UFGS_33_40_00_Storm_Drainage_Utilities_20190725.docx

SECTION 33 40 00 STORM DRAINAGE UTILITIES

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES. The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. These specifications refer to the publications within the text by the basic designation only.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS (AASHTO)

AASHTO HB-17 (2002; Errata 2003; Errata 2005, 17th Edition) Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM C139 (2017) Standard Specification for Concrete Masonry Units for Construction of Catch Basins and Manholes

ASTM C1433 (2016b) Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers

ASTM C877 (2008) External Sealing Bands for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections

ASTM D1056 (2014) Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials - Sponge or Expanded Rubber

ASTM D1171 (2016; E 2016) Standard Test Method for Rubber Deterioration - Surface Ozone Cracking Outdoors (Triangular Specimens)

ASTM D1784 (2011) Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds

ASTM D2321 (2014; E 2014) Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications

ASTM D2729 (2011) Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings

ASTM D3034 (2016) Standard Specification for Type PSM Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings

ASTM D3212 (2007; R 2013) Standard Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals

ASTM F1417 (2011a) Standard Test Method for Installation Acceptance of Plastic Gravity Sewer Lines Using Low Pressure Air

ASTM F679 (2016) Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Large-Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings

ASTM F794 (2003; R 2014) Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter

ASTM F949 (2015) Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Corrugated Sewer Pipe with a Smooth Interior and Fittings

1.2 SUBMITTALS. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

1.2.1 SD-04 Product data sheets for

1.2.1.1 Storm Water pipe

1.2.1.2 Perforated pipe

1.2.1.3 Storm drain

1.2.1.4 Frame and cover for grating on storm drain

1.2.2 SD-07 Certificates: Leakage Test

1.2.3 SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions: Placing Pipe

1.3 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.3.1 Delivery and Storage. The Contractor shall inspect the delivered materials for damage, unloaded, and stored with a minimum of handling. Materials shall not be stored directly on the ground. The contractor shall keep the inside of pipes and fittings shall free of dirt and debris. Before, during, and after installation, the Contractor shall protect the plastic pipe and fittings from any environment that would result in damage or deterioration to the material. Keep a copy of the manufacturer's instructions available at the construction site at all times and follow these instructions unless directed otherwise by the Contracting Officer. Solvents, solvent compounds, lubricants, elastomeric gaskets, and any similar materials required to install plastic pipe shall be stored in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and shall be discarded if the storage period exceeds the recommended shelf life. Solvents in use shall be discarded when the recommended pot life is exceeded.

1.3.2 Handling. Materials shall be handled in a manner that ensures delivery to the trench in sound, undamaged condition. Pipe shall be carried to the trench, not dragged.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 PIPE FOR CULVERTS AND STORM DRAINS. Pipe for culverts and storm drains shall be of the sizes indicated and shall conform to the requirements specified.

2.1.1 Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe. Submit the pipe manufacturer's resin certification, indicating the cell classification of PVC used to manufacture the pipe, prior to installation of the pipe.

2.1.2 Type PSM PVC Pipe. ASTM D3034, Type PSM, maximum SDR 35, produced from PVC certified by the Manufacturer as meeting the requirements of ASTM D1784, minimum cell class 12454-B.

2.1.3 Smooth Wall PVC Pipe. ASTM F679 produced from PVC certified by the Manufacturer as meeting the requirements of ASTM D1784, minimum cell class 12454-B.

2.1.4 PERFORATED PIPING. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe ASTM D2729.

2.2 DRAINAGE STRUCTURES. Precast Reinforced Concrete Box. Manufactured in accordance with and conforming to ASTM C1433M ASTM C1433.

2.3 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS

2.3.1 Concrete. Unless otherwise specified, concrete and reinforced concrete shall conform to the requirements for 4,000 psi concrete. The concrete mixture shall have air content by volume of concrete, based on measurements made immediately after discharge from the mixer, of 5 to 7 percent when maximum size of coarse aggregate exceeds 1-1/2 inches. Air content shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C231/C231M. The concrete covering over steel reinforcing shall not be less than 1 inch thick for covers and not less than 1-1/2 inches thick for walls and flooring. Concrete covering deposited directly against the ground shall have a thickness of at least 3 inches between steel and ground.

