36C25622R0094 230711 HVAC AND BOILER PLANT INSULATION .docx
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- Z2DA--Project #502-19-107 - Replace AHU-104 - Construction - 36C25622R0094 Federal contract opportunity
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- 502-19-107
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This specification covers the requirements for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning insulation materials and installation for Project #502-19-107 to replace air handling unit AHU-104 at the Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System in Alexandria, Louisiana. Insulation materials include mineral fiber board and blanket, cellular glass, flexible elastomeric cellular thermal insulation, and associated facings, jackets, adhesives, and accessories. Duct, pipe, and equipment are to be insulated according to the thicknesses and materials scheduled. Installation requirements specify preparing and cleaning surfaces, applying materials continuously and with tight joints, terminating insulation properly, protecting outside insulation, and firestopping penetrations.
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REPLACE AHU #104 AND DUCTWORK BLDG. 7
DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS HEALTH CARE SYSTEM-ALEXANDRIA, LA
PROJECT NO.: 502-19-107
SECTION 23 07 11
HVAC AND BOILER PLANT INSULATION
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
| A. | Field applied insulation for thermal efficiency and condensation control for |
| 1. | HVAC piping, ductwork and equipment. |
| B. | Definitions |
| 1. | ASJ: All service jacket, white finish facing or jacket. |
| 2. | Air-conditioned space: Space having air temperature and/or humidity controlled by mechanical equipment. |
| 3. | Cold: Equipment, ductwork or piping handling media at design temperature of 16 degrees C (60 degrees F) or below. |
| 4. | Concealed: Ductwork and piping above ceilings and in chases, interstitial space, and pipe spaces. |
| 5. | Exposed: Piping, ductwork, and equipment exposed to view in finished areas including mechanical and electrical equipment rooms or exposed to outdoor weather. Attics and crawl spaces where air handling units are located are considered to be mechanical rooms. Shafts, chases, interstitial spaces, unfinished attics, crawl spaces and pipe basements are not considered finished areas. |
| 6. | FSK: Foilscrimkraft facing. |
| 7. | Hot: HVAC Ductwork handling air at design temperature above 16 degrees C (60 degrees F);HVAC equipment or piping handling media above 41 degrees C (105 degrees F) and piping media and equipment 32 to 230 degrees C(90 to 450 degrees F). |
| 8. | Density: kg/m3 - kilograms per cubic meter (Pcf - pounds per cubic foot). |
| 9. | Runouts: Branch pipe connections up to 25-mm (one-inch) nominal size to fan coil units or reheat coils for terminal units. |
| 10. | Thermal conductance: Heat flow rate through materials. |
| a. | Flat surface: Watt per square meter (BTU per hour per square foot). |
| b. | Pipe or Cylinder: Watt per square meter (BTU per hour per linear foot). |
| 11. | Thermal Conductivity (k): Watt per meter, per degree C (BTU per inch thickness, per hour, per square foot, per degree F temperature difference). |
| 12. | Vapor Retarder (Vapor Barrier): A material which retards the transmission (migration) of water vapor. Performance of the vapor retarder is rated in terms of permeance (perms). For the purpose of this specification, vapor retarders shall have a maximum published permeance of 0.1 perms and vapor barriers shall have a maximum published permeance of 0.001 perms. |
| 13. | HWH: Hot water heating supply. |
| 14. | HWHR: Hot water heating return. |
| 15. | CW: Cold water. |
| 16. | HW: Hot water. |
| 17. | CH: Chilled water supply. |
| 18. | CHR: Chilled water return. |
| 19. | GC: Chilled glycol-water supply. |
| 20. | GCR: Chilled glycol-water return. |
| 21. | RS: Refrigerant suction. |
| 22. | PVDC: Polyvinylidene chloride vapor retarder jacketing, white. |
1.2 RELATED WORK
| A | Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, and SAMPLES. |
| B. | Section 07 84 00, FIRESTOPPING. |
| C. | Section 23 05 11, COMMON WORK RESULTS FOR HVAC. |
| D. | Section 23 08 00, COMMISSIONING OF HVAC SYSTEMS. |
| E. | Section 23 21 13, HYDRONIC PIPING. |
1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE
| A. | Refer to article QUALITY ASSURANCE, in Section 23 05 11, COMMON WORK RESULTS FOR HVAC. |
| B. | Criteria: |
| 1. | Comply with NFPA 90A, particularly paragraphs 4.3.3.1 through 4.3.3.6, 4.3.10.2.6, and 5.4.6.4, parts of which are quoted as follows: |
4.3.3.1 Pipe insulation and coverings, duct coverings, duct linings, vapor retarder facings, adhesives, fasteners, tapes, and supplementary materials added to air ducts, plenums, panels, and duct silencers used in duct systems, unless otherwise provided for in 4.3.3.1.1 or 4.3.3.1.2., shall have, in the form in which they are used, a maximum flame spread index of 25 without evidence of continued progressive combustion and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with NFPA 255, Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials.
