Specifications_Division_02-35.pdf

FY19 SEEPAGE REMEDIATION MATOC

PROJECT TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 02 - EXISTING CONDITIONS

02 41 00 DEMOLITION

DIVISION 31 - EARTHWORK

31 05 21 GEOGRID SOIL REINFORCEMENT

31 05 22 GEOTEXTILES USED AS FILTERS

31 11 00.00 11 CLEARING, GRUBBING AND STRIPPING

31 23 00.00 12 EXCAVATION

31 24 00.00 12 EMBANKMENT

DIVISION 32 - EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

32 15 00.00 11 AGGREGATE SURFACE COURSE

32 92 32.01 11 ESTABLISHMENT OF TURF

32 92 35.00 13 SEEDING AND MULCHING - SOUTHEAST MO (LRDD)

DIVISION 33 - UTILITIES

33 26 00.00 11 RELIEF WELL CONSTRUCTION

33 26 00.01 11 RELIEF WELL MAINTENANCE

33 28 00.00 11 PIEZOMETERS

33 40 00 STORM DRAINAGE UTILITIES

DIVISION 35 - WATERWAY AND MARINE CONSTRUCTION

35 31 19.00 11 STONE PROTECTION

-- End of Project Table of Contents --

PROJECT TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1

SECTION 02 41 00 Page 3

SECTION 02 41 00

DEMOLITION

05/10

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF SAFETY ENGINEERS (ASSE/SAFE)

ASSE/SAFE A10.6 (2006) Safety Requirements for Demolition

Operations

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (USACE)

EM 385-1-1 (2014) Safety and Health Requirements

Manual

U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)

40 CFR 61 National Emission Standards for Hazardous

Air Pollutants

1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1.2.1 Demolition/Deconstruction Plan

Prepare a Demolition Plan and submit proposed salvage, demolition, and removal procedures for approval before work is started. Include in the plan procedures for careful removal and disposition of materials specified to be salvaged, coordination with other work in progress and a detailed description of methods and equipment to be used for each operation and of the sequence of operations. Coordinate with Waste Management Plan as specified in Section 01 57 20.00 11 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. Provide procedures for safe conduct of the work in accordance with EM 385-1-1.

Plan shall be approved by Contracting Officer prior to work beginning.

1.2.2 General Requirements

Do not begin demolition or deconstruction until authorization is received from the Contracting Officer. The work includes demolition,, salvage of identified items and materials, and removal of resulting rubbish and debris. Remove rubbish and debris from Government property daily, unless otherwise directed. Store materials that cannot be removed daily in areas specified by the Contracting Officer. In the interest of occupational safety and health, perform the work in accordance with EM 385-1-1, Section

23, Demolition, and other applicable Sections.

1.3 ITEMS TO REMAIN IN PLACE

Take necessary precautions to avoid damage to existing items to remain in

SECTION 02 41 00 Page 4 place, to be reused, or to remain the property of the Government. Repair or replace damaged items as approved by the Contracting Officer.

Coordinate the work of this section with all other work indicated.

Construct and maintain shoring, bracing, and supports as required. Ensure that structural elements are not overloaded. Increase structural supports or add new supports as may be required as a result of any cutting, removal, deconstruction, or demolition work performed under this contract. Do not overload structural elements and pavements to remain. Provide new supports and reinforcement for existing construction weakened by demolition, deconstruction, or removal work. Repairs, reinforcement, or structural replacement require approval by the Contracting Officer prior to performing such work.

1.3.1 Existing Construction Limits and Protection

Do not disturb existing construction beyond the extent indicated or necessary for installation of new construction. Provide temporary shoring and bracing for support of building components to prevent settlement or other movement. Provide protective measures to control accumulation and migration of dust and dirt in all work areas.

1.3.2 Trees

Protect trees within the project site which might be damaged during demolition or deconstruction, and which are indicated to be left in place, by a 4 ft high orange florescent safety barrier. Erect and secure the barrier a minimum of 5 feet from the trunk of individual trees or follow the outer perimeter of branches or clumps of trees. Replace any tree designated to remain that is damaged during the work under this contract with like-kind or as approved by the Contracting Officer.

1.3.3 Utility Service

Maintain existing utilities indicated to stay in service and protect against damage during demolition operations.

1.4 BURNING

The use of burning at the project site for the disposal of debris will not be permitted unless specifically allowed in the Task Order or authorized in writing by the Contracting Officer. Where burning is permitted, adhere to federal, state, and local regulations.

1.5 AVAILABILITY OF WORK AREAS

Areas in which the work is to be accomplished will be available upon receipt of Notice to Proceed.

1.6 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-01 Preconstruction Submittals

Demolition Plan; G

SECTION 02 41 00 Page 5

Deconstruction Plan; G

Existing Conditions

SD-07 Certificates

Notification; G

SD-11 Closeout Submittals

Receipts

1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Submit timely notification of demolition to the Contracting Officer in writing 10 working days prior to the commencement of work in accordance with 40 CFR 61, Subpart M. Comply with federal, state, and local hauling and disposal regulations. In addition to the requirements of the "Contract

Clauses," conform to the safety requirements contained in ASSE/SAFE A10.6.

Comply with the Environmental Protection Agency requirements specified.

Use of explosives will not be permitted.

1.7.1 Dust and Debris Control

Prevent the spread of dust and debris and avoid the creation of a nuisance or hazard in the surrounding area. Do not use water if it results in hazardous or objectionable conditions such as, but not limited to, ice, flooding, or pollution.

