Am0001_Specs.pdf

Salt Creek Levee Rehab Areas 9, 10 25, 26, Lancaster Co, NE SC18

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 32 - EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

SECTION 32 92 20

SEEDING

01/02

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

1.2 REFERENCES

1.3 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 Stand of Turf

1.3 SUBMITTALS

1.4 SOURCE INSPECTION

1.5 DELIVERY, INSPECTION, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.5.1 Delivery

1.5.2 Seed Protection

1.5.3 Inspection

1.5.4 Storage

1.5.5 Handling

1.5.6 TIME RESTRICTIONS AND PLANTING CONDITIONS

1.5.6.1 Restrictions

1.5.7 TIME LIMITATIONS

1.5.7.1 Seed

1.5.7.2 Hydroseeding

1.5.8 PAYMENT

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 SEED

2.1.1 Seed Classification

2.1.2 Planting Dates (Permanent)

2.1.3 Seed Mix B (Channel Side Slopes)

2.1.4 Smooth Brome Mix E

2.1.5 Temporary Seed Species

2.1.6 Quality

2.1.7 Seed Mixing

2.2 TOPSOIL

2.3 FERTILIZER

2.4 MULCH

2.5 Straw

2.6 Hay

2.7 Wood Cellulose Fiber Mulch

2.8 WATER

2.9 SOIL EROSION CONTROL MATERIAL

2.9.1 Surface Erosion Control Blanket

2.9.2 SOIL EROSION CONTROL BLANKET

2.9.3 Surface Erosion Control Fabric

2.9.4 Erosion Control Material Anchors

PART 3 EXECUTION

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 1 Am0001

3.1 INSTALLING SEED

3.1.1 Seeding Time

3.1.2 Seeding Conditions

3.1.3 Equipment Calibration

3.2 SITE PREPARATION

3.2.1 Finished Grade and Topsoil

3.2.2 Applying Fertilizer

3.2.3 Tillage

3.2.4 Prepared Surface

3.2.4.1 Preparation

3.2.4.2 Field Area Debris

3.2.4.3 Protection

3.3 SEEDING

3.3.1 Seed Application Seasons and Conditions

3.3.2 Equipment

3.3.3 Installing Seed

3.3.3.1 Drill Seeding

3.3.3.2 Broadcast Seeding

3.3.3.3 Rolling

3.3.3.4 Hydroseeding

3.3.3.5 Mulching

3.3.3.5.1 Wood Cellulose Fiber and Tackifier

3.3.3.6 Straw or Hay Mulch

3.3.3.7 Mechanical Anchoring

3.3.3.8 Hydromulching

3.3.3.9 Watering Seed

3.4 SURFACE EROSION CONTROL

3.4.1 SOIL EROSION CONTROL BLANKET

3.5 RESTORATION AND CLEAN UP

3.5.1 Restoration

3.5.2 Clean Up

3.6 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED AREAS

3.7 SEED ESTABLISHMENT PERIOD

3.7.1 Commencement

3.7.2 Satisfactory Stand of Grass Plants

3.7.2.1 Lawn Area

3.7.3 Maintenance During Establishment Period

3.7.3.1 Mowing

3.7.3.2 Post-Fertilization

3.7.3.3 Repair

3.7.3.4 Maintenance Record

3.10 FINAL ACCEPTANCE

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 2

SECTION 32 92 20

SEEDING

01/02

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

This specification section covers seeding requirements for all disturbed areas within the project limits excluding surfacing and stone protection areas. Seed shall be applied to all levee embankment, access ramps, and recreation trail slopes by hydroseeding or drill seeding.

1.2 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (USDA)

AMS Seed Act (1940; R 1988; R 1998) Federal Seed Act Regulations (Part 201-202)

1.3 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 Stand of Turf

95 percent ground cover of the established species.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. The following shall be submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-01 Preconstruction Submittals

Delivery;

Delivery schedule, at least 10 days prior to the intended date of the first delivery.

SD-03 Product Data

Equipment; G-AO .

A listing of equipment to be used for the seeding operation and calibration test for seed application..

Wood cellulose fiber mulch

Include physical characteristics, and recommendations.

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 3

Erosion Control Blanket and Anchors

Includes product data and recommendation.

Equipment; G-AO Chemical Treatment Material; G-RE

Manufacturer's literature including physical characteristics, application and installation instructions for equipment, surface erosion control material and chemical treatment material.

A listing of equipment to be used for the seeding operation.

Delivery; G-AO

Delivery schedule.Finished Grade and Topsoil;

Finished grade status.Topsoil;

Availability of topsoil from the stripping and stockpiling operation.

Quantity Check; G-AO

Bag count or bulk weight measurements of material used compared with area covered to determine the application rate and quantity installed.

Seed Establishment Period; G-AO

Calendar time period for the seed establishment period. When there is more than one seed establishment period, the boundaries of the seeded area covered for each period shall be described.

Maintenance Record; G-AO

Maintenance work performed, area repaired or reinstalled, diagnosis for unsatisfactory stand of grass plants.

SD-06 Test Reports

Equipment Calibration; G-AO

Certification of calibration tests conducted on the equipment used in the seeding operation.

SD-07 Certificates

Seed suppliers Certificate of Seed species, purity and percent of seed attached to every bag seed

SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions

Erosion Control Materials

Turf Establishment Period; G-AO .

Written calendar time period for the turf establishment period. When there is more than one turf establishment period, the boundaries of the seeded areas covered for each period shall be described.

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 4

Certificates of compliance certifying that materials meet the requirements specified, in accordance with paragraph MATERIALS, prior to the delivery of materials. Certified copies of the reports for the following materials shall be included:

Seed suppliers Certificate of Seed species, purity and percent of seed attached to every bag

Seed; G-AO

For mixture, percent pure live seed, minimum percent germination and hard seed, maximum percent weed seed content, date tested, and state certification.