4.3.3.1.1 Where these products are to be applied with adhesives, they shall be tested with such adhesives applied, or the adhesives used shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when in the final dry state. (See 4.2.4.2.)
4.3.3.1.2 The flame spread and smoke developed index requirements of 4.3.3.1.1 shall not apply to air duct weatherproof coverings where they are located entirely outside of a building, do not penetrate a wall or roof, and do not create an exposure hazard.
4.3.3.2 Closure systems for use with rigid and flexible air ducts tested in accordance with UL 181, Standard for Safety Factory-Made Air Ducts and Air Connectors, shall have been tested, listed, and used in accordance with the conditions of their listings, in accordance with one of the following:
| (1) | UL 181A, Standard for Safety Closure Systems for Use with Rigid Air Ducts and Air Connectors |
| (2) | UL 181B, Standard for Safety Closure Systems for Use with Flexible Air Ducts and Air Connectors |
4.3.3.3 Air duct, panel, and plenum coverings and linings, and pipe insulation and coverings shall not flame, glow, smolder, or smoke when tested in accordance with a similar test for pipe covering, ASTM C 411, Standard Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation, at the temperature to which they are exposed in service.
4.3.3.3.1 In no case shall the test temperature be below 121°C (250°F).
4.3.3.4 Air duct coverings shall not extend through walls or floors that are required to be fire stopped or required to have a fire resistance rating, unless such coverings meet the requirements of 5.4.6.4.
4.3.3.5* Air duct linings shall be interrupted at fire dampers to prevent interference with the operation of devices.
4.3.3.6 Air duct coverings shall not be installed so as to conceal or prevent the use of any service opening.
4.3.10.2.6 Materials exposed to the airflow shall be noncombustible or limited combustible and have a maximum smoke developed index of 50 or comply with the following.
4.3.10.2.6.1 Electrical wires and cables and optical fiber cables shall be listed as noncombustible or limited combustible and have a maximum smoke developed index of 50 or shall be listed as having a maximum peak optical density of 0.5 or less, an average optical density of 0.15 or less, and a maximum flame spread distance of 1.5 m (5 ft) or less when tested in accordance with NFPA 262, Standard Method of Test for Flame Travel and Smoke of Wires and Cables for Use in Air-Handling Spaces.
4.3.10.2.6.2 Optical-fiber and communication raceways shall be listed as having a maximum peak optical density of 0.5 or less, an average optical density of 0.15 or less, and a maximum flame spread distance of 1.5 m (5 ft) or less when tested in accordance with UL 2024, Standard for Safety Optical-Fiber Cable Raceway.
4.3.10.2.6.3 Supplementary materials for air distribution systems shall be permitted when complying with the provisions of 4.3.3.
4.3.10.3.6.4 Where air ducts pass through walls, floors, or partitions that are required to have a fire resistance rating and where fire dampers are not required, the opening in the construction around the air duct shall be as follows:
(1) Not exceeding a 25.4 mm (1 in.) average clearance on all sides
(2) Filled solid with an approved material capable of preventing the passage of flame and hot gases sufficient to ignite cotton waste when subjected to the time-temperature fire conditions required for fire barrier penetration as specified in NFPA 251, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction and Materials
| 2. | Test methods: ASTM E84, UL 723, or NFPA 255. |
| 3. | Specified k factors are at 24 degrees C (75 degrees F) mean temperature unless stated otherwise. Where optional thermal insulation material is used, select thickness to provide thermal conductance no greater than that for the specified material. For pipe, use insulation manufacturer's published heat flow tables. For domestic hot water supply and return, run out insulation and condensation control insulation, no thickness adjustment need be made. |
| 4. | All materials shall be compatible and suitable for service temperature and shall not contribute to corrosion or otherwise attack surface to which applied in either the wet or dry state. |
| C. | Every package or standard container of insulation or accessories delivered to the job site for use must have a manufacturer's stamp or label giving the name of the manufacturer and description of the material. |
1.4 SUBMITTALS
| A. | Submit in accordance with Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, and SAMPLES. |
| B. | Shop Drawings: |
| 1. | All information, clearly presented, shall be included to determine compliance with drawings and specifications and ASTM, federal and military specifications. |
| a. | Insulation materials: Specify each type used and state surface burning characteristics. |
| b. | Insulation facings and jackets: Each type used. Make it clear that white finish will be furnished for exposed ductwork, casings and equipment. |
| c. | Insulation accessory materials: Each type used. |
| d. | Manufacturer's installation and fitting fabrication instructions for flexible unicellular insulation. |
| e. | Refer to applicable specification paragraph numbers for coordination. |
| C. | Samples: |
| 1. | Each type of insulation: Minimum size 100 mm (4 inches) square for board/block/ blanket; 150 mm (6 inches) long, full diameter for round types. |
| 2. | Each type of facing and jacket: Minimum size 100 mm (4 inches square). |
| 3. | Each accessory material: Minimum 120 ML (4 ounce) liquid container or 120 gram (4 ounce) dry weight for adhesives / cement / mastic. |
1.5 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF MATERIAL
Store materials in clean and dry environment, pipe covering jackets shall be clean and unmarred. Place adhesives in original containers. Maintain ambient temperatures and conditions as required by printed instructions of manufacturers of adhesives, mastics and finishing cements.
