12818 San Diego VA O and M.pdf

San Diego VA Medical Center

Solar Photovoltaic

Operation and Maintenance Manual

Presented May 3, 2013 by:

Customer SolarPower Integrators

735 Sunrise Ave – Suite 200 Roseville, CA 95661

Baker Electric, Inc. • 1298 Pacific Oaks Place • Escondido, CA 92029 Ph: (760) 745-2001 • Fax: (760) 745-0321

San Diego VA Medical Center

PHOTOVOLTAIC INSTALLATION

OPERATIONS &MAINTENANCE MANUAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Tab 1 Operation Instructions System Operations

Cleaning Instructions

Tab 2 As‐builts 11x17 updated plan sets with string layouts etc.

Tab 3 Inverter Information Spec Sheet

Warranty Doc (when applicable)

Warranty Information

Manual

Tab 4 Data Acquisition System Wiring diagrams

Manual

Tab 5 Racking Manual

Tab 6 Maintenance Log Maintenance Logs

Tab 7 Service Log Service logs

Tab 8 Cleaning Log Cleaning Log

Tab 9 Spare Parts List Spare parts list

Tab 10 Warranty Warranty

Project Name: SD VA Medical Center

WO# 12818

Tab 1

Operation Instructions

1298 Pacific Oaks Place Escondido, CA 92029

760.745.2001 858.566.1980 Fax: 760.745.0321

Photovoltaic System Operation Instructions

Shutdown Procedure (Emergency):

1. Turn OFF the main Photovoltaic Disconnect for Utility Operation (Located @ exterior of North Wall, Main Hospital, Ground Level)

The inverter will sense a loss of line and automatically disconnect itself from the grid. Any over current protection device upstream from the inverter on the AC side will achieve the same result i.e. breaker feeding the inverter at the main service, main breaker in the electrical service etc.

Startup Procedure:

External Disconnects Ensure AC power to the inverter is turned ON at the following locations:

1. Breaker (Located @ Penthouse Electrical Room)

2. AC Disconnect switches (Located @ exterior of North Wall, Main Hospital, Ground Level)

PV Service Disconnect

PV Breaker

Inverter

3. Turn ON the AC disconnect

4. Turn ON the DC disconnect

The system will count down, generally five to ten minute duration, then automatically connect and synchronize itself to the grid.

If the startup occurs very early in the morning or late in the afternoon there may not be enough DC voltage for the inverter to turn on. If this is the case leave the inverter on. Once the DC voltage, AC voltage and AC frequency are within preset parameters the inverter will begin operation and the red operation light will turn on.

Shutdown Procedure (Maintenance):

Inverter

1. Turn OFF the DC disconnect

2. Turn OFF the AC disconnect

External Disconnects (Points of Lock Out Tag Out)

1. Ensure AC power to the inverter is turned OFF at the following locations:

a. Breaker (Located @ Penthouse Electrical Room)

b. AC Disconnect (Located @ exterior of North Wall, Main Hospital, Ground Level)

General Information:

The PVI-10.0-l-OUTD-S2-US-480NG is a grid interactive line commutating inverter. It will automatically shut itself down in the event of a grid failure, low DC voltage or device failure. The user manual found within this O&M binder contains in-depth information on all aspects of the inverter installation, operation, troubleshooting and maintenance.

All circuits should be treated as live unless verified dead. It should be noted that even in very low light conditions the Photovoltaic Array can produce high DC voltage and should be handled by authorized and qualified personnel only. When an inverter is shut down it is likely that the DC disconnects and/or DC fuses may have voltage on both the line and load terminals due to capacitor discharge within the inverter. Complete discharge of the capacitors can take up to eight minutes. Thus servicing of any DC fuses or equipment should be performed under the assumption that even when the source(s) (PV module/array) are disconnected that the terminals or fuses may be energized.

DE-SOILING AND ACCESS STRATEGY

ROOFTOP SOLAR ARRAY

(Provided by Owner)

Equipment needed to complete task:

• Water source

• Enough hose to reach array from water source

• Window washing brush on long pole (depends on cleaning method)

• Squeegee on long pole (depends on cleaning method)

• PPE/Fall Protection (as required by your safety plan)

NOTE: ENERGY PRODUCTION SHOULD BE MEASURED PRE- AND POST-CLEANING TO DETERMINE THE

VALUE TO THE ARRAY OF CLEANING/DE-SOILING

How to Clean:

De-soiling of the rooftop arrays is to be accomplished by spraying water on top of the array. This is to be done from the perimeter of the array configuration utilizing established safety protocols for operation. Staying away from the leading edge of the building is advised. Only approach the leading edge of the building when appropriate fall protection measures are in place.

Light Cleaning:

The water is to be sprayed on the array at enough pressure to remove loose dust and dirt. Water from the hose is to be sprayed on to the array from as many points around the perimeter of the array as are necessary, depending upon the spray capacity of the hose and the location of water sources, to ensure coverage of the entire array with the water spray.

Medium Cleaning:

The entire array should be sprayed with enough water pressure to loosen dust and dirt. Remove all excess water with a squeegee. This cleaning method is best performed with a team of two, one spraying and one with a squeegee. The length of the pole should be sufficient to reach to the center of the array from the perimeter.

Heavy Cleaning:

The entire array should be sprayed with enough water pressure to loosen dust and dirt. For persistent soiling (such as bird droppings), a soft (fabric) brush on a long pole may be required. After the desired results are achieved, use a squeegee to remove the excess water. The length of the pole should be sufficient to reach to the center of the array from the perimeter.

What NOT to do:

• Use any type of cleaners

• Use a pressure washer

When to Clean:

1. Array has a substantial layer of caked on dirt at the bottom of the module which is casting a hard shadow on the cells.