Fertilizer; G-AO

Hydromulch and Tackifier; G-AO

Prior to the delivery of materials, certificates of compliance attesting that materials meet the specified requirements.

Certified copies of the material certificates shall include the following:

a. Seed. Classification, botanical name, common name, percent pure live seed, minimum percent germination and hard seed, maximum percent weed seed content, and date tested.

c. Fertilizer. Chemical analysis and composition percent.

d. Hydromulch and Tackifier: Show composition and source of materials. Also show compliance with specification requirements.

1.4 SOURCE INSPECTION

The source of any topsoil delivered to the project site shall be subject to inspection prior to delivery, and shall meet requirements of ASTM D 5268.

1.5 DELIVERY, INSPECTION, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.5.1 Delivery

Deliver to the site in original, unopened containers bearing manufacturer's seed analysis, name, trade name, trademark, and indication of conformance to state and federal laws. A delivery schedule shall be provided at least 10 calendar days prior to the first day of delivery.

1.5.2 Seed Protection

Protect from drying out and from contamination during delivery, on-site storage, and handling.

1.5.3 Inspection

Seed shall be inspected upon arrival at the job site by the Contracting Officer for conformity to type and quantity in accordance with paragraph 2.1, SEED. Fertilizer and topsoil delivered to the site shall be inspected by the Contracting Officer to ensure it meets specified requirements. Seed

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 5 that is wet, moldy, or bears a test date five months or older, shall be rejected. The following shall be rejected: Open soil amendment containers or wet soil amendments; topsoil that contains slag, cinders, stones, lumps of soil, sticks, roots, trash or other material over a minimum 1-1/2 inch diameter; and topsoil that contains viable plants and plant parts.

Unacceptable materials shall be removed from the job site immediately.

1.5.4 Storage

Materials shall be stored in designated areas acceptable to the Contracting Officer. Seed and fertilizer shall be stored in cool, dry locations away from contaminants. Pesticides shall not be stored with other landscape materials.

1.5.5 Handling

Except for bulk deliveries, materials shall not be dropped or dumped from vehicles.

1.5.6 TIME RESTRICTIONS AND PLANTING CONDITIONS

1.5.6.1 Restrictions

Do not plant when the ground is frozen, snow covered, muddy, or when air temperature exceeds 90 degrees Fahrenheit.

1.5.7 TIME LIMITATIONS

1.5.7.1 Seed

Apply seed within twenty four hours after seed bed preparation.

1.5.7.2 Hydroseeding

Hydroseeding time limitation for holding seed in the slurry shall be a maximum of 24 hours.

1.5.8 PAYMENT

Separate payment will not be made for the work described in this section.

All costs for this work will be included in the appropriate contract unit bid prices.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 SEED

2.1.1 Seed Classification

State-certified seed of the latest season's crop shall be provided in original sealed packages bearing the producer's guaranteed analysis for percentages of mixture, purity, germination, hard seed, weed seed content, and inert material. Labels shall be in conformance with AMS Seed Act and applicable state seed laws. All seed shall be inspected upon arrival at the job site by the Contracting Officer with seed tags from each bag collected at that time.

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 6

2.1.2 Planting Dates (Permanent)

Planting Season Planting Dates

Dormant Season November 15 thru March 1 Spring Season March 1 thru May 30 Fall Season August 15 thru September 15

2.1.3 Seed Mix B (Channel Side Slopes)

Botanical Name Common Name Pounds PLS/Acre

Bromus inermus Smooth Brome Grass 20.0 Festuca arundinaceae K-31 Tall Fescue 20.0 Panicum Virgatum Switchgrass 4.0 Agropyron smithii Western Wheatgrass 4.0 Elymus virginicus Virginia Wildrye 2.0 Elymus canadensis Canadian Wildrye 4.0 Avena sativa (Nurse Crop) Common Oats (VNS) 25.0 Total Pounds Pure Live Seed per Total 83.0

Nurse Crop (Mixed with above) Spring Planting 5 pounds per acre Dormant Planting 15 pounds per acre

Seed mix should be from a source that does not treat/coat with neonicotinoids.

The above mixture weights (pounds pure live seed per acre) are applicable only to drill seeding. If seed is applied by broadcast or hydroseeding methods, the mixture weight of each specifies shall be doubled, resulting in an application rate of 100 pounds pure live seed per acre.

2.1.4 Smooth Brome Mix E

Botanical Name Common Name Pounds PLS/Acre

Bromus inermus Smooth Brome Grass 40.0 Avena sativa (Nurse Crop) Common Oats (VNS) 25.0 Total Pounds Pure Live Seed per Total 65.0

2.1.5 Temporary Seed Species

Temporary seed species for surface erosion control or overseeding shall be as follows:

Mixture Percent Common Name by Weight

Seed Oats VNS 100.0 lbs/Acre

2.1.6 Quality

Weed seed shall be a maximum 1 percent by weight of the total mixture.

Wet, moldy, or otherwise damaged seed shall be rejected.

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 7

2.1.7 Seed Mixing

The mixing of seed may be done by the seed supplier prior to delivery to the project. Bulk quantities of seed shall be labeled as required in paragraph 2.1.1, Seed Classification. Substitutions or variations in the seed mixture shall not be allowed without prior written request by the Contractor and written approval from the Contracting Officer.

2.2 TOPSOIL

Topsoil shall be obtained from existing topsoil material stripped and stockpiled onsite. The exception is Area 10, this area will require the Contractor to import topsoil from a location at 1020 South Coddington Avenue, Outdoor Solutions, contact is John Hendricks at 402-420-1477; it is no cost to the Contractor.