1.6 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS
| A. | The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referenced in the text by basic designation only. |
| B. | Federal Specifications (Fed. Spec.): |
| LP535E (2)- 1999 | Plastic Sheet (Sheeting): Plastic Strip; Poly (Vinyl Chloride) and Poly (Vinyl Chloride - Vinyl Acetate), Rigid. |
| C. | Military Specifications (Mil. Spec.): |
MILA3316C -1987 Adhesives, FireResistant, Thermal Insulation MILA24179A (1)-2016 Adhesive, Flexible UnicellularPlastic Thermal Insulation MILC19565C (1)- 2016 Coating Compounds, Thermal Insulation, Fire-and Water-Resistant, Vapor-Barrier
| MILC20079H-1987 | Cloth, Glass; Tape, Textile Glass; and Thread, Glass and Wire-Reinforced Glass |
| D. | American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): |
| A16799 2014 | Standard Specification for Stainless and HeatResisting ChromiumNickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip |
| B2092014 | Standard Specification for Aluminum and AluminumAlloy Sheet and Plate |
| C411-2019 | Standard test method for HotSurface Performance of HighTemperature Thermal Insulation |
| C4492019 | Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber HydraulicSetting Thermal Insulating and Finishing Cement |
| C5332017 | Standard Specification for Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation |
| C5342017... | Standard Specification for Preformed Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular Form |
| C547-2017 | Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber pipe Insulation |
| C55207 | Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation |
| C553-2015 | Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications |
| C585-2016 | Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Rigid Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing (NPS System) R (1998) |
| C612-2014 | Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation |
| C1126- 2019 | Standard Specification for Faced or Unfaced Rigid Cellular Phenolic Thermal Insulation |
| C1136- 2017 | Standard Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation |
| D166897a 2017 | Standard Specification for Glass Fabrics (Woven and Treated) for Roofing and Waterproofing |
| E84-2014 | Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building |
Materials
| E1192007 | Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials |
| E1362019 | Standard Test Methods for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 degrees C (1380 F) |
| E. | National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): |
| 90A-2018 | Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems |
| 96-2018 | Standards for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations |
| 101-2018 | Life Safety Code |
| 251-2014 | Standard methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction Materials |
| 255-2006 | Standard Method of tests of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials |
| F. | Underwriters Laboratories, Inc (UL): |
| 723-2018 | UL Standard for Safety Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials with Revision of 09/08 |
| G. | Manufacturer’s Standardization Society of the Valve and Fitting Industry (MSS): |
| SP58-2018 | Pipe Hangers and Supports Materials, Design, and Manufacture |
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MINERAL FIBER or fiber glass
| A. | ASTM C612 (Board, Block), Class 1 or 2, density 48 kg/m3 (3 pcf), k = 0.037 (0.26) at 24 degrees C (75 degrees F), external insulation for temperatures up to 204 degrees C (400 degrees F) with foil scrim (FSK) facing. |
| B. | ASTM C553 (Blanket, Flexible) Type I, Class B-5, Density 32 kg/m3 (2 pcf), k = 0.04 (0.27) at 24 degrees C (75 degrees F), for use at temperatures up to 204 degrees C (400 degrees F) with foil scrim (FSK) facing. |
| C. | ASTM C547 (Pipe Fitting Insulation and Preformed Pipe Insulation), Class 1, k = 0.037 (0.26) at 24 degrees C (75 degrees F), for use at temperatures up to 230 degrees C (450 degrees F) with an all service vapor retarder jacket with polyvinyl chloride premolded fitting covering. |
