W91247-19-R-90001,_TE_6-_Ft_Bragg_Integrated_Solid_Waste_Management_Plan.pdf

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT PLAN (ISWMP)

Fort Bragg, NC

Prepared for:

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Tulsa District Tulsa, Oklahoma

October 2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Section 1 Purpose and Objectives .......................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Purpose............................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Objectives .......................................................................................... 1-1

1.3 Fort Bragg Solid Waste Management Goals ..................................... 1-2

1.4 Plan Review and Amendment............................................................ 1-3

Section 2 Applicable Regulations and References................................................................ 2-1

2.1 Federal Regulations ........................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Department Of Defense Requirements .............................................. 2-4

2.3 Army Regulations and Policies.......................................................... 2-5

2.4 State Regulations ............................................................................... 2-7

2.5 Fort Bragg Regulations and Policies ................................................. 2-8

2.6 International Organization for Standardization 14000 ...................... 2-8

Section 3 Background .............................................................................................................. 3-1

Section 4 Responsibilities ....................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Garrison Commander......................................................................... 4-1

4.2 All Directors ...................................................................................... 4-1

4.2.1 Director of Public Works ....................................................... 4-2

4.2.2 Director of Resource Management ........................................ 4-3

4.2.3 Director of Family and Morale, Welfare and Recreation ...... 4-3

4.2.4 Director of Logistics .............................................................. 4-4

4.2.5 Director of Contracting.......................................................... 4-4

4.3 Contracting Officer’s Representative ................................................ 4-5

4.4 Chief, Environmental Division .......................................................... 4-6

4.4.1 Solid Waste Program Manager .............................................. 4-7

4.4.2 Qualified Recycling Program Manager ................................. 4-8

4.4.3 Sustainability Planners........................................................... 4-9

4.4.4 Landfill Manager ................................................................. 4-10

4.4.5 Landfill Personnel................................................................ 4-10

4.4.6 Materials Handlers ............................................................... 4-10

4.4.7 Qualified Recycling Program Material Handlers ................ 4-10

4.5 Solid Waste Team............................................................................ 4-10 ii

4.6 Installation Safety Manager ............................................................. 4-11

4.7 Sustainability Management Council ................................................ 4-11

4.8 Qualified Recycling Program Committee........................................ 4-11

4.9 Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office ................................... 4-12

4.10 Defense Finance and Accounting Service ....................................... 4-12

4.11 All Installation Organizations, Units, and Tenant Activities........... 4-13

4.12 Environmental Compliance Officers and Environmental

Compliance Assistants ..................................................................... 4-13

4.13 Solid Waste Contractors .................................................................. 4-14

4.14 Construction Contractors ................................................................. 4-14

Section 5 Generation and Disposal of Solid Waste ............................................................... 5-1

5.1 Residential Solid Waste ..................................................................... 5-1

5.2 Garrison Solid Waste ......................................................................... 5-3

5.2.1 Office-Type Waste................................................................. 5-3

5.2.2 Wet Waste.............................................................................. 5-4

5.2.3 Industrial-Type Wastes .......................................................... 5-4

5.2.4 Special Wastes / Prohibited Items ......................................... 5-5

5.2.5 Waste Collection Containers ................................................. 5-6

5.3 Range Training Trash ...................................................................... 5-10

5.4 Yard Waste....................................................................................... 5-10

5.5 Construction and Demolition Debris ............................................... 5-11

5.6 Unauthorized Dumpsites.................................................................. 5-13

5.7 Waste Generation and Diversion ..................................................... 5-13

Section 6 Solid Waste Management Facilities........................................................................ 6-1

6.1 Lamont Road Landfill Facility .......................................................... 6-1

6.1.1 Scale House and Load Inspections ........................................ 6-1

6.1.2 Landfill Wastes Received ...................................................... 6-1

6.1.3 Recyclable Collection Areas.................................................. 6-2

6.1.4 Waste Transfer Station........................................................... 6-2

6.1.5 Operational Personnel............................................................ 6-3

6.2 Fort Bragg Recycling Facility............................................................ 6-4

6.3 Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office ..................................... 6-6

6.4 Samson County Regional Landfill..................................................... 6-6

6.5 Central Carolina Tire and Disposal ................................................... 6-7 iii

Section 7 Source Reduction .................................................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Green Procurement ............................................................................ 7-1

