APPENDIX_A_-_HDT_OMS-MP.pdf

APPENDIX A

HEAVY DUMP TRUCK (HDT)

Operational Mode Summary/Mission Profile

OMS/MP

20 June 2011

Table of Contents

1. Introduction 4

3. Operational Mode Summary 5

4. Mission Profile 7

5. Environmental Conditions 12

6. Assumptions 13

7. Explanation of Tasks 14

8. Definition of Movement Terrain 14

Acronyms 16

References 17

Definitions 18

Tables

Table 1 - Annual Wartime Operational Mode Summary 5

Table 2 - Annual Peacetime Operational Mode Summary 5

Table 3 - Typical Daily Wartime Mission for Non-Quarry Units 8

Table 4 – Typical Daily Wartime Mission for Quarry Units 9

Table 5 - Typical Daily Peacetime Mission for Non-Quarry Units 10

Table 6. - Typical Daily Peacetime Mission for Quarry Units 11

Table 7. - Operating Climate Temperature 12

1. Introduction

1.1. Purpose

To form the basis of which to create the Operational Mission Summary/Mission Profile (OMS/MP) for the HDT.

1.2 Concept of Employment.

The HDT is a 22.5 ton capacity dump truck employed by U.S. Army Engineer Horizontal Construction Companies, Equipment Support Platoons, Asphalt Teams, and Quarry Teams. The HDT is employed throughout all operational themes and across all environments to support Air & Ground Lines of Communications (A&G LOC) construction operations requiring hauling, spreading, and dumping of materials such as earth, rubble & debris, various aggregates, large boulders, blast rock, sand, asphalt, and miscellaneous materials. In a secondary supply support role the HDT is employed to support logistical operations by transporting and delivering various classes of supply such as: Class I-V (subsistence, individual equipment, tools, Petroleum Oil Lubricant (POL) products, construction materials, ammo); Class IX (repair parts); and Class X (agricultural/economic development material).

1.3 Concept of Operations.

The HDT directly supports the Joint Mission Areas of: Force Projection, Focused Logistics, Deployment/Redeployment, and Movement & Maneuver. The HDT supports the rapid construction, expansion, repair, and rehabilitation of A&G LOCs to include: road networks, logistical facilities, and landing & takeoff strips to support; vertical & horizontal air maneuver; Super Short Take-Off & Landing (SSTOL) aircraft; and Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). The HDT serves as a mission enabler during Route Remediation (RR) operations. As RR teams exploit its large haul capacity to expeditiously move about large volumes of material required to restore routes back to their operational capacities.

Facilitating the throughput of U.S. Forces Personnel, equipment, and supplies required for the rapid buildup of U.S. Forces Combat Power.

1.4 Missions

The HDT will support the following tasks listed in the Army Universal Task List (AUTL):

AUTL TASKS

5.1.2 Enhance Movement and Maneuver

5.1.2.1 Construct/Maintain Combat Roads and Trails

5.1.2.2 Construct/Maintain Forward Airfields and Landing Zones

6.10.2.1 Construct/Maintain Roads and Highways

6.10.2.2 Construct/Maintain Over the Shore Facilities

6.10.2.3 Construct/Maintain Ports

6.10.2.4 Construct/Maintain Railroad Facilities

6.10.2.5 Construct/Maintain Airfield Facilities

6.10.5.4 Construct, Manage, Maintain, Bases and Installations

2. Operational Mode Summary (OMS) The loading time, dumping time, and distance traveled per dump cycle are similar between the Horizontal Construction Company and Equipment Support Platoon. The Asphalt Team will typically see longer travel times than the Quarry platoon with a medium ratio of Dump cycles to miles traveled.

