app.D.pdf

PAGOSA-AREA Long-term STEWARDSHIP CONTRACT

APPENDIX D -- Temporary Road Construction and Use Specifications

Contents

Introduction

Payment for Work

Ground Conditions

Forest Service Responsibilities

Contractor Responsibilities

Detailed Specifications

Introduction

Temporary Roads are roads other than specified, or “system”, roads that are constructed by Contractor for the purpose of harvesting included timber or for the completion of required work items.

‐‐ Temporary roads are intended to fill the following needs:

‐ short‐term use, usually 1‐2 years, then decommissioned;

‐ serve as link between skidding/forwarding trails and existing system roads;

‐ provide vehicular access for service work trucks, including trucks designed to haul timber products;

‐ reduce the impacts of long skid or forwarding trails;

‐ reduce the costs of moving timber products from stump to utilization/disposal sites.

The location and clearing widths of Temporary Roads or facilities shall be agreed to in writing prior to construction. Such location shall include the marking of road centerline or grade line, or other means, as are necessary to provide a suitable basis for economical construction and protection of National

Forest Lands.

The Forest Service will authorize only those Temporary Road segments that meet the objectives above while minimizing the construction, or use, of Temporary Roads. Note that Temporary Roads will be designed to accommodate conventional log truck trailering systems; hence, Contractor’s hauling equipment should be designed to maneuver roads that can have a minimum 50‐foot turning radius.

The construction of, or need for, temporary roads (or portions of temporary roads) may be avoided – under mutual agreement – if site conditions (e.g., vegetation, soils), coupled with a Contractor’s capability, allow longer skidding or forwarding of cut‐tree material from treatment areas to system roads without damage to resources.

Payment for Work – The Contractor will be paid for the following temporary road work:

‐ construction (including clearing, excavation, drainage structure or rock crossing) – see Section

G.10.2 for cost allowances;

‐ reconstruction/opening, and closure – see Section B.2, bid items 15 through 17C.

The Contractor will not be paid for temporary road maintenance.

Ground Conditions – Generally, temporary roads will be located where slopes are less than 20 percent, road grades are less than 8 percent, forest vegetation is relatively open or light, surface rock is minimal, streamcourse crossings are minimized, and special resource areas are avoided (such as wetlands). In some cases, road clearing and/or grading from past management activities – resulting in old roads that have not been included in the existing system – will be utilized. Some of these old road segments may require little work prior to becoming operational.

Forest Service Responsibilities – The Forest Service will perform the following:

‐ approximate temporary road locations through the NEPA process of environmental analysis and decision. (Contractor requests for other temporary road locations may be delayed due to the need of re‐analysis or survey of new temporary road locations.);

‐ provide maps showing these locations, and may flag the centerline, or clearing limits, or both of these road segments;

‐ measure (“cruise”) additional timber, following agreement of temporary road location(s), falling within temporary road clearing limits, for valuation of cut‐tree material (as Timber Products) and notify the Contractor of this volume/value. (This material can be offset with Stewardship Credits.);

‐ ensure that Contract administration personnel (CO, COR, or inspectors) are available during periods of temporary road construction.

Contractor Responsibilities – The Contractor will secure agreement with CO or COR on the following aspects of temporary roads prior to construction, or reopening/pre‐use maintenance (as in the case of non‐system existing road alignments):

‐ location/alignment (including streamcourse crossings);

‐ termini;

‐ degree or amount of needed excavation, including cleared width and location for needed water‐ diverting structures (waterbars, rolling dips, or culverts) [generally, the temporary road width will range from 8‐12 feet of running surface];

‐ trees to be cleared, not already part of Designated Timber or Service work, that will become Designated Timber/Service Work with temporary road clearing activities;

‐ proper disposal of resulting stumps, slash from vegetative clearing, and soil or rock from excavation;

‐ signing and/or closure means to indicate use by contract‐associated personnel (e.g., no public motorized access); signs must conform to the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD);

‐ means and timing of decommissioning, following Contractor’s use.

The following specifications tie to Temporary Road work, including construction, maintenance, or decommissioning. Other specifications/provisions can be found in Section H (H.10.3, H.10.4) and in

Appendix B, Standard Provision G.6.3.