2. Significant amount of bird droppings or other debris that is casting a hard shadow on the cells.

A light layer of dust will generally not impact performance enough to justify the cost of a cleaning and it is only suggested that cleanings be performed when either conditions (1) or (2) are found and when no rainfall is expected. The cleaning(s) should be performed during months with the greatest number of available sun hours and when there is very little rainfall expected. This will generally fall into the months of July-September. For best results the cleaning should be performed when the array is cool in the early morning or late afternoon. Avoid cleaning the array during the middle of the day.

Tab 2

As-builts

Tab 3

Inverter Information

TR

IO

Features

1AURORA TRIO

PVI-10.0-I-OUTD

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

OUTDOOR MODELS

‘Electrolyte-free’ power converter to further increase the life expectancy and long term reliability True three-phase bridge topology for DC/AC output converter Night wake up button to access energy harvesting data and error log Dual input sections with independent MPP tracking, allows optimal energy harvesting from two sub-arrays oriented in diff erent directions High speed and precise MPPT algorithm for real time power tracking and improved energy harvesting Flat efficiency curves ensure high efficiency at all output levels ensuring consistent and stable performance across the entire input voltage and output power range Outdoor enclosure for unrestricted use under any environmental conditions Integrated combiner box equipped with a DC switch in compliance with international standards (-S, -S1,-S2) RS-485 communication interface (for connection to laptop or datalogger) Compatible with PVI-RADIOMODULE for wireless communication with Aurora PVI-DESKTOP

Designed for commercial usage, this three-phase inverter is highly unique in its ability to control the performance of the PV panels, especially during periods of variable weather conditions.

This device has two independent MPPTs and efficiency ratings of up to 97.3%.

The input voltage range makes the inverter suitable to installa-tions with reduced string size. The HF isolation allows positive or negative ground configuration.

It is available with an optional fully-integrated DC combiner box equipped with DC or AC and DC disconnect switches. The unit is free of electrolytic capacitors, leading to a longer product life-time and reliability.

-S Version

-S2 Version

-S1 Version

2 AURORA TRIO

PVI-10.0-I

E ffi c ie n c y

% of Rated Output Power

220 Vdc

362 Vdc

416 Vdc

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PVI-10.0-I FOR NORTH AMERICA

IN1

MPPT 1

(DC/DC)

IN2

MPPT 2

(DC/DC)

BULK CAPS

INVERTER

(DC/AC)

LINE

FILTER

DC/DC

DSP

CONTR.

DC/AC

DSP

CONTR.

μP

CONTROL CIRCUIT

GRID PARALLEL

RELAY

L1

L2

L3

N

PE

GROUND

FAULT

DETECTION

HF

TRANSFORMER

HF

TRANSFORMER

IN1.1(+)

IN1.2(+)

IN1.1(-)

IN1.2(-)

IN1

IN2

IN2.1(+)

IN1.2(+)

IN2.1(-)

IN2.2(-)

STANDARD VERSION

IN1

IN2

-S VERSION

RS485

+ T/R

- T/R

RTN

REMOTE CONTROL

+ R

- R

ALARM

N.C

N.O

C

L1 L1, S

L2 L2, S

L3 L3, S

N N, S

PE

IN1.1(+)

IN1.2(+)

IN1.1(-)

IN1.2(-)

IN2.1(+)

IN2.2(+)

IN2.1(-)

IN2.2(-)

(1)

(1)

IN1

IN2

-S1 / -S2 VERSION-NG

IN1.1(+)

IN1.2(+)

IN1.1(-)

IN1.2(-)

IN1.3(+)

IN1.3(-)

(1)

(1)

(1) if -PG version switch and fuses are on negative polarity.

IN2.1(+)

IN2.2(+)

IN2.1(-)

IN2.2(-)

IN2.3(+)

IN2.3(-)

(1)

(1)

-S2 VERSION

For 208Vac and 600Vac both 3-wire and 4-wire AC Grid Connections are allowed.

For 480Vac 4-wire AC Grid Connection is required.

3AURORA TRIO

TECHNICAL DATA VALUES PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US

Rated Grid AC Voltage V 208 480 600 Input Side (DC) Maximum Usable Power for Each Channel W 6800 MPPT Voltage Range V 220-470 Start- Up Voltage V Default: 200 (Adjustable 120-350) Absolute Maximum Voltage (Vmax) V 520 Maximum Current (Idcmax) for both MPPT in Parallel

A 48

Maximum Usable Current per Channel A 24 Number of Wire Landing Terminals per Channel Standard version: 2-S version=2-S1 version=3-S2 version=3 Number of Independent MPPT Channels Two; programmable as a single paralleled input Array Wiring Termination Pressure Clamp Terminal Blocks, 90° C termimals Output Side (AC) Grid Standard 3W or 4W 4W ONLY 3W or 4W Nominal Power W 10000

Voltage Range (Vmin-Vmax) V 183-228-12%/+10% VAC,R (Per UL 1741)

422-528-12%/+10% VAC,R

(Per UL 1741)

528-660-12%/+10% VAC,R

(Per UL 1741)

Grid Frequency; Range Hz 60; (59.3-60.5) field adjustable Maximum Current (Iac, max) A 30.0 14.0 10.6 Power Factor >0.995 (+/-0.9) Total Harmonic Distortion At Rated Power % THD <2 Derated Power at 60°C/140°F kWRMS 7250 8960 9600 Efficiency Maximum Efficiency % 96.5 97,3 97,3 CEC Efficiency % 96.0 97 97 Operating Parameters Feed-In Power Threshold WRMS 30 Stand-by Consumption WRMS less than 8.0 Topology Isolated - High Frequency transformer Mechanical Specifications Enclosure rating in/mn NEMA 4X Cooling Natural Convection

Conduit Connections 2ea x 3/4”KO trade size, 3 places (side, front, rear)4ea x 1/2” KO trade size, 2places, bottom (comm) Grid Wiring Termination Type Pressure Clamp Terminal BlocksSingle wire, 900C terminal wiring