2.2 Mineral wool or refractory fiber
A. Comply with Standard ASTM C612, Class 3, 450 degrees C (850 degrees F).
2.3 CELLULAR GLASS closed-cell
| A. | Comply with Standard ASTM C177, C518, density 120 kg/m3 (7.5 pcf) nominal, k = 0.033 (0.29) at 240 degrees C (75 degrees F). |
| B. | Pipe insulation for use at temperatures up to 200 degrees C (400 degrees F) with all service vapor retarder jacket. |
2.4 FLEXIBLE ELASTOMERIC CELLULAR THERMAL
ASTM C177, C518, k = 0.039 (0.27) at 24 degrees C (75 degrees F), flame spread not over 25, smoke developed not over 50, for temperatures from minus 4 degrees C (40 degrees F) to 93 degrees C (200 degrees F). No jacket required.
2.5 INSULATION FACINGS AND JACKETS
| A. | Vapor Retarder, higher strength with low water permeance = 0.02 or less perm rating, Beach puncture 50 units for insulation facing on exposed ductwork, casings and equipment, and for pipe insulation jackets. Facings and jackets shall be all service type (ASJ) or PVDC Vapor Retarder jacketing. |
| B. | ASJ jacket shall be white kraft bonded to 0.025 mm (1 mil) thick aluminum foil, fiberglass reinforced, with pressure sensitive adhesive closure. Comply with ASTM C1136. Beach puncture 50 units, Suitable for painting without sizing. Jackets shall have minimum 40 mm (1-1/2 inch) lap on longitudinal joints and minimum 75 mm (3 inch) butt strip on end joints. Butt strip material shall be same as the jacket. Lap and butt strips shall be self-sealing type with factory-applied pressure sensitive adhesive. |
| C. | Vapor Retarder medium strength with low water vapor permeance of 0.02 or less perm rating), Beach puncture 25 units: FoilScrimKraft (FSK) or PVDC vapor retarder jacketing type for concealed ductwork and equipment. |
| D. | Field applied vapor barrier jackets shall be provided, in addition to the specified facings and jackets, on all exterior piping and ductwork as well as on interior piping and ductwork exposed to outdoor air (i.e., in ventilated attics, piping in ventilated (not air conditioned) spaces, etc.) in high humidity areas conveying fluids below ambient temperature. The vapor barrier jacket shall consist of a multi-layer laminated cladding with a maximum water vapor permeance of 0.001 perms. The minimum puncture resistance shall be 35 cm-kg (30 inch-pounds) for interior locations and 92 cm-kg (80 inch-pounds) for exterior or exposed locations or where the insulation is subject to damage. |
| E. | Glass Cloth Jackets: Presized, minimum 0.18 kg per square meter (7.8 ounces per square yard), 2000 kPa (300 psig) bursting strength with integral vapor retarder where required or specified. Weather proof if utilized for outside service. |
| F. | Factory composite materials may be used provided that they have been tested and certified by the manufacturer. |
| G. | Pipe fitting insulation covering (jackets): Fitting covering shall be premolded to match shape of fitting and shall be polyvinyl chloride (PVC) conforming to Fed Spec L-P-335, composition A, Type II Grade GU, and Type III, minimum thickness 0.7 mm (0.03 inches). Provide color matching vapor retarder pressure sensitive tape. |
| H. | Aluminum Jacket-Piping systems: ASTM B209, 3003 alloy, H-14 temper, 0.6 mm (0.023 inch) minimum thickness with locking longitudinal joints. Jackets for elbows, tees and other fittings shall be factory-fabricated to match shape of fitting and of 0.6 mm (0.024) inch minimum thickness aluminum. Fittings shall be of same construction as straight run jackets but need not be of the same alloy. Factory-fabricated stainless-steel bands shall be installed on all circumferential joints. Bands shall be 13 mm (0.5 inch) wide on 450 mm (18 inch) centers. System shall be weatherproof if utilized for outside service. |
2.6 Removable insulation jackets
| A. | Insulation and Jacket: |
| 1. | Non-Asbestos Glass mat, type E needled fiber. |
| 2. | Temperature maximum of 450°F, Maximum water vapor transmission of 0.00 perm, and maximum moisture absorption of 0.2 percent by volume. |