7.1.1 Overview................................................................................ 7-1

7.1.2 Mandates ................................................................................ 7-2

7.1.3 Fort Bragg Green Procurement Program ............................... 7-2

7.2 Pollution Prevention .......................................................................... 7-3

7.3 Reuse.................................................................................................. 7-3

7.3.1 Hazardous Materials Free Issue............................................. 7-3

7.3.2 Battery Management Program ............................................... 7-4

7.3.3 Wood Pallets .......................................................................... 7-4

7.3.4 Concrete ................................................................................. 7-4

7.3.5 Soil Reuse .............................................................................. 7-5

7.3.6 Tree and Yard Waste ............................................................. 7-5

7.3.7 Self Service Supply Center Paint Program............................ 7-5

7.3.8 Solvent Distillation ................................................................ 7-5

7.3.9 Petroleum, Oil and Lubricant-Contaminated Rags and

Pads ........................................................................................ 7-6

7.3.10 Petroleum, Oil and Lubricant-Contaminated Soil ................. 7-6

7.3.11 Non-Mil Spec JP8.................................................................. 7-6

7.3.12 Building Materials ................................................................. 7-7

7.3.13 Towels and Linens ................................................................. 7-7

7.3.14 Kitchen Grease and Other Waste........................................... 7-7

7.3.15 Shopping Bags ....................................................................... 7-7

7.4 Management Practices ....................................................................... 7-8

Section 8 Installation Recycling Program .............................................................................. 8-1

8.1 Program Status ................................................................................... 8-1

8.2 Regulations, Policies, and Procedures ............................................... 8-1

8.3 Program Structure .............................................................................. 8-1

8.4 Recycled Materials ............................................................................ 8-2

8.5 Segregation, Storage, and Collection Procedures.............................. 8-3

8.5.1 Cardboard............................................................................... 8-4

8.5.2 Office Paper ........................................................................... 8-4

8.5.3 Magazines and Newspaper .................................................... 8-5

8.5.4 Metals..................................................................................... 8-6

8.5.5 Firing Range Scrap ................................................................ 8-6 iv

8.5.6 Housing Curbside Recyclable Collection .............................. 8-7

8.6 Facilities, Equipment, and Personnel................................................. 8-7

8.7 Publicity and Promotion .................................................................... 8-8

8.8 Relationship with Local Recycling Programs ................................... 8-8

8.9 Market Research ................................................................................ 8-8

8.10 Funding and Financial Accountability............................................... 8-9

8.11 Recordkeeping ................................................................................. 8-10

Section 9 Composting .............................................................................................................. 9-1

Section 10 Program Promotion and Training......................................................................... 10-1

10.1 Promotional Tools............................................................................ 10-1

10.2 Public Awareness............................................................................. 10-2

10.3 Promotional Strategies by Program Area ........................................ 10-2

10.3.1 Source Reduction................................................................. 10-2

10.3.2 Green Procurement .............................................................. 10-3

10.3.3 Recycling ............................................................................. 10-3

10.4 Training............................................................................................ 10-4

10.4.1 General Training .................................................................. 10-4

10.4.2 Job-Specific Training........................................................... 10-5

10.4.3 Training Sources .................................................................. 10-6

Section 11 Recordkeeping and Reporting.............................................................................. 11-1

11.1 Solid Waste Annual Reporting System............................................ 11-1

11.2 Refuse Collection and Recycling Reporting.................................... 11-2

11.3 Construction and Demolition Resource Recovery Reporting.......... 11-3

11.4 Green Procurement Reporting ......................................................... 11-3

Section 12 Factors Affecting Solid Waste Decision-Making................................................. 12-1

12.1 Limitations of Current Disposal Capacities..................................... 12-1

12.2 Potential for Future Facilities .......................................................... 12-1

12.3 Mission............................................................................................. 12-1

12.4 Size and Population ......................................................................... 12-2

12.5 Community Relations ...................................................................... 12-2

12.6 Regulatory Requirements ................................................................ 12-3 v

12.7 C&D Landfill Lifecycle Costs ......................................................... 12-3

12.8 Municipal Solid Waste Costs........................................................... 12-4

12.8.1 Fort Bragg Garrison and Range Activities Municipal

Solid Waste Collection ........................................................ 12-5

12.8.2 Picerne Military Housing Refuse Collection and

Recycling ............................................................................. 12-6

12.8.3 Pope Air Force Base Refuse Collection .............................. 12-7

12.8.4 Waste Transfer Station Operations ...................................... 12-7

12.8.5 Municipal Solid Waste Disposal.......................................... 12-8

12.8.6 Total Cost Associated with Collection and Disposal of

Solid Waste .......................................................................... 12-9

12.9 Legal Factors.................................................................................. 12-10

Section 13 Contingency Planning ........................................................................................... 13-1

13.1 Additional Landfills ......................................................................... 13-1

13.2 Solid Waste Management Regulatory Contacts .............................. 13-1

Section 14 Solid Waste Management Action Items ............................................................... 14-1