2.3 FERTILIZER

Nutrients ratio for fertilizer shall be 18 percent nitrogen, 46 percent phosphorus, and 0 percent potassium. Fertilizer shall be controlled release commercial grade, free flowing, uniform in composition, and consist of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio. The fertilizer shall be derived from sulphur coated urea, urea formaldehyde, plastic or polymer coated pills, or isobutylenediurea (IBDU). Fertilizer shall be balanced with the inclusion of trace minerals and micro-nutrients.

2.4 MULCH

Mulch shall be free from weeds, mold, and other deleterious materials.

Mulch materials shall be native to the region.

Hay shall be native prairie hay from alfalfa or clover furnished in an air-dry condition suitable for placing with commercial mulch-blowing equipment. Hay shall be free of noxious weeds, brome grass, mold or other objectionable materials.

When seed is applied by hydroseeding, the seed mixture shall contain hydromulch with tackifier. Hydromulch shall be free from weeds, mold, and other deleterious materials. Hydromulch materials shall be native to the region and shall meet additional requirements as stated below.

2.5 Straw

Stalks from oats, wheat, rye, barley. Furnish in air-dry condition and of proper consistency for placing with commercial mulch blowing equipment.

Straw shall contain no fertile seed or weed seeds.

2.6 Hay

Air-dry condition and of proper consistency for placing with commercial mulch blowing equipment. Hay shall be clean and free of weed seeds.

2.7 Wood Cellulose Fiber Mulch

Use recovered materials of wood-based hydraulic mulch processed to contain no growth or germination-inhibiting factors and dyed an appropriate green color to facilitate visual metering of materials application. Composition on air-dry weight basis: 9 to 15 percent moisture, pH range from 5.5 to

8.2. Use with hydraulic application of grass seed.

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 8

2.8 WATER

Water shall be the responsibility of the Contractor, unless otherwise noted. Water shall not contain elements toxic to plant life and shall be obtained from an approved source prior to use.

2.9 SOIL EROSION CONTROL MATERIAL

Surface erosion control material shall conform to the following:

2.9.1 Surface Erosion Control Blanket

Blanket shall be machine produced mat of straw from a web of interlocking straw fibers; covered on both sides with a degradable plastic mesh or interwoven thread designed to degrade within 18 months, to be used on slopes as steep as 3H:1V and areas with heavy run-off. Erosion control blanket shall be the same as or equal to North American Green SC-150.

Additionally if Erosion Control Blankets are used on the river side of any channel an additional 50 pounds per acre of oats shall be seeded with the above mixture for fast stabilization of the blanket on all surfaces where the blanket is used. Soil erosion control blanket shall be approximately

6.5 feet wide by 80 feet in length, and shall weigh approximately 0.5 pounds per square yard.

2.9.2 SOIL EROSION CONTROL BLANKET

Soil erosion control blanket shall be a machine produced mat of straw interwoven with a degradable plastic mesh or interwoven thread on both top and bottom surfaces. The material selected shall be manufactured specifically to provide soil erosion control for slopes steeper than 3 horizontal to 1 vertical (3H:1V), consistent with the intended use.

2.9.3 Surface Erosion Control Fabric

Shall be the same as or equal to North American Green S150.

2.9.4 Erosion Control Material Anchors

Erosion control blanket anchors shall be secured to the ground with wire staples or biodegradable plastic anchors. Erosion control anchors shall be as recommended by the manufacturer.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLING SEED

3.1.1 Seeding Time

Seed shall be installed from April 1 to June 1 for spring establishment;

and from August 1 to Sept 15 for fall establishment. Topsoiling and seeding of the temporary levee and temporary ramp is not required.

3.1.2 Seeding Conditions

Seeding operations shall be performed only during periods when beneficial results can be obtained. When drought, excessive moisture, or other unsatisfactory conditions prevail, seeding work shall be stopped when directed by the Contracting Officer. When special conditions warrant a

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 9 variance to the seeding operations, proposed alternate times shall be submitted for approval by the Contracting Officer.

3.1.3 Equipment Calibration

Immediately prior to beginning seeding operations, calibration tests shall be conducted on equipment to be used. Tests shall confirm the equipment is operating within the manufacturer's specifications and will meet the specified criteria. The equipment shall be calibrated a minimum of once every day during the operation. Calibration test results shall be provided within one week of testing.

3.2 SITE PREPARATION

3.2.1 Finished Grade and Topsoil

Prior to seeding, the Contractor shall verify that finished grades are as indicated on contract drawings, and placing of topsoil, smooth grading, and compaction requirements have been completed per specification requirements. Any deviations from specification requirements shall be corrected prior to seeding. Soil used for repair of erosion and correction of grade deficiencies shall conform to paragraph 2.2, TOPSOIL.

3.2.2 Applying Fertilizer

Fertilizer shall be applied at a rate of 200 pounds of fertilizer mix per acre for field seeding. Fertilizer may be applied as part of the seed mixture during the hydroseeding process. Fertilizer shall be incorporated into the soil to a maximum 4 inch depth or may be incorporated as part of the hydroseeding operation.

3.2.3 Tillage

Soil on slopes up to a maximum 3-horizontal-to-1-vertical shall be tilled to a depth of 4 inches. On slopes between 3-horizontal-to-1-vertical and 1-horizontal-to-1 vertical, soil shall be tilled to a depth of 2 inches by scarifying with heavy rakes, or other method. Rototillers shall be used where soil conditions and length of slope permit. On slopes 1-horizontal-to-1 vertical and steeper, hand tillage is required. Drainage patterns shall be maintained as indicated on contract drawings. Areas compacted by construction operations shall be completely pulverized by tillage to a depth of 12 inches. Soil used for repair of surface erosion or grade deficiencies shall conform to topsoil requirements.