Dimensions (W/H/D) in(mm) Standard (US version):25.4/28.2/8.7 (645/716/222 -S, -S1, or -S2 Version: 25.4/37.7/8.7 (645/958/222)

Unit Weight lb(kg) 101(45.8) (US version)107(48.5) (S version)121(55) (S1 version)114(51.7)(S2 version) Shipping Weight lbs(kg) with pallet: 254 (<115)without pallet:143 lb(<65) Mounting System Wall Brackett (Included) Environmental Ambient Air Temperature Range F(°C) -13...+140 (-25...+60) Noise Emission Level db (A) @1m <50 Relative Humidity %RH 0 to 100 %, condensing Maximum Operating Altitude without Derating ft(m) Full power: 6560(2000); derated operation above Protection Devices Output Anti-Islanding Protection According to local standardper UL1741/IEEE1547 External AC OCPD Rating ARMS 40 20 15 Over-Voltage Protection Type 3 plus gas arresterVaristor, One per line + spark gap to PE Input Reverse Polarity Protection yes, diode Maximum Short Circuit Current Limit per Channel A 29 Over-Voltage Protection Type Varistor, two for per MPPT PV Array Ground Fault Detection According to local standardGFDI (GFD fuse) per UL1741/NEC690.5 (A) DC Switch Current Rating (Per Contact) A/V 32/600 Ground Fault Detector Fuse Size/ Type A/Vmm 1/60010x38 Optional String Combiner Fuse Size/Type A, A/Vmm 12, 15/60010x38 Isolation Level POS or NEG ground referenced array (version specific) Safety and EMC Standard UL1741, CSA22.2 #107.1-01 Safety Approval cCSAus Features- Communication User-Interface (Display) 16 Characters X 2 lines LCD display(Front Panel Chassis Mount) Remote Monitoring (1xRS485 incl.) RS485

Wired Local Monitoring (1xRS485 incl.)

PVI-DESKTOP (opt)Use included RS485 port and (optional) PVI RS485-USB adaptor with

AURORA Communicator Software Wireless Local Monitoring PVI-DESKTOP (opt), WITH PVI-RADIO MODULE (opt) Warranty Standard Warranty Years 10 Extended Warranty Years 15 & 20 Available Models Standard - Positive Ground Standard - Positive Ground PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US-208-PG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US-480-PG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US-600-PG Standard - Negative Ground Standard - Negative Ground PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US-208-NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US-480-NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US-480-NG With DC Switches - Positive Ground With DC Switch - Positive Ground PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-208-PG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-480-PG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-480-PG With DC Switches - Negative Ground With DC Switch - Negative Ground PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-208-NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-480-NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-480-NG

With AC and DC Switches - Positive Ground With AC and DC Switches -

Positive Ground PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-208-PG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-480-PG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-480-PG

With AC and DC Switches - Negative Ground With AC and DC Switches -

Negative Ground PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-208-NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-208-NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-208-NG

*All data is subject to change without notice

***in the event of a fault, the external AC over current protection device will open www.power-one.com Ve r.

NA

1.

- A ll pr od uc ts a re su bj ec t t o te ch ni ca l i m pr ov em en ts w ith ou t n ot ic e

4 AURORA TRIO

Power-One Renewable Energy Worldwide Sales Offi ces

Country Name/Region Telephone Email

Australia Asia Pacifi c +61 2 9735 3111 sales.australia@power-one.com China (Shenzhen) Asia Pacifi c +86 755 2988 5888 sales.china@power-one.com China (Shanghai) Asia Pacifi c +86 21 5505 6907 sales.china@power-one.com India Asia Pacifi c +65 6896 3363 sales.india@power-one.com Singapore Asia Pacifi c +65 6896 3363 sales.singapore@power-one.com

Belgium / The Netherlands / Luxembourg Europe +32 2 206 0338 sales.belgium@power-one.com France Europe +33 (0) 141 796 140 sales.france@power-one.com Germany Europe +49 7641 955 2020 sales.germany@power-one.com Italy Europe 00 800 00287672 Opt. n°5 sales.italy@power-one.com Spain Europe +34 91 879 88 54 sales.spain@power-one.com United Kingdom Europe +44 1903 823 323 sales.UK@power-one.com

Dubai Middle East +971 50 100 4142 sales.dubai@power-one.com

Canada North America +1 877 261-1374 sales.canada@power-one.com USA East North America +1 877 261-1374 sales.usaeast@power-one.com USA Central North America +1 877 261-1374 sales.usacentral@power-one.com USA West North America +1 877 261-1374 sales.usawest@power-one.com

YOUR POWER-ONE DISTRIBUTOR

SOLIGENT

800-967-6917 www.soligent.net

Page 1 of 150 The Technical Manual:

PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

V:NA2 PN:BCG.00606 REV:AA

AURORA®

Photovoltaic Inverters

The Technical Manual:

PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-US/CAN

Page 2 of 150 The Technical Manual:

POWER-ONE TRADEMARKS:

Copyright © 2011 Power-One Renewable Energy Solutions LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of Power-One

Renewable Energy Solutions LLC. Power-One Renewable Energy Solutions LLC makes no representations, express or implied, with respect to this document or any of the equipment and/or software it may describe;

including (without limitation) any implied warranties of utility, or merchantability for any particular purpose.

All such warranties are expressly disclaimed. Power-One Renewable Energy Solutions LLC, its subsidiaries, affiliates, distributors and dealers shall not be liable for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages under any circumstances.

Power-One Renewable Energy LLC reserves the right to make changes to this document without notice and shall not be responsible for any damages, including indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, caused by reliance on the content presented, including, but not limited to, any omissions, typographical errors, arithmetical errors or listing errors. All trademarks, logos, trade names, service marks and copyrighted materials used in this document are the property of their respective owners. Failure to designate a mark as registered does not mean that such mark is not a registered trademark. The Power-One name and logo are registered trademarks of Power-One, Inc. in the U.S.A. and other countries. All rights reserved. No licenses are conveyed herein, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights.