| 3. | Jacket Material: Silicon/fiberglass and LFP 2109 pure PTFE. |
| 4. | Construction: One piece jacket body with three-ply braided pure Teflon or Kevlar thread and insulation sewn as part of jacket. Belt fastened. |
2.7 pipe covering protection saddles
| A. | Cold pipe support: Premolded pipe insulation 180 degrees (half-shells) on bottom half of pipe at supports. Material shall be cellular glass or high density Polyisocyanurate insulation of the same thickness as adjacent insulation. Density of Polyisocyanurate insulation shall be a minimum of 48 kg/m3 (3.0 pcf). |
| Nominal Pipe Size and Accessories Material (Insert Blocks) |
| Nominal Pipe Size mm (inches) |
| Insert Blocks mm (inches) |
| Up through 125 (5) |
| 150 (6) long |
| 150 (6) |
| 150 (6) long |
| 200 (8), 250 (10), 300 (12) |
| 225 (9) long |
| 350 (14), 400 (16) |
| 300 (12) long |
| 450 through 600 (18 through 24) |
| 350 (14) long |
| B. | Warm or hot pipe supports: Premolded pipe insulation (180-degree half-shells) on bottom half of pipe at supports. Material shall be high density Polyisocyanurate (for temperatures up to 149 degrees C [300 degrees F]), cellular glass or calcium silicate. Insulation at supports shall have same thickness as adjacent insulation. Density of Polyisocyanurate insulation shall be a minimum of 48 kg/m3 (3.0 pcf). |
| 2.8 | adhesive, Mastic, Cement |
| A. | Mil. Spec. MILA3316, Class 1: Jacket and lap adhesive and protective finish coating for insulation. |
| B. | Mil. Spec. MILA3316, Class 2: Adhesive for laps and for adhering insulation to metal surfaces. |
| C. | Mil. Spec. MILA24179, Type II Class 1: Adhesive for installing flexible unicellular insulation and for laps and general use. |
| D. | Mil. Spec. MILC19565, Type I: Protective finish for outdoor use. |
| E. | Mil. Spec. MILC19565, Type I or Type II: Vapor barrier compound for indoor use. |
| F. | ASTM C449: Mineral fiber hydraulicsetting thermal insulating and finishing cement. |
| G. | Other: Insulation manufacturers' published recommendations. |
2.9 Mechanical Fasteners
| A. | Pins, anchors: Welded pins, or metal or nylon anchors with galvanized steelcoated or fiber washer, or clips. Pin diameter shall be as recommended by the insulation manufacturer. |
| B. | Staples: Outward clinching stainless steel. |
| C. | Wire: 1.3 mm thick (18 gage) soft annealed galvanized or 1.9 mm (14 gage) copper clad steel or nickel copper alloy. |
| D. | Bands: 13 mm (0.5 inch) nominal width, brass, galvanized steel, aluminum or stainless steel. |
2.10 Reinforcement and Finishes
| A. | Glass fabric, open weave: ASTM D1668, Type III (resin treated) and Type I (asphalt treated). |
| B. | Glass fiber fitting tape: Mil. Spec MILC20079, Type II, Class 1. |
| C. | Tape for Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Insulation: As recommended by the insulation manufacturer. |
| D. | Hexagonal wire netting: 25 mm (one inch) mesh, 0.85 mm thick (22 gage) galvanized steel. |
| E. | Corner beads: 50 mm (2 inch) by 50 mm (2 inch), 0.55 mm thick (26 gage) galvanized steel; or, 25 mm (1 inch) by 25 mm (1 inch), 0.47 mm thick (28 gage) aluminum angle adhered to 50 mm (2 inch) by 50 mm (2 inch) Kraft paper. |
| F. | PVC fitting cover: Fed. Spec LP535, Composition A, 1186 Type II, Grade GU, with Form B Mineral Fiber insert, for media temperature 4 degrees C (40 degrees F) to 121 degrees C (250 degrees F). Below 4 degrees C (40 degrees F) and above 121 degrees C (250 degrees F). Provide double layer insert. Provide color matching vapor barrier pressure sensitive tape. |
2.11 Firestopping Material
Other than pipe and duct insulation, refer to Section 07 84 00 FIRESTOPPING.
2.12 flame and smoke Unless shown otherwise all assembled systems shall meet flame spread 25 and smoke developed 50 rating as developed under ASTM, NFPA and UL standards and specifications. See paragraph 1.3 "Quality Assurance".
