LABORATORY USED FOR COMPLIANCE ANALYSES

All of the compliance contaminants sampled for at Holloman AFB shall be examined by a laboratory selected by the BE office that is currently certified by the New Mexico

Solicitation #FA480125Q0002

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Environmental Department (NMED) and recognized by the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (NELAP). All methods of sample preservations and analyses shall be as prescribed by the department and set forth under 40 CFR 141.

Currently, BE will be under contract with Company TBD (New Mexico Laboratory ID #____) for all bacteriological and periodic compliance sampling. Diagnostic and Technology Center, Inc. will be used for any repeat bacteriological sampling (New Mexico Laboratory ID #____).

All bacteriological and periodic compliance sampling will be analyzed through TBD and updated after award:

Company:

POC:

Address:

Repeat bacteriological sampling analysis will be sent to Diagnostic & Technology Center, Inc.

Diagnostic & Technology Center, Inc.

2420-B N. White Sands Blvd.

Alamogordo, NM 8310-6114

To ensure that BE is using a laboratory that implements appropriate quality assurance/quality control QA/QC, achieves prescribed detection limits, and reports results IAW the NMED DWB, BE will do the following:

1. Request a copy of the laboratory’s state accreditation permit (re-verify annually). The permit should include the laboratory’s certification number and the contaminants which the laboratory is certified to analyze. Laboratory certifications are listed in Appendix E.

2. Request a copy of the laboratories QA/QC procedures for all contaminants which the laboratory will analyze for the base.

3. Request copies of all analytical data performed on behalf of the base. Ensure that the data includes the minimum and maximum detection limits for the contaminants being analyzed and that the laboratory is reporting the data to the state according to state regulations.

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4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC)

Part of conducting a successful drinking water surveillance program is to have QA/QC procedures in place to prevent samples from being tainted. The following sections discuss proper QA/QC procedures.

4.1 BACTERIOLOGICAL

As previously stated, BE collects water samples weekly (on Monday or Tuesday) and ships the samples through FedEx to company TBD on award for analysis. HEAL accepts samples Monday through Friday from 0800 – 1700 but because of shipping times, should only receive bacteriological samples on Tuesday or Wednesday to allow for repeat samples to be collected in the event of a positive sample. The guidelines for conducting the bacteriological sampling are found in Method 9060A.2 of the 21st edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. To ensure bacteriological samples are properly collected, transported and preserved, and transferred, the following procedures should be used:

1. Collection

a. Samples will be collected in non-reactive plastic bottles (IDEXX) containing sodium thiosulfate.

b. Sample bottles are to remain closed until the samples are ready to be collected.

c. Remove the faucet attachments such as the screen or splash guard.

Disinfect with sodium hypochlorite (bleach) solution and run water for three to five minutes.

d. Sample for pH and free available chlorine using the colorimeter test kit.

e. Open the sample collection bottle. DO NOT CONTAMINATE THE

SAMPLE BY TOUCHING THE INSIDE OF THE BOTTLE OR LID.

DO NOT PLACE THE LID DOWN ON ANY SURFACE. KEEP

THE LID INTERIOR POINTED DOWN.

f. Fill the sample bottle with 100 (milliliters) ml of water; marked on the sample container. Do not fill past the 100 ml line as there will be insufficient sodium thiosulfate to dilute the chlorine.

g. Once the sample is collected replace the cap to the bottle.

h. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required by the lab immediately after collection. See Attachment 1.

2. Transportation and Preservation

a. Once the sample has been collected, the sample should be stored in a cooler and kept at a temperature of less than (<) 10°C (50°F) using ice.

b. All samples should be shipped on the same day as collection, so that the 30-hour holding time is not exceeded.

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4.2 CHEMICAL

Holloman AFB BE must conduct chemical monitoring which includes the following:

• Inorganics o Primary and secondary physical and chemical contaminants, to include nitrates

• Organics o Volatile Organics

• Lead and Copper

• Radionuclides

• Disinfection Byproducts

• Asbestos

The guidelines for conducting chemical sampling are found in the 20th and 21st edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. To ensure chemical samples are properly collected, preserved and transported, and transferred to the appropriate laboratory, the following procedures are general guidelines: DETAILED

INSTRUCTIONS MUST BE REQUESTED FROM THE ANALYSIS LABORATORY.