Power-One

Renewable Energy Solutions LLC 740 Calle Plano

Camarillo, California, 93012 United States

Page 3 of 150 The Technical Manual:

CONTENTS

PART 1: INTRODUCTION & SAFETY

1.1 FOREWORD

1.2 INTRODUCTION

1.3 SAFETY

PART 2: UNPACK & SELECT INSTALLATION LOCATION

2.1 UNPACK AND INSPECT

2.2 SELECTING THE INSTALLATION LOCATION

PART 3: MOUNTING & WIRING

PART 3, SECTION I: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-US/CAN - NO SWITCHBOX VERSION

3.1 NAMEPLATE

3.2 UNIT MOUNTING PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-US/CAN-XXX-NG

3.3 INSTALLATION PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-US/CAN-XXX-NG

3.4 CONFIGURATION PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-US/CAN-XXX-NG

PART 3, SECTION II: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S/S1-US/CAN-XXX-YY

SECTION II-A: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S-US/CAN-XXX-YY WITHOUT FUSE HOLDERS

3.5 NAMEPLATE

3.6 MOUNTING PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S-US/CAN-XXX-YY

3.7 INSTALLATION PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S-US/CAN-XXX-YY

3.8 CONFIGURATION PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S-US/CAN-XXX-NG

SECTION II-B: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S1-US/CAN-XXX YY WITH FUSE HOLDERS

3.9 NAMEPLATE

3.10 MOUNTING PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S1-US/CAN-XXX-YY

3.11 INSTALLATION PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S1-US/CAN-XXX-YY

3.12 CONFIRGURATION OF PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S1-US/CAN-XXX-NG

PART 3, SECTION III:

PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S2-US/CAN-XXX

3.13 NAMEPLATE

3.14 MOUNTING PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S2-US/CAN-XXX-YY

3.15 INSTALLATION PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S2-US/CAN-XXX-YY

3.16 CONFIGURATION OF PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S2-US/CAN-XXX-NG

3.17 WIRING DETAILS FOR ALL VERSIONS

3.18 AURORA VISION SOFTWARE

Page 4 of 150 The Technical Manual:

PART 4: OPERATIONS GUIDE

4.1 COMMISSIONING

4.2 INVERTER START-UP AND OPERATION

4.3 USER INTERFACE, MONITORING AND DATA TRANSMISSION

4.4 LED INDICATORS

4.5 MESSAGES AND ERROR CODES

4.6 LCD DISPLAY

4.7 DATA CHECK AND COMMUNICATION

PART 5: TROUBLESHOOTING

5.1 TROUBLESHOOTING

5.2 LED INDICATORS

5.3 MESSAGES AND ERROR CODES

5.4 LCD DISPLAY

5.5 THE POWER-ONE SERVICE CALL

PART 6: MAINTENANCE GUIDE

6.1 MAINTENANCE

6.2 SHUT-DOWN PROCEDURE

6.3 POWER-DOWN PROCEDURES

6.4 GROUND FAULT DETECTOR FUSE REPLACEMENT

6.5 CR2032 LITHIUM BATTERY REPLACEMENT

PART 7: THE APPENDIX

7.1 DATA SHEETS

7.2 A DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM

7.3 PROTECTIVE DEVICES WITHIN THE AURORA INVERTER

7.4 INDEX OF FIGURES AND TABLES

Page 5 of 150 The Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

PART 1: INTRODUCTION & SAFETY

Page 6 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN Part 1 Introduction and Safety

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF THIS MANUAL

KEEP THESE INSTRUCTIONS!

This manual contains important instructions for safety and operation that must be followed during installation and maintenance of this photovoltaic inverter.

All operations regarding transport, installation, maintenance, and start-up must be carried out by qualified, trained technician or general contractor in compliance with all prevailing codes and regulations.

For a list of contractors certified to install this Power-One AURORA Inverter, please contact Power-One Customer Service at 877-261-1374.

1.1 FOREWORD

1.1.1 CONDITIONS OF WARRANTY AND SUPPLY

Warranty conditions are described in a certificate supplied with the equipment. The warranty conditions are understood to be valid if the installer or licensed contractor observes what is described in this manual. Any conditions deviating from those described below must be explicitly agreed upon in the purchase order.

1.1.1.1 Exclusions

Power-One assumes no liability for unauthorized changes to this equipment Unauthorized changes or modifications to the equipment will result in suspension of warranty and any changes resulting in physical damage or personnel injury is strictly the responsibility of the buyer.

Power-One declines any responsibility in case standards for correct installation are not adhered to and it is not liable for systems upstream or downstream of the equipment it has supplied.

Check for adequate spaces, adapted to accept the unit, air noise produced as a function of the environment, any conditions of flammability as installations can vary.

Power-One CANNOT be held responsible for lack of production even if it results from break-downs of the unit, or the data communication system.

Power-One CANNOT be held responsible for defects or malfunctions as a result of: improper use of the tool; alterations due to transportation or special environmental conditions; lack of/ or improper maintenance;

tampering, poor installation repairs or use.

Power-One CANNOT be held responsible for disposal of: displays, cables, batteries, accumulators etc. It is necessary that the user(s) dispose of such substances that are potentially harmful to the environment in accordance to the standards enforced in the country of installation.

Page 7 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.2 INTRODUCTION

THE INSTALLER MUST READ THIS DOCUMENT IN ITS ENTIRETY BEFORE INSTALLING OR

COMMISSIONING THIS EQUIPMENT

1.2.1 PURPOSE

The purpose of this document is to support the qualified technician, who has received training and/or has demonstrated skills and knowledge in construction to install and maintain this Power-One AURORA® Photovoltanic (PV) Inverter. This manual does not cover any details concerning equipment connected to the inverter such as the solar modules. Information concerning the connected equipment is available from the respective manufacturer.

