Attachment_1_Big_Meadows_Trail_Bridge_and_Boardwalk_Specification.pdf

Big Meadows Trail Bridge and Boardwalk Specification

Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway

Projects FP-03

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.01 Meaning of Terms

101.03 Abbreviations

101.04 Definitions

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

103 - Scope of Work

Deletions

104 - Control of Work

Deletions

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

105 - Control of Material

105.02 Material Sources

105.02(a) Government-provided sources

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07 Delete

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties

107.10 Environmental Protection

107.02 Protection and Restoration of Property and Landscape

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108 Delete

109 - Measurement and Payment

109 Deletions

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions

151 - Mobilization

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155 Delete

201 - Clearing and Grubbing

201.01 Description

201.04 Clearing. (c)

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.01 Description

203.04 Removing Material

203.05 Disposing of Material

203.05 Disposing of Material

208 - Structure Excavation and Backfill for Selected Major Structures

208.04 General

552 - Structural Concrete

Table 552-3 Required Average Compressive Strength

554 - Reinforcing Steel

557 - Timber Structures

571 - Prefabricated Bridges

718 - Traffic Signing and Marking Material

718.05 Aluminum Panels

Preface

Preface_wo_03_15_2004_m

Delete all but the first paragraph and add the following:

The Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture has adopted FP-03 for construction of

National Forest System Roads.

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.01_nat_us_01_22_2009

101.01 Meaning of Terms

Delete all references to the TAR (Transportation Acquisition Regulations) in the specifications.

101.03_nat_us_06_16_2006

101.03 Abbreviations.

Add the following to (a) Acronyms:

AFPA

MSHA

NIST

NESC

WCLIB

American Forest and Paper Association

Mine Safety and Health Administration

National Institute of Standards and Technology

National Electrical Safety Code

West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau

Add the following to (b) SI symbols:

mp Milepost ppm Part Per Million

101.04_nat_us_03_29_2007

101.04 Definitions.

Delete the following definitions and substitute the following:

Bid Schedule--The Schedule of Items.

Bridge--No definition.

http://www.nist.gov/

Contractor--The individual or legal entity contracting with the Government for performance of prescribed work. In a timber sale contract, the contractor is the “purchaser”.

Culvert--No definition.

Right-of-Way--A general term denoting (1) the privilege to pass over land in some particular line (including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) Real property necessary for the project, including roadway, buffer areas, access, and drainage areas.

Add the following:

Adjustment in Contract Price--“Equitable adjustment,” as used in the Federal Acquisition

Regulations, or “construction cost adjustment,” as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Change--“Change” means “change order” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or

“design change” as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Design Quantity--“Design quantity” is a Forest Service method of measurement from the FS-96

Forest Service Specifications for the Construction of Roads and Bridges. Under these FP specifications this term is replaced by the term “Contract Quantities”.

Forest Service--The United States of America, acting through the Forest Service, U.S.

Department of Agriculture.

Neat Line--A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excavation or structure.

Pioneer Road--Temporary construction access built along the route of the project.

Purchaser--The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation contracting with the

Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and acting independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Protected Streamcourse--A drainage shown on the plans or timber sale area map that requires designated mitigation measures.

Road Order--An order affecting and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdiction. Road Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authorities of 36

CFR, part 260.

Schedule of Items--A schedule in the contract that contains a listing and description of construction items, quantities, units of measure, unit price, and amount.

Utilization Standards--The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in the specifications to determine merchantable timber.

Add Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms:

Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms.

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

Delete Section 102 in its entirety.

103 - Scope of Work

103.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

Deletions

Delete all but subsection 103.01 Intent of Contract.

104 - Control of Work

104.00_nat_us_06_16_2006

Deletions

Delete Sections 104.01, 104.02, and 104.04.

104.06_nat_us_02_17_2005

Add the following subsection:

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service for all activities necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limitations and authorizations designated in the Road Order(s) or described in the contract, when such use will not damage the roads or national forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

105 - Control of Material

105.02_nat_us_01_18_2007

105.02 Material Sources.

105.02(a) Government-provided sources.

Comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 56, subparts B and H. Use all suitable material for aggregate regardless of size unless otherwise designated. When required, re-establish vegetation in disturbed areas according to section 625.

105.05_nat_us_05_12_2004

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

Delete 105.05 (a) and (b) and the last sentence of the second paragraph and substitute the following:

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quantities required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. The Government is not obligated to make reimbursement for the cost of producing these materials.

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07_nat_us_05_11_2004

106.07 Delete

Delete subsection 106.07.

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05_nat_us_05_11_2004

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.06_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work.

Delete the following from the first paragraph.

“except as provided in Subsection 106.07”.

107.09_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.10_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.10 Environmental Protection.

Add the following:

Design and locate equipment repair shops, stationary refueling sites, or other facilities to minimize the potential and impacts of hazardous material spills on Government land.