1.8 PROTECTION

1.8.1 Traffic Control Signs

a. Where pedestrian and driver safety is endangered in the area of removal work, use traffic barricades with flashing lights. Notify the

Contracting Officer prior to beginning such work.

1.8.2 Protection of Personnel

Before, during and after the demolition work continuously evaluate the condition of the structure being demolished and take immediate action to protect all personnel working in and around the project site. No area, section, or component of floors, roofs, walls, columns, pilasters, or other structural element will be allowed to be left standing without sufficient bracing, shoring, or lateral support to prevent collapse or failure while workmen remove debris or perform other work in the immediate area.

1.9 EXISTING CONDITIONS

Before beginning any demolition or deconstruction work, survey the site and examine the drawings and specifications to determine the extent of the work. Record existing conditions in the presence of the Contracting

Officer showing the condition of structures and other facilities adjacent to areas of alteration or removal. Digital photographs in JPG format with a minimum resolution of 1024 x 768 will be acceptable as a record of existing conditions. Include in the record the elevation of drainage structure and pipe inverts and tops, the location and extent of existing cracks and other damage and description of surface conditions that exist prior to starting work. Submit survey results.

SECTION 02 41 00 Page 6

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 FILL MATERIAL

Refer to Section 32 24 00.00 12 EMBANKMENT for fill material requirements.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EXISTING FACILITIES TO BE REMOVED

Inspect and evaluate existing structures onsite for reuse. Existing construction scheduled to be removed for reuse shall be disassembled.

Dismantled and removed materials are to be separated, set aside, and prepared as specified, and stored or delivered to a collection point for reuse, remanufacture, recycling, or other disposal, as specified.

Materials shall be designated for reuse onsite whenever possible.

3.1.1 Structures

a. Remove existing structures indicated to be removed in the Task Order

Drawings.

b. Demolish structures in a systematic manner from the top of the structure to the ground. Complete demolition work above each tier or floor before the supporting members on the lower level are disturbed.

c. Locate demolition and deconstruction equipment throughout the structure and remove materials so as to not impose excessive loads to supporting walls, floors, or framing.

3.1.2 Culverts

The existing culverts indicated on the drawings provided in the Task Order to be removed shall be removed from their present positions and disposed of by removal from the site and placement at a facility approved for such disposal. The Contractor shall perform such excavation as is necessary for removal of the culverts. The removal of existing culverts shall be incidental to and paid for under the bid item "Demolition". Earth materials resulting from the excavation shall be stockpiled and subsequently used in the culvert backfill or shall be disposed of as specified in SECTION

31 00 00, EARTHWORK, paragraph entitled 'Disposal of Excavated Material'.

3.1.3 Utilities and Related Equipment

3.1.3.1 General Requirements

Do not interrupt existing utilities serving occupied or used facilities, except when authorized in writing by the Contracting Officer.

3.1.3.2 Disconnecting Existing Utilities

Remove existing utilities as indicated and terminate in a manner conforming to the nationally recognized code covering the specific utility and approved by the Contracting Officer. When utility lines are encountered but are not indicated on the drawings, notify the Contracting Officer prior to further work in that area. Remove meters and related equipment and deliver to a location in accordance with instructions of the Contracting

Officer.

SECTION 02 41 00 Page 7

3.1.4 Fencing

Remove fencing, gates and other related salvaged items scheduled for removal and transport to designated areas. Remove gates as whole units.

Cut chain link fabric to 25 foot lengths and store in rolls off the ground.

3.1.5 Paving and Slabs

Remove concrete and asphaltic concrete paving and slabs including aggregate base as indicated on the Task Order drawings. Provide neat sawcuts at limits of pavement removal as indicated. Pavement and slabs shall be removed from the site at Contractor's expense.

3.1.6 Miscellaneous Metal

Salvage shop-fabricated items such as well heads, angular face plates, etc.

Provide separate containers to collect scrap metal and transport to a scrap metal collection or recycling facility, in accordance with the Waste

Management Plan.

3.2 CONCURRENT EARTH-MOVING OPERATIONS

Do not begin excavation, filling, and other earth-moving operations that are sequential to demolition or deconstruction work in areas occupied by structures to be demolished or deconstructed until all demolition and deconstruction in the area has been completed and debris removed. Fill holes, open basements and other hazardous openings.

3.3 DISPOSITION OF MATERIAL

3.3.1 Title to Materials

Except for salvaged items specified in related Sections, and for materials or equipment scheduled for salvage, all materials and equipment removed and not reused or salvaged, shall become the property of the Contractor and shall be removed from Government property. Title to materials resulting from demolition and deconstruction, and materials and equipment to be removed, is vested in the Contractor upon approval by the Contracting

Officer of the Contractor's demolition, deconstruction, and removal procedures, and authorization by the Contracting Officer to begin demolition and deconstruction. The Government will not be responsible for the condition or loss of, or damage to, such property after contract award. Showing for sale or selling materials and equipment on site is prohibited.

3.3.2 Unsalvageable and Non-Recyclable Material

Dispose of unsalvageable and non-recyclable material off site.

3.4 CLEANUP

Remove debris and rubbish from basement and similar excavations. Remove and transport the debris in a manner that prevents spillage on streets or adjacent areas. Apply local regulations regarding hauling and disposal.

SECTION 02 41 00 Page 8

3.5 DISPOSAL OF REMOVED MATERIALS

3.5.1 Regulation of Removed Materials

Dispose of debris, rubbish, scrap, and other nonsalvageable materials resulting from removal operations with all applicable federal, state and local regulations as contractually specified in the Waste Disposal Plan as specified in Section 01 57 20.00 11 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.

