Shaping the Future of MILSATCOM Brief - 20100402

Shaping the Future of

Military Satellite Communications

27 April 2010

Colonel Charles Cynamon

MILSATCOM Advanced Concepts Group

Types of SATCOM

DSCS – X-band only

WGS – X & Ka Band

High Data Rates Limited AJ protection

DSCS/WGS

NARROWBANDWIDEBANDPROTECTED COMMERCIAL

Growing capability High throughput

–No protection Pay for on Demand services

Commercial

C, Ku, Ka-Band

LDR/MDR/XDR

C2 range extension

AJ, LPI, LPD,

EMP

Crosslinks -

(No ground relay stations)

Survivable

MILSTAR/AEHF

EHF

Lightweight, mobile users Foliage

Penetration No AJ DAMA access

UHF

UFO/MUOSUFO/WGS

Ka payload on UFO and WGS satellites

High throughput Small antennas Smart push/pull data broadcasts

BROADCAST

(GBS)

Ka-BandSHF X/Ka-Band

Military satellite systems are essential to provide assured comm for the deployed Warfighter, with augmentation from Commercial systems to meet surge requirements

MCSW Wing Mission Area Overview

Space Segment

AF SATCOM

Terminals

Mission/Comm

Planning

Satellite Control CCS-C

Milstar

CCS-C

AEHF

CCS-C

DSCS

CCS-C

WGSGSCCEASMCS

SMCS

MPE

MCPTI

ACMS

CNPS/ODOCS

UFO

Narrowband

UFO/E

Protected Product Line

Milstar AEHF Int Polar (hosted)

EPS

(hosted)

FAB-T Inc 1GEMS

Service EHF Terminals: AFCPT, Army SMART-T & AEHF Upgrade, Army

SCAMP, Navy NESP, Navy FOT, Minuteman MEECN Program (MMP), Navy NMT, Ground Element MEECN System (GEMS)

Wideband Product Line

DSCS WGSGBS

(hosted)

Service WB Terminals: Joint DSCS, GMF, AF NABS, Army WIN-T SATCOM Terminal, Navy NMT, JNN, KaSTARS, Phoenix, AFWET

MUOS

FAB-T: Family of Adv Beyond Line-of-Sight Terminals GBS: Global Broadcast Service GEMS: AF Ground Element (MEECN) System GMF: Ground Mobile Forces GMT: Ground Multi-Band Terminal GSCCE: Global SATCOM Command & Ctrl Element HDRAT: High Data Rate Airborne Terminal (FAB-T Inc 2) HDR RF: High Data Rate Radio Frequency IOE Integrated Operating Environment JNN: Joint Network Node MCPTI: Milstar Comm Planning Tool - Integrated

MEECN: Min Essential Emergency Comm Network MPE: Mission Planning Element MUOS: Mobile User Objective System NABS: NATO Air Base SATCOM NMT: Navy Multi-Band Terminals ODOCS: Objective DSCS Operational Control Subsystem SCAMP: Single-Channel, Anti-Jam, Man Portable SMCS: Satellite Mission Control Subsystem UFO: UHF Follow-On WGS: Wideband Global SATCOM WIN-T: Warfighter Information Network Tactical

ACMS: Automated Communications Mgt System AEHF: Advanced EHF AELT Airborne Experimental Lasercom Terminal AFCPT: Air Force Command Post Terminal AFWET: Air Force Wideband Enterprise Terminals ASMCS: AEHF Sat Msn Control Subsystem CCS-C: Command & Control System-Consolidated CIP Capability Insertion Program CNPS: Common Network Planning Software DSCS: Defense Satellite Communication System EPS: Enhanced Polar System

Advanced Concepts

Product Line

CIPs

AEHF / WGS

Demos

Commercial

Converged

Ground

Interim Capabilities:

No Major Updates

Planned

GBS HDRAT GMTHDR RF AFWET

Defense Satellite Comm

System

“DSCS I”

DSCS II

DSCS III

DSCS III

SLEP

Milstar I

Milstar II

AEHF

Wideband Communications

WGS

Protected Communications

Mbps

Mbps

Continuous capacity and protection improvements:

Being responsive to Warfighter needs

Ka-band ISR

NEW Capabilities

• Mobile Protected Comm

• Increased Capacity

Military Satellite Communications 1960 - 2025

Mbps

Mbps

Mbps

NEW Capabilities

• X-band and 2-way

Ka-band ISR

• Increased Capacity

Mbps

Mbps

X-band /2-way Ka-band Comm

6-ball WGS sustained thru 2025

Anti-Jam Antenna

WGS

X-band

Strategic Comm in nuclear environment

Protected Tactical Comm

Anti-Jam Waveform

Emerging SATCOM Trends

Source: SATCOM in Support of the Warfighter Brief, Nov 07, Col Rayerman, HQ Dept of Army

• Visible increase in demand for SATCOM in recent operations

• Future expansion to address:

• Expanding capabilities of Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) assets

• Increased reliance on high-fidelity sensors on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

• Implementing Army Battle Command-On-The-Move (BCOTM) for small, highly mobile tactical forces

Demand Continues to Increase

Mission Need 3) More antennas to cover Long Track AISR and other users

Mission Need 1) Sufficient capacity in concentrated theaters

Mission Need 5) Reduced susceptibility to jamming

Mission Need 4) Sufficient data rates for Reaper-class AISR and COTM

Primary Midterm MILSATCOM Mission Needs

Mission Need 2) Transitional support for Global Hawk

Future Mission Needs exceed current SATCOM capabilities

Commercial

RFI

• Leasing

1. Spot Market

2. Multi-Year

3. Secure capacity pre-launch

4. Exclusive lease of entire comm transponder or segment of comm payload w/provision for DoD control of payload

5. Privately-Financed Initiative of entire satellite or portion of satellite (e.g., payload)

• Push DoD Requirements to Commercial Satellites

6. Adoption by commercial industry of DoD-desired features in commercial product lines

7. DoD funds tech dev/maturation of desired capabilities that can be integrated into COMSATs

• Hosting Payloads

8. Hosting DoD payload on commercial satellite

a. FAR Part 12 Modified Commercial Payload (firm fixed price)

b. FAR Part 15 Payload

9. DoD payload is designed into commercial satellite (DoD payload drives satellite design)

• Purchase tailored Commercial Satellite

10.Purchase of a tailored commercial satellite system – FAR Part 12 – Firm Fixed Price

• Traditional DoD FAR Part 15 Procurements

11.DoD capability upgrade of future versions of MILSATCOM satellites (FAR Part 15)

12.DoD clone of existing MILSATCOM satellites

13.Development of new MILSATCOM satellite system (FAR Part 15)

DISA/GSA

FCSA

Overall

Trade Space for

ICD / MSA

Exploring Range of Methods to Provide Continuity of Service to Warfighters

RFI Focuses on Procurement of Hosted Payloads & Full Satellites

Expands Consideration / Evaluates Applicability of COMSATCOM Technology/Services for MILSATCOM

COMSATCOM Gov’t Reference Concepts

• “Military Ka” via Fee for Service

• Solicit ubiquitous availability of military Ka capability

• “AISR-SAT”

• Provide military Ka-band long track AISR transition (free flyer version of Hosted-Payload option)

• “Hosted Payloads” (aka “Payloads in a Barn” – STRATCOM/CC)

• SMC develops common payloads

• Model payload: Military RF, SSA package and encrypted command/TM

• AFSPC decides which rides taken– launch 36 months

• “COCOM Sat” – limited, tailored commercial product to particular slot

• Commercial Satellite, Military Frequencies, minimally tailored to a region (leverages highly streamlined delivery business model)

• “Alternative Business”

• Ex: “Lease to buy” military capability

• Other Products

• Ground TT&C

• Ground Network Management/Operations Management

IS / PEO Execution Review 9

“COCOM-SAT” Alternative Embrace commercial “tailor to orbit position” business model

• Buy commercial satellites with non-developmental military features

• Commercial business cases aimed at geographical market

• Commercial optimization (bandwidth, coverage, design)

• Acquisition Approach

• Pick antenna lay down for particular market (COCOM)

• Embrace enterprise extensions (terminals, IP, lease features)

• FAR Part 12, Fixed Price – map to commercial model

• No specialized development

• AFSPC Approach

• Commercial launch, accommodate enterprise factors

• Dedicated commercial ops with military augmentation

Military transponded SATCOM with military frequencies and largely fixed antenna lay downs tailored to COCOM needs

IS / PEO Execution Review 10

Hosted Payload Alternative aka “Payloads in a Barn”

• “Every Commercial Launch is an Opportunity for a Military Payload”

– AFSPC/CC

• Acquisition Approach

• Align business decisions, costs, integration alignment, T&Cs

• Pre-Invest in military payloads and commercial bus integration -- position to meet commercial schedules

• AFSPC Approach

• Leverage abundant multi-supplier opportunities to surge to specific orbital region

• Track launch opportunities with consortium partners

• Resource/trigger “go” decision for forthcoming launch

• Independent AFSPC payload control (or sub to commercial NOC)

Acknowledge military payloads must align with commercial approach

Concept subject to exploration – business case viability

Future Capabilities:

Advanced Concepts Group (ACG)

• Support AFSPC requirements processes

• Enterprise perspective across space/ground elements and between networks for next generation SATCOM system(s)

• Standards, usage concepts, product alignments

• Leverage TSAT technology investment

• Synchronize satellite, terminals, control, and networks improvements

• Lead pre-contract activities for all MILSATCOM products

• Consider implications for

Industry Base

Delivery of integrated capabilities across SATCOM mission areas with enterprise perspective