Before beginning any work, submit a Hazardous Spill Plan. List actions to be taken in the event of a spill. Incorporate preventive measures to be taken, such as the location of mobile refueling facilities, storage and handling of hazardous materials, and similar information. Immediately notify the CO of all hazardous material spills. Provide a written narrative report form no later than 24 hours after the initial report and include the following:

Description of the item spilled (including identity, quantity, manifest number, and other identifying information).

Whether amount spilled is EPA or state reportable, and if so whether it was reported, and to whom.

Exact time and location of spill including a description of the area involved.

Containment procedures.

Summary of any communications the Contractor had with news media, Federal, state and local regulatory agencies and officials, or Forest Service officials.

Description of clean-up procedures employed or to be employed at the site including final disposition and disposal location of spill residue.

When available provide copies of all spill related clean up and closure documentation and correspondence from regulatory agencies.

The Contractor is solely responsible for all spills or leaks that occur during the performance of this contract. Clean up spills or leaks to the satisfaction of the CO and in a manner that complies with Federal, state, and local laws and regulations.

107.10_05_us_05_04_2007

107.02 Protection and Restoration of Property and Landscape

Meet the requirements chapters 10, 11, and 12.2 in their entirety of “Water Quality Management for National Forest System Lands in California Best Management Practices” dated September

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

108 Delete.

Delete Section 108 in its entirety.

109 - Measurement and Payment

109.00_nat_us_02_17_2005

109 Deletions

Delete the following entire subsections:

109.06 Pricing of Adjustments.

109.07 Eliminated Work.

109.08 Progress Payments.

109.09 Final Payment.

109.02_nat_us_06_16_2006

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions.

(b) Contract quantity.

Add the following:

Contract quantities will be adjusted only when there are errors in the original design of 15% or more.

Change the following:

“(b) Cubic yard” to “(c) Cubic yard”.

Add the following definition:

(p) Thousand Board Feet (Mbf). 1,000 board feet based on nominal widths, thickness, and extreme usable length of each piece of lumber or timber actually incorporated in the job. For glued laminated timber, 1,000 board feet based on actual width, thickness, and length of each piece actually incorporated in the job.

151 - Mobilization

151.03_nat_us_08_05_2005

151.03 Payment

Delete the entire subsection and add the following:

151.03 Payment

Mobilization is considered an indirect cost of this contract and will not be compensated as a separate work item.

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155.00_nat_us_05_11_2004

155 Delete.

Delete Section 155 in its entirety.

201 - Clearing and Grubbing

201.01_nat_us_02_18_2005

201.01 Description

Replace with the following

This work consists of clearing and grubbing within clearing limits and other designated areas.

201.04_nat_us_02_22_2005

201.04 Clearing. (c)

Delete paragraph (c) and replace with the following:

(c) In areas outside the excavation, embankment, and slope rounding limits, cut stumps to within 12 inches or one-third of the stump diameter of the ground, whichever is higher, measured on the side adjacent to the highest ground. For timber sales, stump heights will meet the requirements of the Timber Sale contract.

201.04 Clearing.

Delete subsection (d) and replace with the following:

(d) Do not cut vegetation less than 3 feet tall and less than 3 inches in diameter, that is within the clearing limits but beyond the roadway and not in a decking area, and that does not interfere with sight distance along the road.

Add the following:

(e) Trim branches of remaining trees or shrubs to give a clear height of 14 feet above the roadbed unless otherwise indicated. Trim tree limbs as near flush with the trunk as practicable.

(f) Remove brush from log decks. Deck logs so that logs are piled parallel to one another; can be removed by standard log loading equipment; will not damage standing trees; will not interfere with drainage, and will not roll. Keep logs in log decks free of brush and soil.

201.06_nat_us_11_09_2005

201.06 Disposal

Delete the first sentence of this paragraph and substitute the following:

Limb and deck logs that meet utilization standards at locations approved by the CO or otherwise designated. Deck logs according to 201.04 (f).

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.01_nat_us_02_25_2005

203.01 Description.

Delete and replace with the following:

This work consists of disposing of construction slash and debris, salvaging, removing, and disposing of buildings, fences, structures, pavements, culverts, utilities, curbs, sidewalks, and other obstructions.

203.04_nat_us_02_18_2005

203.04 Removing Material.

Replace the fourth and fifth paragraphs with the following:

Where part of an existing culvert is removed, remove the entire culvert upstream from the removal. The remaining downstream culvert may be left in place if no portion of the culvert is within 12 inches of the subgrade, embankment slope, or new culvert or structure; and the culvert ends are sealed with concrete.

Remove structures and obstructions in the roadbed to 12 inches below subgrade elevation.

Remove structures and obstructions outside the roadbed to 12 inches below finished ground or to the natural stream bottom.

203.05_nat_us_02_24_2005

203.05 Disposing of Material.

Add the following:

(e): Scattering. Scatter pieces of wood less than 3 inches in diameter and 3 feet in length within the clearing limits. Do not place construction slash in lakes, meadows, streams, or streambeds.

Immediately remove construction slash that interferes with drainage structures.