3.5.2 Burning on Government Property

Burning of materials removed from demolished structures will not be permitted on Government property unless specified in other sections of the specifications or authorized in writing by the Contracting Officer. If authorized, transport combustible materials removed from demolished structures to the areas designated for burning by the Contracting Officer.

Control fires for protection of persons and property. Monitor fires continuously until the fires have burned out or have been extinguished.

Comply with Federal, State and local laws regulating the building and maintaining of brush and trash fires.

3.5.3 Removal from Government Property

Transport waste materials removed from demolished and deconstructed structures, except waste soil, from Government property for legal disposal. Dispose of waste soil as directed.

-- End of Section --

SECTION 31 05 21 Page 1

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 31 - EARTHWORK

SECTION 31 05 21

GEOGRID SOIL REINFORCEMENT

08/08

1.1 SCOPE

1.2 REFERENCES

1.3 SUBMITTALS

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.5.1 Labeling

1.5.2 Handling

1.5.3 Storage

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 GEOGRID REINFORCEMENT

2.1.1 Geogrid Reinforcement Properties

2.1.1.1 Allowable Strength

2.2 SPLICES

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

3.1.1 Subgrade Preparation

3.1.2 Anchor Trench

3.1.3 Placement

3.1.4 Overlaps and Fasteners

3.1.5 Splices

3.1.6 Penetrations

3.2 COVER SOIL PLACEMENT

3.3 OVERSIGHT

3.4 PROTECTION OF WORK

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 31 05 21 Page 2

SECTION 31 05 21

GEOGRID SOIL REINFORCEMENT

The work provided for herein consists of furnishing all plant, labor, material, and equipment for installation of geogrid for the as detailed on the task order drawings.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D4355/D4355M (2014) Deterioration of Geotextiles from

Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a

Xenon-Arc Type Apparatus

ASTM D4595 (2017) Standard Test Method for Tensile

Properties of Geotextiles by the

Wide-Width Strip Method

ASTM D4873/D4873M (2017) Standard Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic

Rolls and Samples

ASTM D5262 (2007; R 2016) Standard Test Method for

Evaluating the Unconfined Tension Creep

Behavior of Geosynthetics

ASTM D5321/D5321M (2017) Standard Test Method for

Determining the Shear Strength of

Soil-Geosynthetic and

Geosynthetic-Geosynthetic Interfaces by

Direct Shear

ASTM D6637 (2011) Standard Test Method for

Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi-Rib Tensile Method

ASTM D6706 (2001; R 2013) Standard Test Method for

Measuring Geosynthetic Pullout Resistance in Soil

GEOSYNTHETIC INSTITUTE (GSI)

GSI GRI GG4a (2012) Determination of the Long-Term

Design Strength of Stiff Geogrids

SECTION 31 05 21 Page 3

GSI GRI GG4b (2012) Determination of the Long-Term

Design Strength of Flexible Geogrids

1.3 SUBMITTALS

used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office

SD-02 Shop Drawings

Installation; G

SD-03 Product Data

Allowable Strength; G

Manufacturer; G

Splices And Connectors; G

SD-04 Samples

Geogrid Reinforcement

SD-06 Test Reports

Geogrid Reinforcement

Coefficient of Interaction

Interface Friction Testing

Splices

Conformance Testing

SD-07 Certificates

Certificates of Compliance

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Submit a summary of the manufacturer's qualifications and 3 copies of the manufacturer's quality control (QC) manual a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site. The reinforcement manufacturer shall provide a qualified and experienced representative to be available on an as-needed basis during construction. The representative shall visit the site for consultation as requested by the Contracting Officer.

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Check products upon delivery to ensure that the proper material has been received and is dry and undamaged. Protect the materials from damage and exposure following the guidelines presented in ASTM D4873/D4873M.

1.5.1 Labeling

Label each roll with the manufacturer's name, product identification, roll dimensions, lot number, and date manufactured.

SECTION 31 05 21 Page 4

1.5.2 Handling

Handle and unload geogrid rolls by hand, or with load carrying straps, a fork lift with a stinger bar, or an axial bar assembly. Geosynthetic rolls shall not be dragged, lifted by one end, lifted by cables or chains, or dropped to the ground.

1.5.3 Storage

Protect geogrid from deleterious materials, chemicals, sparks and flames, temperatures in excess of 160 degrees F, and any other environmental condition that may degrade the physical properties. If stored outdoors, the rolls shall be elevated from the ground surface. Protect geogrids, except for extruded grids, with an opaque waterproof cover.

2.1 GEOGRID REINFORCEMENT

Submit one properly identified 24 by 24 inches minimum size geogrid sample with the fasteners proposed for use. Provide a geogrid that is a geosynthetic manufactured for reinforcement applications and a regular network of integrally connected polymer tensile elements with aperture geometry sufficient to permit significant mechanical interlock with the surrounding soil, aggregate, or other fill materials.

a. Submit manufacturer's certified raw and roll material conformance testing reports including ultimate strength performed in accordance with ASTM D6637 or ASTM D4595 (modified). Test results not meeting the requirements in Table 1 or in the approved Manufacturer's Quality

Control Manual will result in rejection of applicable rolls. Provide certified test reports a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site.

b. The geogrid structure shall be dimensionally stable and able to retain its geometry under manufacture, transport and installation. The geogrid shall be manufactured with 100 percent virgin resin consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, or other approved material and with a maximum of 5 percent in-plant regrind material. Polyester resin shall have a minimum molecular weight of 25,000 and a carboxyl end group number less than 30. Polyethylene and polypropylene shall be stabilized with long term antioxidants.

c. Submit Certificates of Compliance for the materials provided and results of conformance testing. Submit an affidavit certifying raw and roll material test results submitted are accurate and that the reinforcement meets the requirements of the project specifications.