This manual is a guide that will enable installers to work safely and carry out the operations necessary for keeping the equipment in good working order.

1.2.2 TARGET AUDIENCE

The installation is to be done by a qualified installer and/or licensed electrician or contractor who can install this product according to the applicable local codes and regulations (National Electric Code, Canada Electric Code wiring rules and others)

The customer must make sure the operator has the necessary skill and training to do his/her job.

Technician in charge of using and maintaining the equipment must be licensed and qualified for the described tasks and must have the experience to correctly interpret what is described in the manual.

For safety reasons only a qualified electrician, who has received training and/or has demonstrated skills and knowledge in construction and in operation of this unit, can install this inverter.

Page 8 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.2.3 VALIDITY AND AVAILABLE VERSIONS

There are three versions of the chassis, delineated by the presence of integral DC and/or AC disconnect.

PVI-10.0/12.0-I-OUTD-US/CAN-XXX-YY

[-US-] No switchbox version

28.2”H x 25.4”8.7”D 99 lb

Models do not have a switch box or integrated disconnect switches; requires external customer supplied switches.

PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S-US/CAN-XXX-YY [US]

Version w/DC switchbox

36.4”H x 25.4”W x 8.7”D 107 lb

Model has a small switchbox and provisioned with a DC disconnect switch. (Planned for phase out in 2012)

PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-S1-US/CAN-XXX-YY

[US] Version w/DC switchbox

36.4”H x 25.4”W x 8.7”D 107 lb

Model has a large switchbox and provisioned with integral DC switch and dual 3-string fused combiners.

PVI-10.0/12.O-I-OUTD-S2-US/CAN-XXX-YY

[-S2-US] Version w/DC and AC switchbox 36.4”H x 25.4”W x 8.3”D 119 lb

Model has a large switch box and provisioned with integral DC and AC disconnect switches, and dual 3-string fused combiners.

There are three grid-voltage options:

1. The 208 models are for connection to a 208VRMS/3Ø 3-wire or 4-wire distribution grid

2. The 480 models are for connection to a 480VRMS/3Ø/4W grid (Neutral required)

3. The 600 models are for connection to a 600VRMS/3Ø/3-wire or 4-wire distribution grid

Typically, the inverter is connected with the same number of wires as the distribution system. If connecting to a Y grid, use four wires (three phase conductors and neutral conductor).

There are two array ground reference options:

1. Negative Ground (NG) models have the negative side of the PV array referenced to ground and can operate in either the dual or parallel modes. (default)

2. Positive Ground (PG) models have the positive side of the PV array referenced to ground and can be operated in only the parallel mode (single MPPT with the two input channels paralleled.)

Table 0.01, below, shows feature data encoded into the part numbers.

Page 9 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

Table 0.01 - Part Number Coding Information

Product Series Output

Power Isolation Type Environ

Disconnect Switch

Options Use

Location Grid

Voltage Option

PV Array Ground

Reference Option

PVI - 10 - I - OUTD - S2 - US - 480 - NG

[PVI]

Aurora

PV

Inverter Platform

[10] 10kW Rated output

[12]

12kW Rated output

[I] High frequency isolation xformer

[OUTD]

Suitable for outdoor usage

[Empty] No Switch box

[S] With integral DC switch

[S1] integral DC switch &

Combiners*

[S2]

Integral AC and DC switches &

Combiners*

[US]

Designed for US Grid

[CAN]

Designed for

Canada Grid

[208] 208V/3Ø 3W-Δ or

4W-Y

[480] 480V/3Ø

4 Wire Only

[600]

600V/3Ø 3W-Δ or

[NG]

Negative Array ref.

[PG]

Positive Array ref.

* S1 and S2 versions have two 3x1 integral string combiners The example shown in this table indicates a 10kW output PV inverter with isolated output, provisioned with integral AC and DC front panel disconnect switches and wired for a 480V grid

The available versions are listed below:

10kW Models 10kW/no switchbox 10kW/DC switchbox 10kW/DC+AC switchbox

PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US-208-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-208-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-208-PG/NG

PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-US-480-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-480-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-480-PG/NG

PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-CAN-208-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-CAN-208-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-CAN-208-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-CAN-600-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-CAN-600-PG/NG PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-CAN-600-PG/NG

12kW Models

12kW/no switchbox 12kW/DC switchbox 12kW/DC+AC switchbox PVI-12.0-I-OUTD-US-480-PG/NG PVI-12.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-US-480-PG/NG PVI-12.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-480-PG/NG

PVI-12.0-I-OUTD-CAN-600-PG/NG PVI-12.0-I-OUTD-S/S1-CAN-600-PG/NG PVI-12.0-I-OUTD-S2-CAN-600-PG/NG

Page 10 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.2.4 NAMEPLATE

The nameplate attached to the equipment must absolutely NOT be removed, damaged, stained, etc. They are not to be hidden with external objects or parts such as rags, boxes, or other such equipment. They should be cleaned periodically and always maintained in view.

The nameplate shown above is affixed to the inverter and provides the following information:

1. Manufacturer code

2. Model code

3. Serial number

4. Week/Year of production

Figure 0.01 - Sample product nameplate (PVI-10.0-I-OUTD-S2-US-480-NG)

Technical data reported in this manual; however, does not substitute the data mentioned on the labels affixed to the equipment.

1.2.5 WARRANTY INFORMATION

After inspecting the AURORA Inverter, it is necessary to fill out the warranty information on this unit and submitted it to Power-One. Submitting this information will register the unit with the manufacturer and the owner will receive technical updates regarding this Power-One photovoltaic inverter.

1.2.6 COMMISSIONING:

As part of the commissioning process, double check the following:

• Make sure that there is no ground fault.

