Appendices A thru E_Sela 26.1_Ed 12-047.pdf

APPENDIX A

Norfolk Southern Standard Specifications for Materials and Construction (Jan 2019)

Norfolk Southern - Standard Specifications for Design and Construction

January 2019 Cover Page

Norfolk Southern Standard Specifications for Materials and Construction

January 2019

Norfolk Southern Railway Company

Engineering Department

Office of Chief Engineer – Design & Construction

Atlanta, GA

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January 2019 Cover Page

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January 2019 Section TOC Page 1 of 2

Table of Contents

DIVISION I: GENERAL INFORMATION

Section GI – General Instructions Section AB – Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Definitions Section BM – Surveying Monuments

DIVISION II: SITE WORK

Section CG – Clearing and Grubbing Section DM – Demolition Section DR – Drainage Section EF – Engineering Fabric and Geogrids Section ES – Erosion and Sediment Control Section GR – Grading Section GW – Gabion Walls Section LA – Landscaping Section SM – Seeding & Mulching

DIVISION III: PAVEMENT SURFACES

Section AP – Asphalt Pavement Section BPT – Bituminous Preservation Treatment Section CP – Concrete Pavement Section GA – Graded Aggregate Section RCC – Roller Compacted Concrete

DIVISION IV: TRACK SYSTEMS

Section AS – Compressed Air Systems Section BA – Ballast Section TW – Trackwork

DIVISION V: BARRIERS

Section GP – Guard Post (Bollard) Section HG – Highway Guardrail Section JB – Precast Jersey Barriers Section RF – Right-of-Way Fence Section SF – Security Fence

DIVISION VI: STRUCTURES

Section MF – Metal Fabrication Section PS – Pre-Engineered Metal Structures Section SC – Structural Concrete

DIVISION VII: UTILITIES

Section CA – Casing Pipe Section CO – Conduit Section SS – Sanitary Sewer Section WL – Water Line

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DIVISION VIII: SPECIALTY EQUIPMENT

Section DO – Damaged Container Dock Equipment Section MPT – Maintenance Pad Tanks Section MPR – Maintenance Pad Equipment Racks Section OWS – Oil-Water Separator

DIVISION IX: TRAFFIC CONTROL

Section LP – Traffic Loops Section PM – Pavement Markings Section RTS – Remote Tire Spikes Section SG – Signs

DIVISION X: SECURITY SYSTEMS

Section FOC – Fiber Optic Cable Infrastructure Section VSS – Video Security System General Requirements

DIVISION XI: ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

Section LI – Site Lighting Section EL – Electrical Power Distribution (See NS Electrical Spec.)

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Division I: General Information

Section GI – General Instructions

Section AB – Acronyms and Abbreviations

Section BM – Surveying Monuments

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Section GI – General Instructions

GI-1 Intent of Contract

The Work to be performed under this Contract consists of furnishing all materials, unless furnished by the COMPANY, superintendence, labor, equipment, tools, supplies and transportation required to complete the project and the carrying out of all the duties and obligations imposed by the Contract.

GI-2 General Conditions

A. Work to be performed under this Contract shall be in accordance with either the Norfolk Southern "Project Contract", Form 11133, or "Service Order", Form 11515.BB, incorporated herein as Appendix No. 1 and made part hereof, applicable plans and these Specifications.

Any conflict between the plans, these Specifications, third-party standards (including ASTM, DOT, AASHTO, and AREMA standards/guidelines), permitting documents, manufacturer recommendations, and applicable government requirements shall be resolved by following the most restrictive requirements.

B. The CONTRACTOR shall, at its sole cost and expense, provide insurance as stated in either the "Project Contract" or "Service Order."

C. Performance, Labor and Material Payment Bond shall be required as stated in the "Project Contract."

D. The COMPANY and its representative (the “ENGINEER”) reserve the right to make revisions to these Specifications. Any revisions to these Specifications shall be documented by letter from the COMPANY to the CONTRACTOR.

E. The quantities shown on the bid sheet are estimates and may be changed. Final quantities will be measured by the ENGINEER to determine actual payment for work performed. No extra compensation above the unit Contract prices will be allowed due to changes in final quantities.

F. It shall be the responsibility of the CONTRACTOR to alert the COMPANY in writing of any intent to claim extra compensation, prior to performing extra work. Any extra work must first be approved in writing by the ENGINEER. No additional compensation will be paid for any such extra work if it is performed prior to the CONTRACTOR's receipt of the ENGINEER's written approval thereof.

G. If the CONTRACTOR sublets the whole or any part of the work to be done under the Contract, it shall not, under any circumstances, be relieved of any liability or obligations under the Contract by reason of any such subcontract or subcontractor. All COMPANY communications pertaining to CONTRACTOR's performance of the Contract may be with the CONTRACTOR only.

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H. The CONTRACTOR shall provide security for his equipment, materials, and COMPANY supplied materials receipted by the CONTRACTOR against theft and vandalism.

I. The CONTRACTOR shall be supplied with one set of the plans. The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for production of the necessary copies for itself and any subcontractors. If plans are revised, the CONTRACTOR shall be supplied a copy of the revised plan sheet(s).

J. The COMPANY reserves the right to perform or award a separate contract for removing track and/or constructing track. The COMPANY reserves the right to eliminate or reduce the amount of track work to be done by the CONTRACTOR during duration of the project.