Generally, water‐diverting structures will be installed following the guidelines below for maximum spacing between structures:

Percent Grade Maximum Spacing

2 150

5 120

10 100

During construction:

The Contractor must obtain agreement from the Forest Service prior to allowing any use to take place on temporary roads that have been constructed.

During Use:

The Contractor will maintain temporary roads during period of use, including maintenance of water‐ diverting structures, blading of ruts, outsloping or insloping of road as most appropriate to ground conditions.

The Contractor will also maintain signage, and monitor potential illegal public use of temporary road.

Any illegal use will be promptly reported to the Forest Service.

Post‐Use:

The Contractor will promptly close temporary roads once access and use are no longer needed EXCEPT in cases where the Forest Service has identified Temporary Road(s), on Contract Map, as “Remain

Open”.

“Remain Open” Temporary Roads are for short‐term access by Forest Service to conduct post‐treatment activities, such as prescribed burning. For “Remain Open” Temporary Roads, Contractor will construct cross ditches and water bars, as designated, staked, or otherwise directed by Forest Service, that can be traversed by a normal two‐wheel drive pickup truck. Also, all bridges and culverts shall remain in place and ditches shall not be eliminated. All drainage structures shall be left in functional condition.

K‐F.3.5# ‐ CLOSURE OF TEMPORARY ROADS. (11/06) Unless otherwise agreed to in writing, temporary roads associated with the cutting unit(s) listed in the following table shall be closed using the closure method described.

Unit Closure Method

Specific requirements of this provision will be included in individual task orders if applicable.

Detailed Specifications for Temporary Roads

1. TEMPORARY ROAD EXCAVATION, CLEARING, CONSTRUCTION, RECONSTRUCTION, AND

EROSION CONTROL

Description

1.1. Work. Construct and reconstruct temporary roads as shown on the drawing (“temporary road construction typical sections”). Perform clearing and grubbing, excavation and embankment, and erosion control. During clearing and grubbing, treat merchantable timber, down material, and construction slash, including all vegetation within the clearing limits. During excavation and embankment, excavate and place soil and rocky material; shape the roadway, including approaches, turnouts, turnarounds, and drainage dips; and place all excavated materials, regardless of nature. Install stream crossing CMP with dimensions of diameter and length and at locations as agreed to with Forest Service. Perform erosion control by installing grade dips. Construct the roadway in conformance with the dimensions shown on the drawing or designated on the ground.

Materials

1.2. Requirements. Ensure that materials are as shown on the drawing.

Construction

1.3. Clearing & Disposal. Protect construction stakes and construction control markers. Remove or treat all trees, snags, downed timber, brush, and stumps within the clearing limits according to the following specifications:

A. All trees within the road clearing limits which contains a product meeting the minimum piece specifications stated in Appendix B (Division A) shall be felled (not pushed over) and bucked in advance of road construction. All trees shall be felled within the clearing limits whenever it is feasible to do so.

B. Timber within the clearing limits not meeting minimum piece specifications in Appendix B (Division A) and other debris from the clearing and grubbing operations more than __ inches in diameter and ____ feet in length shall either be (a) utilized and removed from Contract Area, (b) burned within the right-of-way, (c) removed to designated locations shown on Contract Area Map for burying or later burning, (d) buried, (e) processed through a chipping machine, (f) scattered in such a manner as to avoid concentrations of slash and without damaging other trees or resource values, (g) windrowed (h) decked, or (i) a combination thereof.

C. All material to be treated or disposed of shall be bucked into lengths not to exceed __ feet before being piled or buried.

D. If debris is to be burned, burning shall be complete and shall be done at such times and in a manner approved in writing by Forest Service. Residual construction slash from burning shall be buried, scattered or removed to agreed locations.

E. Debris to be buried shall be placed in prepared holes, benches, or trenches at agreed locations and covered with not less than __ feet of native soil or rock. Slash and debris may be buried in the roadway providing hauling can be supported and providing there is little probability or hazard of slope failure.

F. If debris is to be chipped, the chips shall be spread over the surface of the ground in such a manner that their loose depth does not exceed ____ inches. Chips may be mixed with soil within roadway.

