CLDC Industry Day May 2025 Charts.pdf

CLDC Industry Day May 2025 Charts

C O M M E R C I A L L EO

D E V E L O P M E N T P R O G R A M

CLDS Requirements and Standards Updates

COMMERCIAL LEO

P R O G R A MCLDP-REQ-1130 Rev. A is being developed for Draft RFP

• Baseline of CLDP-REQ-1130, Requirements and Standards was provided to industry on January 23, 2025

• Rev. A is being developed to incorporate feedback on the initial baseline and other open items

– Adjustments as a result of ASM-2 in December, 2024

– Internal Independent Review (177 comments)

– Feedback from Industry (1,111 comments) on CLDP-REQ-1130 Baseline from the Requirements and Safety TIM part 2 held 1/28/25

– Forward Work items identified in the Baseline CR plus additional items assigned later (85 items)

• Most significant changes in work:

– Utilization requirements are being reworked based on Agency and Industry feedback, including development of a new Utilization Standard

– Alignment of requirements with Draft RFP drove removal of some requirements from 1130

– Descoping of fixed fire suppression requirements from the Destination

– New consolidated standards for electromagnetic effects

– Communication requirements clarifications and refinement

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 3

Heritage Visiting Vehicle Transportation Interface Requirements

P R O G R A MHeritage Visiting Vehicle (VV) Transportation Background

• NASA and the commercial transportation sector have been working together since 2006 for crew and cargo transportation services to and from the International Space Station (ISS). These existing vehicles are what is referred to as the heritage transportation that could be offered as Government Furnished Flights (GFF)

– SpaceX’s Dragon, docking vehicles with return to earth capability and re-use

– Boeing’s Starliner, docking vehicle with return to earth capability and re-use

– Sierra Space’s Dreamchaser, berthing vehicle with return to earth capability and re-use

– Northrup Grumman’s Cygnus, berthing vehicle with no return to capability and disposed of during re-entry

• The heritage vehicles are currently designed, built and operated based on the Space Station Program (SSP) 50808 Interface Requirement Document (IRD) which provides the requirements for the transportation vehicles to safely and successfully operate within the ISS’s Approach Ellipsoid (AE) during Rendezvous Proximity Operations and Docking (RPOD) phases of the missions and for attached phases.

• ISS specifications required some unique system interfaces be built into the heritage vehicles that may not be compatible with CLDs. Additional discussion with industry is needed on the following items:

– Altitude and inclination

– C2V2 for ship to ship communications

– TDRS for space to ground communications

– MIL-STD-1553 for docked communications and commanding

– 10/100 Ethernet for docked network communications

– Power needs

– Jet Firing/Pulse Train characteristics

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 5

P R O G R A MHeritage VV Transportation Requirements Overview

• In order to ensure compatibility between CLDs and Heritage Visiting Vehicles provided as part of NASA government provided transportation, NASA is developing a heritage visiting vehicle requirements document planned to be released with the Phase 2 Draft

RFP

• This will cover interface functions between the Destination and Transportation vehicle, such as:

– Structural/Mechanical Attachments

– Crew/Cargo Passageway access

– Guidance, Navigation and Control (GN&C) aids for rendezvous and docking

– Visiting Vehicle Power needs

– Data and Commanding

– Intermodule air exchange

– Vestibule Pressurization/Depressurization

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 6

P R O G R A MScope

• Heritage Visiting Vehicle requirements for GFF docking transportation vehicles are based on CLDP-STD-1101, CLDP Common Docking System Standard

– Berthing and robotics requirements will be in an appendix as an optional capability

– List of current heritage transportation waivers against SSP 50808 are in an appendix of the heritage

Visiting Vehicle requirements document

• The heritage visiting vehicle requirements document will be invoked as applicable in CLDP-REQ-1130, Requirements and Standards for the CLDP

– Some requirements from SSP 50808 were written into CLDP-REQ-1130 so there is currently some overlap of requirements in both documents which will be resolved prior to Final RFP

• NASA envisions CLD specific IRDs will be required between CLD/VV to document CLD specific requirements, for end to end transportation and may also be used for compliance to these requirements.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 7

P R O G R A MForward Work

• Release Heritage Visiting Vehicle requirements document NLT Draft RFP for industry review

• A number of TBDs and TBRs will remain in the initial version with goal to resolve by Final RFP

– TBDs against SSP applicable documents

– TBRs against requirements that are ISS specific and will need CLD specifics or NASA standards

– TBDs against ISS legacy systems C2V2, TDRS, 10/100 Ethernet, MIL-STD-1553, etc

• Industry feedback and comments are needed to aid NASA in finding a balance between maintaining flexibility in CLD Design trades and minimizing changes driving heritage visiting vehicle redesign and recertification

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 8

Safety & Mission Assurance Updates

P R O G R A MSafety & Mission Assurance (S&MA) Updates

• Based on industry feedback, NASA is updating CLDP-REQ-3102, Hazard Analysis and Safety Requirements Process, as CLDP-STD-3102, Hazard Analysis and Safety Process Standard, as well as to clarify some areas, provide additional content, and allow for a Provider led, innovative approach

– New sections on ground safety process (example from ISS) and hazardous material control strategy

– Design for Minimum Risk (DFMR) guidance list added (example from ISS) and list of technical data required per phase to support hazard analysis

– Expanded computer safety and emergency response sections

– Clarification and additional details surrounding Joint Safety Reviews

– Additional requirement in CLDP-REQ-1130 stating the need to meet the intent of CLDP-STD-3102

• Although current NASA safety process has been provided as an example, the CLD Provider may propose how to meet the safety process requirements as part of their proposal and DRD submissions.