14.1 Opportunity Assessments ................................................................ 14-1

14.2 Solid Waste Action Plan .................................................................. 14-3 vi

TABLES

Table 3-1 Current Population Data........................................................................................ 3-1 Table 3-2 BRAC Anticipated Population Changes ............................................................... 3-2 Table 5-1 Prohibited Items .................................................................................................... 5-5 Table 5-2 Solid Waste Collection Containers........................................................................ 5-7 Table 5-3 Waste Generation and Diversion Rates............................................................... 5-14 Table 5-4 Waste Diversion by Waste Types........................................................................ 5-15 Table 8-1 Recycled Materials and Recycling Mechanisms................................................... 8-2 Table 8-2 Cardboard Recycling Locations ............................................................................ 8-4 Table 8-3 Magazine and Newspaper Containers ................................................................... 8-5 Table 12-1 MSW Collection Costs ...................................................................................... 12-6 Table 12-2 WTS Operation Costs........................................................................................ 12-8 Table 12-3 Disposal Costs ................................................................................................... 12-9 Table 12-4 Total Cost for Solid Waste Operations............................................................ 12-10 Table 13-1 List of Federal and State Solid Waste Management Offices............................. 13-1 Table 14-1 Solid Waste Team Action Plan.......................................................................... 14-4

APPENDICES

Appendix A QRP Charter Appendix B Collection Schedule for Cantonment Areas Appendix C Lamont Road Landfill Facility Operation Plan Appendix D Cardboard and Office Paper Recycling Locations Appendix E Contractor Solid Waste Training CD Appendix F Soldier Solid Waste Training CD Appendix G Promotional and Educational Brochures Appendix H Solid Waste Annual Reports Appendix I Solid Waste Opportunity Assessment Updates Appendix J Solid Waste Opportunity Assessments vii

ACRONYMS

AAFES Army and Air Force Exchange Service ACM Asbestos-Containing Material ACSIM Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management AEDA Ammunition, Explosives, and Dangerous Articles AFB Air Force Base ALMC Army Logistics Management College AR Army Regulation ASP Ammunition Supply Point AST Aboveground Storage Tank BRAC Base Realignment and Closing C&D Construction and Demolition CAA Clean Air Act CAT Compliance Assessment and Training CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations COR Contracting Officer’s Representative CPG Comprehensive Procurement Guideline CWA Clean Water Act CY Calendar Year DA Department of the Army DD Form Department of Defense Form DeCA Defense Commissary Agency DENIX Defense Environmental Network Information and Exchange DFAS Defense Finance and Accounting Service DFMWR Directorate of Family and Morale, Welfare, and Recreation DLA Defense Logistics Agency DOC Directorate of Contracting DOD Department of Defense DODI DOD Instruction DOIM Directorate of Information Management DOL Directorate of Logistics DPW Directorate of Public Works DRM Directorate of Resource Management DRMO Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office DRMS Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service viii

EA Environmental Assessment ECA Environmental Compliance Assisstant ECB Environmental Compliance Branch ECO Environmental Compliance Officer ED Environmental Division EMB Environmental Management Branch EMS Environmental Management System EO Executive Order EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPCRA Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act EPEAT Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool EPP Environmentally Preferable Purchasing FAR Federal Acquisition Regulation FB XVIII Airborne Corps and Fort Bragg Regulation FORSCOM Forces Command FSRIA Farm Security and Rural Investment Act ft Feet FY Fiscal Year GC Garrison Commander GOCO Government Owned, Contractor Operated GPP Green Procurement Program GSA General Services Administration HAZWOPER Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response HHW Household Hazardous Waste HMCC Hazardous Material Control Center HQ Headquarters HW Hazardous Waste IDG Installation Design Guide IMCOM Installation Management Command ISO International Organization for Standardization ISWMP Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan JP8 Jet Fuel JSEM Joint Services Environmental Management Conference lb Pound LCM Lamps Containing Mercury LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design LiSO2 Lithium Sulfur Dioxide ix

LOA Letter of Agreement LUC Landfill Usage Code MILCON Military Construction MIPR Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request MOGAS Motor Gasoline MOI Memorandum of Instruction MoM Measure of Merit MRE Meal Ready-to-Eat MRIP Munitions Rule Implementation Plan MSW Municipal Solid Waste MWR Morale, Welfare and Recreation NBC Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical NCAC North Carolina Administrative Code NCDENR North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources NCGS North Carolina General Statues NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NiCd Nickel Cadmium NiMH Nickel Metal Hydride OMD Operations and Maintenance Division OSJA Office of the Staff Judge Advocate P2 Pollution Prevention PAO Public Affairs Office Pb Lead PL Public Law POC Point of Contact POL Petroleum, Oils and Lubricants PPA Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 PX Post Exchange QA Quality Assurance QASAS Quality Assurance Specialist, Ammunition Surveillance QRP Qualified Recycling Program RCI Residential Communities Initiative RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act SAS Satellite Accumulation Site SMC Sustainability Management Council SOP Standard Operating Procedure SSSC Self Service Supply Center x

