Session 1 EPAIDAC Slides for Industry Day.pdf

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Virtual Industry Day on Innovative Strategies and Alternative Delivery Methods
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This document is a presentation from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Japan Engineer District, regarding innovative and alternative contract delivery methods for industry partners.

The presentation covers two primary alternative contracting approaches. First, Firm Fixed-Price with Economic Price Adjustment (FFP with EPA) is presented as a new acquisition approach for the Japan Engineer District, designed for contracts exceeding 12 months with market instability. EPA provisions allow upward and downward price adjustments tied to published price indices for materials and labor. Contractor benefits include recovery of legitimate cost increases, competitive bidding with reduced contingency costs, and profit margin protection on long-duration contracts. However, contractors face risks including downward adjustments reducing revenue, significant invoice documentation burdens, uncovered cost increases below thresholds, and capped adjustment limits. The contracting process involves identifying volatile materials, establishing price indices, obtaining approvals, drafting EPA clauses with defined thresholds and caps, conducting normal solicitations requiring unit price tables by contract line item number (CLIN), and conducting annual reviews. Key differences from Japanese government contracts include that U.S. EPA is optional (not guaranteed for construction), total adjustments are limited to 10 percent of contract price with no deductible, and the approach offers high flexibility allowing custom index selection and ceiling definitions for each contract.

The second delivery method presented is Integrated Design and Construction (IDaC), which integrates design and construction with early stakeholder involvement, shared risk and reward, and a sustainability focus. The IDaC structure includes A-E design development, contractor proposal and negotiation, pre-construction services to refine scope, and firm-fixed-price construction execution. Key features emphasize collaboration, early contractor involvement (ECI) for constructability input and supply chain optimization, shared risk and reward mechanisms, value focus, and market awareness. Potential benefits for contractors include time efficiencies from earlier work starts, greater scope clarity, reduced rework risk, stronger team collaboration, and potential cost efficiencies, though savings and profit are not guaranteed. The collaborative design process involves over-the-shoulder reviews, active milestone collaboration, continuous feedback loops, and real-time issue resolution. Fairness and flexibility mechanisms include equitable contract terms, adaptable project scopes, risk reduction strategies, and balanced responsibilities. A second session scheduled for August 6, 2026, will address Progressive Design-Build (PDB), Other Transaction Authority (OTA), and Design-Build to Budget (DB2B) methods. The presentation requests honest and constructive industry feedback to inform future implementation decisions.

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US Army Corps of Engineers

US Army

JAPAN ENGINEER DISTRICT

米国陸軍工兵隊, 太平洋地域本部

EVENT FOR INDUSTRY PARTNERS

業界パートナーイベント

INNOVATIVE AND

ALTERNATIVE

CONTRACT DELIVERY

METHODS

主催: 革新的な契約履行方式のご紹介

AGENDA

• General Meeting Guidelines 会議の基本ガイドライン

• Opening Remarks 開会の挨拶

• Economic Price Adjustments (EPA) 経済的価格調整付き固定価格契約

• Integrated Design and Construction (IDaC) 統合設計・建設契約方式

To be discussed next session: 06 August 2026, 10:00am to 12:00pm:

次回のセッション: 2026 年 8 月 6 日、午前 10 時から午後 12 時まで:

→ Other Transaction Authority and Progressive Design-Build PDBとOTA: FARに基づかない契約

→ Design Build to Budget 予算内設計・施工

GENERAL MEETING GUIDELINES

会議の基本ガイドライン

• This presentation will be recorded and made available on SAM.gov 本プレゼンテーションは録画され、SAM.govで公開されます

• Please mute your microphones for the duration of the presentation プレゼンテーション中はマイクをミュートにしてください

• This briefing, to include responses to any questions, will be held entirely in English; the slides are translated for your convenience.