4.2.1 Inorganics

4.2.1.1 Primary and Secondary Physical and Chemical

BE collects water samples every three years and transports/ships the samples to a state-certified contract laboratory for analysis. To ensure that the samples are properly collected, transported and preserved, and transferred, the following procedures should be used:

a. Use the approved sample containers supplied by the state-certified contract laboratory.

b. Sample containers are to remain closed until the samples are ready to be collected.

c. Sampling taps should be after treatment (if applicable) but before entry into the distribution system.

d. Before collecting the sample, all attachments should be removed from the tap, and the tap should be fully opened to allow the water to run for ten minutes or until the water reaches a constant temperature.

e. Remove the cap from the container, and fill the sample container.

f. If applicable, add a preservative to the collected sample.

f. Once the sample has been collected and properly preserved (if applicable), replace the cap to the container. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required immediately after collection. The collector shall state the following on the form:

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i. That sterilized containers with preservative were used for sampling;

ii. The collector's name and affiliation;

iii. Name and identification number of the environmental laboratory analyzing the sample;

iv. Sample identification number, location and type;

v. Date and time of collection;

vi. Chlorine residual results, if applicable;

vii. Preservatives or preservation conditions used;

viii. Department-Sanctioned Analytical Methods to be performed;

and

ix. Collector's signature and any remarks.

2. Preservation and Transportation

a. Once the sample has been collected, the sample should be stored in a cooler and kept at a temperature of less than (<) 10°C (50°F).

b. All samples should be transported/shipped to the state-certified contract laboratory within 24-hours to avoid exceeding the holding time.

3. Transfer to Laboratory

a. Once the samples have been properly collected, preserved, and transported, the samples should be properly transferred to the laboratory by using a chain-of-custody form.

b. The chain-of-custody form shall provide space for the sample analysis request information listed in 1(i) above. The following chain-of-custody procedures shall be employed, and the following information shall be recorded by each person who collects or handles a regulatory sample:

i. Use tie-on or affixed labels with sample identification to label the sample

ii. After the sample has been collected, the collector shall write the following information on the chain-of-custody form:

(1) The information required under (c) 8i through viii above

(2) Signature, date and time of chain-of-custody transfers

(3) Number of containers.

4.2.1.2 Nitrates/Nitrites

BE collects water samples annually and transports/ships the samples to a state-certified contract laboratory for analysis. The guidelines for conducting nitrate sampling are found in Part 4000 of the 20th and 21st edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. To ensure nitrate samples are properly collected, transported and preserved, and transferred, the following procedures should be used:

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b. Sample containers are to remain closed until the samples are ready to be collected.

c. Sampling taps should be after treatment (if applicable) but before entry into the distribution system.

d. Before collecting the sample, all attachments should be removed from the tap, and the tap should be fully opened to allow the water to run for ten minutes or until the water reaches a constant temperature.

e. Remove the cap to the container, and fill the sample container.

f. If applicable, add a preservative to the collected sample.

g. Once the sample has been collected and properly preserved (if applicable), replace the cap to the container. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required immediately after collection. The collector shall state the following on the form:

i. That sterilized containers with preservative were used for sampling;

ii. The collector's name and affiliation;

iii. Name and identification number of the environmental laboratory analyzing the sample;

iv. Sample identification number, location and type;

v. Date and time of collection;

vi. Chlorine residual results, if applicable;

vii. Preservatives or preservation conditions used;

viii. Department-Sanctioned Analytical Methods to be performed;

and

ix. Collector's signature and any remarks.

g. Preservation and Transportation

a. Once the sample has been collected, the sample should be stored in a cooler and kept at a temperature of less than (<) 10°C (50°F).

b. All samples should be transported/shipped to the state-certified contract laboratory within 24-hours to avoid exceeding the holding time.

3. Transfer to Laboratory

a. Once the samples have been properly collected, preserved, and transported, the samples should be properly transferred to the laboratory by using a chain-of-custody form.

b. The chain-of-custody form shall provide space for the sample analysis request information listed in 1(i) above. The following chain-of-custody procedures shall be employed, and the following information shall be recorded by each person who collects or handles a regulatory sample:

i. Use tie-on or affixed labels with sample identification to label the sample

ii. After the sample has been collected, the collector shall write the following information on the chain-of-custody form:

Appendix 1 Example of 2025-2029 Sampling Schedule Page 19

(1) The information required under (c) 8i through viii above

4.2.1.3 Asbestos

BE has to conduct asbestos sampling every nine years. The guidelines for conducting asbestos sampling are found in Method 2570 B of the 20th and 21st edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. To ensure asbestos samples are properly collected, preserved, transported, and transferred the following procedures should be used:

a. Only new pre-cleaned, capped bottles of glass or low-density

(conventional) polyethylene capable of holding one liter should be used (these bottles should be provided by the laboratory).