SWANA Solid Waste Association of North America SWAR Solid Waste Annual Report SWARweb Solid Waste Annual Report, Web-based system UFGS Unified Facilities Guide Specifications USACHPPM U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine USARC US Army Reserve Command USC U.S. Code USDA United States Department of Agriculture UW Universal Waste WAMC Womack Army Medical Center WASTECON SWANA Annual Waste Conference WTS Waste Transfer Station yd3 Cubic Yard

SECTIONONE Purpose and Objectives

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Section 1 ONE Purpose and Objectives

As a United States Army Facility, Fort Bragg’s solid waste program is guided by several overlapping layers of federal, Department of Defense (DOD), U.S. Army, and State of North Carolina laws, regulations, and guidelines. Fort Bragg has developed a comprehensive integrated solid waste management plan (ISWMP) to address these laws, regulations, and guidelines as well as to meet established solid waste goals. Fort Bragg has made significant contributions towards waste minimization, or source reduction, and recycling through these integrated programs and a commitment to enhance the management of integrated waste streams.

Executive Order (EO) 13423 (Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation Management, signed 24 January 2007), Army Regulation (AR) 420-1 (Facilities Engineering, Army Facilities Management, effective 12 February 2008), and Department of Defense Instruction (DODI) 4715.4 (Pollution Prevention, issued 18 June 1996), which together initiated the preparation of this document, require that this integrated program be reviewed periodically in order to evaluate progress made toward attaining established goals for waste prevention, recycling, and green procurement.

1.1 PURPOSE

This document serves four principal purposes:

• Define and document the installation's current solid waste management program;

• Set forth goals, targets, and objectives for improving solid waste management through the practices of source reduction, recycling and green procurement;

• Specify the strategies and responsibilities for achieving those goals; and

• Meet the Army requirement to develop an ISWMP.

1.2 OBJECTIVES

The objectives of the ISWMP include the following:

• Effectively manage solid waste in a manner that protects human health and the environment;

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• Comply with applicable federal, state, local, and Army solid waste management regulations;

• Reduce the volume of solid waste generated to meet or surpass state, DOD, and Army waste reduction goals;

• Reuse or recycle elements of the solid waste stream to the maximum extent possible; and

• Integrate elements of the installation Green Procurement Plan affecting waste generation rates.

1.3 FORT BRAGG SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT GOALS

Strategic Garrison Goal #1 is to achieve a Sustainable Community. Each member of the installation community has responsibility for reaching this goal. Various levels of leadership, advocates, and subject matter experts who work independently and/or in conjunction with other levels are crucial to the creation of a sustainable installation. Their support is essential to implementation of Fort Bragg’s vision of the Army’s triple bottom line of Mission…Environment…Community. Members of the Sustainable Community strategic goal, objective and initiative teams are responsible for leading the way in initiating and establishing procedures and guidelines to sustain the Fort Bragg mission, community and environment. No one person in or associated with the Sustainable Community goal can accomplish this alone. Every aspect, process and concept is intricately woven in to the installation’s mission, the community and the natural environment. It is the team aspect of Sustainable Community – the innate ability to work together as a cohesive group towards one audacious goal – that has allowed Fort Bragg to continue to lead the way in Army sustainability. The following goals have been developed for the solid waste management program and the sustainability initiative relating to solid waste issues:

1. Continually reduce the volume of solid waste generated at Fort Bragg.

2. Continually increase the quantity of solid waste reused and recycled.

3. Maintain compliance with pertinent solid waste regulations and the requirements of this ISWMP.

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4. Achieve 50 percent waste diversion for construction and demolition (C&D) waste by 2010.

5. Achieve 40 percent diversion for non-hazardous solid waste without C&D waste by 2010.

6. Achieve zero waste through acquisition and management of materials and commodities which throughout their lifecycle creates no additional waste nor requires resources for disposal by 2025.

7. Work toward having all commodities disposed by the installation being diverted, reused, or recycled.

1.4 PLAN REVIEW AND AMENDMENT

This ISWMP and the solid waste management program will be periodically reviewed to evaluate their effectiveness and relevance. The Solid Waste Program Manager has primary responsibility for ensuring that the ISWMP is updated when changes to the management of solid waste occur. In accordance with AR 420-1, Section 23-11.a., the plan will be reviewed every five years or when significant changes occur in the installation mission or infrastructure. Examples of conditions that would warrant reevaluations of the plan are:

• Regulatory changes;

• Changes in the types or quantities of wastes generated;

• Reductions in the waste stream due to successful minimization/recycling programs;

• Changes in the availability of regional disposal facilities; and

• New or amended contracts that affect solid waste management.