本ブリーフィング(質疑応答を含む)はすべて英語で行われます. スライドは翻訳されたものをご用意しております。

• A question-and-answer time is provided for at the end of each briefing; we ask attendees to hold questions until prompted by the briefer 各ブリーフィングの終了時には質疑応答の時間が設けられています。ブリーフィング担当者から促されるまで、質問はお 控えくださいますようお願いいたします

USACE intends to solicit feedback from participants after the event - we kindly ask for honest and constructive feedback to assist us in making determinations on the implementation of these acquisition processes.

イベント終了後、参加者の皆様からご意見を伺う予定です。今後の実施方法を検討する上で参考とさせてい

ただきますので、率直かつ建設的なご意見をいただけますと幸いです。

OPENING REMARKS

開会の挨拶

Goal: To work together with our industry partners, using your expertise to modernize our contracts for better, mutually successful projects.

目標:双方にとって有益なプロジェクトの実現に向け、契約の枠組みを刷新する 中で、双方向の対話を促進し、業界の専門知識を活用すること。

US Army US Army Corps

JAPAN ENGINEER DISTRICT

米国陸軍工兵隊, 太平洋地域本部

PRESENTS:

FIRM FIXED-PRICE WITH

ECONOMIC PRICE ADJUSTMENT (EPA)

経済的価格調整付き固定価格契約

FIRM FIXED-PRICE WITH ECONOMIC PRICE

ADJUSTMENT AGENDA

経済的価格調整(EPA)付き固定価格契約(FFP)

• What is Firm Fixed-Price (FFP) with Economic Price Adjustment (EPA)?

経済的価格調整(EPA)付き固定価格契約(FFP)とは?

• Benefits of FFP with EPA

EPA付きFFPの利点

• Risks of FFP with EPA

EPAきFFPのリスク

• Example Contracting Process 契約プロセスの事例

• Schedule Considerations スケジュールに関する考慮事項

• Differences between Japanese Government Contracts vs. U.S. Government Contracts using FFP with EPA

EPA付きFFPを利用した日本政府契約と米国政府契約の違い

WHAT IS FFP WITH EPA

経済的価格調整(EPA)付き固定価格契約(FFP)とは?

• A fixed-price contract with economic price adjustment provides for upward and downward revision of the stated contract price when specific events occur 経済的価格調整付き固定価格契約とは、特定の事象が発生した場合に、契約書に記載された 価 格の上方および下方修正を規定するものです。

• New acquisition approach for Japan Engineer District 米陸軍工兵隊日本地区における新しい調達アプローチです。

• Adjustments may be tied to published price indices この調整は、公表されている物価指数に連動させることができます。

• Material and/or labor adjustments tailored for each contract 資材費や人件費の調整は、各契約に合わせて調整されます。

• Typically used for contracts with performance period exceeding 12 months and with market instability/fluctuations 通常、履行期間が12ヶ月を超え、市場が不安定または変動している契約に使用されます。

FFP WITH EPA: CONTRACTOR BENEFITS

EPA付きFFPの利点

• Recover legitimate material and/or labor cost increases contractually

正当な資材費や人件費の上昇分を契約に基づいて回収できます。

• Bid more competitively with less contingency 不測の事態に備える費用を減らし、より競争力のある価格で入札できます。

• Protects profit margins on long-duration contracts 長期契約における利益率を保護します。

• Clear adjustment rules reduce disputes 明確な調整ルールにより、紛争を減らします。

• Maintains FFP simplicity

FFPの簡潔さを維持し、出来高管理(EVM)や特別な会計システムの要件はありません。

FFP WITH EPA: CONTRACTOR RISKS

EPA付きFFPのリスク

• Downward adjustments reduce expected revenue 下方修正によ予想収益が減少します。

• Invoice documentation burden is significant 請求書作成の負担が大きくなります。

• Small cost increases below threshold are not covered しきい値を下回る小幅なコスト増加は対象外となります。

• Costs beyond aggregate cap borne by contractor 上限を超えるコストは契約業者の負担となります。

• Price adjustments capped per adjustment 価格調整には、調整ごとの上限が設定されます。

• EPA must be tailored; not one-size-fits-all

EPAは個別対応が必要であり、画一的なものではありません。

EXAMPLE CONTRACTING PROCESS

契約プロセスの例

• Step 1: Identify volatile materials via market analysis ステップ1:市場分析により、価格変動の激しい資材を特定する。