b. For distribution system sampling, choose a commonly used faucet, remove all hoses and fittings, and let water run for one to three minutes prior to sampling.

c. Remove the sampling container’s cap and rinse the sampling container several times with the water being sampled.

d. Obtain a sample of approximately 800mL leaving an air gap at the top of the sample container.

e. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required immediately after collection. The collector shall state the following on the form:

i. That sterilized containers with preservative were used for sampling;

ii. The collector's name and affiliation;

iii. Name and identification number of the environmental laboratory analyzing the sample;

iv. Sample identification number, location and type;

v. Date and time of collection;

vi. Chlorine residual results, if applicable;

vii. Preservatives or preservation conditions used;

viii. Department-Sanctioned Analytical Methods to be performed;

and

ix. Collector's signature and any remarks.

2. Preservation and Transportation

a. Once the sample has been collected, the sample should be shipped in a sealed container, preferably a cooler, to retard bacterial or algal growth. The sample should be separate from any bulk or air samples intended for asbestos analysis.

b. All samples should be transported to the laboratory on the same day as collection, so that the 48-hour holding time is not exceeded.

Appendix 1 Example of 2025-2029 Sampling Schedule Page 20

3. Transfer to Laboratory

a. Once the samples have been properly collected, preserved, and transported, the samples should be properly transferred to the laboratory by using a chain-of-custody form shall be completed.

b. The chain-of-custody form shall provide space for the sample analysis request information listed in 1(i) above. The following chain-of-custody procedures shall be employed, and the following information shall be recorded by each person who collects or handles a regulatory sample:

i. Use tie-on or affixed labels with sample identification to label the sample

ii. After the sample has been collected, the collector shall write the following information on the chain-of-custody form:

(1) The information required under (c) 8i through viii above

4.2.2 Organics

4.2.2.1 Volatile Organics

BE collects water samples every three years and transports/ships the samples to a state-certified laboratory for analysis. The guidelines for conducting this sampling are found in Part 6000 of the 20th and 21st edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. To ensure volatile organics samples are properly collected, preserved, transported, and transferred the following procedures should be used:

1. Check with the Housing Office to ensure units containing designated sample sites are occupied. If units are unoccupied, consult with the BEE and CEV for alternate sites to sample.

2. Collection

a. Use the approved sample containers (2 – 40-ml vials with 25-mg of ascorbic acid for dechlorinating and a “Field Blank”) supplied by the state-certified contract laboratory.

b. Sample containers are to remain closed until the samples are ready to be collected.

c. Sampling taps should be after treatment (if applicable) but before entry into the distribution system. The sampling taps should be far enough downstream from the chlorine point to ensure adequate mixing.

d. Before collecting the sample, all attachments should be removed from the tap, and the tap should be fully opened to allow the water to run for ten minutes or until the water reaches a constant temperature.

e. Remove the cap to one of the vials and hold the vial at an angle under the edge of the water stream, so that water can flow gently into the

Appendix 1 Example of 2025-2029 Sampling Schedule Page 21 vial. When the vial is nearly full, tilt the vial to the vertical position to finish filling the vial.

f. Once filled, screw the cap onto the vial with the Teflon side of the cap liner face down in contact with the water. Roll or shake the vial to fully mix the ascorbic acid.

g. Carefully uncap the vial and add four drops of HCL to the vial and recap the vial.

h. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required by immediately after collection. The collector shall state the following on the form:

i. That sterilized containers with preservative were used for sampling;

ii. The collector's name and affiliation;

iii. Name and identification number of the environmental laboratory analyzing the sample;

iv. Sample identification number, location and type;

v. Date and time of collection;

vi. Chlorine residual results, if applicable;

vii. Preservatives or preservation conditions used;

viii. Department-Sanctioned Analytical Methods to be performed;

and

ix. Collector's signature and any remarks.

i. Repeat steps a–h for the remaining vial.

3. Preservation and Transportation

a. Once the sample has been collected, the sample should be stored in a cooler and kept at a temperature of less than (<) 4°C (~39°F).

b. All samples should be transported/shipped to the laboratory within 24-hours to avoid exceeding the holding time.