The affidavit shall be signed by an official authorized to certify on behalf of the manufacturer. The documents shall include a statement confirming that all purchased resin used to produce reinforcement is virgin resin. Provide affidavit a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site.

2.1.1 Geogrid Reinforcement Properties

The reinforcement shown on the contract drawings shall meet the property requirements listed in Table 1. Reinforcement strength requirements represent minimum average roll values in the machine direction.

SECTION 31 05 21 Page 5

TABLE 1

PROPERTY REQUIREMENT TEST DESIGNATION

Allowable Strength (Ta) at 5 percent strain

1,920 lb/inch GSI GRI GG4a or

GSI GRI GG4b

UV Resistance 70 percent after 500 hours

ASTM D4355/D4355M

Coefficient of

Interaction*

0.85 ASTM D6706

Coefficient of Direct

Sliding

0.7 (for SP, SM, CL, CH, ML & MH materials)

ASTM D5321/D5321M

*Submit the coefficient of interaction for pull-out resistance of the proposed geogrid in a soil of similar gradation and texture to the material that will be used for fill in the reinforced zone. Establish the coefficient of interaction in accordance with ASTM D6706. Provide certified test results a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to

2.1.1.1 Allowable Strength

Submit Geogrid allowable strength calculated in accordance with GSI GRI GG4a or GSI GRI GG4b. The calculations shall itemize each reduction factor.

Account for splice efficiency in the calculations. Provide calculations a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site. Allowable strength is based on reduction factors for installation damage, durability, and creep that are applicable to site specific conditions. Determine reduction factors in accordance with the test procedures documented in

GSI GRI GG4a or GSI GRI GG4b. The minimum reduction factor for durability shall be 1.1 for polyethylene and polypropylene geogrids and 1.15 for coated polyester geogrids. The minimum reduction factor for installation damage shall be 1.1 for all polymers. The reduction factor for creep shall be based on testing performed in accordance with ASTM D5262 at the strain specified in Table 1.

2.2 SPLICES

Splices and connectors shall be submitted showing splice efficiency.

Splices shall consist of a standard method or device recommended by the manufacturer of the geogrid. Splices shall be at least 90 percent efficient

(width wide tensile strength of splice to mean average role value tensile strength of reinforcing). Demonstrate the splice efficiency through tests performed in accordance with GSI GRI GG4a or GSI GRI GG4b and submit for review. Splicing may consist of overlaps, fusion wedge welding, sewing, or bodkin connections. Splicing methods that are dependent on installer experience and skill level, such as hot air and torch-applied open flame, are not acceptable.

3.1 INSTALLATION

Submit Geogrid layout plan along with anchorage and joint details, sequencing and construction procedures, a minimum of 7 days prior to geogrid placement.

SECTION 31 05 21 Page 6

3.1.1 Subgrade Preparation

Immediately prior to placement of the geogrid, subgrade shall be compacted and level-graded. The surface on which the geogrid will be placed shall be smooth and free of rock and other material that could damage the geogrid.

3.1.2 Anchor Trench

Install geogrid reinforcement in tension. The reinforcement shall be pulled taut and anchored with staples or stakes prior to placing the overlying lift of fill. The tension shall be uniform along the lenght of the slope and consistent between layers.

3.1.3 Placement

Install the geogrid in accordance with the Manufacturer's recommendations and the Task Order drawings. Unroll the geogrid in the direction of reinforcement. Orient the reinforcement with the design strength axis perpendicular to the slope face. Place reinforcement strips immediately next to adjacent strips to provide 100 percent coverage. After a layer of geogrid has been placed, use suitable means, that do not damage the underlying geosynthetics, to hold the geogrid flat and in place until cover soil can be placed. Geogrid damaged during placement and covering shall be removed and replaced at no additional cost to the Government.

3.1.4 Overlaps and Fasteners

All reinforcement shall be 100 percent covered by soil. Where the slope bends, a veneer of fill shall be placed to a nominal thicknesss of 3 inches to seperate overlapping reinforcement. Adjacent rolls of geogrid shall be positioned edge-to-edge and loosely fastened to maintain alignment during fill placement. Adjacent rolls shall not be overlapped. Use fastener type and spacing as recommended by the manufacturer and approved by the

Contracting Officer. Metallic fasteners will not be allowed.

3.1.5 Splices

Limit splicing to only one splice per reinforcing strip and no two consecutive reinforcing strips shall include a splice. Individual reinforcing lengths less than 10 feet shall not be used. Splices in geogrid reinforcement shall be pulled and held taut during cover soil placement.

3.1.6 Penetrations

For small penetrations through geogrids, only transverse members of the geogrid shall be cut. The load-carrying longitudinal (machine direction) members shall be spread around the penetration. For larger penetrations, additional geogrid shall be placed on each side of the penetration and spliced to the adjacent geogrid to compensate for any longitudinal tensile members that must be cut.

3.2 COVER SOIL PLACEMENT

Cover geogrid with soil within 5 calendar days of acceptance. Keep the geogrid smooth and taut during placement of cover materials. Cover soil shall not be dropped onto the geogrid from a height greater than 3 feet.

The soil shall be pushed out over the geogrid in an upward tumbling motion.