K. The COMPANY reserves all rights pertaining to Federal preemption of local zoning and other permitting requirements. The CONTRACTOR must notify the COMPANY before contacting or submitting documents to local permitting authorities, and any submittals must be approved by the COMPANY before submission.

L. The ENGINEER or another authorized COMPANY representative must be present whenever a Government official visits the site.

GI-3 Reference Standards

A. When a standard is specified by reference, the CONTRACTOR shall comply with requirements and recommendations stated in the standard, except when requirements are modified by the Contract Documents or applicable codes establish stricter standards.

B. The CONTRACTOR shall obtain, at its expense, copies of the following reference standards directly from publication source, when needed for proper performance of work, or when required for submittal by Contract Documents.

AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

ACI American Concrete Institute

ANSI American National Standards Institute

AREMA American Railway Engineering & Maintenance-of-Way Association

ASA American Supply Association

ASSE American Society for Sanitary Engineering

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

AWS American Welding Society

AWWA American Water Works Association

CISPI Cast Iron Soil Pipe Institute

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CSA Canadian Specification Association

FS Federal Standard

MSS Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valves and Fitting Ind., Inc.

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

Local Building Codes and Zoning Regulations

State Department of Transportation or Highways

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Specifications

GI-4 Safety

A. The CONTRACTOR and all personnel must follow all applicable railroad and governmental rules, with particular attention paid to railroad operating rules, COMPANY rules for the conduct of contractors, COMPANY rules for the operation of moving vehicles, and Federal Railway Administration roadway worker rules.

B. The CONTRACTOR shall require that its employees or employees of any subcontractors wear while on or about the COMPANY's property:

1. Appropriate head protection.

2. Appropriate eye protection.

3. Appropriate hearing protection.

4. Appropriate respiratory protection.

5. Appropriate safety vests are required for work inside active intermodal facilities, public rights-of-way, or other locations as required by the COMPANY.

6. Suitable protective clothing and footwear. Working in shorts is prohibited. Shirts must cover shoulders, back and abdomen. Working in tennis or jogging shoes, sandals, boots with high heels, cowboy and other slip-on type boots is prohibited. Hard sole, lace up footwear, zippered boots or boots cinched up with straps which fit snugly about the ankle are adequate. Safety boots are required.

7. All protective equipment must be in good condition and properly fitted.

C. The CONTRACTOR shall observe the safety provisions of applicable laws and building and construction codes. Machinery and equipment and other hazards shall be guarded in accordance with the safety provisions of the most recent edition of the Manual of Accident Prevention in Construction, published by the Associated General Contractors of America, to the extent that such provisions are consistent with applicable law or regulation.

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D. The CONTRACTOR shall permit only qualified personnel to perform welding. Proper clothing, gloves and shields must be worn for body and eye protection. All welding equipment must be properly tested and in good working order. All welding equipment and cutting torches being used within 25 feet of the track must be shut off and work stopped when train is passing.

E. Anyone working on COMPANY property found to be under the influence of alcohol or other intoxicant, narcotic or hallucinogenic drug, or in possession of such intoxicant or drug, shall be dismissed from the property by the CONTRACTOR and not allowed to return.

F. When anyone working on COMPANY property is injured, the CONTRACTOR shall arrange for emergency medical assistance, if needed, and the CONTRACTOR shall notify ENGINEER of such incident by the quickest method of communication available.

G. The CONTRACTOR shall not permit the use of defective or improvised tools and equipment for the Work.

H. At the direction of the ENGINEER, the CONTRACTOR shall work with local emergency response personnel to develop action plans to respond to emergency situations.

I. The CONTRACTOR is responsible for maintaining emergency site access(es) for local emergency response personnel.

J. The CONTRACTOR must promptly notify ENGINEER of any safety incident or injury involving any person(s) on the project site.

K. The CONTRACTOR shall hold daily safety briefings involving all personnel working on site per railroad safety rules. Personnel arriving onsite after the safety briefing shall be briefed before proceeding with their work. The CONTRACTOR and all personnel shall hold additional safety briefings during the day as conditions or work changes.

L. The CONTRACTOR is responsible for obtaining eRailSafe certification for itself and its employees working onsite. The CONTRACTOR shall follow all eRailSafe requirements and escort all subcontractors or non-certified employees on site.

M. The CONTRACTOR and all personnel are responsible for obtaining FRA Roadway Worker certification through an NSR-approved trainer.

GI-5 Ecology and Hazardous Commodities

A. The CONTRACTOR shall comply with all federal, state and local laws, rules, regulations and ordinances controlling air, water, noise, solid wastes and other pollution relating to the storage, transport, release or disposal of hazardous materials, substances, or waste.

B. The CONTRACTOR shall, at its own expense, make all modifications, repairs, or additions to the CONTRACTOR's equipment and shall install and bear the expense of any and all structures, devices or equipment which may be required under any laws, rules, regulations or ordinances pertaining to the protection of the environment.

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C. The CONTRACTOR shall not dispose of any wastes of any kind, whether hazardous or not and including without limitation construction and demolition debris, on any premises owned, operated or controlled by the COMPANY. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish the COMPANY written notice of any and all releases of hazardous wastes or substances whenever such releases are required to be reported to any federal, state or local authority.