203.05_nat_us_02_18_2005

203.05 Disposing of Material.

Add the following:

(e) Windrowing Construction Slash. Place construction slash outside the roadway in neat, compacted windrows approximately parallel to and along the toeline of embankment slopes. Do not permit the top of the windrows to extend above subgrade. Use construction equipment to matt down all material in a windrow to form a compact and uniform pile. Construct breaks of at least 15 feet at least every 200 feet in a windrow. Do not place windrows against trees. Obtain approval for pioneer roads. A pioneer road may be constructed to provide an area for placement of windrows, provided the excavated material is kept within the clearing limits and does not adversely affect the road construction.

(f) Scattering. Scatter construction slash outside the clearing limits without damaging trees.

Limb all logs. Place logs and stumps away from trees, positioned so they will not roll, and are not on top of one another. Limb and scatter other construction slash to reduce slash concentrations.

(g) Chipping or Grinding. Use an approved chipping machine to grind slash and stumps greater than 3 inches in diameter and longer than 3 feet. Deposit chips or ground woody material on embankment slopes or outside the roadway to a loose depth less than 6 inches. Minor amounts of chips or ground woody material may be permitted within the roadway if they are thoroughly mixed with soil and do not form a layer.

(h) Debris Mat. Use tree limbs, tops, cull logs, split stumps, wood chunks, and other debris to form a mat upon which construction equipment is operated. Place stumps upside down and blend stumps into the mat.

(i) Decking Firewood Material. Remove brush from decks. Limb and deck logs that do not meet Utilization Standards according to Subsection 201.04 as directed by the CO. Cut logs to lengths less than 30 feet. Ensure that logs stacks are stable and free of brush and soil.

(j) Removal to designated locations. Remove construction slash to designated locations.

(k) Piling. Pile construction slash in designated areas. Place and construct piles so that if the piles are burned, the burning will not damage remaining trees. Keep piles free of dirt from stumps. Cut unmerchantable logs into lengths of less than 20 feet.

(l) Placing Slash on Embankment Slopes. Place construction slash on completed embankment slopes to reduce soil erosion. Place construction slash as flat as practicable on the completed slope. Do not place slash closer than 2 feet below subgrade. Priority for use of available slash is for: (1) through fills; (2) insides of curves; and (3) ditch relief outlets.

(m) Hydrological Sensitive Placement. Where required use this method in combination with other designated methods to dispose of material to reduce erosion and to aid in re-vegetation:

1. Place windrow segments on contours, wrap in type I geotextile.

2. Place logs as log erosion barriers on contours. Place logs so that 80% of their length is on the ground surface.

3. Scatter slash on bare or disturbed areas within or outside the clearing limits as directed.

4. Scatter chips or ground woody material on bare or disturbed areas within or outside the clearing limits as directed.

Place stumps in swales or on sites to form planting pockets. Place windrow segments on contours, wrap in type I geotextile.

203.08_nat_us_02_24_2005

203.08 Payment

Add the following:

Disposal of construction slash will be compensated under the designated pay item in Section

201.

208 - Structure Excavation and Backfill for Selected Major Structures

208.04_nat_us_08_05_2009

Construction Requirements

208.04 General.

Add the following to the end of the second sentence of the third paragraph:

"... to the CO a minimum of 5 days prior to beginning excavation work."

Add the following to the end of the third sentence of the third paragraph:

"...to the CO a minimum of 15 days prior to installation."

208.09 Foundation Preparation.

Add the following after the first paragraph:

The foundation elevation is defined as the bottom of footings, for spread footing placement; the bottom of the pile cap, for construction of pile foundations; and the toe of the wall, for construction of retaining walls, except wingwalls at bridges.

Replace all material from any over-excavation below the designated footing elevation with concrete, compacted gravel, or foundation fill at the direction of the CO.

When boulders or irregular, fractured, or seamed bedrock precludes excavation to the designated footing elevation without further loosening of previously solid material, the CO may order removal of such loose material and allow payment for concrete, gravel, or structural backfill that is required to restore foundation material to the designated elevation.

208.11 Compacting.

Add the following after the second paragraph:

For the boardwalk piers, compaction of backfill may be by using hand operated mechanically powered compaction equipment (such as a wacker packer) until visible deformation of the layer ceases. Operate compaction equipment over the full width of each layer a minimum of three complete passes.

208.13 Measurement.

Add the following to the second paragraph:

(f) Material excavated to construct end walls or wing walls which lie outside the excavation limits specified above.

Add the following paragraph:

Foundation over-excavation and the resulting replacement material will not be measured for payment unless the CO determines the over-excavation was unavoidable because of the nature of the material.