SECTIONTWO Applicable Regulations and References

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Section 2 TWO Applicable Regulations and References

Army policy, as stated in AR 200-1, requires compliance with legally applicable federal, state, and local requirements, both substantive and procedural, for managing solid waste, including generation, collection, storage, and disposal. Therefore, the following applicable citations and regulatory excerpts can be considered part of Fort Bragg’s solid waste policies and goals and are the regulatory drivers for Fort Bragg’s ISWMP.

2.1 FEDERAL REGULATIONS

The Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965, as amended

This act requires that federal facilities comply with all federal, state, interstate, and local requirements concerning the disposal and management of solid wastes. These requirements include permitting, licensing, and reporting.

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976

This is the federal law that governs the disposal of solid waste. Subtitle D of this act, as last amended in November 1984, Public Law (PL) 98-616, 42 U.S. Code (USC) 6941-6949a, establishes federal standards and requirements for state and regional authorities for solid waste disposal. The act introduced and encouraged the practices of waste minimization through source reduction, use of recovered materials (a component of green procurement), recycling, and conversion of waste to energy. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Section 6002 specifically requires the federal government to promote standards and practices for the procurement of recycled and recovered materials.

The objectives of Subtitle D are to assist in developing and encouraging methods for the disposal of solid waste, which are environmentally sound and maximize the utilization of valuable resources recoverable from solid waste. The objectives are to be achieved through federal technical and financial assistance to states and regional authorities for comprehensive planning (42 USC 6941). This act was codified in Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Parts 240-272. Pertinent sections are listed below:

• Part 241: Guidelines for Land Disposal of Solid Wastes – contains guidance applicable to solid waste land disposal facilities.

• Part 243: Guidelines for the Storage and Collection of Residential, Commercial, and Institutional Solid Waste - establishes requirements and recommended practices for the storage, collection and management of solid

2-2 waste, and for the operation of vehicles used in the collection, transport, and handling of waste.

• Part 246: Source Separation for Materials Recovery Guidelines - contains recycling requirements for the recovery of paper, corrugated containers, and other consumer goods.

• Part 247: Comprehensive Procurement Guideline for Products Containing Recovered Materials - contains guidance regarding "buy recycled" practices that will stimulate the recovered materials market.

• Part 257: Criteria for Classification of Solid Waste Disposal Facilities and Practices – contains criteria for determining whether disposal facilities meet minimum standards to protect human health and the environment.

• Part 261: Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste - contains the RCRA definition of a solid waste and lists the criteria for characterization as a hazardous waste.

Pollution Prevention Act of 1990, PL 101-508, 5 November 1990

The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA) established a national policy to prevent or reduce waste generation through source reduction, reuse, recycling, and treatment. It introduced the pollution prevention (P2) hierarchy of waste management options that is the cornerstone of integrated solid waste management.

Federal Facilities Compliance Act, PL 102-386, 6 October 1992

This Act required federal facilities to comply with substantive and procedural requirements of federal, state, and local solid and hazardous waste regulations. It waived the immunity previously held by federal facilities.

10 USC 2577, Disposal of Recyclable Materials

This regulation contains requirements for the distribution of proceeds generated from installation recycling programs.

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Military Construction Codification Act of 1982, PL 97-214

This Act was the basis for the regulation 10 USC 2577 and contains a provision allowing net proceeds generated from the sale of Qualified Recycling Program (QRP) recyclables to be used by installations for certain purposes.

Public Law 152, The Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended, Sections 203 and 204 (40 U.S.C. 484 and 485)

This act is a United States federal law that established the General Services Administration (GSA). The act includes property management and procurement requirements.

Executive Orders

EO 13423, Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation Management, 24 January 2007. This EO requires federal agencies to increase solid waste diversion and to maintain cost-effective waste prevention and recycling programs. The implementing instruction for this order requires federal agencies to strive to meet the national 35 percent recycling goal established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). EO 13423 strengthens green procurement by requiring federal agencies to expand purchases of environmentally-sound goods and services, including biobased products. The EO requires federal agencies to follow certain guidelines when purchasing electronics and to reuse, donate, sell, or recycle 100 percent of electronic products using environmentally sound management practices. This EO revokes EO 13101, September 14, 1998; EO 13123, June 3, 1999; EO 13134, August 12, 1999; EO 13148, April 21, 2000; and EO 13149, April 21, 2000

Other Acts

In addition to the items discussed above, other Acts of Congress also contain P2 incentives, although their primary focus is not solid waste management. The following laws each have a P2 component that could potentially impact solid waste management at Fort Bragg:

• Clean Air Act (CAA);

• Clean Water Act (CWA);

• Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA); and

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• Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA).

2.2 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE REQUIREMENTS

DODI 4715.4, Pollution Prevention, 18 June 1996.