Such written notice shall identify the substance released, the amount released, and the measures undertaken to clean up and remove the released material and any contaminated soil or water, and CONTRACTOR shall certify that no contamination remains.

D. The CONTRACTOR shall provide the COMPANY with copies of any and all reports made to any governmental agency which relate to the use or occupancy of the COMPANY's premises.

E. If material is found that requires special handling, the CONTRACTOR shall immediately notify the ENGINEER. The CONTRACTOR shall receive no additional compensation for delays to his work caused by the cleanup of any material.

F. The CONTRACTOR shall stop work and notify the ENGINEER in the event that bones, arrowheads, or other historic artifacts are encountered. The ENGINEER shall notify the COMPANY’s General Counsel-Operations for further direction.

G. The CONTRACTOR shall stop work and notify the ENGINEER in the event that evidence of contamination is encountered. The ENGINEER shall notify the System Director Environmental for further direction.

GI-6 Field Engineering

A. The COMPANY shall perform the necessary initial surveying work to establish horizontal and vertical control points and construction layout.

B. The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for working from such control points and preserving these control points until construction is completed.

C. Any restaking required by the COMPANY as a result of the CONTRACTOR's carelessness or failure to protect control points or construction stakes shall be accomplished at the expense of the CONTRACTOR.

GI-7 Work Adjacent to or On Operating Tracks

A. The CONTRACTOR's action(s) shall not interfere with normal train operations. The CONTRACTOR shall provide weekly forecast of activities that may affect train operations or requiring flag protection.

B. The COMPANY will provide service outages only when absolutely required for construction activities, as determined by the ENGINEER and the COMPANY. No claim by the CONTRACTOR against the COMPANY will be allowed for delay caused by the COMPANY's operations.

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C. When working on or near operating tracks to be kept in service, the COMPANY may provide a schedule of allowable work periods. Allowable work periods may change due to the variances in train operations. If the CONTRACTOR fails to comply with the schedules and performs its work in a manner that causes delay to the COMPANY's train operations, it shall be liable for any delays and shall reimburse the COMPANY upon receipt of bills therefore. If at any time it is required to work longer than a normal 8 hour day to prevent disruption to the COMPANY's train operations, then the CONTRACTOR shall do so at no expense to the COMPANY.

D. The COMPANY shall provide flagmen, at no expense to the CONTRACTOR, at locations the ENGINEER may deem necessary for the safety of the COMPANY's property and operations. The CONTRACTOR will assure that its officers, agents, suppliers, subcontractors, and employees strictly observe the flagging directions given by the COMPANY flagman. It is distinctly understood, however, that no direction or failure to give direction by the COMPANY flagman will relieve the CONTRACTOR from any of its indemnification commitments in the Contract.

E. No one shall be allowed within 15 feet of the centerline of the nearest track without specific authorization of the COMPANY flagman.

F. No one shall be allowed to cross tracks without specific authorization of the COMPANY flagman.

G. All persons working near track while train is passing are to look out for dragging bands, chains and protruding or shifted cargo.

H. No one shall be allowed to pass between, over or under rail cars.

I. No steel or metallic chain or measuring tape shall be allowed to cross or touch rails without permission of the COMPANY flagman.

J. No construction materials shall be placed on tracks without the approval of the ENGINEER.

K. When working on tracks, switches shall be lined away from the work area and switch points spiked down or clamped or rail ends mismatched to prevent cars or engines from entering the work area.

L. No crane or boom equipment shall be allowed to set up to work or park within boom distance plus 15 feet of the centerline of track without specific permission of the COMPANY flagman or authorized COMPANY representative.

M. No crane or boom equipment shall be allowed to foul track or lift a load over the track without flagging protection and track time.

N. All workers and machine operators shall stay with their machines when crane or boom equipment is pointed toward the track.

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O. All cranes and boom equipment, including pile driving equipment, shall stop work and clear track while train is passing.

P. Swinging loads shall be secured to prevent movement while train is passing.

Q. No loads shall be suspended above a moving train.

R. No equipment or load movement shall be allowed within 25 feet above a standing train or railroad equipment without specific authorization of the COMPANY flagman.

S. No trucks, tractors or other equipment shall touch the ballast line of track without specific permission of the ENGINEER or COMPANY flagman.

T. All operating equipment within 25 feet of the nearest track must halt operations when a train is passing. All other operating equipment may be halted by the COMPANY flagman if he deems the operation to be dangerous to a passing train.

U. All equipment loads and cables shall be prohibited from touching the rails.

V. All cranes and boom equipment shall be turned away from the track and secured to prevent movement after each work day or whenever unattended by an operator.

GI-8 Construction Procedures

A. The CONTRACTOR shall plan his work, in coordination with COMPANY supervision or the ENGINEER, so as to complete this project as quickly as possible without interference to other contractors or to the COMPANY's operations. The CONTRACTOR shall provide method of construction, including sequence and detail, when requested by the ENGINEER.

B. The CONTRACTOR shall provide the ENGINEER with an advance daily report of his planned area of operation, his proposed actions and his hours of operation for that day. Any changes to the report shall be made to the ENGINEER.

C. The COMPANY shall provide copies of any permits issued by federal, state, or local regulatory agencies for any of the Work. Typically these permits pertain to erosion and sediment control, at-grade rail grade crossings, crossings of waterways, and the use of government owned land. The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for complying with these permits and will keep a copy at the jobsite during construction.