552 - Structural Concrete

552.02_nat_us_06_20_2007

Material

552.02 Add the following:

Anchor bolts 717.01

Dowels 717.17

Epoxy resin adhesives 725.21

High strength non-shrink grout 701.02

Mortar 701.02

Portland cement 701.01

Sealants, fillers, seal, and sleeves 712.01

552.03 Composition (Concrete Mix Design).

Delete Tables 552-1, 2, and 3 and replace with the following:

Table 552-1

Composition of Concrete

Class of

Concrete

Minimum

Cement

Content

(pound per cubic yard)

Maximum

W/C

Ratio

Slump (1)

(inches)

Maximum

Nominal Coarse

Aggregate

Size (5)

(inches)

A 611 0.49 2 to 4 1½

A(AE) 611 0.44 1 to 4 1½

B 517 0.58 2 to 4 2½

B(AE) 517 0.58 2 to 4 2½

C 658 0.49 2 to 4 ¾

C(AE) 658 0.44 1 to 3 ¾

D(AE)

(2)

611 0.40 1 to 3 1½

E(AE)

(3)

611 0.40 4 to 6 (4)

¾

P

(Prestressed) 658 0.44 0 to 4 1

P(AE) 658 0.44 0 to 4 1

Seal 658 0.54 4 to 8 1½ (1)

Maximum slump is 8 inches if approved mix design includes a high-range water reducer.

(2) Concrete with a water reducing and retarding admixture conforming to AASHTO

M 194, type D.

(3) A latex modified concrete with 0.037 gallons of modifier per pound of cement.

(4) Measure the slump 4 to 5 minutes after the concrete is discharged from the mixer.

(5) Meeting the processing requirements of AASHTO M43, Table 1 – Standard

Sizes of Processed Aggregate.

(6)

Use Class P (AE) concrete in the entire depth of the top flange of all multi-beam bridge girders. In lieu of this, Class P (AE) concrete may be used for fabrication of the entire girder, and throughout the entire depth of prestressed slabs. In all cases, furnish concrete meeting the 28 day specified minimum concrete strength requirements for the prestressed members as shown on the plans, unless otherwise specified.

Table 552-2

Minimum Air Content for Air Entrained Concrete

Nominal Maximum

Aggregate Size (1)

As Delivered

Minimum Air

Content

(2) (3)

2½ inch 3.5

2 inch 3.5

1½ inch 4.0

1 inch 4.5

¾ inch 4.5

½ inch 5.5 (1)

Meeting the processing requirements of AASHTO

M 43, Table 1 – Standard Sizes of Processed

Aggregate.

(2)

These air contents apply to the total mix. When testing these concretes, aggregates larger than 1½ inches are removed by handpicking or sieving, and air content is determined on the minus 1½-inch fraction of the mix. Air content of the total mix is computed from the value determined on the minus 1½-inch fraction.

(3) For P(AE) concrete, the as delivered minimum air contents may be reduced 1.0 % and the maximum air content is 6.0 %

Table 552-3

Required Average Compressive Strength (1)

Specified Compressive

Strength (f’c)

(psi)

Required Average

Compressive Strength

(f’cr)

(psi)

Less than 3000 f’c + 1000

3000 to 5000 f’c + 1200

Over 5000 1.10f’c + 700

(1) Use this table when there is not enough data available to establish a standard deviation

Delete the first paragraph after Table 552-2 and replace with the following:

Submit written concrete mix designs for approval at least 30 calendar days before production.

Add the following under the list of items to be included in the mix design submittal:

(y) Evaluation of potential aggregate reactivity

552.08 Delivery.

(a) Truck mixer/agitator.

Add the following:

Do not exceed 130 total revolutions at mixing speed, including both initial mixing and remixing. Do not exceed 300 total revolutions, including both mixing and agitating speed.

552.09 Quality Control of Mix.

Add the following after the first paragraph:

At least 2 weeks prior to the start of concrete placement operations, arrange a pre-concrete placement conference. Coordinate attendance with the CO and any applicable subcontractors.

Be prepared to discuss and/or submit the following:

(1) Proposed concrete placement schedule.

(2) Review approved concrete mix design and determination of batch weights.

(3) Discuss Section 153, Contractor Quality Control, minimum frequency schedule for process control sampling and testing (to be performed by the Contractor).

(4) Discuss batching, mixing, placing, and curing requirements.

(5) Discuss Subsections 106.03, Certification, and 106.05, Statistical Evaluation of

Material for Acceptance.

552.11 Handling and Placing Concrete.

Add the following after the forth paragraph:

Use an approved form release agent to produce a minimum of staining, air holes, and hydration discoloration.

552.12 Construction Joints.

Add the following at the end of the first paragraph:

Provide form cleanout ports at construction joints.

552.18 Loads on New Concrete Structures.

Add the following paragraph:

Do not allow public traffic on the bridge until approaches, curbs, and bridge rail are completed and in-place. Erect barricades at each end of bridge spans when road approaches allow vehicles to drive directly onto the structure.

552.13_nat_us_08_12_2004

Delete Table 552-3 and substitute the following:

Table 552-3 Required Average Compressive Strength

Table 552-3

Required Average Compressive Strength When Data

Are Not Available to Establish a Standard Deviation

Specified Compressive

Strength (f’c)

(pounds per square inch)

Required Average

Compressive Strength (f’cr)

(pounds per square inch)

Less than 3000 f’c + 1000

3000 to 5000 f’c + 1200

Over 5000 1.10f’c + 700

554 - Reinforcing Steel

554.03_nat_us_06_20_2007

554.03 Order Lists.

Delete the first paragraph and replace with the following:

Do not submit order lists or bending diagrams for approval.