3.2.4 Prepared Surface

3.2.4.1 Preparation

Drainage patterns shall be maintained as indicated on drawings. Seeding areas compacted by construction operations shall be completely pulverized by tillage. The prepared surface shall be a maximum 1 inch below the adjoining grade of any surfaced area. New surfaces shall be blended to existing areas. The prepared surface shall be completed with a light raking to remove debris.

3.2.4.2 Field Area Debris

Field areas shall have debris and stones larger than 3 inches in any dimension removed from the surface.

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 10

3.2.4.3 Protection

Areas with the prepared surface shall be protected from compaction or damage by vehicular or pedestrian traffic and surface erosion.

3.3 SEEDING

3.3.1 Seed Application Seasons and Conditions

Prior to installing seed, any previously prepared topsoil areas that have become compacted by construction equipment or damaged shall be reworked to meet requirements of paragraph 3.2, SITE PREPARATION. Prior to seeding the Contractor shall verify that finished grades are as indicated on contract drawings. Existing grass vegetation shall be removed by mechanical means prior to scarifying to a depth of 2". Smooth grading, and compaction requirements shall be completed as required. Finished grades shall be subject to approval by the Contracting Officer and any deviations from specified requirements shall be corrected prior to seeding.

Seeding operations shall not take place when the wind velocity will prevent uniform seed distribution.Do not seed when ground is muddy, frozen, snow covered, or in an unsatisfactory condition for seeding. If special conditions exist that may warrant a variance in the above seeding dates or conditions, submit a written request to the Contracting Officer stating the special conditions and proposed variance. Apply seed within twenty four hours after seedbed preparation. Sow seed by approved sowing equipment.

All finished areas shall be seeded with temporary seeding between the dates of June 1 to August 14 and between September 15 and October 7.

All finished areas seeded with temporary seed mix in the summer shall be reseeded with permanent seed mixes in the fall period. All finished areas seeded with temporary seed mix in the fall shall be dormant seeded as soon as soil temperatures are below 50 degrees in the fall.

3.3.2 Equipment

The equipment to be used and the methods of seeding shall be subject to the inspection and approval of the Contracting Officer prior to commencement of seeding operations. Immediately prior to the commencement of seeding operations, the Contractor shall conduct seeding equipment calibration tests in the presence of the Contracting Officer.

3.3.3 Installing Seed

Seed application of all disturbed areas shall occur by hydroseeding, drill seeding, or broadcast seeding. The method of seed installation shall result in uniform seed distribution over the area to be seeded. The seeding operation shall not take place when the wind velocity prevents uniform seed distribution, as determined by the Contracting Officer.

Drill seeding shall be the first priority. Broadcast seeding shall occur only in those areas where drill seeding is not possible. Seeding procedure shall ensure even coverage. Gravity feed applicators, which drop seed directly from a hopper onto the prepared soil, shall not be used because of the difficulty in achieving even coverage, unless otherwise approved. The required seed application rate varies according to the seed application method, as specified in paragraph 2.1.2, Permanent Seed Species and

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 11

Mixtures.

3.3.3.1 Drill Seeding

Seed shall be uniformly drilled to a maximum 1/2 inch depth, at the specified rate using a Brillon-type seeder. Row markers shall be used when applying seed. Half the total amount of seed application shall be drilled in one direction, with the remaining seed drilled at a 90-degree angle to the initial direction. The level of seed in the seed box shall be maintained half-full or above at all times during the seeding operation.

When seed is applied by drill seeding, straw mulch shall be applied at the rate of at least 4,000 pounds per acre. Straw mulch shall be crimped into the ground to minimize loss of straw due to wind.

3.3.3.2 Broadcast Seeding

Seed shall be uniformly broadcast at twice the specified rate when broadcast seeding is used. Half the total amount of seed application shall be broadcast in one direction, with the remaining seed broadcast at a 90-degree angle to the initial direction. Seed shall be covered with topsoil a maximum 1/4 inch depth by disk harrow, steel mat drag, cultipacker, or other device approved in advance by the Contracting Officer. When broadcast seeded the seed mix quantity shall be applied at twice the rate specified.

Broadcast seeding shall not be used in any areas where the ground slope is too steep to result in a uniform stand of grass, as determined by the Contracting Officer. Hydroseeding or drill seeding shall be used in these areas.

When seed is applied by broadcast seeding, straw mulch shall be applied at the rate of at least 4,000 pounds per acre. Straw mulch shall be crimped into the ground to minimize loss of straw due to wind.

3.3.3.3 Rolling

The entire area shall be firmed with a roller not exceeding 90 pounds per foot roller width. Slopes over a maximum 3-horizontal-to-1 vertical shall not be rolled. Areas seeded with seed drills equipped with rollers shall not be rolled.

3.3.3.4 Hydroseeding

Seed shall be mixed to ensure a uniform slurry. Seed and fertilizer shall be added to water and thoroughly mixed to meet the specified seed application rate. The time period for seed to be held in the slurry shall be a maximum 24 hours. Wood cellulose fiber mulch and tackifier shall be added at rates recommended by the manufacturer after the seed, fertilizer, and water have been thoroughly mixed to produce a homogeneous slurry.

Slurry shall be uniformly applied under pressure over the entire area. The hydroseeded area shall not be rolled.

The Contractor shall apply fiber mulch at the rate of at least 2,000 pounds per acre.

3.3.3.5 Mulching

Mulching shall be performed the same day as seeding. Unless specified

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 12 otherwise mechanical anchoring of mulch shall be performed.