This instruction implements policy, assigns responsibilities, and prescribes procedures for implementation of P2 programs throughout DOD. It establishes a requirement for installation QRPs, calls for affirmative (green) procurement, and authorizes direct sales of recyclables. In this DODI, the Navy has been designated the Executive Agent for ozone depleting substances. It is specifically stated that this DODI is applicable to government owned, contractor operated (GOCO) facilities and facilities supported by appropriated and non-appropriated funds.

DODI 7310.1, Disposition of Proceeds from DOD Sales of Surplus Personal Property, 10 July 1989.

This instruction provides revised and expanded instructions on the collection and disposition of cash and cash equivalents received by the DOD Components for the DOD sale of surplus personal property. The DODI applies to recyclable material governed by 10 USC 2577.

Memorandum, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense, 15 May 1998, subject: Recycling of Firing Range Scrap Consisting of Expended Brass and Mixed Metals Gleaned from Firing Range Clearance through Qualified Recycling Programs.

This defines policy for ammunition, explosives, and dangerous articles (AEDA) collected from firing ranges when installations directly sell the metals. Metals must be certified safe before being processed by QRPs, and QRP personnel must be trained to recognize and segregate AEDA.

Assistant Deputy Undersecretary of Defense (Environment, Safety, and Environmental Health), 12 October 2004, subject: Revised Pollution Prevention and Compliance Metrics.

This memorandum supersedes the 1998 DOD Measure of Merit (MoM), which required DOD facilities to ensure the diversion rate for non-hazardous solid waste was greater than 40 percent by the end of fiscal year (FY) 05. The revised metric requires DOD facilities to establish a cost-effective solid waste management program that reduces solid waste generation, increases diversion rates, and optimizes cost avoidance. Diversion rates for C&D wastes are measured separately from other non-hazardous solid waste division rates.

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Undersecretary of Defense Memorandum, 27 August 2004, subject: Establishment of the DOD Green Procurement Program.

This policy requires installations to implement their own Green Procurement Plan and program to provide metrics to achieve the DOD Green Procurement goals.

Undersecretary of Defense Memorandum, 1 February 2008, subject: DOD Integrated (Non- Hazardous) Solid Waste Management Policy.

This policy implements the solid waste and recycling requirements of EO 13423 by requiring all facilities to maintain waste prevention and recycling programs in the most cost-effective manner possible and setting solid waste diversion goals to be achieved by 2010 for the DOD.

DOD component installations are required to implement integrated solid waste management to achieve these goals. The diversion goal for non-hazardous solid waste without C&D waste is 40 percent by 2010. The goal for C&D waste is 50 percent by 2010.

2.3 ARMY REGULATIONS AND POLICIES

AR 200-1, Environmental Protection and Enhancement, 13 December 2007.

This AR provides an overview of environmental programs and requirements. It supplements federal, state, and local laws for preserving, protecting, and restoring quality of the environment. It applies to Active Army, Army National Guard, Army Reserve, and civil works activities that are under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. It also applies to tenants, such as other federal agencies, contractor activities, and lessees performing activities in direct support of the Army located on real property under the Department of the Army (DA) jurisdiction. Section 10-2, Solid Waste, provides guidance for solid waste management and major program requirements.

AR 420-1, Facilities Engineering, Army Facilities Management, 12 February 2008.

This regulation covers responsibilities regarding solid and hazardous waste, collection and storage of solid and hazardous waste, thermal processing and land disposal of solid (non-hazardous) waste, and monitoring records. It calls for the implementation of integrated solid waste management, development of the ISWMP, source reduction to reduce the waste stream, and implementation of a QRP.

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Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management (ACSIM) Memorandum, 6 February 2006, subject: Sustainable Management of Waste in Military Construction, Renovation, and Demolition Activities.

This memorandum requires all military construction, renovation, and demolition projects to divert a minimum of 50 percent of C&D waste by weight from landfill disposal and requires that contract specifications will include submission of a contractor’s C&D Waste Management Plan. In addition, this memorandum states that installations will achieve the silver level using the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system for new construction and major renovation projects.

DA Memorandum, 22 November 2006, subject: Establishment of the Army Green Procurement Program.

This policy requires all Army organizations involved with contracting/procurement actions or credit card purchases to comply with federal Green Procurement requirements.

Green Procurement Guide, August 2006.

The U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (USACHPPM) prepared this guide for the Deputy Secretary of the Army (Policy and Procurement) and the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army (Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health).

This guide provides detailed instruction on implementing a green procurement program at an Army installation.

DA Memorandum, 11 July 2008, subject: Achieving the Goals of the DOD Integrated (Non- Hazardous) Solid Waste Management Policy.

This policy requires Army organizations to implement the requirements listed in the DOD memorandum of 1 February 2008 regarding the DOD Integrated (Non-Hazardous) Solid Waste Management Policy, which is described in Section 2.2 above.