SECTION 31 05 21 Page 7

Use equipment with ground pressures less than 7 psi to place the first lift over the geogrid. A minimum fill thickness of 6 inches of soil shall be maintained between construction equipment with ground pressures greater than 7 psi and the geogrid. Equipment placing cover soil shall not stop abruptly, make sharp turns, spin their wheels, or travel at speeds exceeding

5 mph. Additional cover soil material and placement requirements are described in Section 31 24 00.00 12 EMBANKMENT.

3.3 OVERSIGHT

Keep a QA Representative present at all times during geogrid installation.

3.4 PROTECTION OF WORK

Work shall be protected against damage from subsequent operations.

SECTION 31 05 22 Page 1

SECTION 31 05 22

GEOTEXTILES USED AS FILTERS

1.2 SUBMITTALS

1.3 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

2.1.1 General

2.1.2 Geotextile Fiber

2.1.3 Seams

2.1.4 Securing Pins

2.2 INSPECTIONS, VERIFICATIONS, AND TESTING

2.2.1 Conformance Testing

2.2.2 Factory Sampling

2.2.3 Needle Punched Geotextile

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 SURFACE PREPARATION

3.2 INSTALLATION OF THE GEOTEXTILE

3.2.1 General

3.2.2 Placement

3.3 PROTECTION

3.4 PLACEMENT OF CUSHIONING MATERIAL

3.5 OVERLAPPING AND SEAMING

3.5.1 Overlapping

3.5.2 Sewn Seams

SECTION 31 05 22 Page 2

SECTION 31 05 22

GEOTEXTILES USED AS FILTERS

ASTM D123 (2015b; E 2016) Standard Terminology

Relating to Textiles

ASTM D4354 (2012) Sampling of Geosynthetics for

Testing

ASTM D4355/D4355M (2014) Deterioration of Geotextiles from

Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a

Xenon-Arc Type Apparatus

ASTM D4491/D4491M (2015) Standard Test Methods for Water

Permeability of Geotextiles by Permittivity

ASTM D4533/D4533M (2015) Standard Test Method for Trapezoid

Tearing Strength of Geotextiles

ASTM D4632/D4632M (2015a) Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles

ASTM D4751 (2016) Standard Test Method for

Determining Apparent Opening Size of a

Geotextile

ASTM D4833/D4833M (2007; E 2013; R 2013) Index Puncture

Resistance of Geotextiles, Geomembranes, and Related Products

ASTM D4873/D4873M (2016) Identification, Storage, and

Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and Samples

ASTM D4884/D4884M (2014a) Strength of Sewn or Thermally

Bonded Seams of Geotextiles used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office

SECTION 31 05 22 Page 3

SD-04 Samples

Geotextiles

Minimum of 7 days prior to the beginning of installation of the same textile

SD-06 Test Reports

Geotextiles

Site Verification

SD-07 Certificates

Geotextiles

Needle Punched Geotextile

1.3 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Deliver only approved geotextile rolls to the project site. All geotextile shall be labeled, shipped, stored, and handled in accordance with

ASTM D4873/D4873M. No hooks, tongs, or other sharp instruments shall be used for handling geotextile.

2.1 MATERIALS

2.1.1 General

Provide geotextile that is a non-woven pervious sheet of plastic yarn as defined by ASTM D123 matching or exceeding the minimum average roll values listed in TABLE 1. Strength values indicated in the table are for the weaker principal direction.

TABLE 1

MINIMUM PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DRAINAGE GEOTEXTILE

PROPERTY UNITS ACCEPTABLE VALUES TEST METHOD

GRAB STRENGTH lb 115 ASTM D4632/D4632M

SEAM STRENGTH lb 100 ASTM D4632/D4632M

PUNCTURE lb 310 ASTM D4833/D4833M

TRAPEZOID TEAR lb 50 ASTM D4533/D4533M

APPARENT OPENING

SIZE

U.S. SIEVE 50-100 ASTM D4751

PERMITTIVITY sec -1 0.05 minimum ASTM D4491/D4491M

ULTRAVIOLET

DEGRADATION

Percent 50 at 500 Hrs ASTM D4355/D4355M

2.1.2 Geotextile Fiber

Fibers used in the manufacturing of the geotextile shall consist of a

SECTION 31 05 22 Page 4 long-chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85 percent by weight of polyolefins, polyesters, or polyamides. Add stabilizers and/or inhibitors to the base polymer, if necessary to make the filaments resistant to deterioration caused by ultraviolet light and heat exposure. Reclaimed or recycled fibers or polymer shall not be added to the formulation.

Geotextile shall be formed into a network such that the filaments or yarns retain dimensional stability relative to each other, including the edges.

Finish the edges of the geotextile to prevent the outer fiber from pulling away from the geotextile.

2.1.3 Seams

Sew the seams of the geotextile with thread of a material meeting the chemical requirements given above for geotextile yarn or bond the seams by cementing or by heat. Test seams in accordance with method ASTM D4884/D4884M.

The strength of the seam shall be not less than 90 percent of the required grab tensile strength of the unaged geotextile in any principal direction.

2.1.4 Securing Pins

Secure the geotextile to the embankment or foundation soil by pins to prevent movement prior to placement of revetment materials. Other appropriate means to prevent movement such as staples, sand bags, and stone could also be used. Insert securing pins through both strips of overlapped geotextile along the line passing through midpoints of the overlap. Remove securing pins as placement of revetment materials are placed to prevent tearing of geotextile or enlarging holes. Maximum spacing between securing pins depends on the steepness of the embankment slope. The maximum pins spacing shall be equal to or less than the values listed in TABLE 2. When windy conditions prevail at the construction site, increase the number of pins upon the demand of the Contracting Officer. Anchor terminal ends of the geotextile with key trench or apron at crest, toe of the slope and upstream and downstream limits of installation.