– Final agreements will be worked post contract award with details prior to first phased safety review

– As part of this process, NASA/CLD Provider will establish clear roles, responsibilities and framework among all stakeholders

• Forward Work: NASA is still working updates associated with industry comment and questions related to roles and responsibilities and updates associated with government provided transportation

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 10

Proposed Medical Requirements

P R O G R A MBackground

• The CLD Provider is responsible for developing and establishing medical standards and evaluation requirements for medical & behavioral qualification of CLD crew.

• Based on industry feedback and NASA’s recent experience with Private Astronaut Missions (PAMs), NASA will levy a targeted set of minimum medical & behavioral standards and medical evaluation requirements that the Provider must include in their medical certification standards.

– NASA requirements for medical and behavioral qualification of CLD crew are intended to ensure crew safety, enable mission success, and support broader access to space.

– The intent is to establish NASA’s expectations for acceptable medical standards and to convey NASA’s experience in spaceflight medical qualification.

– Medical standards are intended to establish acceptable risk thresholds and identify conditions or findings posing elevated risk.

– The goal is to adequately investigate, disposition, and mitigate medical and behavioral risks to ensure crew safety and mission success rather than to disqualify individuals.

P R O G R A MMedical & Behavioral Qualifications

• Medical and behavioral qualifications ensure that crews’ health status poses an acceptable medical and psychiatric risk to crew safety and NASA mission success

– Medical and behavioral standards identify those conditions or findings that may pose an elevated risk to crew safety or negatively impact mission success and may require further investigation and risk mitigation.

– NASA standards are NOT disqualifying; instead, they establish acceptable risk thresholds the exceeding of which requires further assessment and risk mitigation.

– This approach enables insight into medical risk posed by existing or yet unidentified medical conditions and identification of appropriate monitoring, interventions, or countermeasures to mitigate risk prior to flight.

– Thresholds for acceptable risk will be tailored based on mission duration and crew roles and responsibilities

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for establishing medical standards (conditions posing elevated risk) and medical evaluation requirements to assess acceptable medical & behavioral risk.

– The Commercial Provider’s medical standards and evaluation requirements must include NASA-specified minimums

– The CLD Provider may establish additional standards or evaluation requirements for mission certification beyond those specified by NASA.

– Any standards or medical evaluation requirements exceeding NASA minimums levied on USG crew will be reviewed and approved by NASA.

o NASA internal crew selection standards exceed the CLD minimum standards noted above.

P R O G R A MPsychological Suitability

• Psychological suitability encompasses critical behavioral competencies (or attributes) such as problem-solving, teamwork, leadership/followership, self-regulation, resilience, and adaptability that enable safe and successful execution of long duration missions.

• The Commercial Provider is responsible for ensuring crews are assessed and deemed psychologically suitable for the mission.

– Psychological suitability assessment is intended to enable identification of risk posed by lack of critical behavioral competencies, and to implement appropriate mitigations prior to flight.

– The Provider is responsible for conducting a multi-modal assessment consisting of psychodiagnostic testing, psychiatric/psychological interview by a specialist, and observation of operational simulations to assess behavioral competencies.

– At a minimum, results of the assessment should indicate that the individual possesses sufficient levels of critical attributes (competencies) to:

o Function as a team member or crewmate in an operational setting o Regulate and manage emotions, behaviors, and impulses o Tolerate high levels of stress and effectively cope with and adapt to stressful conditions o Apprehend the impact of one’s emotions or behaviors on others o Live cooperatively with others in austere and confined conditions and is tolerant of others’ differences, and aware and respectful of others’ personal needs and boundaries in those living conditions

– Any deficiencies identified during psychological suitability assessment are to be addressed via mission selection or training.

P R O G R A MMedical & Behavioral Qualification Process

• The CLD Provider will establish a process for medical and behavioral qualification of USG and non-USG crew

– Process will include medical history, physical exam, laboratory testing, imaging and procedures as specified in Provider mission medical and behavioral selection standards.

o NASA will perform mission medical & behavioral qualification for USG crews based on NASA and CLD specific requirements.

– Timeline for execution of mission medical selection testing and certification needs to ensure crew are medically & behaviorally certified prior to start of hazardous training and that crew medical certification remains valid through return to Earth.

o Re-certification maybe be required to ensure that medical and behavioral certification is valid through landing

P R O G R A MMedical & Behavioral Review Board

• The CLD Provider will establish a review board to evaluate medical and behavioral testing, disposition risk & determine mitigations that meet the following guidelines:

– Ensure medical and behavioral certification is performed and approved by aerospace medicine board certified or eligible physicians and with training in assessment of medical and behavioral fitness for duty for hazardous ground training and spaceflight

– Identify findings from crew medical and behavioral assessments that do not meet mission medical selection standards and/or pose an elevated risk to the USG crew or to the NASA mission.