D. The CONTRACTOR shall procure, at its expense and in a timely manner, all permits, licenses, surveys, inspections, certificates and authorizations, of any description, that may be necessary for the performance and completion of the Work as required by the Contract. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish the ENGINEER all certificates of inspection for any part of the work for which a certificate is required.

E. The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for obtaining and maintaining any necessary permits from the state, city, and county for working within the right of way of roads. These

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F. The CONTRACTOR is responsible for the ingress and egress of its plant, equipment, materials and labor to and from the construction site(s) in accordance with the following:

1. No movement that may endanger the safe normal COMPANY operations shall be made without the approval of the ENGINEER as to route and time of use.

2. No movement of the CONTRACTOR's plant, equipment, materials and labor to and from the construction site shall be made without the approval of the ENGINEER.

3. COMPANY regulations concerning the movement of vehicles on COMPANY property shall be followed by the CONTRACTOR, its subcontractors, and all of their respective personnel, including, without limitation, weight restrictions for roadways.

4. Use of access routes shall not cause the fouling of turnouts, flangeways, equipment, and drainage facilities with gravel, mud, waste materials, or timbers used for crossing tracks.

Such routes shall be planned in such a way to minimize risk of damage to COMPANY facilities and must be approved by the ENGINEER.

5. Grade crossings:

a. The CONTRACTOR shall, if necessary, construct at its own expense any new grade crossings or improve existing grade crossings to permit the safe passage of material, equipment and personnel.

b. Crossings shall be constructed and used only at times approved by the ENGINEER.

c. The CONTRACTOR, at its own expense, shall remove any new crossings upon completion of the project. The Work will not be considered complete until such removal work is accomplished.

d. CONTRACTOR may be required to execute the COMPANY's standard private grade crossing agreement for each crossing installed. Crossings used for construction activities and within the project area do not require a grade crossing agreement.

G. Any costs incurred by the COMPANY for repairing damaged track or other facilities resulting from the operations of the CONTRACTOR shall be paid by the CONTRACTOR to the COMPANY.

H. The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for delivery of COMPANY furnished materials to the job site from location(s) designated by the COMPANY. Work shall include unloading of materials furnished in rail cars. The CONTRACTOR shall count material and verify the count with the ENGINEER and accept responsibility for such material. The CONTRACTOR shall clean debris and trash out of cars and dispose of waste off-site in approved landfills and in accordance with appropriate laws and regulations.

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I. No material to be furnished by the CONTRACTOR shall be ordered until approved by the

ENGINEER.

J. Public and private roads are to be kept open to traffic at all times or as required by authorities exercising control over the roads. Any damage to roads, including public or private property occurring by reason of the operations or activities of CONTRACTOR or any of its subcontractors, shall be repaired and at the expense of the CONTRACTOR.

K. The CONTRACTOR shall perform the Work within the property of the COMPANY. The CONTRACTOR shall not encroach upon property of others with construction of railroad facilities. The CONTRACTOR shall make no claims on the COMPANY for delays or work stoppage due to any public or private action resulting from CONTRACTOR's operation on public or other private property.

L. The CONTRACTOR shall provide and maintain, at its expense, any barricades, signs, warning devices or flagmen to restrict access of the public to the construction site, as may be necessary for safe operations as the ENGINEER deems necessary.

M. No part of crane, boom equipment or the load, conductive equipment, or a person shall be permitted to come within 15 feet of electric power lines unless the lines have been de-energized. When it becomes necessary to work with such equipment closer than 15 feet, CONTRACTOR must contact the appropriate utility COMPANY or utility notification center to make arrangements to de-energize the line or provide other means of protection.

N. The CONTRACTOR shall be held responsible for protection of any portion of the project and for all materials and equipment used in construction, until project is completed by the CONTRACTOR and accepted by the COMPANY. Portions of the Work completed by the CONTRACTOR may be approved and accepted by the COMPANY if the use of such Work for its intended purpose is independent from the remainder of the project, is available for use by the COMPANY, and the COMPANY has need for that portion of the Work independent of the project. Such partial approval shall be solely at the discretion of the COMPANY.

O. If a Critical-Path-Method (CPM) chart is prepared, the CONTRACTOR shall progress the project in the manner set forth in the CPM chart. If the CONTRACTOR's work becomes behind CPM schedule, it shall take appropriate steps to meet and maintain the established schedule of construction.

P. The CONTRACTOR shall periodically clean the construction site of all waste, rubbish, and unused construction materials. The removal and disposal of waste and debris shall be the responsibility of the CONTRACTOR. Unused construction materials shall be stockpiled in an orderly fashion. The CONTRACTOR shall sweep pavement for construction debris as directed by the ENGINEER. No extra payment will be made for sweeping pavement.

Q. Upon completion of the project, all unused construction material, scrap, asphalt and other construction and demolition debris, rubbish, etc., shall be removed from the site by the CONTRACTOR and the same shall be disposed of by the CONTRACTOR as required by applicable laws and regulations, all at the expense of the CONTRACTOR. The Work will not be considered complete until such removal is accomplished.

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GI-9 Field Offices

A. If required on the project Plans and Bid Documents, CONTRACTOR shall provide and maintain a separate field office for the use of the ENGINEER. All installation, operation, removal, utility, and other costs associated with the field office shall be covered by the CONTRACTOR. No separate payment will be made for field offices.