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
| A. | Required pressure tests of duct and piping joints and connections shall be completed and the work approved by the Resident Engineer for application of insulation. Surface shall be clean and dry with all foreign materials, such as dirt, oil, loose scale and rust removed. |
| B. | Except for specific exceptions, insulate entire specified equipment, piping (pipe, fittings, valves, accessories), and duct systems. Insulate each pipe and duct individually. Do not use scrap pieces of insulation where a full-length section will fit. |
| C. | Insulation materials shall be installed in a first-class manner with smooth and even surfaces, with jackets and facings drawn tight and smoothly cemented down at all laps. Insulation shall be continuous through all sleeves and openings, except at fire dampers and duct heaters (NFPA 90A). Vapor retarders shall be continuous and uninterrupted throughout systems with operating temperature 16 degrees C (60 degrees F) and below. Lap and seal vapor retarder over ends and exposed edges of insulation. Anchors, supports and other metal projections through insulation on cold surfaces shall be insulated and vapor sealed for a minimum length of 150 mm (6 inches). |
| D. | Install vapor stops at all insulation terminations on either side of valves, pumps and equipment and particularly in straight lengths of pipe insulation. |
| E. | Construct insulation on parts of equipment such as chilled water pumps and heads of chillers, convertors and heat exchangers that must be opened periodically for maintenance or repair, so insulation can be removed and replaced without damage. Install insulation with bolted 1 mm thick (20 gage) galvanized steel or aluminum covers as complete units, or in sections, with all necessary supports, and split to coincide with flange/split of the equipment. |
| F. | Insulation on hot piping and equipment shall be terminated square at items not to be insulated, access openings and nameplates. Cover all exposed raw insulation with white sealer or jacket material. |
| G. | Protect all insulations outside of buildings with aluminum jacket using lock joint or other approved system for a continuous weather tight system. Access doors and other items requiring maintenance or access shall be removable and sealable. |
| H. | HVAC work not to be insulated: |
| 1. | Internally insulated ductwork and air handling units. |
| 2. | Equipment: Expansion tanks, flash tanks, hot water pumps. |
| 3. | In hot piping: Unions, flexible connectors, control valves, PRVs, safety valves and discharge vent piping, vacuum breakers, thermostatic vent valves, steam traps 20 mm (3/4 inch) and smaller, exposed piping through floor for convectors and radiators. Insulate piping to within approximately 75 mm (3 inches) of uninsulated items. |
| I. | Apply insulation materials subject to the manufacturer's recommended temperature limits. Apply adhesives, mastic and coatings at the manufacturer's recommended minimum coverage. |
| J. | Elbows, flanges and other fittings shall be insulated with the same material as is used on the pipe straights. The elbow/ fitting insulation shall be field-fabricated, mitered or factory prefabricated to the necessary size and shape to fit on the elbow/ fitting. Use of polyurethane spray-foam to fill a PVC elbow jacket is prohibited on cold applications. |
| K. | Firestop Pipe and Duct insulation: |
| 1. | Provide firestopping insulation at fire and smoke barriers through penetrations. Fire stopping insulation shall be UL listed as defines in Section 07 84 00, FIRESTOPPING. |
| 2. | Pipe and duct penetrations requiring fire stop insulation including, but not limited to the following: |
| a. | Pipe risers through floors |
| b. | Pipe or duct chase walls and floors |
| c. | Smoke partitions |
| d. | Fire partitions |
| L. | Provide vapor barrier jackets over insulation as follows: |
1. All interior piping and ducts conveying fluids in high humidity areas.
| M. | Provide metal jackets over insulation as follows: |
| 1. | Piping exposed in building, within 1800 mm (6 feet) of the floor, that connects to sterilizers, kitchen and laundry equipment. Jackets may be applied with pop rivets. Provide aluminum angle ring escutcheons at wall, ceiling or floor penetrations. |
| 2. | A 50 mm (2 inch) overlap is required at longitudinal and circumferential joints. |
3.2 INSULATION INSTALLATION
| A. | Mineral Fiber Board: |
| 1. | Faced board: Apply board on pins spaced not more than 300 mm (12 inches) on center each way, and not less than 75 mm (3 inches) from each edge of board. In addition to pins, apply insulation bonding adhesive to entire underside of horizontal metal surfaces. Butt insulation edges tightly and seal all joints with laps and butt strips. After applying speed clips cut pins off flush and apply vapor seal patches over clips. |
| 2. | Plain board: |
