70RSAT19RB00000001_-_4_CISA_ECD_Brief_5-16-2019.pdf

Rob Dew

May 16, 2019

C I S A | C Y B E R S E C U R I T Y A N D I N F R A S T R U C T U R E S E C U R I T Y A G E N C Y

SECURE AND RESILIENT MOBILE NETWORK

INFRASTRUCTURE

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

ENVISIONING A SMART PUBLIC SAFETY ECOSYSTEM:

5G AND IOT POTENTIAL PUBLIC SAFETY AND NATIONAL

SECURITY/EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS (NS/EP)

IMPACTS

TLP:WHITE

May 16, 2019

CISA Emergency Communications – Overview

CISA supports and promotes communications used by emergency responders and government officials to keep America safe, secure, and resilient.

• CISA leads the Nation’s national security and emergency preparedness

(NS/EP) communications efforts to ensure emergency communications operability and interoperability for all stakeholders, across all levels of government.

• As emergency communications become more complex, CISA continues to examine current challenges and opportunities for enhancing emergency communications capabilities.

May 16, 2019

• 2019 NECP Development

• 2018 SLTT Governance Guide

• Technical Assistance (TA)

• Grant Coordination

• Statewide Communication

Interoperability Plan (SCIP)

Workshops

• State Interoperability Markers

• Governance Assessment TA

• TA

• NG911 Cybersecurity Primer

• Emergency Communications

System Life Cycle Planning

Guide

Incident Level

CISA Support Technology Considerations

BroadbandLand Mobile Radio

Next Generation

911 (NG911) Alerts & Warnings

• Incident Command System

Interoperability o Communications Section

Task Force o IT Service Unit Leader

• Incident Measures

Local Level

State/Territory

Level

National Level

CISA supports public safety organizations through programs, services, and guidance and provides them with on-site technical assistance, training, and regional support.

Emergency Communications – Scope of Work

May 16, 2019

Next Generation Network – Priority Services

Benefits:

Provides continuity of government for emergency communications interoperability

Increased user adoption improves resiliency of priority access on the network

Approximately 3,000 state police leveraged during Hurricane Florence

Priority Services programs are mandated by OSTP/OMB D-16-1 and provide NS/EP users the ability to communicate on telecommunications networks during times of congestion.

May 16, 2019

5G Overview

Demand attentive network

Greater leveraging of Software Defined Networks

(SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) to allow for integrated, distributed, “programmable”, context-aware network

Continuously optimize network resources and latency

Higher performance and user experience at low cost of investment

Pushing more processing/computing to edge

Advanced, dynamic spectrum sharing

Multiple parties using the same band

Contiguous coverage of densely packed small cells

Seamless data rates of up to 1 Gbps

Converged wireless network

Millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless links (> 24

GHz) for mobile access and fixed access

Nomadic “spot” area access for speeds > 1 Gbps

5G Use Cases

Mission critical (MC) applications

Smart cities/infrastructure/grid and homes

Human-machine (H2M) interaction

Vehicle-to-X (V2X) communications for safer vehicles, autonomous driving

Fixed broadband HD TV distribution

Immersive gaming, virtual reality, augmented reality, 3D and UHD video telepresence, remote surgery

Faster data rates and lower latency for current mobile applications such as streaming data, video, and voice

May 16, 2019

5G Network Slicing

Source: NGMN 5G White Paper

CP: Control Plane (signaling)

UP: User Plane (traffic)

AP: Application Provider

May 16, 2019

Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT goes beyond simply connecting objects to the Internet; it allows physical objects to intelligently self-identify and communicate with other devices, creating a new model of information-sharing

IoT Benefits for Public Safety

Ubiquitous network connectivity

Enhanced situational awareness

Process optimization

Real-time response and control of autonomous systems

Source: Ericsson Mobility Report, June 2018

May 16, 2019

5G Key Issues

Coexistence

Coexistence with other priority services (e.g., Emergency, Critical

IoT)