B. Field offices shall be removed upon the completion and acceptance of the Work. Field office shall remain the property of the CONTRACTOR, and no payment shall be made for removal of the field office.

C. Field offices shall remain on-site and fully functional, including all utility connections, until full project completion and acceptance. This includes time periods after completion of the CONTRACTOR’s work while separate contractors and/or COMPANY forces are still performing trackwork or other activities.

D. Field office locations shall be approved by the ENGINEER.

E. Unless otherwise noted, field offices shall conform to the following layout requirements:

1. Minimum size: 400 square feet.

2. Layout: Two offices and one conference room.

3. Minimum interior height: 7.5 feet

4. Minimum width: 8.0 feet

5. Minimum room size: 64 square feet

F. CONTRACTOR shall provide and maintain the following utility services:

1. Oil, gas, or electric heating.

2. Air conditioning.

3. Sanitary services.

4. Potable water.

5. Janitorial/trash service.

G. CONTRACTOR shall provide and maintain the following furniture or appliances:

1. First aid kit.

2. Fire extinguisher.

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3. One desk per room. Desks shall include overhead and underdesk cabinets and formica tops.

4. Drafting table.

5. One plan cabinet.

6. All-in-one copier (copy, print, fax, scan).

7. Four-drawer fire-resistant file cabinet.

8. Four-drawer file cabinet.

9. Two folding tables with 12-foot total length.

10. Fourteen chairs.

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Section AB – Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Definitions

AB-1 Typical Abbreviations and Acronyms

AAMA: American Architectural Manufacturers Association

AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

AC: Acres

ACI: American Concrete Institute

AGS: Automatic Gate System

API: American Petroleum Institute

ANSI: American National Standards Institute

AREMA: American Railway Engineering and Maintenance Association

ASA: American Supply Association

ASME: American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASP: Aluminized Steel Pipe

ASSE: American Society of Sanitary Engineering

ASTM: American Society of Testing and Materials

AWS: American Welding Society

AWWA: American Water Works Association

BCCMP: Bituminous coated corrugated metal pipe

BMP: Best Management Practice

CAP: Corrugated Aluminum Pipe

CISPI: Cast Iron Soil Pipe Institute

CL or C/L: Centerline

COFC: Container on Flat Car

CP: Control Point (Surveying) or Control Point (RR Signals)

CPM: Critical-Path-Method

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CSA: Canadian Specification Association

CSD: Corrugated Slotted Drain

CWR: Continuous Welded Rail

CY: Cubic yards

D&D: Demolition & Disposal

DGA: Dense graded aggregate

DI: Ductile Iron

EA: Each

EPA: Environmental Protection Agency

F&I: Furnish & Install

FI&M: Furnish, Install, & Maintain

FIM&R: Furnish, Install, Maintain, & Remove

FS: Federal Standard

FRA: Federal Railroad Administration

FRSA: Federal Railway Safety Act

FS: Federal Standard

GA: Graded Aggregate

Ga.: Gauge

GAL: Gallons

HDPE: High Density Polyethylene Pipe

ICCTA: Interstate Commerce Commission Termination Act

IMF: Intermodal Facility

LF: Linear Foot (Measured Planimetrically)

LS: Lump Sum

MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheet

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MSS: Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valves and Fitting Ind., Inc.

NAPCA: National Association of Pipe Coating Applicators

NEC: National Electrical Code

NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association

NFPA: Nation Fire Protection Association

NSR: Norfolk Southern Railway

NG: Point of No Gage (PI of a turnout)

OD: Outside Diameter

OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Federal)

P&P: Payment & Performance Bond

PCC: Portland Cement Concrete

PCSP: Polymer Coated Steel Pipe

PS: Point of Switch

PF: Point of Frog

PVC: Polyvinyl Chloride

RCP: Reinforced Concrete Pipe

RCC: Roller Compacted Concrete

SDR: Standard Dimension Ratio (Ratio of pipe diameter to wall thickness)

SRPE: Steel-Reinforced Polyethylene Pipe

SY: Square Yards

TEFC: Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TF: Track Foot

TOR or T/R: Top of Rail

TOFC: Trailer on Flat Car

UL: Underwriters Laboratory

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AB-2 Typical Definitions

Aggregate

The aggregate material, such as sand, gravel, or broken stone or combination thereof, with which cement or bituminous materials is mixed to form a mortar or concrete. “Fine aggregate” may be considered as the material that will pass a ¼ inch screen. “Coarse aggregate” is the material that will not pass a ¼ inch screen.

Backfill

The material used to refill a ditch or other excavation, or the process of doing so.

Ballast

Rock or gravel meeting NSR specifications used to support cross ties and rails and to aid in holding the desired track geometry.

Bank

The sides of a channel between which the flow is normally confined.

Bedding Layer

The layer of earth or other type material on which a pipe or conduit is supported.

Channel

The bed and banks that confine the surface flow of a stream.

Continuous Welded Rail (CWR)

Traditionally, track was laid in lengths of 39’ with a joint between each to allow for expansion and contraction due to heat and cold. Joints were points of high maintenance.

Continuous Welded Rail typically consists of 1,440 feet in length and joints between them are eliminated by in-place welding using portable equipment. Without joints, expansion and contraction can result in buckling in high temperatures and breaking in cold conditions.