| a. | Insulation shall be scored, beveled or mitered to provide tight joints and be secured to equipment with bands spaced 225 mm (9 inches) on center for irregular surfaces or with pins and clips on flat surfaces. Use corner beads to protect edges of insulation. |
| b. | For hot equipment: Stretch 25 mm (1 inch) mesh wire, with edges wire laced together, over insulation and finish with insulating and finishing cement applied in one coat, 6 mm (1/4 inch) thick, trowel led to a smooth finish. |
| c. | For cold equipment: Apply meshed glass fabric in a tack coat 1.5 to 1.7 square meter per liter (60 to 70 square feet per gallon) of vapor mastic and finish with mastic at 0.3 to 0.4 square meter per liter (12 to 15 square feet per gallon) over the entire fabric surface. |
| d. | Chilled water pumps: Insulate with removable and replaceable 1 mm thick (20 gage) aluminum or galvanized steel covers lined with insulation. Seal closure joints/flanges of covers with gasket material. Fill void space in enclosure with flexible mineral fiber insulation. |
| 3. | Exposed, unlined ductwork and equipment in unfinished areas, mechanical and electrical equipment rooms, and attics, interstitial spaces and duct work exposed to outdoor weather: |
| a. | 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with ASJ (white all service jacket): Supply air duct unlined air handling units and after filter housing. |
| b. | 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with ASJ: Exhaust air duct and prefilter housing. |
| c. | Outside air intake ducts: 50 mm (two inch) thick insulation faced with ASJ. |
| 4. | Cold equipment: 40 mm (1-1/2inch) thick insulation faced with ASJ. |
| a. | Chilled water pumps, water filter, chemical feeder pot or tank. |
| B. | Flexible Mineral Fiber Blanket: |
| 1. | Adhere insulation to metal with 75 mm (3 inch) wide strips of insulation bonding adhesive at 200 mm (8 inches) on center all around duct. Additionally secure insulation to bottom of ducts exceeding 600 mm (24 inches) in width with pins welded or adhered on 450 mm (18 inch) centers. Secure washers on pins. Butt insulation edges and seal joints with laps and butt strips. Staples may be used to assist in securing insulation. Seal all vapor retarder penetrations with mastic. Sagging duct insulation will not be acceptable. Install firestop duct insulation where required. |
| 2. | Supply air ductwork to be insulated includes main and branch ducts from AHU discharge to room supply outlets, and the bodies of ceiling outlets to prevent condensation. Insulate sound attenuator units, coil casings and damper frames. To prevent condensation insulate trapeze type supports and angle iron hangers for flat oval ducts that are in direct contact with metal duct. |
| 3. | Concealed supply air ductwork. |
| a. | Above ceilings at a roof level, in attics, and duct work exposed to outdoor weather: 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with FSK. |
| b. | Above ceilings for other than roof level: 40 mm (1 ½ inch) thick insulation faced with FSK. |
| 4. | Concealed exhaust air duct: |
| a. | Above ceilings at a roof level, unconditioned areas, and in chases with external wall or containing steam piping; 50 mm (2 inch) thick, insulation faced with FSK. |
| b. | In interstitial spaces (where not subject to damage): 50 mm (2-inch-thick insulation faced with FSK. |
| c. | Concealed exhaust air ductwork in other locations need not be insulated. |
| 5. | Concealed outside air duct: 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with FSK. |
| 6. | Exhaust air branch duct from autopsy refrigerator to main duct: 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with FSK. |
| C. | Molded Mineral Fiber Pipe and Tubing Covering: |
| 1. | Fit insulation to pipe or duct, aligning longitudinal joints. Seal longitudinal joint laps and circumferential butt strips by rubbing hard with a nylon sealing tool to assure a positive seal. Staples may be used to assist in securing insulation. Seal all vapor retarder penetrations on cold piping with a generous application of vapor barrier mastic. Provide inserts and install with metal insulation shields at outside pipe supports. Install freeze protection insulation over heating cable. |
| 2. | Contractor's options for fitting, flange and valve insulation: |
| a. | Insulating and finishing cement for sizes less than 100 mm (4 inches) operating at surface temperature of 16 degrees C (61 degrees F) or more. |
| b. | Factory premolded, one piece PVC covers with mineral fiber, (Form B), inserts. Provide two insert layers for pipe temperatures below 4 degrees C (40 degrees F), or above 121 degrees C (250 degrees F). Secure first layer of insulation with twine. Seal seam edges with vapor barrier mastic and secure with fitting tape. |
| c. | Factory molded, ASTM C547 or field mitered sections, joined with adhesive or wired in place. For hot piping finish with a smoothing coat of finishing cement. For cold fittings, 16 degrees C (60 degrees F) or less, vapor seal with a layer of glass fitting tape imbedded between two 2 mm (1/16 inch) coats of vapor barrier mastic. |