• Double check the voltage doesn’t exceed specified voltage ratings.

• See Part 4 on Operations for more information on commissioning and start- up.

1.2.7 MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

The AURORA Inverter has no user-serviceable parts. Maintenance and service procedures must comply with the manufacturer's documentation. For more detailed information, please see Part 6 on Maintenance. Call Power-One Customer Service at 877-261-1374 for a list of qualified service contractors.

Page 11 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.2.8 FIGURES AND IMAGES IN THIS MANUAL

The photos in this manual may differ slightly from the final model shipped. The color of the components may not match those illustrated, but the information is still applicable.

1.2.9 STORAGE OF THIS INFORMATION

Keep this document in a safe place near the AURORA Inverter for easy access during installation and maintenance.

1.2.10 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

More information on Power-One’s AURORA Inverter can be found at www.power-one.com or by scanning the following QR code:

http://www.power-one.com/

Page 12 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.3 SAFETY

1.3.1 WARNINGS IN THIS DOCUMENT:

This is a list of special safety symbols used in this manual that highlights potential safety risks and/or useful information. These symbols are as follows:

Symbol Usage

DANGER: Indicates a hazardous situation that if not avoided can result in deadly electric shock hazards, other serious physical injury, and/or fire hazards.

WARNING:

Indicates directions which must be fully understood and followed in its entirety in order to avoid potential safety hazards including equipment damage, or personal injury.

CAUTION: Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.

ATTENTION:

This points out that the examined area must not be entered or that the described operation must not be carried out. The reader should stop, use caution and fully understand the operations explained before proceeding.

NOTE: Contains actions and instructions that must be followed in order to avoid potential damage to the equipment and/or faults.

INFORMATION: Accompanies notes that call attention to supplementary information that ensure optimal operation of the system.

Indicates that the customer must make sure the operator has the necessary skill and training to do his/her job. Technician in charge of using and maintaining the equipment must be licensed and qualified for the described tasks and must have the experience to correctly interpret what is described in the manual.

Do NOT install this equipment while under the influence of drugs, narcotics;

or with health related issues that might impact mental or physical ability to operate at sound mind.

The employment of a person, who is NOT qualified, is, drunk or on narcotics, has a prosthetic mitral valve or a pacemaker is strictly forbidden.

When operating this equipment, always use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) recommended by the law and supplied by the employer. The customer is civilly liable for the qualification and mental or physical condition of the professional figures that interact with the equipment. They must always use the PPE enforced by the laws of the country of destination and whatever is provided by their employer.

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1.3.1.1 Other Symbols in this Document:

In addition to the safety and hazard symbols, the following symbols are also used in this installation guide:

System earth conductor (main grounding protective earth, PE)

Alternating Current (AC) Value

Direct Current (DC) Value ø Phase

Grounding (earth)

The equipment has various labels. Those with a yellow background refer to safety concerns. Be sure to read all labels before beginning installation of the equipment. If any questions arise as to the meaning or intent of these notices, please contact Power-One Technical Support at 877-261-1374. The descriptions of the symbols used are as follows:

WARNING

DANGEROUS VOLTAGE

The product works with high voltages. All work on the AURORA Inverter must follow the described documentation and must comply with all prevailing codes and regulations associated with high voltages. During inverter operation, parts will be energized at voltage levels.

HOT TEMPERATURE

Some surfaces may become hot. Do not touch the product while it is in operation.

UL 1741 Standard for Safety for Inverters, Converters, Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment for use with Distributed Energy Resources. CSA CSA-C22.2 No. 107.1-01 - General Use Power Supplies. Rule Part 15, Subpart B - Unintentional Radiators Class B Limits javascript:edit(2622)

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1.3.1.2 General Installation Warnings

The AURORA Inverter is designed and tested according to international safety requirements; however, certain safety precautions must be observed when installing and operating this inverter. Read and follow all instructions, cautions and warnings in this installation manual. If questions arise, please contact Power-One’s technical services at 877-261-1374.

All operations regarding transport, installation and start-up, including maintenance must be carried out by qualified, trained personnel and in compliance with all prevailing local codes and regulations.

Normal operation of this grid-tied inverter system is possible only when properly connected to an appropriate AC distribution network (grid). Before connecting the AURORA Inverter to the local distribution grid, approval from the grid operator and any local authority having jurisdiction is required. Installation and connection of the inverter must be done by qualified technical personnel.

The Power-One AURORA Inverter is designed and tested according to international safety requirements (IEEE 1547), but as with all electrical and electronic equipment, certain precautions must be observed and followed during installation.

Keep this documentation in the immediate vicinity of the AURORA Inverter. It must be accessible for approved technical service and maintenance personal at any time.

Basic safety rules require using qualified and trained personnel possessing the skills necessary for assembly, mounting, start-up and operation of the product.

1.3.1.3 Assembly Warnings

Prior to installation, inspect the unit to ensure absence of any transport or handling damage, which could affect insulation integrity or safety clearances; failure to do so could result in safety hazards.

Assemble the inverter per the instructions in this manual. Use care when choosing installation location and adhere to specified cooling requirements.

Unauthorized removal of necessary protections, improper use, incorrect installation and operation may lead to serious safety and shock hazards and/or equipment damage.

1.3.1.4 Electrical Connection Warnings

Make all electrical connections (e.g. conductor termination, fuses, PE connection, etc.) in accordance with prevailing regulations. When working with the inverter powered ON, adhere to all prevailing safety regulations to minimize risk of accidents.

Systems with inverters typically require additional control (e.g., switches, disconnects) or protective devices (e.g., fusing circuit breakers) depending upon the prevailing safety rules.

Power-One does not provide AC output overcurrent protection.

Page 15 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.3.1.5 Operation Warnings

Anytime the inverter has been disconnected from the power network, use extreme caution as some components can retain charge sufficient to create a shock hazard; to minimize occurrence of such conditions, comply with all corresponding safety symbols and markings present on the unit and in this manual.