554.08 Placing & Fastening.

Delete the first sentence and replace with the following:

Place, fasten, and support the bars according to the CRSI Manual of Standard Practice. Use precast concrete blocks or metal supports, but only use precast mortar blocks in areas permanently hidden from view in the completed structure.

Measurement

554.11 Method.

Add the following to the end of the second paragraph:

Do not measure or include reinforcing steel fabricated into the prestressed member.

557 - Timber Structures

557.00_05_us_06_07_2006

Replace FP-03 Section 557 with the following Supplemental Specification:

Section 557—Timber Structures

Description

557.01 Work. Furnish, fabricate, erect, and paint structural timber, including all required yard lumber and hardware.

Materials

557.02 Requirements. Furnish material that conforms to specifications in the following section and subsections:

Hardware & Structural Steel ............................................... 716.02

Painting ............................................................................… 563

Structural Glued Laminated Timber .................................... 716.04

Treated Structural Timber & Lumber .................................. 716.03

Treated Timber Piles .......................................................… 715.02

Untreated Structural Timber & Lumber ..........................… 716.01

Furnish the following compliance certificates to the CO upon delivery of the materials to the jobsite:

(a) Verification of compliance with grading rules and species of timber and lumber.

Provide certification by an agency accepted as competent by the American

Lumber Standards Committee (ALSC).

(b) Lot certification of each charge for preservative, penetration in inches, and retention in pounds per cubic foot (assay method) by a qualified independent inspection and testing agency. In addition, have the producer of the treated products provide written certification that Best Management Practices (BMP’s) in accordance with “Best Management Practices for Treated Wood in Western

Aquatic Environments,” published by the Western Wood Preservation Institute

(WWPI) and Canadian Institute of Treated Wood, were followed, including a description and appropriate documentation of the applicable BMP’s used.

(c) Certification from a qualified inspection and testing agency indicating that all glued laminated members are in accordance with the requirements of American

National Standard for Wood Products, “Structural Glued Laminated Timber”

(ANSI/AITC A190.1), modified as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

(d) Such other certifications as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

Incise all glued laminated and solid sawn members thicker than 2 inches in accordance with AWPA standard C1, unless otherwise SHOWN ON THE

DRAWINGS.

Provide shop drawings for all timber 21 days in advance of fabrication when SHOWN

ON THE DRAWING. Show all dimensions and fabrication details for all cut, framed, or bored timbers.

Construction

557.03 General. Perform the work under Section 208. Furnish structural lumber and timber of the required stress grade.

Clear stacks of weeds, rubbish, or other objectionable material from the ground under and in the vicinity of all stored material. Place the bottom layer of material at least 8 inches above the ground level. Provide sufficient support to prevent sagging.

Open-stack untreated material to shed water. Stack material in layers on spacers

(stickers) that extend across the full width of the stack to allow for free air circulation.

Align all stickers vertically and space them at regular intervals.

Close-stack treated material to shed water.

Protect material from the weather. If covered, use sheet material such as water-resistant paper or opaque polyethylene film. Do not cover with impervious membranes, such as polyethylene film, during dry weather. Slit individual wrappings full length or puncture on the lower side to permit drainage of water.

Store and protect glued laminated timber in accordance with the recommendations for

Loading and Handling, Job Site Storage, and Erection in “Recommended Practice for

Protection of Structural Glued Laminated Timber During Transit, Storage, and

Erection,” published by the American Institute of Timber Construction, AITC 111.

Use slings or other devices to protect corners of heavy construction timbers and banded packages of lighter construction timber.

557.04 Treated Timber. Fabricate timbers before treatment. Handle treated timber according to the Consumer Information Sheet published by AWPA. Do not cut, frame, or bore treated timber after treatment unless approved by the CO. Handle treated timbers carefully and do not drop, damage outer fibers, or penetrate the surface with tools. Do not use cant dogs, hooks, or pike poles. In coastal waters, do not cut or bore timber below the high water mark.

For timbers originally treated with pentachlorophenol, creosote, creosote solutions, or waterborne preservatives, field treat all cuts, abrasions, bolt holes, and recesses that occur after treatment with two liberal applications of a compatible preservative in accordance with the requirements specified in AWPA standard M4, Standard for the

Care of Pressure-Treated Wood Products.

Unless otherwise specified, copper naphthenate solutions may be used for field treatments of material originally treated with copper naphthenate, pentachlorophenol, creosote, creosote solution, or waterborne preservatives. Prepare the preservative solution by blending copper naphthenate preservative that meets P8 requirements with a solvent conforming to AWPA standard P9. Ensure that the resulting preservative solution concentration contains a minimum of 2 percent copper metal.

Plug all unused holes with preservative-treated plugs. Perform all field-applied preservative treatment with necessary precautions so as to prevent any soil and/or water contamination.

557.05 Untreated Timber. Coat the following untreated timber surfaces in accordance with AWPA standard M4:

(a) All ends and tops, and all contact surfaces of posts, sills, and caps.