3.3.3.5.1 Wood Cellulose Fiber and Tackifier

Wood cellulose fiber and tackifier shall be applied as part of the hydroseeding operation and as a mulch when the seed is drill or broadcast seeded. The mulch shall be mixed with the tackifier and applied in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

3.3.3.6 Straw or Hay Mulch

All areas disturbed and fill placement shall be mulched and/or as shown on the drawings.

Prairie hay mulch shall be spread uniformly, in a continuous blanket, at the rate of 2 tons per acre. Mulch shall be spread by hand, blower-type mulch spreader or other method approved by the Contracting Officer.

Mulching shall be started on the windward side of relatively flat areas or on the upper part of a steep slope and continued uniformly until the area is covered. Mulch shall not be bunched. Seeded areas shall be mulched the same day seeding and fertilizing are completed.

Hay mulch is not required in areas to receive erosion control blankets.

Immediately following spreading, mulch shall be anchored to the soil by a V-Type-Wheel land packer, a scalloped-disk land packer designed to force mulch into the soil surface a minimum of 3 inches.

When seed is applied by hydroseeding, the seed mixture shall contain hydromulch with tackifier. Hydromulch shall be free from weeds, mold, and other deleterious materials. Hydromulch materials shall be native to the region and shall meet additional requirements as stated below.

3.3.3.7 Mechanical Anchoring

Immediately following spreading, the mulch shall be anchored to the soil by a V-type-wheel land packer, a scalloped-disk land packer designed to force mulch into the soil surface a minimum of 3 inches, or other suitable equipment.

3.3.3.8 Hydromulching

Hydromulching shall be accomplished the same as hydroseeding (3.2.2.3 Hydroseeding) but without the use of seed. Hydromulching shall use the same wood fiber material, water, producing a slurry and be applied at the same rate as hydroseeding over all seeded areas.

3.3.3.9 Watering Seed

Watering of seeded areas shall not be required.

3.4 SURFACE EROSION CONTROL

Temporary seed shall be used when directed by the Contracting Officer due to contract delays affecting the seeding operation or when a quick cover is required to prevent surface erosion. Designated areas shall be seeded at the recommended rate in accordance with temporary seed species listed under Paragraph 2.1.3, Temporary Seed Species.

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 13

3.4.1 SOIL EROSION CONTROL BLANKET

Soil erosion control blanket shall be installed in all areas with slopes steeper than 20 horizontal to 1 vertical (3H:1V), after the area has been seeded and fertilized. Soil erosion control blanket shall also be installed in all swales concentrating water leading to culverts, inlets and surfaces around culvert entrances and exits not designated to receive riprap.

Soil erosion control blanket shall be installed the same day seeding and fertilizing are completed. Where indicated or as directed, surface erosion control material shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Material shall be placed without damage to previously installed erosion control material and without distortion to finished grade.

3.5 RESTORATION AND CLEAN UP

3.5.1 Restoration

Existing turf areas, pavements, and facilities that have been damaged from the seeding operation shall be restored to original condition at the Contractor's expense.

3.5.2 Clean Up

Excess and waste material shall be removed from the seeded areas and shall be disposed offsite. Adjacent paved areas shall be cleaned.

3.6 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED AREAS

Immediately upon completion of seed application in any area, that area shall be protected against traffic or other use by erecting barricades and providing signage as required, or as directed by the Contracting Officer.

3.7 SEED ESTABLISHMENT PERIOD

3.7.1 Commencement

The seed establishment period to obtain a healthy stand of grass plants shall begin on the first day of seeding work under this contract and shall continue through the remaining life of the contract and end 12 months after the last day of the seeding operation required by this contract. Written calendar time period shall be furnished for the seed establishment period.

When there is more than 1 seed establishment period, the boundaries of the seeded area covered for each period shall be described. The seed establishment period shall be modified for inclement weather, shut down periods, or when areas of work are subject to different completion dates.

3.7.2 Satisfactory Stand of Grass Plants

Grass plants shall be evaluated for species and health when grass plants are a minimum 1 inch high. A satisfactory stand of grass for a field seeded area is defined as having a minimum of 60 grass plants per square foot. Total bare spots shall not exceed 5 percent of the total seeded area.

3.7.2.1 Lawn Area

A satisfactory stand of grass plants from the seeding operation for a lawn

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 14 area shall be a minimum 200 grass plants per square foot. Bare spots shall be a maximum 6 inches square. The total bare spots shall be a maximum 2 percent of the total seeded area.

3.7.3 Maintenance During Establishment Period

Maintenance of seeded areas shall include eradicating weeds, insects and diseases; protecting embankments, channels and ditches from surface erosion; maintaining erosion control materials and mulch; and protecting installed areas from traffic for a period of the contract length plus 12 months; mowing; watering; and post-fertilization.

3.7.3.1 Mowing

a. Lawn Areas: Lawn areas shall be mowed to a minimum 2-1/2 inch height when the turf is a maximum 4 inches high. Clippings shall be removed when the amount cut prevents sunlight from reaching the ground surface.

3.7.3.2 Post-Fertilization

The application rate shall be 1/2 pound per 1000 square feet of actual available nitrogen. The application shall be timed prior to the advent of winter dormancy and shall be made without burning the installed grass plants.

3.7.3.3 Repair

Unsatisfactory stand of grass plants and mulch shall be repaired by re-application of seed at the specified rate. Eroded areas shall be repaired in accordance with paragraph 3.2, SITE PREPARATION.

3.7.3.4 Maintenance Record

A record of each site visit shall be furnished, describing the maintenance work performed; areas repaired; and diagnosis for unsatisfactory stand of grass plants.