• Step 2: Identify Price Index for each material ステップ2:各資材の価格指数を特定する。

• Step 3: Brief stakeholders on EPA risks and benefits

ステップ3:関係者にEPAのリスクと利点を説明する。

• Step 4: Obtain higher-level approval per agency policy ステップ4:各機関の方針に従い、上層部の承認を得る。

• Step 5: Draft EPA clause with thresholds, caps, timing

ステップ5:しきい値、上限、タイミングを定めたEPA条項を起草する。

• Step 6: Normal solicitation with contractors providing a unit price table by CLIN

ステップ6:契約項目(CLIN)ごとの単価表を契約業者に要求する。

• Step 7: Conduct annual reviews; process modifications ステップ7:年次レビューを実施し、修正手続きを行う。

SCHEDULE CONSIDERATIONS

スケジュールに関する考慮事項

• Adjustments reviewed annually after NTP plus 12 months

調整は、NTP(作業開始通知)から12ヶ月経過後、年次で見直されます。

• Timing must be clearly stated in the EPA clause

タイミングはEPA条項に明確に記載されなければなりません。

• Contractor-caused delays forfeits EPA beyond original schedule

契約業者の遅延により、当初のスケジュールを超えたEPAは失効します。

DIFFERENCES JAPANESE GOVERNMENT

VS. U.S. GOVERNMENT

EPA付きFFPを利用した日本政府契約と米国政府契約の違い

Japanese Government Contracts 日本政府契約

→ Standard clause - Guaranteed for construction contracts

標準条項 - 建設契約において保証されていま

す。

→ No price adjustment ceiling 価格調整に上限はありません。

→ 1% or 1.5% deductible 1%または1.5%の免責額(Deductible)ありま

す。

U.S. Government Contracts 米国政府契約

→ Optional clause - Not Guaranteed for construction contracts 任意条項 - 建設契約において保証されてませ

ん。

→ Total adjustments are limited to 10% of contract price 総調整額は契約価格の10%に制限されます。

→ No deductible 免責額(Deductible)はありません。

DIFFERENCES JAPANESE GOVERNMENT

VS. U.S. GOVERNMENT CONTINUED

EPA付きFFPを利用した日本政府契約と米国政府契約の違い

Japanese Government Contracts 日本政府契約

• Low flexibility, uniform rules and manuals set by the Government

柔軟性が低く、政府が定めた統一の規則やマ ニュアルに従います。

• Trigger - Actual market fluctuations, severe price/wage changes during construction

トリガー(発動条件) - 建設期間中の実際の 市場変動、急激な価格・賃金の変動。

U.S. Government Contracts 米国政府契約

• High flexibility, define which index to use and what the ceiling will be for each specific contract.

柔軟性が高く、各契約ごとに使用する指数や上 限を定義できます。

• Trigger - occurrence of specific events or time periods as in the contract.

トリガー(発動条件) - 契約で事前に定義され

た特定の事象の発生。

Questions 質問

USACE intends to solicit feedback from participants after the event - we kindly ask for honest and constructive feedback to assist us in making determinations on the implementation of these acquisition processes.

(General) Question:

Will responses to advance-submitted questions be provided in writing in addition to the oral discussion during the Industry Day?

A-E Participation and Teaming - For A-E firms that have traditionally supported JED through Brooks Act acquisitions, what pathway does JED envision for developing relationships with construction partners and participating in these emerging delivery methods? Does JED anticipate facilitating industry engagement opportunities to support teaming and maintain a competitive marketplace?

A-E Differentiation - Will JED establish and clearly advertise evaluation criteria that allow highly qualified A-E firms to meaningfully differentiate themselves, or will selection decisions primarily be driven by the construction prime's qualifications, approach, and price? How will cost be balanced against technical expertise, innovation, qualifications, past performance, and overall team capability?