G. Slash and debris may be scattered in those situations where the volume of slash or residual slash is relatively light and the adjacent stands of timber are sufficiently open to accommodate the scattering without damage.

H. When slash is to be windrowed, the windrow area shall be cleared. Windrows shall be placed parallel to and along the embankment toe. Windrows shall not be placed against trees.

I. If material is decked, logs not meeting Utilization Standards that are __ inches or more in diameter shall be bucked into lengths not to exceed __ feet and piled at agreed locations.

Specific requirements of A. through I., above, will be included in individual task orders if applicable.

Immediately remove slash deposited in stream courses.

Fell all dead trees outside the clearing limits that lean toward the road and are sufficiently tall to reach the roadbed.

Fell hazard or unstable live trees that are sufficiently tall to reach the roadbed outside the clearing limits before felling trees within the clearing limits. Leave felled trees outside the clearing limits in place, and treat them no further if so directed by the Forest Service.

1.4. Pioneering. Do not undercut the final back slope during pioneering operations. Deposit material inside the roadway limits. Do not restrict drainage.

1.5. Grubbing. Grub stumps within the clearing limits as shown on the drawing. Stumps within the road embankment may remain if their tops are at least 4 inches below the finished traveled way surface elevation.

1.6. Excavation & Embankment. Construct the roadway to conform to the typical sections shown on the drawing.

Protect backslopes from being undercut. Embankment may be placed by side casting or push with a crawler tractor.

Install turnouts at points of opportunity with 1000 foot maximum spacing, 10 foot width, 50 foot length, and 25 foot tapers. Install turnarounds where needed for haul operations.

Place rocks that are too large to be incorporated in the embankment outside the traveled way on the downhill side such that they will not roll, obstruct drainage, or hinder roadbed use and maintenance.

Leave slopes that are to be seeded in a roughened condition.

Shape, finish, and compact the roadbed to the condition ordinarily accomplished by a crawler tractor with dozer blade to provide drainage of surface water. Do not permit individual rocks to protrude more than 4 inches above the surface of the traveled way. A motor grader finish is not required.

Construct the road to provide access for standard, highway-legal log trucks in terms of traveled way surface smoothness, grade dip geometry, turnouts, turnarounds, horizontal and vertical alignments, and curve widening. The tolerance on the constructed road centerline in relation to road location flagline is 10 feet.

1.7. Erosion Control. Perform erosion control measures, including grade dips, hay bales, and seeding. Install grade dips where staked on the ground or otherwise designated by Forest Service.

Measurement

1.8. Basis. Roadway length will be measured to the nearest one-tenth mile. Sideslope will be measured perpendicular to centerline sufficiently in order to determine an average sideslope for the temporary road segment for payment of clearing, excavation, or reconstruction.

1.9. Units. The Unit of measurement is designated in B.1 or G.10.2.

Payment

1.10. Basis. The basis for payment (and measurement) for EXCAVATION & CONSTRUCTION of temporary roads is as follows:

- based on the average side slope and the soil type category for each temporary road segment;

- soil condition categorized as follows:

- common soil - little or no rock or material that is relatively easily excavated and side cast with standard low-volume road building equipment;

- rocky soil - material containing a substantial amount of rock that increases the effort required to excavate and side cast as compared to common soil;

- rippable rock - material that requires loosening by multiple passes with rippers prior to excavation.

Note: Temporary road work will not be required if blasting is necessary.

The basis for payment (and measurement) for CLEARING is as follows:

- based on gross volume (CCF per acre, that includes large and small trees as well as brush) for all vegetation standing or down to be cleared.

- volume, and vegetation description by category, is as follows:

- minimal – less than 1.9 CCF per acre; a few small or large trees and brush;

- extra light – 2 CCF to 5 CCF per acre; some small trees and brush; some larger trees and cull logs;

- light – 5.0 CCF to 19.9 CCF per acre; moderate amounts of small trees, brush, larger trees, and down cull logs;

- medium - 19.9 CCF or more per acre; many small trees, heavy brush, large trees, and down cull logs.

Note that temporary road reconstruction of existing roads includes clearing costs.