(b) All ends, joints, and contact surfaces of bracing and truss members.

(c) All surfaces of timber bumpers and the back faces of bulkheads.

(d) All other timber that will be in contact with earth.

557.06 Workmanship. Cut and form all lumber and construction timber so all joints will have even bearing over the entire contact surface. Do not use shims in making joints. Construct all joints to be closed. Drive nails and spikes to set the heads flush with the wood surface. Use the same end, face, and edge of the timber member for all layout dimensions. Bore all holes from mating faces.

557.07 Holes for Bolts, Dowels, Rods, & Lag Screws. Bore all holes before preservative treating the wood. Bore holes for round drift bolts and dowels 1/16 inch smaller in diameter than that of the bolt or dowel to be used. Ensure that the diameter of holes for square drift bolts or dowels is equal to the side dimension of the bolt or dowel.

Bore holes for machine bolts with a bit 1/16 inch larger than the diameter, except when galvanized bolts are specified. In this case, drill all holes 1/8 inch greater than the bolt size. Bore holes for lag screws with a bit not larger than the body of the screw at the base of the thread. Drill the depth of lag screw boltholes 1 inch less than the length under the screw head and with a diameter approximately 75 percent of the shank diameter.

557.08 Hardware. Furnish the hardware as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS, as specified below.

(a) Bolts & Washers. Finally tighten all nuts to provide proper bearing, and cut off excess bolt lengths of more than 1 inch. After final tightening, check or burr all bolts effectively with a pointing tool to prevent loosening of the nuts.

Use malleable iron washers with a diameter approximately three times the bolt diameter under all bolt heads or nuts in contact with wood. Use cast-iron washers when the timber is in contact with the ground. Use square washers only when SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or with the approval of the CO.

(b) Galvanizing. Unless otherwise SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS, ensure that all hardware for timber structures is galvanized, except for the glued laminated deck panel dowels. Ensure that all fasteners, including nails, spikes, bolts, washers, and timber connectors, other than malleable iron, are galvanized.

557.09 Countersinking. Countersink nuts and bolt heads where SHOWN ON THE

DRAWINGS. Paint recesses formed for countersinking with an approved preservative, except in railing. After bolts or screws are in place, fill the holes with hot pitch or other approved filler.

557.10 Framing. Do not slab or trim treated piles for fitting sway or sash braces. Fill all gaps that occur between braces and piles with treated blocks so that the bracing is securely fastened to the piles.

557.11 Framing Bents. Bed mud sills firmly, evenly, and level to solid bearing, and tamp in place.

When concrete is cast and dowels are used for anchoring sills and posts, install dowels (3/4 inch minimum diameter) that project at least 6 inches above the tops of the pedestals.

Carefully finish concrete pedestals supporting framed bents so that sills or posts bear evenly on the pedestals.

Provide firm, uniform bedding for mud sills. Make sills bear true and even on mud sills, piles, or pedestals. Drift bolt sills with bolts that extend into the mud sills or piles for at least 6 inches. Where possible, remove all earth in contact with sills for circulation of air around the sills.

557.12 Posts. Fasten posts to pedestals with dowels not less than 3/4 inch in diameter that extend at least 6 inches into the posts, or with other types of connectors as SHOWN ON THE

DRAWINGS. Fasten posts to sills using one of the following methods, as SHOWN ON THE

DRAWINGS:

(a) With dowels not less than 3/4 inch in diameter that extend at least 6 inches into posts and sills.

(b) With drift bolts not less than 3/4 inch in diameter driven diagonally through the base of the post and extending at least 7 inches into the sill. Drive drift bolts into holes at a 45° angle to enter the post at least 6 inches above the post base.

(c) With other types of connectors as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

557.13 Pile Bents. Treat, furnish, and drive piles in accordance with Section 551.

557.14 Caps for All Bents. Make timber caps bear even and uniform over the tops of the supporting posts or piles, with their ends in alignment. Secure all caps with drift bolts and set approximately at the center of and extending into the posts or piles at least 9 inches.

557.15 Bracing. Bolt the ends of bracing through the pile, post, cap, or sill. Brace intermediate intersections with posts or piles with bolts or spikes, as required. In all cases, use galvanized spikes in addition to bolts.

Make all bracing bear firmly against the pile or cap to which it is bolted. Provide and place shims as necessary to prevent bending the bracing more than 1 inch out of line when bracing bolts are tightened.

Where the space between the bracing and cap or pile is less than 1 inch, shims need not be used.

Where the space between the bracing and the cap or pile is 1 1/2 ± 3/8 inch, place two ogee washers, with their narrow faces together, or other approved washers on each bolt that passes through the space.

Where the space between the bracing and the cap or pile is over 2 inches, use wooden shims of the proper thickness. Fabricate the wooden shims from White Oak or from other approved hardwood. Do not use built-up wooden shims. Make wooden shims from a single piece of lumber with the width not less than 4 inches, and the length not less than the width of the bracing measured along the cap or pile. Do not adze, trim, or cut any treated member to avoid the use of shims.

557.16 Stringers. Place solid sawn stringers in position so that knots near edges are in the top portions of the stringers.