3.10 FINAL ACCEPTANCE

See specification SECTION 01 45 01 CONTRACTOR QUALITY CONTROL for final inspection and acceptance.

-- End of Section --

SECTION 32 92 20 Page 15

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 35 - WATERWAY AND MARINE CONSTRUCTION

35 41 00

EARTHWORK

08/99

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

1.1.1 SUMMARY OF WORK

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 Satisfactory Materials

1.2.2 Unsatisfactory Materials

1.2.3 Embankment

1.2.4 Backfill

1.2.5 Excavation

1.2.6 Classification of Soils

1.2.6.1 Cohesionless and Cohesive Materials

1.2.7 Degree of Compaction

1.3 SUBMITTALS

1.4 PRICING

1.5 GENERAL CONDITIONS

1.5.1 Lines and Grades

1.5.2 Conduct of the Work

1.5.3 Materials

1.5.4 Haul Roads

1.5.5 Access Ramp and Temporary Ring Levee

1.5.6 Stockpiling

1.5.7 Slides and Foundation Failures

1.5.8 Protection of Existing Man-Made Facilities and Natural Features

1.5.9 Drainage

1.6 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

1.7 PERMITS

1.8 PROJECT SITE CONDITIONS

1.8.1 Protection of Cultural and Natural Resources

1.8.2 Protection of Existing Man-Made Facilities and Natural Features

1.8.3 Subsurface Data

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 TYPES OF FILL MATERIALS

2.1.1 Select Fill

2.1.2 Impervious Fill

2.1.3 Topsoil

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 DEWATERING AND DIVERSION

3.2 EXCAVATION

3.2.1 Over Excavation

3.2.1.1 Outside Limits of Channel or Structures

3.2.1.2 Within Limits of Channels or Structures

SECTION 35 41 00 Page 1

3.2.2 Slopes and Surcharges

3.2.3 Borrow Areas

3.2.4 Utilities

3.2.5 Riprap and Bedding

3.3 TOLERANCES

3.4 SLIDES

3.5 STOCKPILES

3.6 SURFACE DRAINAGE OF COMPLETED AREAS

3.7 MAINTENANCE OF WORK

3.7.1 Debris Removal

3.8 DISPOSITION OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS

3.8.1 Satisfactory Materials

3.8.2 Unsatisfactory Materials

3.9 PLACEMENT AND SPREADING

3.9.1 General

3.9.1.1 Gradation and Distribution

3.9.1.2 Foundations and Partial Embankment Fills

3.9.1.3 Equipment Traffic

3.9.2 Placement on Surfaces Containing Frozen Materials

3.9.3 Impervious Fill

3.9.4 Levee Surfacing Material

3.10 MOISTURE CONTROL

3.10.1 General

3.10.2 Insufficient Moisture for Suitable Bond

3.10.3 Excessive Moisture for Suitable Bond

3.10.4 Drying Wet Material

3.10.5 Increasing Moisture in Dry Material

3.10.6 Impervious Fill

3.11 COMPACTION

3.11.1 Compaction Equipment

3.11.1.1 Tamping Rollers

3.11.1.2 Rubber-Tired Rollers

3.11.1.3 Hand Operated Compactors

3.11.1.4 Crawler-Type Tractors

3.11.1.5 Sprinkling Equipment

3.11.1.6 Miscellaneous Equipment

3.11.2 Compaction of Impervious Fill

3.11.3 Additional Rolling for Compaction

3.11.4 Topsoil

3.12 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.12.1 Excavation

3.12.2 Embankment

3.12.2.1 General

3.12.2.2 Materials Testing

3.12.2.3 Materials

3.12.2.4 Fill Placement

3.12.2.5 Grade and Cross Section

3.12.2.6 Testing by the Government

3.12.2.7 Reporting

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 35 41 00 Page 2

35 41 00

EARTHWORK

08/99

PART 1 GENERAL

This section covers earthwork requirements Areas 9, 25, and 26.

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM D 2216 (2010) Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (USACE)

EM 385-1-1 30 Nov 2014; Safety and Health Requirements Manual

1.1.1 SUMMARY OF WORK

Work covered by this section consists of furnishing all equipment, labor, materials, and incidentals as necessary to complete earthwork requirements of this project.

All work completed under this section shall comply with requirements of EM 385-1-1.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 Satisfactory Materials

Satisfactory materials shall consist of materials classified in accordance with ASTM D 2487 as CL, CH, SC, or a combination of these materials free from: roots and other organic matter; contamination from hazardous, toxic or radiological substances; trash, debris; and frozen materials. Not all satisfactory materials can be used in embankment construction. Only satisfactory materials listed above meeting the additional or modified requirements of paragraph 2.1, TYPES OF FILL MATERIALS, can be used for embankment construction.

1.2.2 Unsatisfactory Materials

Unsatisfactory materials shall not be used in any embankment or other required fill. Unsatisfactory materials include all other materials not defined above as satisfactory materials.

SECTION 35 41 00 Page 3

1.2.3 Embankment

The terms "levee" or "embankment" as used in these specifications are defined as the earth fill portions of the channel, and levee structure or other fills related to the work. These terms shall include all types of earth fill and filter materials for the channel and levee and all other fills within the limits of the channel and levee excepting stone, spalls and bedding materials used for slope protection which are described in Section 31 24 50 STONE PROTECTION.

1.2.4 Backfill

Backfill as used in this section is defined as fill material which cannot be placed around or adjacent to a structure until the structure is completed or until a specified time interval has elapsed after completion.

Fill shall also consist of soil placed in excavations resulting from demolition of structures.

1.2.5 Excavation

Excavation shall consist of removal of material to the lines and grades shown on the drawings, or as otherwise directed or approved by the Contracting Officer and as described in paragraph 3.8, EXCAVATION.