The Quarry Platoon will typically have shorter distances to travel, resulting in a higher ratio of dump cycles to miles traveled. The Asphalt Team will primarily haul hot mix asphalt and the materials necessary to produce asphalt. The Quarry Platoon will primarily haul rock and large boulders from a quarry to a rock crushing plant and/or stockpile area. The Wartime and Peacetime OMS are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1. ANNUAL WARTIME OPERATIONAL MODE SUMMARY

Table 2. ANNUAL PEACETIME OPERATIONAL MODE SUMMARY

Mission OT 1 OT+AT2

(hours)

ST 3

(hours) Days per

Year

OT

(hours)

OT+AT

(hours)

ST

(hours)

Horizontal

CO

EQ SPT PLT

Hours 17.4

18.9 24 334 5812 6313 8760

Miles 225

75150

Cycles 10 3340 Asphalt TM Hours 15 16.5 24 334 5010 5511 8760

Miles 160 53440 Cycles 30 10020

Quarry TM Hours 17

18.5

24 334 5678 6179 8760

Miles 112 37408 Cycles 65 21710

Mission OT 1 OT+AT2

(hours)

ST 3

(hours) Days per

Year

OT

(hours)

OT+AT

(hours)

ST

(hours)

Horizontal CO

EQ SPT PLT

Hours 8.2

9.7 24 230 1886 2231 8760

Miles 145

33350

Cycles 4 920 Asphalt TM Hours 6 7.5 24 230 1380 1725 8760

Miles 100 23000 Cycles 15 3450

Quarry TM Hours 8.6

10.1

24 230 1978 2323 8760

Miles 46 10580 Cycles 30 6900

1. Operating Time (OT) - Tasks d through j from the mission profile.

2. Alert Time (AT) - Tasks b through e from the mission profile.

3. Standby Time (ST) – Tasks a through k from the mission profile.

Heavy Dump Truck (HDT) OV-1

Task / Mission / Description The Heavy Dump Truck (HDT) will provide material transport for horizontal construction projects in support of military or national objectives.

• The HDT provides Engineer units the ability to construct/maintain main supply routes, logistical facilities, bituminous roads, helipads, airfields, landing strips, motor pools, and parking areas sustaining the Warfighter functions throughout full spectrum operations

• The HDT supports engineer construction projects by transporting and dumping payloads of sand/gravel aggregates, crushed rock, hot asphalt mixes, earth, clay, rubble and large boulders.

• The HDT will be fielded to Horizontal Construction Companies, Quarry Platoons, Asphalt Teams and Equipment Support Platoons.

DIV

xx

HDT

x

II HDT

HDTHDT

Equip Spt

Quarry

Asphalt

HDT

HDT

OE

POD

FARP

4. Mission Profile

a. Engineers are required to perform air and ground line of communication, theatre infrastructure repair and restoration operations. These operations require the movement of large amounts of rock, blast rock, crushed aggregate, hot asphalt mix, wet or dry sand, earth, clay, snow, large boulders and rubble (to include concrete with re-bar). The haul materials such as aggregate are developed from natural resources in the area of operations and processed into construction material. The material must be transported from the processing site to the job site. The HDT is the primary means of transporting processed material to the job site. An intermediate step may be the manufacture of hot mix asphalt. The HDT would move the required material to the asphalt plant and then transport the asphalt to the job site.

The HDT is also required to spread material such as aggregate at some sites by releasing a uniform amount while traveling at a slow speed. The HDT also serves as an alternate transportation asset for organizational equipment and other construction materials required for a project. Sometimes the HDT will be used to transport native material or reclaimed asphalt to a processing site from a remote location.

b. Typical Wartime Mission Day. Typical wartime daily missions are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

During operations PMCS and refueling is assumed to occur concurrently with other tasks.

Table 3. Typical Daily Wartime Mission for Non-Quarry Units.

Task Task

Time (hrs per task)

Task Miles (miles per task)

Task Frequency

Daily Time (hours)

Daily Miles a Standby Time Between Missions

4.6 n/a 1 4.6 n/a b Reaction Time 0.5 n/a 1 0.5 n/a c Before mission

PMCS

1 n/a 1 1 n/a d Travel – motor pool to operations area

0.2 hrs 5 miles 1 0.2 5 miles

.4 h ou rs

O T)

Begin Dump Cycles e Travel to Load Site 0.6 hrs 15 miles

6 150 miles

.4 h ou rs f Loading, including time waiting to load (Idle)

10.2 min

0.17 hrs n/a 1.7 n/a g Travel to Dump Site 0.6 hrs 15 miles 6 150 miles h Unloading, including time waiting to unload

10.2 min

0.17 hrs n/a 1.7 n/a

End Dump Cycles i Idle Time During

Mission (meals, etc) 1 hrs n/a 1 1 hrs n/a j Travel – Dump site to motor pool

0.8 hrs 20 miles 1 0.8 20 miles k After mission PMCS 0.5 n/a 1 0.5 n/a 24 hrs 325 miles

*Average travel speed is assumed to be 25 mph

Table 4. Typical Daily Wartime Mission for Quarry Units.