TABLE 2

MAXIMUM SPACING FOR SECURING PINS

EMBANKMENT SPACING, feet

STEEPER THAN 1V ON 3H 2

1V ON 3H TO 1V ON 4H 3

FLATTER THAN 1V ON 4H 5

2.2 INSPECTIONS, VERIFICATIONS, AND TESTING

Manufacturing and Sampling

Geotextiles and factory seams shall meet the requirements specified in

TABLE 1.

2.2.1 Conformance Testing

Perform conformance testing in accordance with the manufacturers approved quality control manual. Submit manufacturer's quality control conformance test results.

SECTION 31 05 22 Page 5

2.2.2 Factory Sampling

Randomly sample geotextiles in accordance with ASTM D4354 (Procedure Method

A). Sample factory seams at the frequency specified in ASTM D4884/D4884M.

Provide all samples from the same production lot as will be supplied for the contract, of the full manufactured width of the geotextile by at least

10 feet long, except that samples for seam strength may be a full width sample folded over and the edges stitched for a length of at least 5 feet.

Samples submitted for testing shall be identified by manufacturers lot designation.

2.2.3 Needle Punched Geotextile

For needle punched geotextile, provide manufacturer certification that the geotextile has been inspected using permanent on-line metal detectors and does not contain any needles.

Manufacturer Certification

Upon delivery of the geotextile, submit duplicate copies of the written certificate of compliance signed by a legally authorized official of the manufacturer. The certificate shall state that the geotextile shipped to the site meets the chemical requirements and exceeds the minimum average roll value listed in TABLE 1.

3.1 SURFACE PREPARATION

Prepare surface, on which the geotextile will be placed, to a relatively smooth surface condition in accordance with the applicable portion of this specification and shall be free from obstruction, debris, depressions, erosion feature, or vegetation. Remove any irregularities so as to ensure continuous, intimate contact of the geotextile with all the surface. Any loose material, soft or low density pockets of material, shall be removed;

erosion features such as rills, gullies etc. shall be graded out of the surface before geotextile placement.

3.2 INSTALLATION OF THE GEOTEXTILE

3.2.1 General

Place the geotextile in the manner and at the locations shown. At the time of installation, reject the geotextile if it has defects, rips, holes, flaws, deterioration or damage incurred during manufacture, transportation or storage.

3.2.2 Placement

Place the geotextile with the long dimension parallel to the trench and laid smooth and free of tension, stress, folds, wrinkles, or creases.

Place the strips to provide a minimum width of 18 inches of overlap for each joint. Adjust the actual length of the geotextile used based on initial installation experience. Temporary pinning of the geotextile to help hold it in place until the pervious fill, bedding material, or drainage blanket is placed will be allowed. Remove the temporary pins as the pervious fill, bedding material, or drainage blanket is placed to relieve high tensile stress which may occur during placement of material on the geotextile. Perform trimming in such a manner that the geotextile is

SECTION 31 05 22 Page 6 not damaged in any way.

3.3 PROTECTION

Protect the geotextile at all times during construction from contamination by surface runoff; remove any geotextile so contaminated and replace with uncontaminated geotextile. Replace any geotextile damaged during its installation or during placement of pervious fill, filter material, or drainage blanket materials at no cost to the Government. Schedule the work so that the covering of the geotextile with a layer of the specified material is accomplished within 7 calendar days after placement of the geotextile. Failure to comply shall require replacement of geotextile.

Protect the geotextile from damage prior to and during the placement of riprap or other materials. Before placement of riprap or other materials, demonstrate that the placement technique will not cause damage to the geotextile. In no case shall any type of equipment be allowed on the unprotected geotextile.

3.4 PLACEMENT OF CUSHIONING MATERIAL

Perform placing of cushioning material in a manner to ensure intimate contact of the geotextile with the prepared surface and with the cushioning material. The placement shall also be performed in a manner that will not damage the geotextile including tear, puncture, or abrasion. On sloping surfaces place the cushioning material from the bottom of the slopes upward. For geotextiles to be placed under riprap, the height of the drop of riprap material shall not be greater than 12 inches. Uncover any geotextile damaged beneath the cushioning material, as necessary, and replaced at no cost to the Government.

3.5 OVERLAPPING AND SEAMING

3.5.1 Overlapping

The overlap of geotextile rolls shall be 18 inches. Appropriate measures will be taken to ensure required overlap exists after cushion placement.

3.5.2 Sewn Seams

High strength thread should be used so that seam test conforms to

ASTM D4884/D4884M. The thread shall meet the chemical, ultraviolet, and physical requirements of the geotextile, and the color shall be different from that of the geotextile. The seam strength shall be equal to the strength required for the geotextile in the direction across the seam.

Overlapping J-type seams are preferable over prayer-type seams as the overlapping geotextile reduces the chance of openings to occur at the seam. Use double sewing, specially for field seams, to provide a safety factor against undetected missed stitches.

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CLEARING, GRUBBING AND STRIPPING

10/10/15

1.3 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.4 QUALITY CONTROL

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 TREE WOUND PAINT

2.2 HERBICIDE

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 PROTECTION

3.1.1 Roads and Walks

3.1.2 Trees, Shrubs, and Existing Facilities

3.1.3 Utility and Telecommunication Lines

3.1.4 Cemeteries

3.2 CLEARING

3.3 GRUBBING

3.4 STRIPPING

3.5 TREE REMOVAL

3.6 PRUNING

3.7 DISPOSAL OF MATERIALS

3.7.1 General

3.7.2 Burning

3.7.3 Air Curtain Burning

3.7.4 Chipping

3.7.5 Removal from Site

3.7.6 Saleable Timber

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CLEARING, GRUBBING AND STRIPPING

10/10/15

The work covered by this section consists of furnishing all plant, labor, materials, equipment, and performing all work in strict accordance with the specifications, schedules, and drawings in connections with the Task Order, including disposition of material generated by this work.