Unified Facilities Guide Specification (UFGS), UFGS-015720, Environmental Protection, April

This specification provides general requirements for solid waste handling, storage, and disposal. Also included are specifications for maintaining and submitting a Non-Hazardous Solid Waste Diversion Report.

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UFGS-024100, Demolition and Deconstruction, October 2006

This specification provides requirements for demolition, deconstruction, dismantling, reconditioning and disposal of existing building materials, equipment and utilities as a part of new construction or renovation work.

UFGS-017419, Construction and Demolition Waste Management, January 2007

This specification covers the requirements for the management of non-hazardous C&D waste materials to include details on the contents of a waste management plan, recordkeeping and reporting, and methods of waste management.

2.4 STATE REGULATIONS

Solid waste management is regulated by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR). Management requirements are found in the North Carolina General Statues (NCGS) and in the North Carolina Administrative Code (NCAC).

NCGS Article 9, Solid Waste Management, authorizes and directs NCDENR to engage in research, conduct investigations and surveys, make inspections, and establish a statewide solid waste management program. In establishing a program, NCDENR has authority to develop a comprehensive program for implementation of safe and sanitary practices for management of solid waste and to develop a permit system governing the establishment and operation of solid waste management facilities. The following sections are applicable to Fort Bragg operations:

• §130A-294 – Solid Waste Management Program

• §130A-309 – Solid Waste Management Act of 1989

Title 15A, Chapter 13B of the NCAC contains requirements for solid waste management, including rules for the collection, storage, transportation, and disposal of various solid wastes and permitting and operation of waste management facilities. Applicable sections include:

• Section .0100 – General Provisions

• Section .0200 – Permits for Solid Waste Facilities

• Section .0400 – Transfer Facilities

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• Section .0500 – Disposal Sites

• Section .0600 – Monitoring Requirements

• Section .1100 – Scrap Tire Management

• Section .1200 – Medical Waste Management

• Section .1300 – Disposition of Fetal Remains

2.5 FORT BRAGG REGULATIONS AND POLICIES

XVIII Airborne Corps and Fort Bragg Regulation 200-1 (FB 200-1), Environmental Quality.

This regulation prescribes Fort Bragg’s responsibilities, policies, and procedures to preserve, protect, and restore the quality of the environment in order to support Fort Bragg’s military mission. Chapter 16 describes procedures for managing solid waste to include waste minimization, landfill operations, resource recovery, and recycling.

XVIII Airborne Corps and Fort Bragg Regulation 350-6 (FB 350-6), Installation Range Regulation, 16 JAN 2002.

This regulation includes requirements for using and scheduling the military training areas that are associated with Fort Bragg. Within this regulation, Section 3.11, Waste Disposal, describes the proper methods for managing wastes that are generated as part of field training events.

2.6 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION 14000

EO 13423, Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation Management, requires that an environmental management system (EMS) be implemented within each federal agency at all appropriate organizational levels. Each agency should ensure use of EMS as the primary management approach for addressing environmental aspects of internal agency operations and activities, including environmental aspects of energy and transportation functions; establishment of objectives and targets to ensure implementation of the EO; and collection, analysis, and reporting of information to measure performance in the implementation of the EO.

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International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14000 is a guideline to provide assistance with implementing and improving an EMS. ISO 14000 follows the basic principles:

• An organization should focus on what needs to be done - it should ensure commitment to the EMS and define its policy;

• An organization should formulate a plan to fulfill its environmental policy;

• An organization should develop the capabilities and support mechanisms necessary to achieve its environmental policy, objectives, and targets;

• An organization should measure, monitor, and evaluate its environmental performance; and

• An organization should review and continually improve its EMS, with the objective of improving its overall environmental performance.

SECTIONTHREE Background

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Section 3 THREE Background

The federal government is the owner of one-third of the nation’s land area, is the nation’s largest consumer of energy, and is one of the largest consumers of paper and paper products.

Through EOs, the federal government has been mandated to be an environmental leader in such areas as acquisition, recycling, and waste prevention.

The DOD is charged with defending the interests of the U.S. anywhere in the world. As such, the DOD maintains many installations to provide the necessary infrastructure to support the armed services to meet this mission. Army installations range in size from a few acres to thousands of square miles; and their missions range from logistics to training, manufacturing, and rebuilding aircraft and ships. Many of these installations are the equivalent of small (and sometimes not so small) cities; therefore they may have the entire infrastructure (e.g., hospitals, sewage treatment plants, roads, airports) associated with cities. Much of the support activity associated with the DOD’s mission is industrial in nature. Accordingly, DOD installations also may confront environmental issues associated with industrial plants, including problems with air and water pollution and the generation of solid and hazardous waste. The DOD’s mission has created environmental issues that are microcosms of those faced by cities and industries in America today.