Outside stringers may have butt joints with the ends cut on a taper. Lap interior stringers to take bearing over the full width of the floor beam or cap at each end. Separate the lapped ends of untreated stringers by at least 1/2 inch for air circulation. Securely fasten the lapped ends with drift bolts, as required. Stagger the joints where stringers are two panels in length.

Install cross-bridging between stringers as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS. If timber cross-bridging members are used, cut for a full bearing at each end against the sides of the stringers.

Place cross-bridging at the center of each span or as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

557.17 Plank Floors. Use plank that is surfaced on four sides (S4S).

Single-ply timber floors consist of a single thickness of planks supported on stringers. Lay the planks heart side down with 1/4 inch space between them for seasoned material, and with tight joints for unseasoned material. Spike each plank securely to each stringer. Carefully grade the planks as to thickness and lay so that no two adjacent planks vary in thickness by more than

1/16 inch.

Two-ply timber floors consist of two layers of flooring supported on stringers. Pressure treat the lower layer with creosote oil or with another preservative as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

Lay the top layer either diagonal or parallel to the centerline of roadway as required. Securely fasten each floor piece to the lower layer. Stagger joints at least 3 feet. Where the top layer is placed parallel to the centerline of the roadway, use special care to securely fasten the ends of the flooring. Bevel the ends of top layer members at each end of the structure.

557.18 Transversely Nail-Laminated Decks. Use 2 inch nominal thickness laminations;

surface one edge hit or miss 1/8 inch scant (SIE–H or M 1/8 inch scant), and one side hit or miss

1/8 inch scant (SIS–H or M 1/8 inch scant).

Place the laminations on edge and at right angles to the centerline of the roadway. Spike each piece to the preceding piece at each end and at approximately 18-inch intervals, with the galvanized spikes driven alternately near the top and bottom edges. Use spikes of sufficient length to pass through two pieces and at least halfway through the third piece.

Where timber stringers are used, toenail every other piece to every other stringer. Use the size spikes specified. When steel stringers are used, securely attach the pieces using approved galvanized metal clips.

Use pieces of sufficient length to bear on at least four stringers. Do not splice pieces between stringers. Space end joints on any one stringer no closer than every third piece. Space end joints in adjoining pieces no closer than every second stringer.

557.19 Glued Laminated Panel Decks. Do not drag or skid panels. When lifted, support panels in the weak-moment plane at a sufficient number of points to avoid overstressing, and protect the edges from damage.

When dowels are SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS between deck panels, use a template or drilling jig to ensure that dowel holes are accurately spaced and drilled parallel to one another and to the horizontal surfaces of the panel. Drill holes to a depth 1/4 inch greater than one-half the dowel length, and of a diameter that is 1/16 inch greater than the dowel, unless otherwise

SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS. Use a temporary dowel as a check for snug fit prior to production drilling. Use dowels of the size SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS, with the tips slightly tapered or rounded. Use an approved lubricant to facilitate the connection process.

Start the tips of all dowels partially and equally into the holes of the two panels being joined.

Draw the panels together keeping the edges parallel, until the panels abut tightly. Securely fasten each panel to each stringer as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

Assemble and match-mark panels prior to delivery to the construction site when SHOWN ON

THE DRAWINGS. Follow erection procedures given in FPL–263, Forest Service, Forest

Products Laboratory (FPL), Madison, Wisconsin.

557.20 Wheel Guards & Railings. Surface (S4S) wheel guards, rails, and posts. Place wheel guards in sections not less than 12 feet in length. Squarely butt joint all rails at posts.

557.21 Trusses. Fabricate trusses to show no irregularities of line when completed. Fabricate chords straight and true from end to end in horizontal projection. In vertical projection, fabricate chords to a smooth chorded curve through panel points conforming to the correct camber. Do not make uneven or rough cuts at the points of bearing.

557.22 Drains. Hot-dip galvanize drains, including anchorages, after fabrication.

557.23 Painting. Paint in accordance with Section 563.

Measurement

557.24 Method. Use the method of measurement that is DESIGNATED IN THE

SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Measure untreated and treated structural timber and lumber by the thousand feet board measure

(MFBM) of lumber and timber in place in the completed structure. Compute the quantities from nominal dimensions and actual lengths, except for transversely nail-laminated decks. Measure transversely nail-laminated decks in place after dressing.

Measure timber piles under Subsection 551.

Measure timber bridge rail under Subsection 556.

Payment

557.25 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the

Section 557 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

571 - Prefabricated Bridges

571.00_05_us_05_24_2012

Replace FP-03 Section 571 with the following Supplemental Specification

Section 571—Prefabricated Bridges

Description

571.01 Design, fabricate, deliver, and install a prefabricated, modular bridge superstructure, or transport and install a Government-furnished prefabricated, modular superstructure and components. Construct the length, width, including curbs and railings, horizontal and vertical alignment, materials, appearance, and design requirements as shown on the plans.