1.2.6 Classification of Soils

Materials used to construct embankments and other fills shall be classified in accordance with ASTM D 2487 (Unified Soil Classification System).

1.2.6.1 Cohesionless and Cohesive Materials

Cohesionless materials shall include materials classified in ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, SW, and SP. Cohesive materials include materials classified as GC, SC, CL, and CH. Materials classified as GM and SM will be identified as cohesionless only when the fines are nonplastic.

1.2.7 Degree of Compaction

Degree of compaction for cohesive materials shall be expressed as a percentage of the maximum dry density obtained by the test procedure presented in ASTM D 698, abbreviated hereinafter as percent laboratory maximum density.

Degree of compaction for cohesionless materials shall be expressed as a percentage of relative density in accordance with ASTM D 4253 and

ASTM D 4254.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. The following shall be submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-03 Product Data

Excavation Plan; G-DO Submit a written excavation plan not less

SECTION 35 41 00 Page 4 than 10 calendar days prior to beginning any excavation. Approval of the detailed plan shall be obtained from the Contracting Officer prior to starting the work. If necessary, the plan shall be modified as required to meet field conditions, and the modifications shall be approved prior to use. As a minimum, the plan shall contain, the following:

a. Proposed methods for preventing interference with, or damage to, existing underground or overhead utility lines, trees designated to remain and other man-made facilities or natural features designated to remain within or adjacent to the construction rights-of-way.

b. Provision for coordinating the work with other Contractors working in the construction rights-of-way or on facilities crossing or adjacent to this work.

c. Stockpiling and disposal plan for embankment materials excavated from the project site showing locations, stockpile heights, slopes, limits, drainage around the stockpile areas and final grade of disposal areas.

d. A complete listing of equipment used for excavation and to transport the excavated material.

e. The Contractor's proposed road pattern, and plan for implementing dust control measures.

Borrow material for the embankment shall be obtained from the existing excavated materials. The Government will provide an additional borrow source, see paragraph 3.2.3. Borrow Area.

Not less than ten (10) calendar days prior to commencement of haul road construction or placing embankment and backfill, which ever is earlier, the contractor shall submit for approval a Plan of Operations for accomplishing all excavation, embankment and backfill construction and for the location and construction of any haul roads. This plan shall include but not be limited to the Contractor's proposed sequence of construction for excavation, embankment and backfill items, and methods and types of equipment to be utilized for all excavation, embankment and backfill operations, including transporting, placing, and compaction. This plan shall also include the names and addresses of the commercial testing labs which will perform soil testing and inspection and describe all required soil testing to be performed.

Nuclear Density; G-DO

Nuclear density testing equipment shall be used in accordance with ASTM 6938. In addition, the following condition shall apply:

a. Prior to using the nuclear density testing equipment on the site, the Contractor shall submit to the Contracting Officer a certification that the operator has completed a training course approved by the nuclear density testing equipment manufacturer, the most recent data sheet from the manufacturer's calibration, and a copy of the most recent statistical check of the standard

SECTION 35 41 00 Page 5 count precision. Calibration test results shall clearly indicate testing equipment proposed for use on this project has been calibrated within 6 months of the date the equipment will be used on site.

b. Nuclear density testing equipment shall be capable of extending a probe into a hole a minimum depth of 6 inches.

SD-06 Test Reports

Measurement of Fill Material; G-AO

Submit a copy of the records of each compliance survey the next work day following completion of the survey.

1.4 PRICING

Reference Section 01 22 00.00 10, MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT.

1.5 GENERAL CONDITIONS

1.5.1 Lines and Grades

The embankment and backfill shall be constructed to the lines, grades, and cross sections indicated on the drawings, unless otherwise directed by the Contracting Officer. The Government reserves the right to increase or decrease the foundation widths and excavation and embankment slopes or to make such other changes in the excavation and embankment or backfill sections as may be deemed necessary to produce a safe structure. Changes in quantities resulting from such revisions will not constitute justification for change in contract unit prices, except as provided for in the Variations in Estimated Quantities Clause. The end slopes and side slopes of partial fill sections shall not be steeper than one vertical on three horizontal, unless otherwise shown on the drawings.

The Contractor shall perform as-built surveys to ensure the completed work complies with contract requirements.

1.5.2 Conduct of the Work

The Contractor shall maintain and protect the embankment and backfill in a satisfactory condition at all times until final completion and acceptance of all work under the Contract. If, in the opinion of the Contracting Officer, hauling equipment causes horizontal shear planes or slicken sides, rutting, heaving (pumping), cracking, or excessive deformation of the embankment or backfill, the Contractor shall limit the type, load, or travel speed of the hauling equipment on the embankment or backfill. The Contractor may be required to remove, at his own expense, any embankment material placed outside of prescribed slope lines. Any approved embankment or backfill material which is lost in transit or rendered unsuitable after being placed in the embankment or backfill and before final acceptance of the work shall be replaced by the Contractor in a satisfactory manner and no additional payment will be made therefor. The Contractor shall excavate and remove from the embankment or backfill any material which is unsatisfactory and shall also dispose of such material and refill the excavated area as directed, all at no cost to the Government.

SECTION 35 41 00 Page 6

1.5.3 Materials

Materials obtained from required excavation which meet or which can be processed to meet the requirements for each embankment material, or any other material required for this project, as specified herein, may be utilized in the embankment or as backfill. All roots, limbs, and wood fragments shall be removed from embankment materials. Materials containing sod, other organic or perishable material, trash, debris, and frozen materials shall not be used in the embankment.