– Ensure conditions that do not meet mission medical selection standards and/or pose an elevated risk to USG crew or to the NASA mission are mitigated and that residual risk is deemed acceptable to qualify for spaceflight duties

– Assess impacts to medical certification resulting from changes in crew health status that arise after crew medical certification and that are in violation of mission medical selection standards and/or pose an elevated risk to USG crew or to the NASA mission.

– Include NASA as a participant in the assessment and disposition of medical, behavioral, and psychological suitability risk of non-USG crew to assess propagated risk to USG crew or to the NASA mission

P R O G R A MForward Work

• NASA’s requirements for medical and behavioral qualifications, including psychological suitability and a minimum set of medical standards and evaluation requirements will be released with the draft RFP for industry feedback.

• NASA is assessing whether it can offer the expertise of its Aerospace Medicine Board as a service to Providers to augment Provider aerospace medicine expertise in conducting medical certification for training and spaceflight.

– If available, this information will be released as part of Draft RFP and offered as Government Services to be negotiated as part of potential future Government Task Agreements (GTAs) or Reimbursable Space Act Agreements (RSAA).

CLDS Utilization Requirement Updates

P R O G R A MUtilization Requirement Updates

• Based on internal and industry feedback, NASA is moving most Utilization requirements out of CLDP-REQ-1130 into a new Utilization Standard CLDP-STD-1106

– Clarification provided April 2, 2025, through SAM.gov regarding CLDS Requirements / Assumptions to give Providers flexibility in range of Baseline Lab Capabilities (BLC) and sequencing of implementation o Utilization capabilities are not all required at Initial Operating Capability (IOC) but can be implemented in phases (Min IOC, Continuous Crew (CC), Full Operating Capability (FOC)) o BLC capabilities organized into Tiers to align with expected science needs and reduced footprint to allow Providers to plan maturation/evolution path for phased groupings of BLC capabilities

• CLDP-REQ-1130 Section 3.6/4.6 are being updated to:

– Limit scope to define resources needed at utilization interfaces

– Move specific BLC requirements from CLDP-REQ-1130 into a new standard CLDP-STD-1106 CLDP BLC

Standard

– Incorporate 1 new ‘shall’ statement to levy CLDP-STD-1106 as a “meet the intent” standard

• CLDP-STD-1106 allows Providers to meet the intent of the requirements groupings

– Clarify standards could be met by a combination of hardware (ex: Microscope related BLC requirements)

– Provide information related to BLC items or variations that are not currently in CLDP-REQ-1130 that were targeted for Rev A (ex: Edge Computing Device)

– Include an Appendix in CLDP-STD-1106 for reference with the power, thermal, and data usage rates for the current BLC facilities on ISS

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 19

Restructuring of Utilization Requirements

• CLDP-REQ-1130 scope will be narrowed to provide general payload • CLDP-STD-1106 will define specific payload requirements that may requirements that may impact the design and development of have many potential implementation solutions for limited use-cases Destination or Transportation systems for broad use-cases and and scenarios scenarios

CLDP-REQ-1130

• Pressurized Payload Resources

• Unpressurized Payload Resources

• Data Management and Communication

• Microgravity Environment

• Environmental Monitoring

• “Meets the intent of CLDP-STD-1106” requirement

CLDP-STD-1106

• Conditioned Stowage • Analytical Tools

• Small-Arm Centrifuge • Lab Equipment

• Ultrasound • Edge Computing Facility

• Glovebox • Associated Supplies and Consumables

• Workbench • Mass Measurement Device

• Microscope • Pharmacy Locker

• Wetlab • Medium-Arm Centrifuge

• Bio Sequencer • Plant Research Facility

• Cell/Tissue Facility • Small area/Organism area

Appendix will include power, thermal, and data usage rates for current NASA designed BLC systems for reference

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 20

Presenter Presentation Notes Providing an appendix with power, thermal, and data usage rates for the current NASA design BLC systems for reference.

P R O G R A MRequirements expected to remain in CLDP-REQ-1130

Current Section 3.6.5 Pressurized Payload Resources

PRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.612 MECHANICAL ATTACHMENT

PRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.614 POWER

PRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.615 VOLTAGE

PRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.616 THERMAL COOLING

PRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.617 VACUUM EXHAUST

PRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.618 VACUUM RESOURCE

PRESSURIZED PAYLOAD GAS R.CLDS.619 RESOURCE

POWER INVERTER AND R.CLDS.693 CONVERTER

Current Section 3.6.6 Unpressurized Payload Resources

UNPRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.621 MECHANICAL ATTACHMENT

UNPRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.622 MASS AND VOLUME

UNPRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.623 POWER

UNPRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.624 VOLTAGE

UNPRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.625 THERMAL COOLING

UNPRESSURIZED PAYLOAD

R.CLDS.626 SURVIVAL POWER DURING

TRANSLATION

UNPRESSURIZED PAYLOAD

R.CLDS.628 INSTALLATION AND

REMOVAL CAPABILITY

Current Section 3.6.7 Data Management and Communication

R.CLDS.474 PAYLOAD C&DH

PAYLOAD TELEMETRY R.CLDS.476 MONITORING

R.CLDS.477 PAYLOAD DATA RATES

R.CLDS.478 PAYLOAD DATA LATENCY

R.CLDS.479 PAYLOAD DATA STORAGE

R.CLDS.480 PAYLOAD DATA TRANSFER

R.CLDS.481 PAYLOAD DATA RECORDING

PAYLOAD SOFTWARE R.CLDS.620 INTERFACE

Current Section 3.6.9 Environmental Monitoring

R.CLDS.532 ATMOSPHERIC MONITORING

R.CLDS.533 RADIATION MONITORING

R.CLDS.534 MICROGRAVITY MONITORING

ELECTROMAGNETIC R.CLDS.675 INTERFERENCE MONITORING

SPACECRAFT POINTING AND R.CLDS.676 ATTITUDE MONITORING

R.CLDS.677 CONTAMINATION MONITORING

GLOBAL POSITIONING R.CLDS.678 MONITORING

R.CLDS.727 DISTURBANCE MONITORING

R.CLDS.728 MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT

UNPRESSURIZED PAYLOAD R.CLDS.679 DUAL-POWER CHANNEL

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 21

Utilization Approach Status

P R O G R A MUtilization Approach Status

• CLDP has held multiple TIMs which discussed the Utilization Approach

– Requirements and Utilization Operations TIM - June 2024

– Requirements and Safety TIM – January 2025

• The Overall Utilization Approach provided in past RFIs/TIMs has not changed.

• NASA will provide as part of the Draft RFP, CLDP-PLN-3017, ‘Commercial Low-Earth Orbit Development Program Utilization Integration Plan’ (aka, UIP)

– This document details expected roles and responsibilities, tasks, and milestones between NASA and industry

• A Commercial Provider Utilization Integration Plan will be required to outline the Commercial Provider approach for completing utilization integration activities as part of contract proposal.

– Final integration roles and responsibilities, interfaces and details will be jointly agreed to post contract award.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 23

Initial Operating Capability (IOC) / Continuous Crew (CC) / Full Operating Capability (FOC) Definitions

C O M M E R C I A L L EO

P R O G R A MClarifications on CLDS Requirements / Assumptions

• CLDP-REQ-1130 Requirements were intended to be applicable at Full Operating Capability (FOC), not Initial Operating Capability (IOC)

– IOC by Dec 2029, Continuous Crew (CC) by Dec 2030, FOC by Dec 2031

– A significant majority of Baseline Laboratory Capabilities (BLC) are commercially available now (ex: COTS, modified COTS, or with Implementation Partner / Commercial Service Provider / Payload Developer for ISS)

– Space Station Research Explorer on NASA.gov (can select 'List All Facilities', then can perform search for specific hardware/facility types)

– https://issnationallab.org/research-and-science/partners-and-facilities/implementation-partners/

• Within this presentation, NASA is providing the following information to clarify utilization capability needs.

– Additional expectations for each phase (Min IOC, CC, FOC)

– A Tiered Grouping of BLC capabilities to reflect phased groupings of BLC capabilities to enable various scientific investigations, o The Offerer can propose providing more capabilities than the minimum requirements for any given Phase

(i.e., min IOC, CC, FOC) o Offerors can accelerate and minimize incremental phasing of capabilities based on their approach

– For example, Offerors can directly go to FOC based on vehicle capability as long as timing requirements are met

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 25 https://www.nasa.gov/mission/station/research-explorer/ https://issnationallab.org/research-and-science/partners-and-facilities/implementation-partners/

P R O G R A MTier Groupings – NASA Focus Areas for BLC

Tier Functional Capabilities Groups

Supports (but not limited to) Human Research

• Conditioned Stowage (Frozen), Small-Arm Centrifuge, Ultrasound, Atmosphere/Radiation Monitor, Portable Glovebags (in lieu of A full glove box), Associated Supplies/Consumables^ NOTE: Tier A required by Initial Operational Capability (IOC), if IOC is being proposed by the Offerer

B Supports (but not limited to) Life Science & Tech Demos

• Additional Conditioned Stowage (Frozen), Workbench, Glovebox, Associated Supplies/Consumables^.(B1) NOTE: Tier A + Tier B1 required by Continuous Crew (CC)

• Additional Conditioned Stowage (Refrigerated, Incubator), Microscope, Life Science Sample Analysis Capability^, Bio Sequencer^, (B2) Cell/Tissue Research Capability^, Analytical Tools and Lab Equipment^, Edge Computing Facility^.

NOTE: Tier B2 are additional desired capabilities comprising the Tier B grouping, but not required by CC.