1.11. Payment quantities.

Excavation & Construction, and Clearing, will be based on the cost allowance unit price shown in G.10.2.

Reconstruction of existing roads will be based on the bid unit price in B.1.

2. TEMPORARY ROAD ROCK CROSSING

2.1. Work This work consists of constructing a rock low-water crossing on a prepared surface as shown on the drawing (“rock crossing or rock dip”). Work includes producing rock by grid rolling or pit-run materials. Borrow sources will be designated on the ground.

Construction Requirements

2.2. Prepare and smooth the surface on which the aggregate course is placed. Request approval of the roadbed in writing before placing rock.

Materials

2.3. Requirements. No quality requirements or gradation other than 5 inch maximum size will be required for pit run and grid-rolled material. For grid rolling, use all suitable material that can be reduced to maximum size. After processing, remove all oversize material from the road and dispose of it as directed by the CO. Do not place in layers exceeding 12 inches in compacted thickness.

2.4. Compacting. Compact each layer uniformly over the full width from the sides to the center, parallel to the centerline of the road.

Measurement

2.5. Method. Use the method of measurement that is designated in G.10.2.

Payment

2.6. Basis. The accepted quantities will be based on the cost allowance unit price in G.10.2

3. TEMPORARY ROAD DRAINAGE STRUCTURE

Description

3.1. Work. This work shall consist of furnishing and installing or installing only, metal pipe and pipe appurtenances, including all bedding and backfilling required to complete the work. The term “metal” refers to aluminum and steel. Install stream crossing CMP as shown on the drawings 603-101 through 603-103, and designated on the ground. Utilize select bedding and backfill material encountered in the local excavation, or imported for these purposes, such that no piping occurs. Install hay bale dikes downstream of CMP installations in live streams to act as sedimentation basins.

3.2. Bedding. Utilize select bedding and backfill material encountered in the local excavation, or imported for these purposes, such that no piping occurs. The completed bedding shall have a longitudinal camber when designated on the ground.

The lower segment of the pipe shall be in contact with the bedding for the required depth throughout its entire full length. Outside circumferential laps shall be placed facing upstream. Paved or partially lined pipe shall be laid so the longitudinal centerline of the paved segment coincides with the flow line.

The final installed alignment shall be such that no reverse grades exist and no point shall vary more than two (2) percent horizontally and vertically of the culvert length or 1 foot, whichever is less.

No pipe shall be placed in service until a suitable outlet is provided.

Helically corrugated lock-seamed pipe shall be installed with the seam at the inlet end placed below the horizontal centerline. This requirement applies to the outlet end when the outlet is less than five (5) feet below subgrade.

Longitudinal laps on riveted or spot-welded pipe shall be positioned at any location between forty-five (45) degrees above or below horizontal.

3.3. Backfill. Pipe meeting any of the following conditions shall not be placed or backfilled until the excavation and foundation have been approved by the C.O.R.

Embankment height greater than 5 feet at subgrade centerline.

Installation in a live stream.

Round pipe with a diameter of 48 inches or greater.

After the bedding is prepared and the pipe is placed, selected material shall be placed in layers not exceeding 6 inches loose thickness and compacted under the haunches and alongside the pipe. The material shall be readily compactable material free of frozen lumps, chunks of highly plastic clay (Plasticity Index greater than 10), or other objectionable material. Rocks larger than 3 inches in greatest dimension shall not be used within 1 foot of the pipe.

On each side of the pipe there shall be an area of compacted material at least as wide as one diameter of the pipe.

Backfill shall be compacted without damaging or displacing the pipe. The backfill density shall exceed the density of the surrounding embankment.

Backfilling and compacting shall be continued until the backfill is a minimum of 12 inches above the top of the culvert.

After being bedded and backfilled, pipe shall be protected by an adequate cover of embankment before heavy equipment is permitted to cross during roadway construction.

Pipe distorted more than 5 percent of nominal dimensions, ruptured, or broken shall be replaced.

3.4. Joining Pipes. Pipe shall be firmly joined by form-fitting coupling bands. End sections shall be attached to pipe by connecting bands or other means as recommended by the manufacturer. Gaskets shall be installed at each joint to form a watertight connection when recommended by the manufacturer. Dimpled bands shall not be used when the slope of the pipe is greater than fifteen (15) percent.