Crib

The space between adjacent ties.

Cross Tie

The transverse member of the track structure to which the rails are spiked or otherwise fastened to provide proper gage and to cushion, distribute and transmit the stresses of traffic through the ballast to the roadbed.

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Crosslevel

The vertical relationship between two rails on the same track. Where both rail treads are of equal elevation, the track is considered having zero cross level at that point.

Curvature

The angle subtended at the center of a curve by a 100 foot chord.

Deflection

The amount of downward vertical movement of a surface due to the application of a load to the surface.

Dense Graded Aggregate

A continuous grading from a designated maximum size to dust to provide maximum density after compaction.

Density

Mass per unit volume, can be expressed as unit weight per cubic foot (excluding water) as measure of the degree of compaction.

Depth (Ballast)

The distance from the bottom of the tie to the top of the subballast.

Derail

Derails are mechanical devices in the track that intentionally derail a car or train. The idea behind a derail is that it is often better to derail a car rather than to have it continue on the track and cause more damage to life or property. Typically derails are used to prevent trains from running through an open bridge, or are set as a safety measure to protect workers or other trains.

Discharge

Volume of water passing through a channel during a given time.

Embankment

A mass of soil, rock or other type material constructed above the natural ground surface.

Erosion

Displacement of soil particles due to water or wind action.

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Filter Fabric (cloth)

Geosynthetic fabric that serves as a filter.

Fine Graded Aggregate

Mineral aggregates which will pass a No. 4 mesh screen and be retained on No. 200 screen.

Frog

A track structure used at the intersection of two running rails to provide support for wheels and passageways for their flanges, thus permitting wheels on either rail to cross the other.

Gage (of Track)

The distance between the rails, measured at right angles thereto 5/8 inches below the top of the rail. (Standard gage is 4 feet 8-1/2 inches or 56-1/2 inches.)

Graded Aggregate

A term describing mineral aggregate in which there is a continuous grading in the sizes of mineral fragments from coarse to fine, the coarse sizes being may times the diameter of the finer sands.

Invert

The lowest point in the channel cross section or at flow control devices such a weirs, culverts or dams.

Impervious

Material of low permeability, generally resisting entrance of liquids.

Joint, Rail

Joint Bar, also known as an Angle Bar – A fastening designed to unite the abutting ends of rail.

Liquid Limit (LL)

The moisture content at which soils change from a plastic state to a liquid state.

Open Graded Aggregate

Aggregate graded to a narrow size range with few, if any, fines designed to provide rapid internal discharge.

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Pandrol Clip

Where used, a “G” shaped piece of metal used to attach the rail to the crosstie with a specified type of tie plate.

Panel Track

Sometimes when new track is needed, track is assembled on ties at another location and transported to the work site. The panel pieces are then set into place and bolted together.

Plastic Limit (PL)

The moisture content at which a soil changes from a semi-solid state to a plastic state.

Plasticity

The property of a soil or rock which allows it to be deformed beyond the point of recovery.

Plasticity Index

The numerical difference between the liquid limit and the plastic limit.

Plug, Tie

Rectangular sections of wood, somewhat like spikes, for driving into holes from which spikes have been withdrawn.

Profile

A line representing the ground surface or an established grade line, or both, in relation to the horizontal. The top of rail geometric position of a track expressed over its length.

Rail (Track)

A rolled steel shape, commonly a T-section, designed to be laid end to end in two parallel lines on crossties or other suitable supports to form a track for railway rolling stock. It has three main parts:

i. The head that comes into contact with car wheels.

ii. The web, which is the thinner, middle part of the rail; and

iii. The base

Rail Anchors

Rail anchors are fastening devices that put contact pressure on the rail to keep it stationary. Rail anchors are used with CWR to prevent longitudinal movement due to

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January 2019 Div. I – General: Section AB Page 8 of 9 thermal expansion or train movement.

Rail Clip

A rail fastener component that provides rail rotational resistance about the longitudinal axis of the rail.

Rail Fastener

Any system of components which fasten a railroad rail to a cross tie or to a support base.

Rail Seat

The area of the tie plate or resilient fastener that supports the rail.

Riprap

Layer or facing of rock or broken concrete dumped or placed to protect a structure or embankment from erosion; also the rock or broken concrete suitable for use. Riprap has also been applied to almost all kinds of armor, including wire-enclosed riprap, grouted riprap, sacked concrete and concrete slabs.

Runoff

The portion of precipitation that does not soak into the ground, but flows on the surface as either sheet flow, shallow flow, or stormwater flow through drainage structures or channels.

Shoulder of Track

The outside portion of the track comprised of the ballast. The width of the shoulder is usually expressed as the level top portion of the ballast up to the point where it begins to slope down.

Spike

Square steel rods, with a tapered end and off-set head, used for attaching the rail to the crosstie.

Subballast

Any material of a superior character meeting NSR standards, which is spread on the finished subgrade of the roadbed and below the top ballast, to promote stormwater runoff, prevent upheaval by frost, and better distribute the load over the roadbed.

Subgrade

The top, finished surface of a roadbed directly below the planned pavement, subballast, or dense graded aggregate course.

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January 2019 Div. I – General: Section AB Page 9 of 9

Superelevation

As a train goes around a curve, the cars tend to tip towards the outside of the curve, especially with tall and top-heavy loads. To compensate, the outside rail is raised or superelevated to force the load back toward the inside of the curve. The amount of superelevation is determined by the degree of the curve and the intended train speed.