Task Task

Time (hrs per task)

Task Miles (miles per task)

Task Frequency

Daily Time (hours)

Daily Miles a Standby Time Between Missions

4.5 n/a 1 4.5 n/a b Reaction Time 0.5 n/a 1 0.5 n/a c Before mission PMCS 1 n/a 1 1 n/a d Travel – motor pool to quarry

0.2 hrs 5 miles 1 0.2 5 miles h ou rs

(O e Travel to Load Site 4.8 min

0.08 hrs

0.6 miles

6.8 51

.6 h ou rs f Loading, including time waiting to load (Idle)

2.4 min

0.04 hrs n/a 3.4 g Travel to Dump Site 4.8 min

0.08 hrs

0.6 miles 6.8 51 h Unloading, including time waiting to unload

2.4 min

0.04 hrs n/a 3.4

End Dump Cycles i Idle Time During

Mission (meals, etc) 1 hrs n/a 1 1 hrs n/a j Travel – Quarry to motor pool

0.2 hrs 5 miles 1 0.2 5 miles k After mission PMCS 0.5 n/a 1 0.5 n/a 24 hrs 112 miles

* Average travel speed is assumed to be 25 mph to/from Motor Pool; 7.5 mph within Quarry

c. Typical Peacetime Mission Day. Typical peacetime daily missions are shown in Tables 5 and

6. During operations PMCS and refueling are assumed to occur concurrently with other tasks.

Table 5. Typical Daily Peacetime Mission for Non-Quarry Units.

Task Task

Time (hrs per task)

Task Miles (miles per task)

Task Frequency

Daily Time (hours)

Daily Miles a Standby Time Between Missions

13.8 n/a 1 13.8 n/a b Reaction Time 0.5 n/a 1 0.5 n/a c Before mission PMCS 1 n/a 1 1 n/a d Travel – motor pool to operations area

0.2 hrs 5 miles 1 0.2 5 miles

8.

ho ur s ( e Travel to Load Site 0.6 hrs 15 miles

2.4 60 miles

6.

ho ur s f Loading, including time waiting to load (Idle)

10.2 min

0.17 hrs n/a 0.7 n/a g Travel to Dump Site 0.6 hrs 15 miles 2.4 60 miles h Unloading, including time waiting to unload

10.2 min

0.17 hrs n/a 0.7 n/a

End Dump Cycles i Idle Time During

Mission (meals, etc) 1 hrs n/a 1 1 hrs n/a j Travel – Dump site to motor pool

0.8 hrs 20 miles 1 0.8 20 miles k After mission PMCS 0.5 n/a 1 0.5 n/a 24 hrs 145 miles

*1 Average travel speed is assumed to be 25 mph

Table 6. Typical Daily Peacetime Mission for Quarry Units.

Task Task

Time (hrs per task)

Task Miles (miles per task)

Task Frequency

Daily Time (hours)

Daily Miles a Standby Time Between Missions

13.4 n/a 1 13.4 n/a b Reaction Time 0.5 n/a 1 0.5 n/a c Before mission

PMCS

1 n/a 1 1 n/a d Travel – motor pool to quarry

0.2 hrs 5 miles 1 0.2 5 miles

8.

ho ur s ( e Travel to Load Site 4.8 min

0.08 hrs

0.6 miles

2.4 18

7.

ho ur s f Loading, including time waiting to load (Idle)

2.4 min

0.04 hrs n/a 1.2 g Travel to Dump Site 4.8 min

0.08 hrs

0.6 miles 2.4 18 h Unloading, including time waiting to unload

2.4 min

0.04 hrs n/a 1.2

End Dump Cycles i Idle Time During

Mission (meals, etc) 1 hrs n/a 1 1 hrs n/a j Travel – Quarry to motor pool

0.2 hrs 5 miles 1 0.2 5 miles k After mission PMCS 0.5 n/a 1 0.5 n/a

24 hrs 46 miles

* Average travel speed is assumed to be 25 mph to/from Motor Pool; 7.5 mph within Quarry