Ensure all covers and doors are closed and secure during operation.

All operations regarding transport, installation and start-up, including maintenance must be by qualified, trained personnel and in compliance with all prevailing codes and regulations.

1.3.2 APPROPRIATE USAGE

The AURORA Inverter is a photovoltaic inverter that converts direct current of a PV array into alternating current and feeds that power into the power-distribution grid. This AURORA Inverter is designed for outdoor use, but can be used indoors if installed according to the National Electric Code and abiding by specified environmental and mounting parameters as stated in this manual. See Environmental Conditions and Mounting Location for more information.

This AURORA Inverter is designed for outdoor used, but can be used indoors if installed according to the National Code and abiding by specified environmental and mounting parameters as stated in this manual.

See Environmental Conditions and Mounting Location for more information.

1.3.2.1 Field Of Use, General Conditions

Power-One accepts no liability for damage of any kind that may arise from incorrect or careless operations.

The equipment must not be used in ways that do not fall within the intended field of use. The equipment MUST be used O N L Y by experienced, licensed contractors/technicians to carry out operations on the equipment that are in accordance with what is described in this manual and in the attached documents.

Page 16 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.3.2.2 Intended or Allowed Use

This equipment is an inverter designed to: transform a Direct Electric Current (DC) coming from a photovoltaic generator (PV) into an Alternating Electric Current (AC) connected to an AC grid.

1.3.2.3 Limits of the Field Of Use

The operating current dispersed during the normal operation MUST NOT exceed the limits documented in the technical specifications. The inverter can only be used if all the technical characteristics are observed.

1.3.2.4 Improper or Prohibited Use

The following actions are prohibited when using this AURORA Inverter.

Installing the equipment in environments with particular flammability conditions or in adverse or constrained environmental conditions (temperature and humidity).

Using the equipment with safety devices not working or disabled.

The inverter meets NEMA4 construction standards. Connection to equipment other than NEMA4 must meet requirements of local codes and standards.

Modifying the operating parameters that are restricted to the operator and/or parts of the equipment to vary the performance or change its insulations.

Cleaning with corrosive products that may damage parts of the equipment or generate electrostatic charges.

Using or installing the equipment or parts without having read and correctly interpreted the contents of the operating and maintenance section.

Do not warm or dry rags on the unit or accessory parts. This is dangerous and could compromise the ventilation and cooling of the components.

1.3.2.5 Environmental Conditions and Risks

The equipment can be installed outdoors, but only in environmental conditions that do not prevent its regular operation.

Adverse environmental conditions, such as: sun, rain, snow, wind, extreme hot or sever cold, altitudes, humidity, etc., can lead to a reduction in performance.

Power-One CANNOT be held responsible for disposal of the equipment: displays, cables, batteries, accumulators, etc. Therefore the customer must dispose of these substances in accordance with the regulations in the country of installation.

The same precautions should be adopted for dismantling the equipment.

Do not operate around explosives or hazardous environmental conditions.

The installer and/or operator should appropriately train personnel in the proper operation of the inverter. The installer and/or operator must properly secure the installation premises from public access and/or highlight with warning signs to communicate the potential hazards of the equipment, e.g., magnetic fields, hazardous voltages, high temperatures, possibility of discharges, generic hazard, etc.

Page 17 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.3.3 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS – SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS!

DANGER:

Be sure all flammable materials including construction items are away from the unit. Do not install the inverter in or near potentially explosive areas.

Normally grounded conductors may be ungrounded and energized when a ground-fault is indicated.

• Risk of electric shock

• Test before touching

• Work on the AURORA Inverter must be carried out by qualified personnel.

Do not connect an AURORA Inverter to the electrical distribution grid until after receipt of a letter of authorization from the authority having jurisdiction.

Install the AURORA Inverter in accordance with the electrical standards prescribed by the applicable National Electric Code and/or by other local codes and regulations.

1.3.3.1 General Information

The equipment has been manufactured in accordance with the strictest accident-prevention regulations and supplied with safety devices suitable for the protection of components and operators.

Inform the user about non-standard installation conditions.

It is essential to provide operators with correct information. They must comply with the technical information given in the manual and in the attached documentation.

The instructions given in the manual does not replace the safety devices and technical data for installation and operation mounted on the product. They do not replace the safety regulations enforced in the country of installation and common sense rules.

The manufacturer is willing to train contractors, at its premises or on site, in accordance with conditions to be set out in the contract.

Do not use the equipment if any issues affecting safety or normal operation are found. Avoid temporary repairs. All repairs should be carried out using only factory approved spare parts, installed in accordance with its intended use and by a licensed contractor or authorized Power-One Service representative. Liabilities arising from commercial components are delegated to their respective manufacturers.

Page 18 of 150 The Technical Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

1.3.3.2 Thermal Hazard

10 min

WARNING: Certain parts may be extremely hot immediately following shut down due to normal elevated surface temperatures (e.g.: transformers, accumulators, coils etc)

CAUTION: After shutdown, wait at least 10 minutes before removing guards or covers in order to allow devices inside the unit to cool and allow any electrostatic charges and parasitic voltages to be discharged.

Prior to touching any part of the inverter use care to ensure surfaces and equipment are at touch-safe temperatures and voltage potentials before proceeding.

1.3.3.3 Clothing and Protective Devices

Sharp edges and corners have been minimized at the factory, but not completely eliminated; therefore, always wear protective clothing and personal protective devices compliant with prevailing safety standards.

Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) must be worn at all times when operating or servicing this equipment.

All operations on the equipment should be performed with properly electrically insulated instruments.

1.3.4 LOCATION OF SAFETY NOTICES

Please note the location of safety notices on the AURORA Inverter for notification and protection. They are located on both side panels of this unit.