Supports (but not limited to) Life Science, Physical Science, Plant Research

• Medium-Arm Centrifuge, Additional Microscope, Additional Analytical Tools Lab Equipment^, Plant Research Facility C (small), Additional Conditioned Stowage (Frozen) NOTE: Tier A, B and C required by Final Operational Capability (FOC)

Notes

• Items in the same Tier or sub-tier do not have rankings/orderings internal to the Tier

• (^) Details will be provided at draft RFP

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 26

P R O G R A MSummary Definitions

Minimum Required Initial Operating Capability (IOC) Continuous Crew (CC) Full Operational Capability (FOC)

Number of NASA Crew 2 2 2

Minimum number Total Crew 2 4 4

Minimum Increment Duration 1 month 6 Months 6 Months

Estimated Number of NASA Investigations per Increment

7 - 20 Investigations 20 - 40 Investigations 80 - 100 Investigations

1. Baseline Lab Capability (Provided by CLD)

NOTE: Estimated MLE based on NASA hardware experience

10 MLEs volume for suggested Tier Grouping A - Human Research including:

Small-Arm Centrifuge, Ultrasound, Atmosphere/Radiation monitors and Conditioned Stowage (Frozen - 1 MLE), Portable Glovebags, Associated Supplies/Consumables

26 MLEs volume for suggested Tier Grouping A Human Research and infrastructure items in Tier Grouping B1 including:

Small-Arm Centrifuge, Ultrasound, Atmosphere/Radiation monitors, Glovebox, Workbench, and Conditioned Stowage (Frozen - 3 MLE), Associated Supplies/Consumables

52 MLEs volume for suggested Tier Groupings A-C for Human, Biological and Physical Sciences and to enable Exploration and Technology development in support of human spaceflight goals. This config allows for infrastructure to accommodate the Baseline Laboratory Capabilities list

2. Middeck Locker Equivalent & Deployable Payloads (NASA-provided) Deployable refers to non MLE payloads (ex: aisle mounted, deployed in cabin, etc.)

NOTE: Estimated MLE based on NASA hardware experience

• 2 heritage single middeck lockers or 1 double middeck locker for powered checkout (2 MLE size)

• 2 Deployable powered payloads

• 8 heritage single middeck lockers or any combination of single/double quad middeck lockers that equate to 8 heritage single middeck lockers of volume for powered checkout (8 MLE size)

• 4 Deployable powered payloads

• 30 reconfigurable MLE volume for single/double/quad sized powered lockers

• 8 Deployable powered payloads

Estimated Total MLE (BLC & NASA-provided Payloads)

• 10 + 2 = 12 MLE

• 2 Deployable

• 26 + 8 = 34 MLE

• 4 Deployable

• 52 + 30 = 82 MLE

• 8 Deployable

Estimated Cargo Transfer Bag Equivalent (CTBE) Stowage

• 10 CTBE • 26 CTBE • 60 CTBE

Note:

1) MLE Volume Estimates are provided based on volumes of existing capabilities on ISS

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 27

P R O G R A MCLD Initial Operational Capability (IOC) Definition

1) A Crew-Tended LEO Destination supporting two (2) NASA Crewmembers for a minimum of one (1) month duration.

2) Capability to provide critical functions and systems to safely operate and maintain the on-orbit destination and utilization in LEO, with or without crew onboard, and support Crew and Cargo Visiting Vehicles.

3) Provide partial Baseline Laboratory Capabilities to enable (but not limit to) NASA Human Research Utilization:

• Small-Arm (Lab) Centrifuge, Ultrasound, Atmosphere/Radiation monitors, Portable Glovebags, and Conditioned Stowage

(Frozen), Associated Supplies/Consumables

• Estimated as 10 MLE volume

• See Tier Grouping A

• CLD Offerer may propose additional capabilities

4) Accommodate 2 heritage single middeck lockers or 1 double middeck locker (NASA provided) for powered checkout & operations purposes (2 MLE) & 2 deployable powered payloads (ex: aisle mounted, deployed in cabin, etc.)

5) NASA estimates sponsoring a minimum of ~7-20 investigations

6) Provide a minimum of 10 Cargo Transfer Bag Equivalent (CTBE) of soft stowage volume for associated equipment/samples

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 28

P R O G R A MContinuous Crew Configuration (CC) Definition

1) A LEO Destination supporting four (4) total crew members, including two (2) NASA Crewmembers continuously on-orbit with indirect or direct Crew handover for increments of a minimum of six (6) months duration.

2) Capability to provide critical functions and systems to safely operate and maintain the on-orbit destination and utilization in LEO, with or without crew onboard, and support Crew and Cargo Visiting Vehicles.

3) Provide partial Baseline Laboratory Capabilities to enable (but not limit to) NASA Human Research Utilization:

• Small-Arm (Lab) Centrifuge, Ultrasound, Atmosphere/Radiation monitors, Portable Glovebags, and

Conditioned Stowage (Frozen), Associated Supplies/Consumables, Glovebox, Workbench

• Estimated as 26 MLE volume

• See Tier Grouping A & infrastructure items in Tier Grouping B1

• CLD Offerer may propose additional capabilities

4) Accommodate 8 heritage single middeck lockers or any combination of NASA-provided single/double quad middeck lockers that equate to 8 heritage single middeck lockers of volume for powered operations (8 MLE size) & 4 deployable powered payloads (ex: aisle mounted, deployed in cabin, etc.)

5) NASA estimates sponsoring a minimum of ~20-40 investigations

6) Provide a minimum of 26 Cargo Transfer Bag Equivalent (CTBE) of soft stowage volume for associated equipment/samples

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 29

P R O G R A MFull Operational Capability (FOC) Definition

1) A LEO Destination supporting four (4) total crew members, including two (2) NASA Crewmembers continuously on-orbit with indirect or direct Crew handover for increments of a minimum of six (6) months duration.