5. Environmental Conditions.

The HDT will require employment under all weather, terrain, and climatic conditions. Many areas of conflict will require operating in temperatures above 120°F and temperatures down to -40°F. Therefore, the HDT is expected to operate in, or be exposed to, the climatic conditions of hot, basic, and cold as defined in Army Regulation (AR) 70-38 and depicted below:

a. Climatic Design Type

Table 7 Operating Climate Temperature Climate Operating Climate Temperature % Use

Hot 110°F to +120 20% Basic: -25°F to 110°F 75% Cold: down to -45°F 5%

b. Movement Terrain, non-Quarry units

Tactical-Standard Mission Rating Speed (MRS) for the Central Europe Scenario as follows:

Percent Speed Use

Primary Roads 20% 65 MPH Secondary Roads 50% 25 MPH Trails 15% 10 MPH Off road 15% 5 MPH

Tactical-High Mission Rating Speed (MRS) for the Central Europe Scenario as follows:

Percent Speed Use

Primary Roads 10% 65 MPH Secondary Roads 30% 25 MPH Trails 10% 10 MPH Off road 50% 5 MPH

Tactical-Standard MRS for the Mid-East Scenario as follows:

Percent Speed Use

Primary Roads 15% 65 MPH Secondary Roads 35% 25 MPH Trails 35% 10 MPH Off road 15% 5 MPH

Tactical-High MRS for the Mid-East Scenario as follows:

Percent Speed Use

Primary Roads 5% 65 MPH Secondary Roads 20% 25 MPH Trails 25% 10 MPH Off road 50% 5 MPH

Max Payload for Primary and Secondary Roads will by 22.5 tons (Threshold)/27 tons (Objective) Max Payload for Trails and Off Road will by 15 tons (Threshold)/20 tons (Objective)

c. Movement Terrain, Quarry units. Quarry units also operate on slopes of 30% to 60% during quarrying operations.

Primary Roads 15% 65 MPH Secondary Roads 35% 25 MPH Trails 30% 10 MPH

Off road 20% 5 MPH

d. Fording Terrain, is often needed to access job sites in remote areas with hard bottom sites in salt or fresh water greater than 20 inches in depth.

Fording Site 20-40 inch’s 5 MPH

6. Assumptions.

a. The wartime operations day (WOD) is 24 hours per day, 7 days per week, with 1 day every two weeks for Reset / Reconstitution, for total of 334 days per year. Standby time (operator rest time) is a minimum of 4 hours per day.

b. The peacetime operations day (POD) is 10 hours per day, 230 days per year.

c. Troops are not hauled in the cargo area for safety reasons.

7. Explanation of tasks.

a. Hauling - Transporting aggregate, hot asphalt mix, or equipment from one location to another. Hot asphalt mix is transported from the asphalt plant to the job site, where the mix is typically dumped into the hopper of an asphalt paver. Additionally, the HDT is used to transport organic equipment from one location to another e.g. Tool Boxes, small generators, power tools as well as to haul light trailers loaded with back hoe loader (BHL) for assistance in loading and other missions.

b. Tailgate Spreading - Distributing aggregate, sand or dirt from the rear of the truck by partially dumping the contents while moving slowly at a uniform pace so as to cause the contents to be spread evenly behind the vehicle.

c. Scheduled Maintenance - Typical routine service of the HDT to include changing fluids and filters, inspection and lubrication of moving parts, and inspection, cleaning of wearing and contact surfaces, and replacement of major items as part of the scheduled restoration of the item.

d. Alert Time - Operationally ready and preparing to perform a given mission. Includes Reaction Time, the amount of time that is needed for the unit to initiate the mission once the command to perform the mission is received.

e. Standby Time - Operationally ready but not committed to a mission.

f. Movement Time. Time the HDT is traveling under its own power to and from a mission; moving around the job site; hauling aggregate or equipment; and performing tailgate spreading.

g. All operations are performed in accordance with those specified in Combined Arms Training Strategy (CATS) task # (05-TS-4467) and (05-TS-4469).

