Attachment J.10 USAID new connectivity indicator Nov 2019.pdf

Att. J.10 USAID/Tanzania Connectivity Indicators

1. Additional disaggregation of the following standard F indicators:

• EG.10.2-1 Number of hectares of biologically significant areas showing improved biophysical conditions as a result of USG assistance

• EG.10.2-2 Number of hectares of biologically significant areas under improved natural resource management as a result of USG assistance

USAID/Tanzania proposes no changes in the definition of either of these two standard indicators. We propose an additional category for disaggregation. Currently, both indicators are to be disaggregated into two categories:

• Ecosystem category (terrestrial-freshwater/coastal-marine)

• Conservation law compliance category (wildlife trafficking/illegal logging and associated trade/illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing)

We propose to add connectivity as a third category for disaggregation. These additional disaggregates apply to terrestrial ecosystems only. We define this disaggregate category below.

• Connectivity category: Hectares in wildlife corridors showing improved biophysical conditions.

(for 10.2-1)

• Connectivity category: Hectares in wildlife corridors under improved natural resources management. (for 10.2-2)

As per TAWIRI/Jones et al. 2009, dispersal areas are included in the definition of corridors.

As per the standard definition, the sum of the totals of the two ecosystems disaggregate category options must be equal to the overall total number of hectares reported. The sum of the totals of the four conservation law compliance and/or the new connectivity disaggregate category options do not have to be equal to the overall total number of hectares reported.

2. New custom indicator on corridor use

We propose to create a custom indicator to track corridor use where USAID is investing in connectivity interventions. Due to the complexities associated with this, this indicator is quite broad. It is not designed to capture improvements in functionality but only use by one or more target species.

Name: Number of corridors that demonstrate use by target species Definition: Corridors are defined as per the Wildlife Act 2009. Corridors are areas of land used by wild animal species in search of basic requirements, such as water, food, space, and habitat. Generally, corridors are unprotected areas between two or more protected areas.

As per TAWIRI/Jones et al. 2009, dispersal areas are included in the definition of corridors. These are areas that animals habitually use for a significant length of time that do not connect two protected areas.

Target corridors should be recognized by the Government of Tanzania in an official publication. If not, the Implementing Partner must explain how their target corridor was identified.

As wildlife use corridors for different purposes, in different patterns, and at different scales, depending on the species, operational definitions by each Implementing Partner are required to contextualize this indicator to each activity.

Unit of Measure Number of corridors that demonstrate use by target species Primary SPS link Category: Economic Growth (EG)

Program Area: Environment (EG.10) Linkage to Long- Term Outcome or Impact

Connectivity within landscapes is critical for the long-term persistence of biodiversity. In Tanzania, many protected areas (PAs) are rapidly becoming isolated, yet the long-term viability of these areas depends on habitat outside the PAs, on the ability of animals to disperse and return to these areas, and on the flow of animals from other areas.

This indicator measures USG effort to improving the management and function of areas needed for connectivity. This indicator links measures to improve conservation and natural resources management with improved ecological connectivity.

Indicator Type Outcome Use of Indicator Measures in this indicator will help demonstrate if USG efforts to protect and/or improve connectivity within Tanzania are working.

Reporting Frequency

Annually or more frequently - will depend on target species and monitoring systems in place. Implementing Partners will specify the reporting frequency.

Data Source Implementing Partners will measure use using techniques appropriate to the ecosystem and target species. Potential methods include direct observation, collaring, camera trapping, etc.

Disaggregate Species, if applicable