4. Transfer to Laboratory

a. Once the samples have been properly collected, preserved, and transported, the samples should be properly transferred to the laboratory by using a chain-of-custody form shall be completed.

b. The chain-of-custody form shall provide space for the sample analysis request information listed in 1(i) above. The following chain-of-custody procedures shall be employed, and the following information shall be recorded by each person who collects or handles a regulatory sample:

i. Use tie-on or affixed labels with sample identification to label the sample

ii. After the sample has been collected, the collector shall write the following information on the chain-of-custody form:

(1) The information required under (c) 8i through viii above

Appendix 1 Example of 2025-2029 Sampling Schedule Page 22

4.2.3 Lead and Copper

BE has to conduct lead and copper sampling once every three years and transports/ships the samples to a state-certified laboratory for analysis. The guidelines for conducting this sampling are found in Part 3000 of the 20th and 21st edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. To ensure the samples are properly collected, preserved, transported, and transferred, the following procedures should be used:

1. Use the approved sample containers supplied by the state-certified contract laboratory.

2. Sample containers are to remain closed until the samples are ready to be collected.

3. Sampling taps should either the kitchen or bathroom cold water taps that have been undisturbed for at least six hours, but no longer than 12 hours.

4. Before collecting the sample, all attachments should be removed from the tap.

5. Do not run the water prior to sampling. The sample has to be from the “first draw”.

6. Place the sample container under the cold water faucet and gently open the tap. Fill the sample container to either the shoulder of the bottle or to the 1,000 ml mark.

g. Once the sample has been collected and properly preserved with nitric acid to a pH of less than two, replace the cap to the container. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required immediately after collection. The collector shall state the following on the form:

i. That sterilized containers with preservative were used for sampling;

ii. The collector's name and affiliation;

iii. Name and identification number of the environmental laboratory analyzing the sample;

iv. Sample identification number, location and type;

v. Date and time of collection;

vi. Chlorine residual results, if applicable;

vii. Preservatives or preservation conditions used;

viii. Department-Sanctioned Analytical Methods to be performed;

and

ix. Collector's signature and any remarks.

7. Transportation and Preservation

a. Once the sample has been collected, the sample should be stored in a cooler and kept at a temperature of less than (<) 10°C (50°F).

b. The samples should be transported/shipped to the state-certified laboratory.

4. Transfer to Laboratory

Appendix 1 Example of 2025-2029 Sampling Schedule Page 23 transported, the samples should be properly transferred to the laboratory by using a chain-of-custody form shall be completed.

b. The chain-of-custody form shall provide space for the sample analysis request information listed in 1(i) above. The following chain-of-custody procedures shall be employed, and the following information shall be recorded by each person who collects or handles a regulatory sample:

i. Use tie-on or affixed labels with sample identification to label the sample

ii. After the sample has been collected, the collector shall write the following information on the chain-of-custody form:

(1) The information required under (c) 8i through viii above

4.2.4 Disinfection Byproducts (DBP)

BE has to conduct DBP, Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) and Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) sampling annually IAW 40 CFR 141.30(c) (1). TTHM and HAA5 use different methods for analysis (see Appendix C). The methods can be found in Part 6000 of the 20th and 21st edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.

4.2.4.1 Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)

The following procedures are to be used to ensure proper collection and transporting and preservation of TTHM samples to the laboratory:

a. Use only the approved sample bottles that the laboratory conducting the analysis sends.

b. Sample bottles are to remain closed until the samples are ready to be collected.

c. The samples should be collected in duplicate.

d. Add Na2S2O3 to the sample bottle prior to adding the sample water.

e. When sampling from a water tap, open the tap and allow the system to flush until the water temperature has stabilized (usually about 10 min).

Adjust the flow to about 500 ml/min and collect duplicate samples containing the desired dechlorinating agent from the flowing stream.

f. Once the sample is collected, replace the cap to the bottle. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required by immediately after collection. The collector shall state the following on the form:

i. That sterilized containers with preservative were used for sampling;

ii. The collector's name and affiliation;

Appendix 1 Example of 2025-2029 Sampling Schedule Page 24

iii. Name and identification number of the environmental laboratory analyzing the sample;

iv. Sample identification number, location and type;

v. Date and time of collection;

vi. Chlorine residual results, if applicable;

vii. Preservatives or preservation conditions used;

viii. Department-Sanctioned Analytical Methods to be performed;

and

ix. Collector's signature and any remarks.