2) Capability to provide critical functions and systems to safely operate and maintain the on-orbit destination and utilization in LEO, with or without crew onboard, and support Crew and Cargo Visiting Vehicles.

3) Provide the following to enable NASA and Other Government Agency (OGA) efforts including but not limited to Human Research, Biological and Physical Sciences Utilization, and Exploration and Technology development

• Baseline Laboratory Capabilities as currently defined in CLDP-REQ-1130

• See Tier Groupings A-C

• CLD Offerer may propose additional capabilities

• Estimated as 51 MLE volume

4) Accommodate 30 reconfigurable MLE volume for single/double/quad sized powered lockers & 8 deployable powered payloads (ex: aisle mounted, deployed in cabin, etc.)

5) NASA estimates this equates to ~80-100 investigations

6) Provide a minimum of 60 Cargo Transfer Bag Equivalent (CTBE) of soft stowage volume for associated equipment/samples

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 30

P R O G R A MAdditional Utilization Capability Approach (previously FOC+)

• NASA is also interested in additional pre-priced services (CLIN 3) that would enhance long-term utilization including but not limited to:

– Additional MLE volume for powered payloads

– Additional deployable payloads (ex: aisle mounted, deployed in cabin, etc.)

– Additional stowage including ambient and conditioned

– Additional BLC items to support increased utilization throughput

– Plus appropriate vehicle resources (i.e. power, data, etc) to support the above items

• Current forecasts indicate NASA’s future needs may be up to:

– 48 MLE for powered operations o Combination of single, double and/or quad powered lockers

– 8 deployable payloads

– 82 CTBE for stowage

• NASA desires external payload capability but is looking for industry to propose pricing, schedule, and capability (innovation) while still meeting 1130 requirements

– This will be priced as optional services under CLIN 3 within the proposal

– NASA will negotiate at contract award if/when we want to proceed with the services

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 31

Operations and Training Concepts Overview

P R O G R A MPossible CLDP Operations Standards

• NASA has been the leader in human spaceflight operations and training and has developed operational standards governing the processes and best practices based on years of experience dating back to Mercury (1958).

• Based on this experience, NASA has developed Operations Standards outlining minimum requirements to ensure Crew safety, Vehicle safety, and Mission success.

– The assumption is the provider is responsible for End-to- End services from pre-launch to post-flight recovery including flight and ground operations.

– The Commercial Provider will need to “meet-the-intent” of the standards provided; allowing the provider to develop and own their processes and use innovative approaches where possible.

– The following slides provide an overview of the areas of Operations and Training development that need to be covered.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 33

P R O G R A MOperations Planning

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing planning products and processes that meet the intent of the standards provided by NASA.

– NASA will have internal processes that feed into the Provider’s processes for each of these activities and expects to jointly work together to ensure overall safety of the crew and vehicle and mission objectives are met.

• This may include processes such as:

– Trajectory and Mission Design

– Mission manifests and On-Orbit Logistics planning

– Procedures and Crew timelines

– Mission Systems and Training Systems

– Flight Rules

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 34

P R O G R A MTrajectory and Mission Design

The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing and utilizing a process for trajectory design and analysis of nominal and off-nominal trajectories, including dynamic events. This includes the coordination with ground systems (Range, FAA, etc.) to ensure clearance and orbital collision avoidance pre-launch.

The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing and utilizing a process for mission design to ensure that mission, hardware, software, etc. constraints are identified, as well as the assessments required for integrated operations, dynamic operations, jettisoned hardware, etc.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 35

P R O G R A MMission Manifests and Logistics Planning

The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing a manifest plan for each transportation mission.

The Commercial Provider will be responsible for managing how the necessary Destination resources needed for continued operations are acquired, stored, and transported to their final location.

The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing a logistics management plan. This plan aims to have the right amount of resources, at the right time, that is based on a detailed understanding of resource consumption, necessary maintenance tasks, expected hardware failure intervals, etc.

The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing and utilizing a process for the generation and maintenance of Flight Rules. Flight rules represent a key component of assigning on-orbit and ground responses for nominal and off-nominal events and are used as a guide for operations personnel. Flight rules act as an operational agreement between the flight operations team ad the program management.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 36

Presenter Presentation Notes Flight rules are used to define*:

Go/No Go Criteria Launch Commit Criteria (LCC) Authority Operational Limits Predefined responses NASA will be responsible for review and approval of Flight Rules that impact US Government (USG) crew safety or USG assets

P R O G R A MProcedures and Crew Timelines

The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing standards for ground and crew procedures that standardizes ground and flight operations procedures as much as possible.

This standardization will be an important part of ensure safety of the crew, safety of the ground personnel, and mission success. The Commercial Provider will be responsible for the generation of procedures for both ground and flight for all phases of flight.

The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing processes and products for the generation, maintenance, and updating of Crew timelines. Crew timelines are used by both ground teams and crew to schedule day-to-day activities and represent a critical function to keep the ground teams and crew in sync. This includes dynamic operations like reboosts, dockings, undockings; and day-to-day tasks like utilization, maintenance, PAO events; in which the ground and crew are required to perform operations together.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 37

P R O G R A MMission Systems

• The commercial provider will be responsible for overall mission control of their vehicle and operations.