The coupling bands shall meet the strength requirements of field joints for Non-Erodible Soil Condition--Special Joint Type according to Decision II, Section 23 of the "Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges" by AASHTO.

Measurement

3.5. Method. Use the method of measurement that is designated in G.10.2.

3.6. Basis. The accepted quantities will be based on the cost allowance unit price in G.10.2.

4. TEMPORARY ROAD DECOMMISSIONING

4.1. Work. For temporary road decommissioning, contractor shall employ measures such as outsloping, drainage dips, and water-spreading ditches, as necessary to attain stabilization of roadbed and fill slopes. After a temporary road has served Contractor’s purpose, Contractor shall give notice to Forest Service and remove culverts where designated by Forest Service, eliminate ditches, outslope roadbed, remove ruts and berms, effectively block the road to normal vehicular traffic where feasible under existing terrain conditions, and build cross ditches and water bars, as staked or otherwise designated by Forest Service. (See drawings for drivable and non-drivable water bars.)

When culverts are removed, associated fills shall also be removed to the extent necessary to permit normal maximum flow of water.

4.2. Performance. Unusable CMP become the property of the contractor. Remove unusable pipe from government land. Reshape drainage channel to original contour and replace materials excavated for embankment construction in their original location.

Restore and maintain natural drainage patterns.

4.3. Treatment of Roadways. Treat the roadway by scarifying and outsloping the traveled way. Outslope the traveled way a minimum of 4% and ensure no ruts or gully erosion exists. Ensure grade dips installed during construction are functional.

4.4. Barriers. Construct barriers (felled trees or boulder placements) to prevent vehicle access, where staked on the ground or otherwise designated by Forest Service. (See “earth barrier” drawing.)

4.5. Establishing Vegetation Cover. Seed and fertilize the traveled way after shaping and outsloping operation is complete. Use the seed mixture specified in H.12.6.

Measurement Roadway length will be measured to the nearest one-tenth mile.

4.6. Method. Use the method of measurement that is designated in B.1.

4.7. Basis. The accepted quantities will be based on the bid unit price designated in B.1.

5. TEMPORARY ROAD OBLITERATION

5.1.Work. Temporary road obliteration is the elimination of the road prism from the ground by removing embankments and replacing the material where it was excavated during road construction. The road corridor including turnouts and turnarounds shall be returned to the original shape and contour prior to road construction.

Obliteration includes removing drainage structures and their associated fills, and replacing the embankment material where it was excavated. After re-contouring the raw bare soil within the corridor shall be seeded. See “typical road recontouring” drawing.

5.2. Performance

Sections of abandoned roadway shall be obliterated where designated on the ground. The surface shall be left rough to promote the establishment of vegetation. The natural drainage patterns shall be restored or maintained or both.

5.3. Removing Structures. CMP removed from the road shall be salvaged if reusable and so specified by the Forest Service. If unsalvageable or not designated for salvage, CMP becomes the property of the contractor.

5.4. Establishing Vegetation Cover. Seed and fertilize the road corridor after recontouring operation is complete.

Use the seed mixture specified in H.12.6.

Measurement

5.5. Method. Use the method of measurement that is negotiated between Contractor and Forest Service.

5.6. Basis. The accepted quantities will be paid for at the negotiated contract price.

6. TEMPORARY ROAD CLOSURE GATE

6.1. Work. Furnish and install, or install only, agreed-to road closure gates. Remove and salvage gates no longer needed. See “type II closure gate” drawing.

Materials

6.2. Requirements. Furnish materials to be used in installing gates.

Construction

6.3. Performance. Place road closure devices at locations designated on the ground.

Furnish and install all signs and/or reflective warning markers accessory to the road closure device.

Remove gates no longer needed. Gates designated for salvage by the Forest service will be removed, salvaged and stored for re-use. Gates removed and not designated for salvage by the Forest Service become the property of the contractor.

Measurement

6.4. Method. Use the method of measurement that is designated B.1.

6.5. Basis. The accepted quantities will be based on the bid unit price designated in B.1.