Break 休憩

US Army US Army Corps

JAPAN ENGINEER DISTRICT

米国陸軍工兵隊, 太平洋地域本部

PRESENTS:

INTEGRATED DESIGN AND

CONSTRUCTION (IDaC)

統合設計・建設契約方式

AGENDA

• Introduction to IDaC IDaCの紹介

• Project Delivery Method プロジェクト推進方式

• Benefits of IDaC IDaCのメリット

• Fairness & Flexibility 公平性と柔軟性

WHAT IS IDAC?

IDAC とは何か?

• Integrates design and construction 設計と建設の統合

• Early stakeholder involvement 関係者の早期関与

• Shared risk and reward リスクと報酬の共有

• Value and sustainability focus 価値と持続可能性への注力

• Ideal for complex projects 複雑なプロジェクトに最適

Government

(USACE)

Government

(USACE)

Designer (In-House/AE) Designer

(In-House/AE) Stakeholder

Consultants

IDaC Contractor

CONTRACT STRUCTURE & PROCESS

契約の構成とプロセス

• A-E Develops the Design A-E が設計を作成

• Contractor Submits Proposal 契約業者が提案書を提出

• Pre-construction Services refine scope 着工前協議で範囲を精緻化

• Work performed as Firm-Fixed Price 作業は固定価格(FFP)で実施

• Single, Clear Contract Type 単一で明確な契約タイプ

A-E Design 設計

Proposal & Negotiation 提案&交渉

Pre-Construction Service 着工前協議

FFP Construction 固定価格施工

• Collaboration & Teamwork 協調とチームワーク

• Early Contractor Involvement (ECI)

契約業者による早期関与 (ECI)

• Shared Risk and Reward リスクと報酬の共有

• Focus on Value 価値への注力

• Market Awareness 市場認識

Key Features of IDaC IDaC の主な特徴

• Potential Time Efficiencies 工期短縮の可能性

• Earlier work start opportunities より早い着工の機会

• Greater scope clarity 範囲の明確化

• Reduced rework risk 手戻りリスクの軽減

• Stronger collaboration with the team チームとの連携強化

• Potential Cost Efficiencies コスト効率化の可能性

Important to Know: Typically Firm-Fixed-Price (FFP) 通常は固定価格(FFP) Results depend on execution 成果はタスクオーダーの実行に依存 Savings & profit not guaranteed コスト削減・利益は保証されません

IDAC BENEFITS FOR CONTRACTORS

契約業者にとってのメリット

*Potential benefits are not guaranteed 潜在的なメリット(保証されるものではありません)

Contractor Advantages:

Early Contractor Involvement (ECI)

契約業者の利点:早期関与 (ECI)

• Constructability Input 施工性に関する提案

• Fewer RFIs and changes

RFIと設計変更の削減

• Supply Chain Optimization サプライチェーンの最適化

• Identify long-lead materials 納期の長い資材の特定

• Deep Project Familiarity プロジェクトの深い熟知

THE COLLABORATIVE DESIGN PROCESS

協働的な設計プロセス:期待されること

• Over-the-Shoulder Reviews 随時の進捗確認と協議

• Active milestone collaboration マイルストーンでの積極的な協働

• Continuous Feedback Loop 継続的なフィードバックループ

• Address issues real-time 問題へのリアルタイム対応

• No Fast-Tracking Surprises ファストトラックによる不測の事態を回避

• Equitable Contract Terms 公平な契約条件

• Adaptable Project Scopes 柔軟なプロジェクト範囲

• Risk Reduction Strategies リスク軽減戦略

• Avoid Unfair Burdens 不当な負担を回避

• Balanced Responsibilities バランスの取れた責任

FAIRNESS & FLEXIBILITY: THE OFF-RAMP

公平性と柔軟性:オフランプ(離脱ルート)

• Shift toward collaboration 協働への転換

• Enables innovation & efficiency 革新と効率化の実現

• Fewer disputes expected 紛争減少の期待

• Requires cultural shift 文化的転換の必要性

• Cost certainty over time 長期的なコストの確実性

CONCLUSION & KEY TAKEAWAYS

結論および主要なポイント

Questions 質問

USACE intends to solicit feedback from participants after the event - we kindly ask for honest and constructive feedback to assist us in making determinations on the implementation of these acquisition processes.