• Mission Control center for flight operations include, but are not limited to:

− Mission planning and operations tools − Flight Controller personnel − Resources for system development and maintenance − Data management and storage − Building network connectivity to include voice, video, and telemetry dat to and from Commercial Provider control center to MCC-H, if required a

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 38

P R O G R A MGround Systems

• The commercial provider will be responsible for ground systems required to support operations and training.

• Facilities and products to support ground systems include, but are not limited to:

− Launch Pad/Pad support teams − Recovery equipment − Medical or cargo facilities for post-landing − Communications hardware/software to and from Launch Pad/Recovery teams − Ground Network − Resources for de-integration, refurbishment, and maintenance

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 39

P R O G R A MTraining and Training Systems

• The commercial provider will be responsible for overall training of their ground crews, crew training on vehicle systems including payload provided capabilities, and crew team training.

• Additionally, the commercial provider is responsible for all systems and products required to support the above activities including, but not limited to:

− Simulators and emulators − Mockups for crew/ground training − Part Task Trainers − Classrooms or Conference rooms for tabletop exercises − Products to include lesson plans and supplemental materials used in training

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 40

P R O G R A MGround Systems Personnel Training and Certification Approach

• The commercial provider will be responsible for the training of ground systems personnel from pre-launch, to ground support of On-Orbit operations, to crew or cargo recovery. This includes:

– Launch site support

– Landing site support

– Vehicle handling and processing personnel

– Suit technicians

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for identification of safety and mission-critical positions, ensuring that training plans culminate in a certification that is valid for a set period, defines proficiency/currency requirements, and utilizes industry standards to fulfill some certifications, as required.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 41

P R O G R A M

Instructor and Flight Controller Training and Certification Approach

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing instructor and flight controller training and certification process.

– An instructor is responsible for class instruction and the certification of other members of the team.

– A flight controller is responsible for real-time mission support, typically console operations.

• Instructor and Flight Controller Training can be performed several ways, including, but not limited to:

– Simulations with the ability to generate malfunctions

– Real-time on-the-job training

– Technical knowledge requirements

– Classroom demonstrations

– Training Plan Development

– Tabletop discussions or exercises

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 42

P R O G R A MCrew Training and Certification Approach

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing crew training, scheduling, and integration with external organizations (NASA, other Commercial Partners).

• Crew training can be conducted in several different methods including, but not limited to:

– Self-study and Classroom lessons with a subject matter expert (SME)

– High-fidelity multi-system simulations

– Hands-on hardware

– Discussions with experienced operations personnel

• Crew training typically focuses on a specific crewmembers designated responsibilities;

however, all crew are trained on a specific set of topics including emergency procedures. At a minimum, flight crew are trained to the level of minimum operational knowledge and skill required to safely operate the integrated space vehicle/element while ensuring mission success.

• NASA will provide general astronaut candidate training to NASA crews along with specific training associated with NASA payloads and NASA utilization systems.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 43

Presenter Presentation Notes 3 slides

Include OBTs, Chiclet chart (crew training)

P R O G R A MTraining for Critical Decision-Making Roles Approach

• The Commercial Provider(s) will be responsible for generating and certifying all the processes required for Operations and Training execution as the primary authority for CLDS. Including the training of time-critical, risk-informed decision-making roles, including, but not limited to: Mission Management team, flight controller, crew.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 44

P R O G R A MOperations Execution Approach

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing operations processes that employ a clear definition of authority, roles, responsibilities, and communication protocols as the owner of the Destination.

– Flight Control Team responsibilities

– Operations management

– Communication and Data Exchange

– Console Tools

– Operations Execution

– Real-time analysis and anomaly resolution

– Debrief post-flight and lessons learned implementation

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 45

Presenter Presentation Notes COnsole/Team resource management Train as a team, when executing mission, know the interdependencies of consoles Communication and Data exchange – Voice Loop protocols Console Tools Ops Execution – What does Ops Include? – Own Slide (Here’s all the stuff you need to plan for and prepare your team for execution) Day in the Life – HK and Maintenance

RPODU

Payloads OBTs Exercise Prep Work Meals S/U and T/D Stowage… Sotwage .. Foam, Fom, Fm, F Conferences DPCs

Highlight as part of ops execution – can implement lessons learned real time Items of issue can be corrected in real time

P R O G R A MFlight Controller Responsibilities

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for defining the flight control team (FCT) roles and responsibilities. Based on experience, there are typically multiple flight control teams that support a mission, including, but not limited to:

– Transportation Launch Control Team

– Orbit Flight Control Team, responsible for Destination vehicle (This could be made up of multiple partners and centers)

– Transportation Landing and Recovery Team

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 46

P R O G R A MOperations Management

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing a process for operations management that defines responsibilities for all significant management decisions involving the Commercial Providers options.

• This process should establish a clear chain of leadership, including times when decision management is delegated to real-time operators (Flight control team, crew) and when decision require management approval.