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only or as otherwise designated. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the

Government. The following shall be submitted in accordance with Section

01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-04 Samples

Tree wound paint

Herbicide

Submit samples in cans with manufacturer's label.

1.3 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Deliver materials to, store at the site, and handle in a manner which will maintain the materials in their original manufactured or fabricated condition until ready for use.

1.4 QUALITY CONTROL

The Contractor shall establish and maintain quality control for all clearing, grubbing and stripping operations to assure compliance with contract requirements, and shall maintain records of quality control for all construction operations, including but not limited to the following:

(1) Limits of clearing, grubbing and stripping including location and heights.

(2) Quality and completeness of clearing, grubbing and stripping.

(3) Proper disposition of clearing, grubbing and stripping material.

If applicable, method and location of burning.

(4) If burning is applicable, method for prevention of fire damage to standing timber and improvements.

(5) Grubbing and stripping location, limits, depths, refill of holes

SECTION 31 11 00.00 11 Page 3 and compaction.

A copy of the inspection and tests, as well as the records of corrective action taken, shall be furnished the Government.

2.1 TREE WOUND PAINT

Bituminous based paint of standard manufacture specially formulated for tree wounds.

2.2 HERBICIDE

Comply with Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (Title 7

U.S.C. Section 136) for requirements on Contractor's licensing, certification and record keeping.

3.1 PROTECTION

3.1.1 Roads and Walks

Keep roads and walks free of dirt and debris at all times.

3.1.2 Trees, Shrubs, and Existing Facilities

Trees and vegetation to be left standing shall be protected from damage incidental to clearing, grubbing, stripping, and construction operations by the erection of barriers or by such other means as the circumstances require.

3.1.3 Utility and Telecommunication Lines

Protect existing utility and telecommunication lines that are to remain in place. Notify the Contracting Officer immediately of damage to or an encounter with an unknown existing utility or telecommunication line. The

Contractor shall be responsible for the repairs of damage to existing utility and telecommunication lines that are indicated or made known to the

Contractor prior to start of clearing, grubbing and stripping operations.

When utility and/or telecommunication lines, which are to be removed, are encountered within the area of operations, the Contractor shall notify the

Contracting Officer in ample time to minimize interruption of the service.

3.1.4 Cemeteries

If cemeteries are in the area to be cleared, grubbed or stripped, the

Contractor shall not disturb or destroy any grave marker, or allow any vehicle to pass over a grave, or otherwise disturb the surface of the ground over any grave. The Contractor shall adequately mark the graves to insure that equipment does not work in the area.

3.2 CLEARING

Clearing limits will be shown or specified on the plans provided in the

Task Order. Clearing shall consist of the felling, trimming, and cutting of trees into sections and the satisfactory disposal of the trees and other vegetation designated for removal, including all growth, stumps, downed

SECTION 31 11 00.00 11 Page 4 timber, partially buried logs, snags, brush, abandoned piling, and rubbish occurring within the areas to be cleared. Clearing shall also include the removal and disposal of structures that obtrude, encroach upon, or otherwise obstruct the work. Before clearing operations begin, the

Contractor shall mark or designate all trees that are to be left standing/undisturbed. Trees, stumps, roots, brush, and other vegetation in areas to be cleared shall be cut off flush with or below the original ground surface, except such trees and vegetation to be left standing.

Trees designated to be left standing within the cleared areas shall be trimmed of dead branches 1-1/2 inches or more in diameter and shall be trimmed of all branches the heights indicated or directed. Limbs and branches to be trimmed shall be neatly cut close to the bole of the tree or main branches. Cuts more than 1-1/2 inches in diameter shall be painted with an approved tree-wound paint. Apply herbicide in accordance with the manufacturer's label to the top surface of stumps designated not to be removed.

3.3 GRUBBING

Grubbing shall consist of the removal and disposal of stumps, tap roots, buried logs, and other projections which have a diameter larger than 1-1/2 inches in diameter. Material to be grubbed, together with logs and other debris not suitable for foundation purposes, shall be cut-off and removed to a depth of not less than 2 feet below the finished grade, or otherwise completely grubbed out. Depressions made by grubbing shall be filled with suitable material and compacted to make the surface conform with the finished adjacent surface of the ground. The use of explosives for removing stumps will not be permitted.

3.4 STRIPPING

Within the project limits, areas where borrow is to be excavated and areas where embankment material will be placed shall be stripped 6" or an additional depth required to remove all vegetative material described below and as approved by the Contracting Officer. The stripped material shall be stockpiled and spread back onto the constructed embankment and borrow areas, meeting specifications shown on the plans with a minimum depth of 3" for embankment and borrow areas. Any material in excess from stripping can be spread onto the disturbed borrow area. Stripping shall include the removal of all topsoil, organic material, crops, weeds, grass, and other vegetative materials to the ground. Areas that require stripping will be shown on the Task Order drawings.

3.5 TREE REMOVAL

Where indicated or directed, trees and stumps that are designated as trees shall be removed from areas outside those areas designated for clearing and grubbing. This work shall include the felling of such trees and the removal of their stumps and roots as specified in paragraph GRUBBING.

Trees shall be disposed of as specified in paragraph DISPOSAL OF MATERIALS.