(IDAC) Question:

In an IDaC environment, how does JED envision balancing and documenting design decisions when the Designer of Record, contractor, and Government have differing recommendations regarding cost, constructability, and design quality?

(IDAC) Question:

In IDaC, in the event that contractor recommendations influence the final design, how does JED envision documenting decision authority and responsibility among the Government, Designer of Record, and contractor?

(IDAC, PDB, DB2B) Question:

Source Selection and Evaluation Weighting - For PDB, IDaC, DB2B, and OTA acquisitions, how does JED envision source selections being conducted, and what relative importance will be placed on the qualifications, experience, and past performance of the A-E partner versus those of the construction partner? If price is the primary driver, is there concern A-E quality may suffer?

Transparency and Predictability - As JED adopts these alternative delivery methods, how will industry be informed of the circumstances under which a project will be procured through Brooks Act A-E procedures versus PDB, IDaC, DB2B, OTA, or other alternative acquisition strategies?

Risk - Given the historical preference of Japanese construction contractors for Design-Bid-Build contracting, how does JED anticipate the construction industry will respond to increased use of PDB, IDaC, and DB2B acquisitions? Has JED assessed the potential impact on competition, pricing, and industry participation if contractors are required to assume additional risk?

Long-Term Acquisition Strategy - Of JED's future workload, what percentage do you envision being delivered through traditional Brooks Act A-E acquisitions versus Progressive Design-Build (PDB), Integrated Design and Construction (IDaC), Design-Build to Budget (DB2B), Other Transaction Authority (OTA), and other alternative delivery methods? Do you view these approaches as pilot programs or as part of a fundamental shift in how design and construction services will be acquired in Japan?

(IDAC, PDB, and DB2B) Question:

Among IDaC, PDB, and DB2B, which delivery methods does JED believe are most likely to be applied to future projects in Japan, and what project characteristics would drive those selections?

Thank You!

ありがとうございました!

Japan engineer district�米国陸軍工兵隊, 太平洋地域本部�event for Industry partners �業界パートナーイベント
AGENDA
General Meeting guidelines �会議の基本ガイドライン
Opening remarks�開会の挨拶�
Japan engineer district�米国陸軍工兵隊, 太平洋地域本部�
Firm fixed-price with economic price adjustment Agenda �経済的価格調整(EPA)付き固定価格契約(FFP)�
What is ffp with epa �経済的価格調整(EPA)付き固定価格契約(FFP)とは?�
�ffp with epa: CONTRACTOR benefits�EPA付きFFPの利点�
ffp with epa: CONTRACTOR RISKS�EPA付きFFPのリスク�
Example Contracting process�契約プロセスの例�
Schedule considerations�スケジュールに関する考慮事項�
Differences Japanese government �vs. u.s. government�EPA付きFFPを利用した日本政府契約と米国政府契約の違い�
Differences Japanese government �vs. u.s. government Continued�EPA付きFFPを利用した日本政府契約と米国政府契約の違い�
Slide Number 14
Slide Number 15
Slide Number 16
Slide Number 17
Slide Number 18
Japan engineer district�米国陸軍工兵隊, 太平洋地域本部�
�Agenda�
�What is IDaC? �IDaC とは何か?�
��Contract Structure & Process �契約の構成とプロセス��
�
�IDaC Benefits for Contractors�契約業者にとってのメリット�
��Contractor Advantages: �Early Contractor Involvement (ECI) �契約業者の利点:早期関与 (ECI)��
��The Collaborative Design Process �協働的な設計プロセス:期待されること��
��Fairness & Flexibility: The Off-Ramp �公平性と柔軟性:オフランプ(離脱ルート)
�Conclusion & Key Takeaways�結論および主要なポイント�
Slide Number 29
Slide Number 30
Slide Number 31
Slide Number 32
Slide Number 33
Slide Number 34
Slide Number 35
Slide Number 36
Slide Number 37

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