2. Transportation and Preservation

a. Once the sample has been collected, the sample should be stored in a cooler and kept at a temperature of less than or equal to (<) 4°C (~39°F) until analysis. The samples should be stored in an area free of organic solvent vapors and direct or intense light.

b. All samples must be analyzed within 14 days of collection

3. Transfer to Laboratory

a. Once the samples have been properly collected, preserved, and transported, the samples should be properly transferred to the laboratory by using a chain-of-custody form shall be completed.

b. The chain-of-custody form shall provide space for the sample analysis request information listed in 1(i) above. The following chain-of-custody procedures shall be employed, and the following information shall be recorded by each person who collects or handles a regulatory sample:

i. Use tie-on or affixed labels with sample identification to label the sample

ii. After the sample has been collected, the collector shall write the following information on the chain-of-custody form:

(1) The information required under (c) 8i through viii above

4.2.4.2 Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)

The following procedures are to be used to ensure proper collection and transporting and preservation of HAA5 samples to the laboratory:

a. Use only the approved sample bottles that the laboratory conducting the analysis sends.

b. Sample bottles are to remain closed until the samples are ready to be collected.

c. Collect grab samples in quadruplicate to allow sufficient volume for replicates and known additions.

Appendix 1 Example of 2025-2029 Sampling Schedule Page 25

d. Flush sampling tap until the water temperature stabilizes and stagnant lines are cleared.

e. Collect samples in nominal 40- and 60-mL sample containers containing approximately 65 mg of crystalline NH4Cl and sealed with TFE-faced septa and screw caps (laboratory should supply all sampling containers).

f. Fill sampling containers in manner so that no air bubbles pass through the sample. Do not overfill the sample container.

g. Seal the sample with no headspace.

h. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required immediately after collection. The collector shall state the following on the form:

i. That sterilized containers with preservative were used for sampling;

ii. The collector's name and affiliation;

iii. Name and identification number of the environmental laboratory analyzing the sample;

iv. Sample identification number, location and type;

v. Date and time of collection;

vi. Chlorine residual results, if applicable;

vii. Preservatives or preservation conditions used;

viii. Department-Sanctioned Analytical Methods to be performed;

and

ix. Collector's signature and any remarks.

2. Transportation and Preservation

a. Once the sample has been collected, the sample should be stored in a cooler and kept at a temperature of less than or equal to (<) 4°C (~39°F) until analysis.

b. All samples must be analyzed within 9 days of collection

3. Transfer to Laboratory

a. Once the samples have been properly collected, preserved, and transported, the samples should be properly transferred to the laboratory by using a chain-of-custody form shall be completed.

b. The chain-of-custody form shall provide space for the sample analysis request information listed in 1(i) above. The following chain-of-custody procedures shall be employed, and the following information shall be recorded by each person who collects or handles a regulatory sample:

i. Use tie-on or affixed labels with sample identification to label the sample

ii. After the sample has been collected, the collector shall write the following information on the chain-of-custody form:

(1) The information required under (c) 8i through viii above

(2) Signature, date and time of chain-of-custody transfers

(3) Number of containers.

Appendix 1 Example of 2025-2029 Sampling Schedule Page 26

4.3 RADIOLOGICAL

BE must collect one sample from each point of entry into the water system after treatment on a quarterly basis until notified differently by the state. Once collected, BE must transport/ship the sample(s) to the state-certified contract laboratory for analysis.

The guidelines for conducting this sampling are found in EPA Method 900 for Gross Alpha Particles, which is the only allowable method. To ensure the samples are properly collected, transported and preserved, and transferred, the following procedures should be used:

contract laboratory.

b. Sample containers are to remain closed until the samples are ready to be collected.

c. Sampling taps should be taken at the point of entry into the distribution system. If sources are merged into one single distribution pipe, the sample may be collected after all sources are merged.

d. Before collecting the sample, the tap should be fully opened to allow the water to run for ten minutes or until the water reaches a constant temperature.

e. Remove the cap to the container, and fill the sample container.

f. If applicable, add a preservative to the collected sample.

g. Once the sample has been collected and properly preserved (if applicable), replace the cap to the container. The collector shall complete the sample analysis request form required immediately after collection. The collector shall state the following on the form:

i. That sterilized containers with preservative were used for sampling;

ii. The collector's name and affiliation;

iii. Name and identification number of the environmental laboratory analyzing the sample;

iv. Sample identification number, location and type;

v. Date and time of collection;

vi. Chlorine residual results, if applicable;

vii. Preservatives or preservation conditions used;

viii. Department-Sanctioned Analytical Methods to be performed;

and

ix. Collector's signature and any remarks.

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