3.6 PRUNING

Trim trees designated to be left standing within the cleared areas of dead branches 1 1/2 inches or more in diameter; and trim branches to heights and in a manner as indicated. Neatly cut limbs and branches to be trimmed close to the bole of the tree or main branches. Paint cuts more than 1 1/4 inches in diameter with an approved tree wound paint.

SECTION 31 11 00.00 11 Page 5

3.7 DISPOSAL OF MATERIALS

3.7.1 General

All debris resulting from clearing operations on this contract shall be disposed of by burning, and/or removal from site. The Contractor shall make a reasonable effort to channel materials of value resulting from clearing, grubbing and stripping operations into beneficial use. In no case shall cleared material be thrown into or left in adjacent ditches or rivers.

3.7.2 Burning

If burning is authorized in the Task Order, the Contractor shall comply with the applicable pollution restrictions of the State or States in which the work is being performed. Subject to restrictions and obtaining any permit which may be required by the applicable State(s), the Contractor must obtain the Contracting Officer's approval of the location, method and time burning shall take place. Where burning is authorized, the Contractor may elect to use either traditional (pile) burning or the air curtain (pit) burning method described below. After the felling operation has been completed, the timber to be burned must be piled for burning within 5 days. The material that is to be burned shall be placed in piles for burning at locations and in such manner that it will not float into the ditch(es), river(s) or outside of the right-of-way. Burning of cleared debris shall not be allowed at a disposal site, regardless of location, that in the judgment of the Contracting Officer poses a potential hazard to the public utility. Burning operations shall be conducted so as to prevent damage to standing timber or other flammable growth. At a minimum, burning sites shall be spaced so that no site is closer than 500 feet to any other site. No material shall be burned within 100 feet of the centerline of roads, highways, railways or standing timber, or within 25 feet of utilities. All debris resulting from burning operations, including root wads, shall be disposed of by removal from site as described in the paragraph "Removal from Site" below. The Contractor will be responsible for any damage to life and/or property resulting from fires that are started by any employees or as a result of project operations. The

Contractor shall furnish, at the site of burning operations, adequate fire fighting equipment to properly equip his personnel for fighting fires.

Fires shall be guarded at all times and shall be under constant surveillance until they have been extinguished.

3.7.3 Air Curtain Burning

If burning is authorized in the Task Order, material may be burned by the air curtain method. The Contractor must obtain the Contracting Officer's approval of the location and time burning shall take place, provided such burning is in compliance with all applicable Federal, State, and Local laws. Burning operations shall be conducted so as to prevent damage to standing timber or other flammable growth. The Contractor will be responsible for any damage to life and/or property resulting from fires that are started by any employees or as a result of project operations. The

Contractor shall furnish, at the site of burning operations, adequate firefighting equipment to properly equip personnel for fighting fires.

Fires shall be guarded at all times and shall be under constant surveillance until they have been extinguished. The Contracting Officer shall approve excavation and exact locations of pits. Non-combustible material and unburned material remaining after air curtain pit burning must be removed from the site as specified in the REMOVAL FROM SITE paragraph

SECTION 31 11 00.00 11 Page 6 below or can be left in the pit and covered with a minimum 3 feet of compacted soil. Pits shall be filled utilizing the excavated materials and compacting of materials to a density at least equal to that of the adjacent undisturbed earth material. Filling of burn pits and the spreading of excess over adjacent areas shall be as approved by the Contracting Officer.

3.7.4 Chipping

All cut timber, down timber, dead timber, branches, and brush may be chipped. The chips may be hauled either to temporary stockpiles or to other locations approved by the Contracting Officer. The chips shall be deposited in these areas in piles. At the option of the Contractor, the chips may be either sold or spread over worksite areas as a dust preventive measure, or may be used within the project area as a mulch for plantings spread evenly over the completed embankments prior to the fertilizing and seeding operation.. However, disposal by spreading shall be acceptable only in areas where the wood chips cannot be washed either into ditches or streams or off the right-of-way by rainfall runoff.

3.7.5 Removal from Site

The Contractor may remove debris from the site of the work. Inorganic materials shall be removed from the site and disposed of in compliance with all applicable Federal, State and local laws. The Contractor may retain for use or disposal by sale or otherwise any such materials of value. The

Government assumes no responsibility for the protection or safekeeping of any materials retained by the Contractor. Such materials shall be removed from the site of the work before the date of completion of the work specified in the Task Order. The locations and manner of placement of debris on the right-of-way by the Contractor for convenience, prior to removal of the debris from the site of the work, shall be subject to the approval of the Contracting Officer. When debris from clearing, grubbing and stripping operations is placed on adjacent property, the Contractor shall obtain, without cost to the Government, additional rights-of-way for such purpose. Such material shall be placed so as not to interfere with roads, drainage, or other improvements and in such a manner as to eliminate the possibility of it entering any ditches or streams or exiting the right-of-way.

3.7.6 Saleable Timber

All timber on the project site noted for clearing shall become the property of the Contractor, and shall be removed from the project site.

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EXCAVATION

9/2010

1.3 QUALITY CONTROL

3.1 EXCAVATION IN BORROW AREAS

3.1.1 General

3.1.2 Government Furnished Borrow Areas

3.1.2.1 Criteria

3.1.2.2 Surveys

3.1.3 Borrow Areas for Hydraulic Fills

3.2 DISPOSITION OF MATERIALS

3.2.1 Material Used for Embankment and Berm or Fill

3.2.2 Wasted Materials

3.3 EXCAVATION IN OTHER AREAS

3.3.1 General

3.3.2…