• NASA expects to participate in these process to ensure decisions are made within the certification baseline and joint flight rules and will have joint go/no go authority over decisions increasing risk to NASA crew.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 47

P R O G R A MCommunication and Data Exchange

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing a process for and any training needed to ensure effective communication and data exchange that includes the full life cycle of the Destination and all associated vehicles. Effective operational communication processes will be critical for ensuring the proper flow of information to all partners and for maintaining situational awareness of the spacecraft among operations personnel and with dependent external Commercial Providers.

• This is specifically important when it comes to the voice loop protocols used for communication and the data that will be exchanged between external partners.

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for establishing plans for communication and data exchange between the Commercial Provider, NASA, and other Commercial Partners.

• This also includes protection of crew sensitive or medical data.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 48

P R O G R A MConsole Tools

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing tools and processes for the operations team that create a configuration managed documentation documents, requests, and processes used during real-time operations.

• Console tools should include capabilities that enable the crew and ground teams to accomplish their missions in a streamlined and effective way. These tools can be developed separately or housed in a single repository and could contain any of the following capabilities.

– Anomaly Reporting

– Real time data exchange of technical or engineering data

– Uplink requests to crew

– Crew and ground timeline activities or change request

– Procedures

– Points of contact for the flight control team on console

– Inventory Tracking

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 49

P R O G R A MOperations Execution

• Executing operations in real time and developing a crew timeline requires multiple iterations and navigating constraints and mission requirements that result in a complex integration effort.

• In a “Day-in-the-life” of a mission, the following items need to be considered:

– Housekeeping

– Maintenance

– Video – Daily Plan Conferences

– Digital Photography/Earth Photography – Payload Operations

– Adaptation for new crewmembers – On-Board Training (OBT) or Crew-Based Training (CBT)

– System Set-up and Tear-Down – Exercise

– Hardware Inspections – Pre-Sleep, Post-Sleep, Sleep

– Software/Hardware Reboots – Stowage

– Medical Conferences – Accessing

– Inflight environment sampling – Tool Gather

– Meals

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 50

Presenter Presentation Notes

Ops Execution – What does Ops Include? – Own Slide (Here’s all the stuff you need to plan for and prepare your team for execution)

These are all mundane but are all precisely timed to make the most of each moment on-board the vehicle

P R O G R A MReal-time Analysis and Anomaly Resolution

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing a process for real-time analysis during the mission. Following the launch and orbital insertion of a spacecraft, it is possible that the spacecraft does not end up in the orbit design pre-flight. This delta should be analyzed after launch to ensure that mission objectives can still be accomplished.

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing a standardized process for the resolution of anomalies inflight. Anomalies are typically discovered by the real-time operational teams and may include any unexpected event, departure from experience or established procedure, hardware/software damage or performance outside of certified design.

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 51

Presenter

Not sure I want to keep this one…tbd

P R O G R A MDebrief and Lessons Learned

• The Commercial Provider will be responsible for developing and utilizing a mission debrief and lessons learned process, including the ability to implement, or correct, lessons learned in real time. Mission debriefs represent an important piece of the mission, in which the returned crew can address issues observed during the mission and provides a forum for recommend improvement for future missions.

• Crew debriefs may include, but are not limited to:

– On-Orbit Maintenance

– Utilization

– Training

– Stowage

– Habitability

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 52

P R O G R A MSummary

• NASA’s plan for the commercialization of Low-Earth Orbit is to promote the development and adaptation of innovative solutions that aid in the Commercial Partner(s) developing business model with the NASA operations best practices and requirements as a foundation.

• NASA expects strong joint integration and communication in the Operations and Training phases as industry demonstrates their ability to conduct typically government roles and responsibilities.

– NASA will evaluate proposed processes, tools and plans based on the Operations Standard to ensure they meet the intent.

• NASAs requirements and best practices are documented in CLDP-STD-1150 which will be made available no later than draft RFP

All information is considered draft and subject to change prior to final RFP release. 53

Presenter

NASA is here to help. Decades of experience and lessons learned

Commercial LEO Destination System Certification Approach

P R O G R A MCertification Approach Overview

• CLDP’s Certification approach is dependent upon shared accountability between the commercial provider(s) and NASA for crew safety and mission success and shared assurance across the NASA community to efficiently perform insight and oversight.

– This approach is based on CCP and other NASA commercial programs

• The CLD provider is responsible for DDT&E and retains ownership of their system through operations and eventual retirement

• NASA will conduct insight and oversight of the Commercial Provider’s CLDS design, development, test & evaluation (DDT&E) and operations efforts.

• Certification is intended to address the provider’s complete CLDS. This includes the processes, tools and systems required for operations, training, mission integration and utilization. The following areas are included in CLDS Certification:

– CLD levied requirements that support the Program’s Human Rating Certification (HRC) o Focuses on safety of NASA crew and includes functions the Program is responsible for

– CLDS Functional capability requirements o Requirements not related to crew safety that satisfy NASA’s NGOs.

– Crew and Cargo Transportation Certification

• Once CLDS certification is achieved, NASA and the CLD Provider will assess the CLDS certification baseline against changes identified to processes and/or designs and updates to certification will be completed as required.

– Minor…