1.5.4 Haul Roads

Haul roads shall be located and constructed as shown on the drawings, subject to approval by the Contracting Officer. Haul roads shall be constructed to maintain the intended traffic, be free draining, and be maintained in good condition throughout the contract period. aul roads constructed during the contract duration shall be removed after work is completed and the impacted area restored to its pre-construction condition.

All haul roads within the right-of-way that will remain as public or private thoroughfares after construction shall be cleaned daily and maintained in their pre-construction condition. The Contractor shall restore maintenance roads by re-establishing pre-construction grades and elevations and replacement of gravel surfacing material or seeding and mulching. All costs associated with these haul roads shall be considered as a subsidiary obligation of the Contractor. Haul road maintenance shall include adequate dust control to be performed by the Contractor. Method and frequency of dust control shall be as approved by the Contracting Officer.

1.5.5 Access Ramp and Temporary Ring Levee

Access ramps for access shall be constructed at locations shown on the drawings by placement of fill as specified in paragraph 3.11, PLACEMENT AND SPREADING. Ramps shall be constructed only by adding material to the slopes. Temporary ring levee shall be constructed at locations show on the drawings and with approval of COR. The temporary ring levee shall have a 6' wide crest and 1V on 3H side slopes, and to a crest elevation as indicated on the drawintgs. The temporary ring levee and access ramps shall be removed after construction and the areas restored to original lines and grades.

1.5.6 Stockpiling

Stockpile areas available to the Contractor shall be coordinated with the Contractoring Officer's Representative. In general, staging on the project right-of-way is not allowed, the Contractor shall make arrangements for a staging area. Stockpiling within the project existing right-of-way is allowed but shall be coordinated with the COR.

1.5.7 Slides and Foundation Failures

When sliding occurs in any part of the channel, embankment and backfills prescribed in this section after they have been placed, but prior to final acceptance of all work under the contract, the Contractor shall repair the slide as directed by the Contracting Officer. When the slide is caused through the fault of the Contractor, the repair shall be made at no cost to the Government. When the slide is not the fault of the Contractor, an equitable adjustment in the contract price shall be made pursuant to the

SECTION 35 41 00 Page 7

Contract Clause CHANGES to cover the cost of the repairs.

1.5.8 Protection of Existing Man-Made Facilities and Natural Features

Embankment construction shall be conducted in such a manner as to avoid damage to trees designated to remain and trees outside the embankment areas, existing buildings, man-made facilities and natural features, with due regard to the safety of employees and others, and in compliance with

EM 385-1-1.

1.5.9 Drainage

The Contractor shall not block or restrict the flow in a natural drain, existing culvert, ditch or channel, at any time without obtaining prior written approval from the Contracting Officer. This approval shall not relieve the Contractor from responsibility for any damage caused by his operation. The Contractor shall monitor flow conditions and provide sufficient free discharge areas so that conditions are not worsened upstream or downstream by possible floods during construction. Surface water shall be directed away from excavations and construction sites so as to prevent erosion and undermining of foundations. Diversion pipes, ditches, dikes, and grading shall be provided and maintained as necessary during construction. Excavated slopes and backfill surfaces shall be protected to prevent erosion and sloughing. Excavation shall be performed so that the site and the area immediately surrounding the site and affecting operations at the site shall be continually and effectively drained.

1.6 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

The regulatory requirements listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced.

1.7 PERMITS

In accordance with Contract Clause PERMITS AND RESPONSIBILITIES, the Contractor shall obtain all necessary permits required for disposal, hauling, erosion control, and pay all fees associated with permitting and compliance. In addition, the Government has obtained permits for storm water discharge, as specified in specification section 01 57 23, TEMPORARY STORM WATER POLLUTION CONTROL. The Contractor shall comply with terms of these permits and with requirements of specification section 01 57 20.00 10, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, and requirements in this section.

1.8 PROJECT SITE CONDITIONS

1.8.1 Protection of Cultural and Natural Resources

All work and Contractor operations shall comply with requirements of Section 01 57 20.00 10, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION and with requirements of this section.

1.8.2 Protection of Existing Man-Made Facilities and Natural Features

Trees within the clearing area shall be felled in such a manner as to avoid damage to trees left standing and trees outside the clearing area, existing buildings, man-made facilities and natural features, with due regard to the safety of employees and others, and in compliance with EM 385-1-1.

SECTION 35 41 00 Page 8

Excavation shall be conducted in such a manner as to avoid damage to trees designated to remain and trees outside the clearing and excavation area;

existing buildings; man-made facilities and natural features; with due regard to the safety of employees and others, and in compliance with EM 385-1-1. Existing utility lines that are shown on the drawings or the locations of which are made known to the Contractor prior to excavation and that are to be retained shall be protected from damage during excavation.

When utility lines that are to be removed are encountered within the area of operations, the Contractor shall notify the applicable utility companies in sufficient time for measures to be taken to prevent interruption of the services.

1.8.3 Subsurface Data

Soil borings and Multi-electrode Electrical Resistivity lines were performed and the information is available on request from the USACE Omaha District Engineering Division.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 TYPES OF FILL MATERIALS

2.1.1 Select Fill

Select fill embankment material shall be obtained from required excavation and the borrow source . Select fill material shall consist of satisfactory materials meeting requirements of paragraph 1.2.1, Satisfactory Materials.

2.1.2 Impervious Fill

This material shall consist of satisfactory impervious material classified as fat clay (CH), lean clay (CL), or sandy clay (SC) when classified in accordance with ASTM D 2487. Sandy clay (SC) material shall contain a minimum of 30% clay material (passing the No. 200 sieve) when tested according to ASTM D 422.

2.1.3 Topsoil

Topsoil shall meet requirements of Section 32 92 20, SEEDING.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 DEWATERING AND DIVERSION

The Contractor shall develop an Emergency Action Plan as part of the…