8. Definition of Movement Terrain.

a. Primary Roads - Two or more lanes, all-weather, maintained, hard surface (paved) roads with good driving visibility used for heavy and high-density traffic. These roads have lanes with a minimum width of 108 inches (2.75 M), road crown to 2 degrees, and the legal maximum Gross Vehicle Weight/Gross Curb Weight (GVW/GCW) for the country or state is assured for all bridges. These roads are surfaces having Root Mean Square (RMS) value of < 0.2 inch (0.51 cm). Road grades can vary from 0% up to 6%.

b. Secondary Roads - One or more lanes, all weather, maintained intended for medium-weight, medium-density traffic. Road surfaces are hard (i.e. somewhat degraded primary roads); or improved (i.e. compacted, graded) gravel, dirt, or rock. These roads have lanes with a minimum width of 96 inches (2.4 M) and no guarantee that the legal maximum GVW/GCW for the country or state is assured for all bridges.

These roads are surfaces having an RMS roughness value varying between 0.2 and

0.3 in (0.51 and 0.76 cm). Road grades can vary from 0% up to 15%.

c. Trails - One lane, dry weather, unimproved, seldom maintained loose surface roads, intended for low density traffic. Trails have a minimum width of 96 inches (2.4 M), with no large obstacles (boulders, logs, stumps) and no bridging. These are surfaces having an RMS roughness value varying between 0.6 and 1.5 inches (1.5 and 3.8 cm).

Under wet conditions, severe mud may be present. Potholes and depressions are limited to 18 inches (46 cm) deep. With naturally occurring grades which can vary from 0% up to 30%

d. Off-Road - Vehicle operations over terrain not subject to repeated traffic and where no roads, routes, well-worn trails or man-made improvements exist. (This definition does not apply to vehicle test courses which are used to simulate cross-country terrain). These are surfaces having an RMS roughness value greater than 3.8 cm (1.5 in). With naturally occurring grades which may vary from 0% up to 60%.

Acronyms

AT Alert Time BHL Back Hoe Loader CATS Combined Arms Training Strategy CPD Capabilities Production Document GVW/GCW Gross Vehicle Weight/Gross Curb Weight GVWR Gross Vehicle Weight Rating HDT Heavy Dump Truck KPP Key Performance Parameters KSA Key System Attributes MP Mission Profile MRS Mission Rating Speed O Objective OMS Operational Mode Summary OMS/MP Operational Mode Summary/Mission Profile OT Operating Time OV Operational View PMCS Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services POD Peacetime Operations Day RAM Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability RMS Root Mean Square ST Standby Time T Threshold WOD Wartime Operations Day http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Gross+Vehicle+Weight+Rating

References

1. Field Manual No. 3-0, Operations Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, FEBRUARY 2008

2. Field Manual No. 3-07, Stability Operations Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, OCTOBER 2008

Definitions

Operations conducted within operational themes Peacetime military engagement Limited intervention Peace operations Irregular warfare

• Multinational training events and exercises

• Security assistance

• Joint combined exchange training

• Recovery operations

• Arms control

• Counterdrug activities

• Noncombatant evacuation operations

• Strike

• Raid

• Show of force

• Foreign humanitarian assistance

• Consequence management

• Sanction enforcement

• Elimination of weapons of mass destruction

• Peacekeeping

• Peace building

• Peacemaking

• Peace enforcement

• Conflict prevention

• Foreign internal

• defense

• Support to insurgency Counterinsurgenc y

• Combating terrorism

• Unconventional warfare

Note: Major combat operations usually involve a series of named major operations, such as Operation Desert Storm, each involving significant offensive and defensive operations and supporting air, land sea, and special operations.

Elements of Full Spectrum Operations Offensive Operations Primary Task Movement to contact Attack Exploitation Pursuit

Defensive Operations Primary Task Mobile defense Area defense Retrograde

Stability Operations Primary Task Civil Security Civil control Restore essential services Support to governance Support to economic an infrastructure development

Note: Underlined elements are potential PLS tasks