Switch

A track structure used to divert rolling stock from one track to another.

Switch Tie

The transverse member of the track structure which is longer than but functions as does the cross tie and in addition supports a crossover or turnout.

Tangent

Any straight portion of a railway alignment.

Tie

The lateral connection that supports the two rails in a track structure (typically wood or steel).

Tie Plate

A part of the track structure placed under the rail to distribute the wheel to the tie, cant the rail to the desired angle, assist in maintaining the track to gage and protect the tie.

The tie plate has a rail seat, either flat or canted, either a single or double shoulder parallel to the rail it supports, and is punched with holes for spikes or other fasteners.

The bottom of the tie plate is usually flat, but ribbed or other designs may be used.

Turnout

An arrangement of a switch and a frog with closure rails, by means of which rolling stock may be diverted from one track to another.

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January 2019 Div. I – General: Section BM Page 1 of 2

Section BM – Surveying Monuments

BM-1 Description

Work involves installation of permanent survey monuments at locations designated by the COMPANY or the ENGINEER.

BM-2 Material

A. Concrete shall meet local State specifications for general-purpose concrete with a minimum strength of 3,000 psi. Only concrete with Type I, IA, III, or IIIA Portland cement may be used for the monument. The use of pre-mixed bagged concrete products will be allowed only with approval of the ENGINEER.

B. Rebar shall be intermediate grade, new deformed billet steel. Rebar shall be free from dirt, paint, oil, grease, thick rust, and other foreign substances. Rebar shall be No. 4 or greater.

C. Survey disks shall be anchored into concrete foundations using anchoring cement, grout, or epoxy cement intended for use in exterior applications. Material shall have non-shrink properties and be intended for use in anchoring bolts. Epoxy cement shall be resistant to ultraviolet degradation and hold up to all weather conditions.

D. Witness post shall be orange and 5 feet in length.

E. Survey disks shall be supplied by the COMPANY.

BM-3 Installation

A. Requirements for survey disks set in new concrete:

1. The top of the monument shall be constructed as close to natural or finished ground as possible. Should field conditions warrant, monuments may be placed with top elevations a maximum of 6 inches above ground. Circular forms must be used for monuments protruding above the ground.

2. A 12-inch diameter circular hole shall be dug by hand or hand-operated powered augur.

The hole shall be dug to at least 1 foot below the frost line, but must be a minimum of 4 feet deep. The bottom of the hole shall be enlarged 2 inches in radius by hand-tamping to create a bell shape for the bottom 1 foot of the hole.

3. Rebar is to be carefully placed in the concrete to avoid creating voids and coming into contract with the ground.

4. Concrete is to be carefully placed to avoid disturbing the sidewall of the hole and contaminating the concrete.

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January 2019 Div. I – General: Section BM Page 2 of 2

5. Survey disks shall be set in the center of the concrete monument. CONTRACTOR should ensure that the disk is securely set and that the concrete is firmly tamped.

6. The top of the concrete shall be smoothed and tapered slightly away from the survey disk.

7. Concrete shall be protected during curing per section SC – Structural Concrete.

B. Survey disks set in existing concrete:

1. CONTRACTOR shall ensure concrete is sound and stable with no visible cracks.

2. Drill hole to the width and depth required to install survey disk. Clean hole of debris and recess the area around the hole so that survey disks sits flush with the adjacent pavement.

3. Wet hole before anchoring survey disks with anchoring cement or non-shrink grout.

Hole should remain dry if using epoxy cement. Follow manufacturer’s instructions regarding temperature considerations.

4. Ensure disk is clean before setting. Place disk firmly into hole and rotate as needed to provide a proper bond. Work anchoring material around the edges of the disk, and remove excess material. Clean face of disk.

5. Protect disk from weather until fastener has cured.

6. Wherever practical, place witness post to protect monument.

BM-4 Measurement and Payment

A. Monuments shall be measured per each monument installed.

B. Payment shall be made per the Contract bid price per monument. Price shall include all labor, equipment, materials not furnished by the COMPANY, witness posts, and other incidentals required to complete the work.

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January 2019 Division II: Site Work Page 1 of 1

Division II: Site Work

Section CG – Clearing and Grubbing

Section DM – Demolition

Section DR - Drainage

Section EF – Engineering Fabric and Geogrids

Section ES – Erosion and Sediment Control

Section GR – Grading

Section GW – Gabion Walls

Section SM – Seeding & Mulching

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January 2019 Div. II – Site Work: Section CG Page 1 of 7

Section CG – Clearing and Grubbing

CG-1 Description

The Work shall consist of clearing, grubbing, removing and disposing of all vegetation and debris, such as disconnected utility poles, drainage systems, including catch basins and manholes, or retaining walls that are within the limits of clearing, except objects as designated to remain or are to be removed in accordance with other sections of these Specifications. This work shall also include the preservation and protection of all vegetation and objects shown on the plans or as designated by the ENGINEER to remain.

The ENGINEER shall establish the clearing and grubbing limits.

CG-2 General Conditions

A. CONTRACTOR shall perform his work in full compliance with all federal, state and local statutes, laws, ordinances, regulations, rules and codes.