Fort Bragg is located near Fayetteville, North Carolina, and is composed of approximately 170,000 acres falling within the boundaries of Cumberland, Hoke, Moore and Harnett counties. Fort Bragg’s solid waste-generating population consists of residents, transients, stationed troops, and civilian employees. The activities of these groups generate distinct types of solid waste that can be characterized by the locations at which they are generated.

The following table contains the population information reported as part of the FY07 Solid Waste Annual Report (SWAR).

Table 3-1 Current Population Data

Military Civilian Combined Total Resident 43,000 8,000 51,000 Non-Resident 5,000 30,000 35,000 Total Population 48,000 38,000 86,000

A population change is anticipated as a result of the upcoming Base Realignment and Closing (BRAC) within the coming years. Detailed information about the changes that are expected with the BRAC can be found in the BRAC National Environmental Policy Act

SECTIONTHREE Background

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(NEPA) documents maintained in the Directorate of Public Works, Environmental Division (DPW-ED) office. The following table summarizes the estimated population changes that are reported in the BRAC documents.

Table 3-2 BRAC Anticipated Population Changes

Military Civilian Contractor Fort Bragg Army Total 5,191 1,335 351 Pope AFB Total -2,915 110 0 Net Change 2,276 1,445 351

Approximately three-quarters of the installation is used for training and includes firing ranges, impact areas and maneuver areas. The remainder of the installation is made up of cantonment areas, roads, housing, administration and industrial facilities, airfields, and wetlands.

The mission of the Fort Bragg Garrison Command is "... to provide the people, infrastructure, and services to support power projection, mobilization and demobilization for America’s contingency forces. As an installation and community team, continuously improve the training, working, and living environment for soldiers, families, and the civilian work force."

Fort Bragg’s number one strategic garrison goal is “Fort Bragg – a sustainable community meeting the needs of the Soldier today, tomorrow, and forever.” This goal, known as the Sustainable Community goal, addresses six functional areas to include: land use, materials/waste, facilities, utilities (such as energy, water and communications), transportation and alternative fuels, and the well-being of the members of the Fort Bragg Community.

SECTIONFOUR Responsibilities

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Section 4 FOUR Responsibilities

This section lists the responsibilities of personnel involved with the solid waste program at Fort Bragg.

4.1 GARRISON COMMANDER

1. Establish and/or maintain a functional organizational structure to plan, execute, and monitor the solid waste program.

2. Provide command emphasis on solid waste reduction, materials reuse, recycling, green procurement, and composting.

3. Formally establish an installation recycling program and designate the installation activity responsible for oversight of the program.

4. Chair the Sustainability Management Council (SMC), which serves as the installation forum that addresses environmental issues including solid waste management and recycling issues.

5. Chair the QRP Committee and delegate QRP manager responsibilities to the DPW, Environmental Compliance Branch (ECB) Solid Waste Program Manager.

6. Ensure that the proceeds from the QRP are used in accordance with Public Law (PL) 152 and DODI 7310.1. Oversee an accounting procedure to track the materials processed and sold as well as a financial accounting system for the receipt and disbursement of funds received from the QRP.

7. Support recycling programs by ensuring that the green procurement requirements of EO 13423 are met, and designate the installation activity responsible for oversight of the program.

8. Ensure that all the required training is approved, resourced, accomplished, and documented.

4.2 ALL DIRECTORS

1. Advise directorate activities of state, federal, and Army requirements for managing and reducing solid wastes, recycling, and green procurement.

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2. Monitor directorate activities for compliance with state, federal, and Army solid waste management requirements, and recommend changes in policies or procedures to improve program management when necessary.

3. Support and emphasize the practices of waste reduction, green procurement, recycling, and yard waste composting/mulching.

4. Ensure that all required training is approved, resourced, accomplished, and documented.

5. Participate in the SMC.

4.2.1 Director of Public Works

1. Serve as the Commander’s expert representative for the management of solid wastes. Recommend changes in policies or procedures to improve program management to the Commander in coordination with the Solid Waste Program Manager.

2. Serve as the installation’s proponent for the management of solid waste and the QRP.

3. Ensure that solid waste storage, collection, transportation, and disposal are conducted in accordance with state, federal, and Army regulations.

4. Program, budget, and support the resource requirements to manage the solid waste program, to comply with federal, state, and Army regulations, and to achieve state and DOD waste reduction goals. Ensure fund planning includes equipment; studies; operational costs; maintenance costs; treatment, storage or disposal; waste minimization; and personnel training.

5. Participate in the SMC.

6. Advise the Garrison Commander (GC) on the most cost-effective and efficient means of waste storage, treatment and disposal to include the sitting of new waste management facilities and the need to modify existing facilities.

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7. Establish, monitor and execute programs in waste management including…