Unless components are furnished by the Government, furnish prefabricated, modular bridge superstructure components complete and in place, including deck and railing, when required, to form a bridge superstructure capable of supporting traffic as soon as construction of approaches is complete. Include all incidental materials required to provide a completed structure ready for use.

Materials

571.02 Requirements. Furnish materials that meet the requirements specified in the following sections:

Bridge Railing 556

Structural Metal 717

Prestressed Concrete 553

Reinforcing Steel 554

Steel Structures 555

Structural Concrete 552

Timber Structures 557

Material for Timber Structures 716

Concrete compressive strength, structural steel tensile strength, finish, designation, timber species, grade, treatment, and other material specifications shall be as shown on the plans. If material specifications are not in the contract documents, take them from the manufacturer’s drawings, and have them approved by the CO prior to fabrication.

571.03 General. Fabricate the prefabricated steel bridge in a fabrication plant that is currently certified for “Major Steel Bridge (CBR)”, under the American Institute of Steel Construction

(AISC) Quality Certification Program. Fabricate “fracture-critical” elements in accordance with the AASHTO “Guide Specifications for Fracture Critical Non-Redundant Steel Bridge members.”

571.04 Design Requirements. Design in accordance with the AASHTO “LRFD Bridge Design

Specifications”, Fifth Edition - 2010, using the AASHTO HL-93 design vehicle, including impact, unless otherwise shown on the plans. For pedestrian bridges, design in accordance with the AASHTO “LRFD Guide Specifications for the Design of Pedestrian Bridges”, December

2009.

571.05 Drawings and Calculations. When furnishing a prefabricated bridge superstructure, submit for approval four copies of the design drawings, calculations, shop drawings, and any manufacturer’s installation special handling instructions. The shop drawings shall list all design loads, design criteria, welding procedures, list of materials and specifications, weight summary, support reactions, connection details, and shall detail each component in the bridge assembly.

Include plan, elevation, and section views of the prefabricated bridge superstructure. The shop drawings shall be prepared by the AISC certified shop that is fabricating the bridge superstructure. All documents shall be signed and sealed by a registered professional engineer who is currently licensed in the State where the bridge will be located as shown on the plans.

Submit all documents not less than 21 days in advance of the start of the fabrication.

571.06 Performance. Notify the CO at least 14 days before delivery and/or installation of the prefabricated bridge.

If the prefabricated superstructure is not installed immediately upon delivery to the project site, provide appropriate equipment and labor to unload and stack, support, and store all material at the delivery point. Support and stack all components to prevent damage. Furnish and install blocking to support all components at least 12 inches above the ground.

Furnish all tools, devices, special equipment, and material needed for installation in well-marked watertight containers suitable for long-term, outdoor storage.

571.07 Contractor-Furnished Prefabricated Bridge Superstructure. Furnish the following items for approval prior to delivery of the bridge component:

(a) Supplier or inspection agency certification of wood species and grade of all timber and a conformance certificate for all sawn and glued laminated members.

(b) Certification by an approved inspection and testing agency of wood treatment, listing method of treatment, type of preservative, retention, and penetration. Supplier certification is permitted if each piece is stamped or branded with a legible American Wood Preservers Bureau quality mark.

(c) Certification of structural steel, fasteners, and hardware.

(d) Certification of galvanizing process used.

(e) Steel fabricator certification that steel fabrication and quality control meet the requirements of the AISC Code of Standard Practice; and that all welding meets the requirements of

ANSI/AASHTO/AWS D 1.5 Bridge Welding Code.

(f) A complete list of all bridge components, hardware, and fasteners.

(g) Complete instructions and drawings. Provide drawings that are black line, of reproducible quality, on ANSI sheet size D (24 inches by 36 inches). Furnish the same information in an approved electronic format.

Mark each major component of the bridge superstructure with the same permanent serial number in a location that is clearly visible, both when stacked in storage and erected at the site.

Do not install company identification or design load information on the structure.

Assemble bridge superstructure prior to delivery to assure proper fit-up of all components.

Notify the CO 2 weeks before shop assembly.

571.08 Government-Furnished Prefabricated Bridge Superstructure. For Government-furnished prefabricated bridge units, transport all material from the storage site(s) to the bridge site, and install the superstructure complete and in place, including connection of all girders, diaphragms, railings, panels, transoms, and other elements.

Upon taking possession of the Government-furnished units at the storage site, assume liability for damage resulting from handling, transporting, or erecting the units in place, until final acceptance of the project.

571.09 Acceptance. Material will be evaluated under Section 106.03. Furnish a production certification with shipment of the prefabricated bridge.

Construction of the prefabricated bridge will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Measurement

571.10 Measure the Section 571 items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection

109.02.

Payment

571.11 The accepted quantities, measured as provided in Subsection 109.02 and above, will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 571 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See

Subsection 109.05.

718 - Traffic Signing and Marking Material

718.05_nat_us_08_05_2009

718.05 Aluminum Panels

Delete the third paragraph and replace with the following:

Clean, degrease and properly prepare the panels according to methods recommended by the sheeting manufacturer. Conversion coatings will conform to ASTM B-921 or ASTM B-449.