1.3.4.1 Safety Notices

The location of safety notices on the AURORA Inverter for notification and protection are located on both sides of the equipment and in the inside of the box.

The notices must be cleaned regularly and kept visible at all times. This means they must NOT be hidden with objects and extraneous parts (rags, boxes, equipment, etc.). The technical data shown in this manual does not in any case replace those shown on the plates attached to the equipment.

Page 19 of 150 The Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

PART 2: UNPACK & SELECT

INSTALLATION LOCATION

Page 20 of 150 The Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN Part 2 Unpack and Select Installation Location

2.1 UNPACK AND INSPECT

2.1.1 INCOMING INSPECTION

It is the customer’s responsibility to examine the condition of the unit shipped.

Upon receipt of Power-One’s AURORA Inverter, please perform the following check:

• Inspect the shipping container for any external damage.

• Inventory the contents against the listing of Table 0.02 - and verify receipt of all items. Use care not to discard any equipment, parts, or manuals.

• Call the delivering carrier if damage or shortage is detected.

• If inspection reveals damage to the inverter, contact the supplier, or authorized distributor for a repair/return determination and instructions regarding the return/repair process.

Table 0.02 - Package contents QTY Description

1 AURORA Inverter

1 AURORA Inverter mounting plate

Bag containing hardware:

6.3x70 screws SX10 blocks, 6x10 screw d.18 washer Mating connector for Remote ON/OFF (3 poles) Mating connector for RS485 terminal block (8 poles) Torx 20 wrench Wire jumpers

1 Installation and Operator's Manual

1 Certificate of warranty

1 CD-ROM with communication software

Install the AURORA Inverter in accordance with the electrical standards prescribed by the applicable National Electric Code and/or by other local regulations and codes.

Do not connect an AURORA Inverter to the electrical distribution grid until after receipt of a letter of authorization from the authority having jurisdiction.

Page 21 of 150 The Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

2.2 SELECTING THE INSTALLATION LOCATION

2.2.1 NOTES ON DIMENSIONING OF THE SYSTEM

Decisions about how to structure a photovoltaic system depend on a certain number of factors and considerations to meet the type of panels, the availability of space, the expected location of the system, energy production goals over the long term, etc., A program designed to optimize string configuration and help to correctly size the photovoltaic system is available on the Power-One website at www.power-one.com

2.2.2 GENERAL INSTALLATION CONDITIONS

Installation of the equipment is carried out based on the grid system and site in which the equipment is installed; therefore, its performance depends on the accuracy of the connections.

Staff authorized to carry out the installation must be specialized and experienced in this job; they must also have received suitable training on equipment of this type.

The operation must be carried out by licensed contractor or electrician. Comply with what is written in this manual, follow the diagrams and attached documentation.

For safety reason only a qualified electrician, who has received training and / or has demonstrated skills and knowledge in construction and in operation of this unit, can install this inverter.

The installation is done by qualified installers and/or licensed electrician according to the applicable local code regulations (National Electric Code(NEC) & CEC, other local wiring regulations ) The connection of an inverter energy system to the electricity distribution network shall be approved by the appropriate electrical distributor or authority having jurisdiction.

The installation must be carried out with the equipment disconnected from the grid (power disconnect switch open) and with the photovoltaic panels shaded or isolated.

2.2.3 INSTALLATION POSITION

Select the installation location based on the following considerations:

1. Select a well-ventilated location sheltered from direct sun radiation.

2. Choose a location that allows unobstructed airflow around the inverter.

3. Allow sufficient room around the inverter to enable easy installation and removal from the mounting surface.

4. Height from ground level should be such that the display and status LEDs are easy to read.

5. Access panels on the front surface of the inverter allow inspection and maintenance of hardware; and must not be blocked. Figure 0.02 shows the recommended minimum clearances around the inverter.

6. When possible, mount the AURORA Inverter vertically. For other mounting orientations consult with

Power-One.

7. Tilted mounting (±5° from vertical) is acceptable, but will reduce heat dissipation and may result in self-derating.

http://www.power-one.com/

Page 22 of 150 The Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

Figure 0.02 - Minimum Clearances around the AURORA Inverter

The inverter surface may become hot to the touch during operation. To avoid burn injury, DO NOT touch the inverter surface during operation.

Recommended Arrangement

Unacceptable Arrangement

Figure 0.03 – Installation Arrangement for AURORA 3-Phase Inverter

NOTE

Do not mount the AURORA Inverter where exposed to direct sun radiation or any other heat source. This includes heat generated by other AURORA Inverters;

otherwise, the inverter will self protect, resulting in derated power output.

When the ambient temperature rises above 113°F/ 45°C the inverter may self-derate the output power.

For full power of AURORA Inverter (no derating), be sure the airflow through the heat sink is clear. Blockages will result in less than expected power output.

Page 23 of 150 The Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

For staggered or side-by-side arrangement of multiple inverters, combine the minimum clearance distances where applicable.

2.2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKS

• See Part 7: Appendix: Technical Data to check the environmental parameters to be observed

(degree of protection, temperature, humidity, altitude, etc.)

• Do not expose to direct sunlight to avoid unwanted power derating due to an increase in the internal temperature of the inverter.

• Do not install in small, closed rooms where air cannot circulate freely.

• To avoid overheating, always make sure the flow of air around the inverter is not blocked.

• Do not install in places where gasses or flammable substances may be present.

• Do not install in rooms where people or animals live or are present for long periods of time due to the noise of the inverter.

• Avoid electromagnetic interference that can compromise the correct operation of electronic equipment with consequent situations of danger.

Page 24 of 150 The Manual: PVI-10/12-I-OUTD-(US,S,S1,S2)-US/CAN

2.2.5 HIGH ALTITUDE INSTALLATIONS (ABOVE 2000 METERS/6562 FEET)

When the installation site is in a high-altitude location, the effects of the thin, dry air on the…