2.3.2 Frame and Cover for Gratings. Submit certification on the ability of frame and cover or gratings to carry the imposed live load. Frame and cover for gratings shall be cast gray iron, ASTM A48/A48M, Class 35B; cast ductile iron, ASTM A536, Grade 65-45-12; or cast aluminum, ASTM B26/B26M, Alloy 356.O-T6. Weight, shape, size, and waterway openings for grates and curb inlets shall be as indicated on the plans.

2.3.3 Joints. PVC Plastic Pipes. Joints shall be solvent cement or elastomeric gasket type in accordance with the specification for the pipe and as recommended by the pipe manufacturer.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION OF PIPE CULVERTS, STORM DRAINS, AND DRAINAGE STRUCTURES

3.1.1 Trenching. The width of trenches at any point below the top of the pipe shall be not greater than the outside diameter of the pipe plus 6 inches to permit satisfactory jointing and thorough tamping of the bedding material under and around the pipe.

3.1.2 Removal of Unstable Material. Where wet or otherwise unstable soil incapable of properly supporting the pipe, as determined by the Contracting Officer, is unexpectedly encountered in the bottom of a trench, such material shall be removed to the depth required and replaced to the proper grade with select granular material, compacted as provided in paragraph BACKFILLING. When removal of unstable material is due to the fault or neglect of the Contractor while performing shoring and sheeting, water removal, or other specified requirements, such removal and replacement shall be performed at no additional cost to the Government.

3.1.3 BEDDING.

3.1.3.1 The bedding surface for the pipe shall provide a firm foundation of uniform density throughout the entire length of the pipe.

3.1.3.2 Plastic Pipe. Bedding for PVC, PE, SRPE and PP pipe shall meet the requirements of ASTM D2321. Use Class IB or II material for bedding, haunching, and initial backfill. Use Class I, II, or III material for PP pipe bedding, haunching and initial backfill.

3.1.4 PLACING PIPE. Each pipe shall be thoroughly examined before being laid; defective or damaged pipe shall not be used. Plastic pipe, excluding SRPE pipe shall be protected from exposure to direct sunlight prior to laying, if necessary to maintain adequate pipe stiffness and meet installation deflection requirements. Proper facilities shall be provided for lowering sections of pipe into trenches. Pipe shall not be laid in water, and pipe shall not be laid when trench conditions or weather are unsuitable for such work. Diversion of drainage or dewatering of trenches during construction shall be provided as necessary. Deflection of installed flexible pipe shall not exceed the following limits:

DEFLECTION (percent)

Note post installation requirements of paragraph DEFLECTION TESTING in PART 3 of this specification for all pipe products including deflection testing requirements for flexible pipe.

3.1.5 Concrete, Clay, PVC, Ribbed PVC, Ductile Iron and Cast-Iron Pipe. Laying shall proceed upgrade with spigot ends of bell-and-spigot pipe and tongue ends of tongue-and-groove pipe pointing in the direction of the flow.

3.1.6 BACKFILLING

3.1.6.1 Backfilling Pipe in Trenches. After the pipe has been properly bedded, selected material from excavation or borrow, at a moisture content that will facilitate compaction, shall be placed along both sides of pipe in layers not exceeding 150 mm 6 inches in compacted depth. The backfill shall be brought up evenly on both sides of pipe for the full length of pipe. The fill shall be thoroughly compacted under the haunches of the pipe. Each layer shall be thoroughly compacted with mechanical tampers or rammers except in the crawl space. This method of filling and compacting shall continue until the fill has reached an elevation equal at least 12 inches above the top of the pipe for flexible pipe. The remainder of the trench shall be backfilled and compacted by spreading and rolling or compacted by mechanical rammers or tampers in layers not exceeding 12 inches.

3.1.6.2 Backfilling Pipe in Fill Sections. For pipe placed in fill sections, backfill material and the placement and compaction procedures shall be as specified below. The fill material shall be uniformly spread in layers longitudinally on both sides of the pipe, not exceeding 6 inches in compacted depth, and shall be compacted by rolling parallel with pipe or by mechanical tamping or ramming except in the crawl space. Prior to commencing normal filling operations, the crown width of the fill at a height of 12 inches above the top of the pipe shall extend a distance of not less than twice the outside pipe diameter on each side of the pipe or 12 feet, whichever is less. After the backfill has reached at least 12 inches above the top of the pipe, the remainder of the fill shall be placed and thoroughly compacted in layers not exceeding 12 inches. Use select granular material for this entire region of backfill for flexible pipe installations.