| d. | Fitting tape shall extend over the adjacent pipe insulation and overlap on itself at least 50 mm (2 inches). |
| 3. | Nominal thickness in millimeters and inches specified in the schedule at the end of this section. |
| E. | Cellular Glass Insulation: |
| 1. | Pipe and tubing, covering nominal thickness in millimeters and inches as specified in the schedule at the end of this section. |
| 2. | Cold equipment: 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with ASJ for chilled water pumps, water filters, chemical feeder pots or tanks, expansion tanks, air separators and air purgers. |
| 3. | Exposed, unlined supply and return ductwork exposed to outdoor weather: 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with a reinforcing membrane and two coats of vapor barrier mastic or multi-layer vapor barrier with a water vapor permeability of 0.00 perms. |
| F. | Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal Insulation: |
| 1. | Apply insulation and fabricate fittings in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and finish with two coats of weather resistant finish as recommended by the insulation manufacturer. |
| 2. | Pipe and tubing insulation: |
| a. | Use proper size material. Do not stretch or strain insulation. |
| b. | To avoid undue compression of insulation, provide cork stoppers or wood inserts at supports as recommended by the insulation manufacturer. Insulation shields are specified under Section 23 05 11, COMMON WORK RESULTS FOR HVAC. |
| c. | Where possible, slip insulation over the pipe or tubing prior to connection, and seal the butt joints with adhesive. Where the slipon technique is not possible, slit the insulation and apply it to the pipe sealing the seam and joints with contact adhesive. Optional tape sealing, as recommended by the manufacturer, may be employed. Make changes from mineral fiber insulation in a straight run of pipe, not at a fitting. Seal joint with tape. |
| 3. | Apply sheet insulation to flat or large curved surfaces with 100 percent adhesive coverage. For fittings and large pipe, apply adhesive to seams only. |
| 4. | Pipe insulation: nominal thickness in millimeters (inches as specified in the schedule at the end of this section. |
| 5. | Minimum 20 mm (0.75 inch) thick insulation for pneumatic control lines for a minimum distance of 6 m (20 feet) from discharge side of the refrigerated dryer. |
| 6. | Use Class S (Sheet), 20 mm (3/4 inch) thick for the following: |
| a. | Chilled water pumps |
| b. | Bottom and sides of metal basins for winterized cooling towers (where basin water is heated). |
| c. | Chillers, insulate any cold chiller surfaces subject to condensation which has not been factory insulated. |
| d. | Piping inside refrigerators and freezers: Provide heat tape under insulation. |
| 7. | Exposed, unlined supply and return ductwork exposed to outdoor weather: 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with a multi-layer vapor barrier with a water vapor permeance of 0.00 perms. |
3.3 commissioning
| A. | Provide commissioning documentation in accordance with the requirements of section 23 08 00 – COMMISSIONING OF HVAC SYSTEMS for all inspection, start up, and contractor testing required above and required by the System Readiness Checklist provided by the Commissioning Agent. |
| B. | Components provided under this section of the specification will be tested as part of a larger system. Refer to section 23 08 00 – COMMISSIONING OF HVAC SYSTEMS and related sections for contractor responsibilities for system commissioning. |
3.4 PIPE INSULATION SCHEDULE
Provide insulation for piping systems as scheduled below:
Insulation Wall Thickness Millimeters (Inches)
Nominal Pipe Size Millimeters (Inches)
| Operating Temperature Range/Service |
| Insulation Material |
| Less than |
25 (1)
| 25 – 32 (1 – 1¼) |
| 38 – 75 |
(1½ - 3) 100 (4) and Above
Insulation Wall Thickness Millimeters (Inches)
122-177 degrees C (251-350 degrees F)
(HPS, MPS)
| Mineral Fiber (Above ground piping only) |
| 75 (3) |
| 100 (4) |
| 113 (4.5) |
| 113 (4.5) |
100-121 degrees C (212-250 degrees F) (HPR, MPR, LPS, vent piping from PRV Safety Valves, Condensate receivers and flash tanks)
| Mineral Fiber (Above ground piping only) |
| 62 (2.5) |
| 62 (2.5) |
| 75 (3.0) |
| 75 (3.0) |
38-94 degrees C (100-200 degrees F) (LPR, PC, HWH, HWHR, GH and GHR)
| Mineral Fiber (Above ground piping only) |
| 38 (1.5) |
| 38 (1.5) |
| 50 (2.0) |
| 50 (2.0) |
38-94 degrees C (100-200 degrees F) (LPR, PC, HWH, HWHR, GH and GHR)
| Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal (Above ground piping only) |
| 38 (1.5) |
| 38 (1.5) |
| ---- |
| ---- |
4-16 degrees C (40-60 degrees F) (CH, CHR, GC, GCR and RS for DX refrigeration)
| Cellular Glass Closed-Cell |
| 38 (1.5) |
| 38 (1.5) |
| 38 (1.5) |
| 38 (1.5) |
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23 07 11 - 1
File details come from the government source that posted it. Updated .