Flexible mechanisms to establish and enforce relative priority policies

Coexistence with commercial services that are bandwidth intensive and requires key performance indicators such as low latency and high reliability (e.g., Drone Control, Transportation Control, Medical)

Network Slicing

Public Safety communications and IoT could be implemented with 5G network (or networks) service providers as a Network Slice as a service (NS-as-a-service) with its own prioritized signaling and traffic handling and directed over certain Radio Access Technologies

(RATs) based on their resiliency and availability

May 16, 2019

5G Key Issues

Access Control

New requirements given lessons learned for 4G LTE such as need for more granular access categories and potential need for prioritized

RACH

Ability to Leverage Emerging 5G Capabilities for PS Service

Portfolio Extensions

New UE capabilities, multiple identities, multiple devices under one

PS subscription

Vertical application (e.g., IoT, Tactile Internet)

Network Capabilities (e.g., Slicing, NFV), devices connecting to multiple slices at a time

Multiple Network Access and Connectivity (e.g., NR, 4G, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Fixed Wireless and Satellite)

PORTLAND EXAMPLE 5G

DESIGN

Sensors, Smart Cities, IoT, Fixed and Mobile 5G mmWave

Multi-Band, Multi-Cell Heterogeneous Network (Het-Net) with Adaptive Network Slicing and Data Analytics

Ubiquitous network connectivity

Enhanced situational awareness

Process optimization

Real-time response and control

May 16, 2019

Macro Sites & Light Poles

Example Design

May 16, 2019

Building Addresses

May 16, 2019

Social Intensity Heat Map

May 16, 2019

Crime Intensity Heat Map

May 16, 2019

Portland/Vancouver 700 MHz Design

May 16, 2019

5G Fixed Wireless Design

May 16, 2019

5G Fixed Wireless Design

May 16, 2019

5G Fixed Wireless Design

May 16, 2019

5G Fixed & Mobile Wireless Design

May 16, 2019

5G Requiring Holistic Design with Highly Accurate

Data

5G PUBLIC SAFETY IMPACTS

May 16, 2019

High Level Potential Impacts

• Advantages

Increased throughput

Support for new technologies, applications, and services

Optimized, specialized treatment of users, applications, devices across differing slices of core network and virtualization

Lower latency

Edge computing/Network analytics for predictive and proactive reassignment of resources

Areas of Concern

Foreign development

Increase in order of magnitude of connectivity density (D2D, M2M, V2X)

Increase in order of magnitude of devices/IoT

Increase in small cell density/physical security

Network of networks

Integration with critical infrastructure

Fallback to other RATs

Increased complexity in modeling and testing

OAM&P with virtualization/NFV/SDN

May 16, 2019

Potential Impacts to Public Safety

Priority Service, Spectrum Use and Sharing

Dynamically scalable and deployable service

Increased network complexity and scenarios

End-to-end overall broadband service and consistent Quality of Experience (QoE)

Multiple wireless, wireline, cable, satellite networks services and providers

Heavy reliance on Wi-Fi for better indoor coverage (75 to 80% of all traffic)

Special management of public safety communications across networks

Increase in interconnected agreements = increase in attack vectors

Security

More complex security vetting/onboarding from vendors and service providers

Increase in sites and devices = increase in attack vectors

Virtualization of network’s centralized control

Authentication/Identify Management across multiple networks for Public safety users

Avoid “user tracking” through encryption to data (bearer traffic) and signaling

Attack one network slice to get to another

May 16, 2019

Potential Impacts to Public Safety

Provisioning/Administration/Network Operations

O&M becomes more complex as number of devices significantly increases

High use of Software Defined Networks (SDN) and Network Function

Virtualization (NFV) = complex network updates/upgrades/patch management

Devices and IoT

Critical need to keep sensors/machine traffic on different RF resources than public safety human-based communications

Additional layer of complexity from IoT dividing into massive IoT and critical IoT

Complexity in coordination of dynamic signaling priority, traffic priority, and temporary resources reservation

Differentiate between DDos/TDos attack vs. congestion event