3.1.6.3 Movement of Construction Machinery. When compacting by rolling or operating heavy equipment parallel with the pipe, displacement of or injury to the pipe shall be avoided. Movement of construction machinery over a culvert or storm drain at any stage of construction shall be at the Contractor's risk. Any damaged pipe shall be repaired or replaced.

3.1.7 Compaction

3.1.7.1 General Requirements. Cohesionless materials include gravels, gravel-sand mixtures, sands, and gravelly sands. Cohesive materials include clayey and silty gravels, gravel-silt mixtures, clayey and silty sands, sand-clay mixtures, clays, silts, and very fine sands. When results of compaction tests for moisture-density relations are recorded on graphs, cohesionless soils will show straight lines or reverse-shaped moisture-density curves, and cohesive soils will show normal moisture-density curves.

3.1.7.2 Minimum Density. Backfill over and around the pipe and backfill around and adjacent to drainage structures shall be compacted at the approved moisture content to the following applicable minimum density, which will be determined as specified below.

3.1.7.2.1 Under airfield and heliport pavements, paved roads, streets, parking areas, and similar-use pavements including adjacent shoulder areas, the density shall be not less than 90 percent of maximum density for cohesive material and 95 percent of maximum density for cohesionless material, up to the elevation where requirements for pavement subgrade materials and compaction shall control.

3.1.7.2.2 Under unpaved or turfed traffic areas, density shall not be less than 90 percent of maximum density for cohesive material and 95 percent of maximum density for cohesionless material.

3.1.7.2.3 Under nontraffic areas, density shall be not less than that of the surrounding material.

3.2 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.2.1 Tests. Testing is the responsibility of the Contractor. Perform all testing and retesting at no additional cost to the Government.

3.2.1.1 Leakage Test. Lines shall be tested for leakage by low pressure air or water testing or exfiltration tests, as appropriate, prior to completing backfill. Low pressure air testing for plastic pipe shall conform to ASTM F1417. Prior to exfiltration tests, the trench shall be backfilled up to at least the lower half of the pipe. If required, sufficient additional backfill shall be placed to prevent pipe movement during testing, leaving the joints uncovered to permit inspection. Visible leaks encountered shall be corrected regardless of leakage test results. An exfiltration test shall be made by filling the line to be tested with water so that a head of at least 2 feet is provided above both the water table and the top of the pipe at the upper end of the pipeline to be tested. The filled line shall be allowed to stand until the pipe has reached its maximum absorption, but not less than 4 hours. After absorption, the head shall be reestablished. The amount of water required to maintain this water level during a 2-hour test period shall be measured. Leakage as measured by the exfiltration test shall not exceed 0.2 gallons per inch in diameter per 100 feet of pipeline per hour.

3.2.1.2 Determination of Density. The Contractor shall perform tests shall be performed in sufficient number to ensure that specified density is being obtained.

3.2.1.3 Deflection Testing. Conduct deflection test no sooner than 30 days after completion of final backfill and compaction testing. Clean or flush all lines prior to testing. Perform a deflection test on entire length of installed flexible pipeline upon completion of work adjacent to and over the pipeline, including backfilling, placement of fill, grading, paving, placement of concrete, and any other superimposed loads. Deflection of pipe in the installed pipeline under external loads shall not exceed limits in paragraph PLACING PIPE above as percent of the average inside diameter of pipe.

3.2.2 Inspection

3.2.2.1 Flexible Pipe. Check pipe locations for rips, tears, joint separations, by observing signs of soil migration/erosion through the joint, cracks, localized bucking, bulges, settlement and alignment

3.2.2.2 Post-Installation Inspection Report. A simple one-page report/email documenting any signs of soil migration/erosion and repairs made is required.

3.2.3 Repair Of Defects

3.2.3.1 Leakage Test. When leakage exceeds the maximum amount specified, correct source of excess leakage by replacing damaged pipe.

3.2.3.2 Deflection Testing. When deflection readings are in excess of the allowable deflection of average inside diameter of pipe are obtained, remove pipe, which has excessive deflection, and replace with new pipe. Retest 30 days after completing backfill, leakage testing and compaction testing.

3.3 PROTECTION. Protect storm drainage piping and adjacent areas from superimposed and external loads during construction.

3.4 WARRANTY PERIOD. The contractor shall replace and retest any pipe segments found to have defects during the warranty period.

**** End of Section ****