B. Before the clearing operation begins, the CONTRACTOR shall install temporary and permanent erosion and sediment control measures as shown on the plans or as directed by the ENGINEER in accordance with Section ES - Erosion and Sediment Control of these Specifications.

C. All stumps, roots, organic material, logs and other obstructions shall be grubbed and removed prior to grading operations.

D. Overburden stripped from cut and fill areas that is not suitable for fill construction but shall be disposed of off-site by the CONTRACTOR unless otherwise directed by the ENGINEER.

E. Materials from clearing may be used as brush barriers for erosion and sediment control as directed by the ENGINEER and in accordance with Section ES - Erosion and Sediment Control of these Specifications.

F. The use of explosives shall be prohibited.

G. Buildings, building components and appurtenances, septic tanks and other miscellaneous structures shall be demolished, removed and disposed of in accordance with Section DM - Demolition of these Specifications.

H. Water wells shall be abandoned in place in accordance with Section DM - Demolition of these Specifications.

I. All disconnected underground utilities found in excavated areas shall be removed and disposed of off-site by the CONTRACTOR.

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January 2019 Div. II – Site Work: Section CG Page 2 of 7

CG-3 Construction Fence

A. The CONTRACTOR shall install a protective construction fence around trees to remain and other protected areas shown on plans. The barrier shall be maintained until completion of the project at which time it shall be removed and disposed of by the CONTRACTOR.

B. Materials:

1. Construction fence fabric:

a. Material: Polyethylene

b. Color: OSHA Orange

c. Roll Width: 48” (+/- 0.5”)

d. Aperture Size: MD x TD - 3.75” x 1.75” (+/- 0.25”)

e. Rib Thickness: MD & TD: 1/8” (+/- 1/16”)

f. Unit Tensile Strength: MD – 100.33 N/strand / TD – 123.33 N/strand

g. UV Resistance: 2 year exposure resistance

h. Elongation at Break: +50%

i. Min. Temperature: -85°F

j. Max. Temperature: 195°F

2. Fence posts:

a. Construction fence shall be supported every eight (8) feet on center with sixty-inch metal posts.

b. Posts shall be constructed of high-carbon steel with a flanged leg section or flanged leg U-bar section. Post material thickness shall be not less than 1/8 inch, and shall not weigh less than 2 pounds per linear foot. Posts shall be galvanized and painted OSHA orange.

c. Posts shall extend twelve (12) inches below grade.

3. Fence material shall be attached to post with at least five (5) wire ties. Wire ties shall be not less than 12.5 gauge.

C. The construction fence shall be at least four (4) feet high and be placed at least six (6) feet away from the base of any tree to remain. Fifty percent of the area under the dripline shall be included within the temporary barrier.

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January 2019 Div. II – Site Work: Section CG Page 3 of 7

D. The CONTRACTOR shall not disturb the ground within six (6) feet of the base of trees located outside of the clearing limits and meeting the diameter requirements (for trees to remain) shown on the plans or as specified by the ENGINEER.

E. No materials, trailers, equipment, or chemicals shall be stored within the protective area for trees.

CG-4 Pavement, Curb and Sidewalk Removal

A. The CONTRACTOR shall remove existing concrete or asphalt pavement, concrete sidewalks and concrete or asphalt curbs shown to be removed on the plans or as directed by the

ENGINEER.

B. Thickness of the pavement, sidewalks or curbs to be removed may vary and the CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for predetermining the actual thickness.

C. When portions of existing pavement, sidewalk or curbs are to remain in place, the CONTRACTOR shall remove only precut sections. The CONTRACTOR shall use caution during removal to prevent jagged or torn edges on remaining pavement, sidewalk or curb.

Should jagged or torn edges occur during removal, the CONTRACTOR shall correct the condition by removing and replacing the damaged areas at no expense to the COMPANY.

D. If approved by the ENGINEER, and state or local ordinances, the CONTRACTOR may break removed concrete into 50 pound pieces for use as rip-rap. Reinforcing steel if present shall not protrude from pieces. No separate payment will be made for use of concrete as rip-rap.

CG-5 Drainage Removal and Abandonment

A. The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for removing/abandoning existing culvert pipes or drainage structures as shown on the plans or as directed by the ENGINEER.

B. Drainage Pipe or Structure Removal:

1. Pipes, catch basins and manholes designated for removal shall be completely removed by open trenching.

2. The removed drainage materials shall become the property of the CONTRACTOR, shall be removed from the COMPANY's right of way, and shall be properly disposed in accordance with Section GI – General Instructions and applicable government regulations.

3. The cavity left from removing pipes, catch basins and manholes shall be backfilled in accordance with Section GR - Grading of this Specification.

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January 2019 Div. II – Site Work: Section CG Page 4 of 7

C. Drainage Pipe or Structure Abandonment:

1. Pipes taken out of service but which shall remain in the ground will have a concrete plug inserted at both ends to seal the pipe. The CONTRACTOR is responsible for sealing both ends of the pipe even if one end is not identified on the plans.

2. Any pipe taken out of service and remaining in the ground beneath a paved surface or track shall be filled to refusal, as determined by the ENGINEER, with a cement grout.

3. Concrete for plugging pipes shall have a minimum strength of 3,000 psi after 28 days.

4. Grout mix for filling pipes shall consist of one part Type 1 Portland cement conforming to AASHTO M 85, three (3)…