osha2254.pdf

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

OSHA 2254-09R 2015

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

“To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women; by authorizing enforcement of the standards developed under the Act; by assisting and encouraging the States in their efforts to assure safe and healthful working conditions; by providing for research, information, education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health.”

Material contained in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced, fully or partially, without permission. Source credit is requested but not required.

This information will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request.

Voice phone: (202) 693-1999;

teletypewriter (TTY) number: 1-877-889-5627.

This publication provides a general overview of a variety of standards-related topics. This publication does not alter or determine compliance responsibilities which are set forth in OSHA standards, and the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Moreover, because interpretations and enforcement policy may change over time, for additional guidance on OSHA compliance requirements, the reader should consult current administrative interpretations and decisions by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission and the courts.

This guidance document is not a standard or regulation, and it creates no new legal obligations. It contains descriptions of mandatory safety and health standards. The Occupational Safety and Health Act requires employers to comply with safety and health standards and regulations promulgated by OSHA or by a state with an OSHA-approved state plan. In addition, the Act’s General Duty Clause, Section 5(a)(1), requires employers to provide their employees with a workplace free from recognized hazards likely to cause death or serious physical harm.

Cover photo courtesy of ACTA Safety in OSHA Standards

Occupational Safety and Health Administration U.S. Department of Labor

OSHA 2254-09R 2015

iv Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

Training Requirements for Workplace Safety

OSHA Standards: Protection on the Job

Injury and Illness Prevention Programs

Educational Information

OSHA Training Institute (OTI) Education Centers

Worker Participation in Developing Training Programs

TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

� GENERAL INDUSTRY

29 CFR 1910

Subpart E – Exit Routes and Emergency Planning

1910.38 Emergency action plans

1910.39 Fire prevention plans

Subpart F – Powered Platforms, Manlifts, and Vehicle-Mounted Work Platforms

1910.66 Powered platforms for building maintenance

Subpart G – Occupational Health and Environmental Control

1910.95 Occupational noise exposure

Subpart H – Hazardous Materials

1910.106 Flammable liquids

1910.109 Explosive and blasting agents

1910.110 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases

1910.111 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia

1910.119 Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals

1910.120 Hazardous waste operations and emergency response

Subpart I – Personal Protective Equipment

1910.132 General requirements

1910.134 Respiratory protection

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards v

Subpart J – General Environmental Controls

1910.142 Temporary labor camps

1910.145 Specifications for accident prevention signs and tags

1910.146 Permit required confined spaces

1910.147 The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout)

Subpart K – Medical Services and First Aid

1910.151 Medical services and first aid

Subpart L – Fire Protection

1910.155 Fire protection

1910.156 Fire brigades

1910.157 Portable fire extinguishers

1910.158 Standpipe and hose systems

1910.160 Fixed extinguishing systems

1910.164 Fire detection systems

1910.165 Employee alarm systems

Subpart N – Materials Handling and Storage

1910.177 Servicing of multi-piece and single-piece rim wheels

1910.178 Powered industrial trucks

1910.179 Overhead and gantry cranes

1910.180 Crawler locomotive and truck cranes

Subpart O – Machinery and Machine Guarding

1910.217 Mechanical power presses

1910.218 Forging machines

Subpart Q – Welding, Cutting, and Brazing

1910.252 General requirements

1910.253 Oxygen-fuel gas welding and cutting

1910.254 Arc welding and cutting

1910.255 Resistance welding

Subpart R – Special Industries

1910.261 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills

1910.264 Laundry machinery and operating rules

1910.266 Logging

1910.268 Telecommunications

1910.269 Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution

1910.272 Grain handling facilities

vi Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

Subpart S – Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices

1910.332 Training

Subpart T – Commercial Diving Operations

1910.410 Qualifications of dive team

Subpart Z – Toxic and Hazardous Substances

1910.1001 Asbestos

1910.1003 13 Carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.)

1910.1017 Vinyl chloride

1910.1018 Inorganic arsenic

1910.1025 Lead

1910.1026 Chromium (VI)

1910.1027 Cadmium

1910.1028 Benzene

1910.1029 Coke oven emissions

1910.1030 Bloodborne pathogens

1910.1043 Cotton dust

1910.1044 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane

1910.1045 Acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide)

1910.1047 Ethylene oxide

1910.1048 Formaldehyde

1910.1050 Methylenedianiline

1910.1051 1,3-Butadiene

1910.1052 Methylene chloride

1910.1096 Ionizing radiation

1910.1200 Hazard Communication

1910.1450 Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories

� MARITIME

29 CFR Part 1915 – Shipyard Employment

Subpart A – General Provisions

1915.6 Commercial diving operations

1915.7 Competent person

1915.9 Compliance duties owed to each employee

Subpart B – Confined and Enclosed Spaces and Other Dangerous Atmospheres in Shipyard Employment

1915.12 Precautions and the order of testing before entering confined and enclosed spaces and other dangerous atmospheres

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards vii

1915.13 Cleaning and other cold work

1915.14 Hot work

1915.15 Maintenance of safe conditions

Subpart C – Surface Preparation and Preservation

1915.35 Painting

1915.36 Flammable liquids

Subpart D – Welding, Cutting and Heating

1915.53 Welding, cutting and heating in way of preservative coatings

1915.54 Welding, cutting and heating of hollow metal containers and structures not covered by 1915.12

1915.55 Gas welding and cutting

1915.56 Arc welding and cutting

1915.57 Uses of fissionable material

Subpart E – Scaffolds, Ladders and Other Working Surfaces

1915.71 Scaffolds or staging

Subpart F – General Working Conditions

1915.89 Control of hazardous energy (lockout/tags-plus)

Subpart G – Gear and Equipment for Rigging and Materials Handling

1915.112 Ropes, chains and slings

1915.116 Use of gear

1915.117 Qualifications of operators

Subpart H – Tools and Related Equipment

1915.135 Powder actuated fastening tools

1915.136 Internal combustion engines, other than ships’ equipment

Subpart I – Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

1915.152 General requirements

1915.154 Respiratory protection

1915.159 Personal fall arrest systems (PFAS)

1915.160 Positioning device systems

Subpart K – Portable, Unfired Pressure Vessels, Drums and Containers, Other Than Ship’s Equipment

1915.172 Portable air receivers and other unfired pressure vessels

Subpart P – Fire Protection in Shipyard Employment

1915.508 Training

viii Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

Subpart Z – Toxic and Hazardous Substances

1915.1001 Asbestos

1915.1003 13 Carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.)

1915.1017 Vinyl chloride

1915.1018 Inorganic arsenic

1915.1025 Lead

1915.1027 Cadmium

1915.1028 Benzene

1915.1030 Bloodborne pathogens

1915.1044 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane

1915.1045 Acrylonitrile

1915.1047 Ethylene oxide

1915.1048 Formaldehyde

1915.1050 Methylenedianiline

1915.1200 Hazard Communication

1915.1450 Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories

29 CFR Part 1917 – Marine Terminals

Subpart A – General Provisions

1917.1 Scope and applicability

Subpart B – Marine Terminal Operations

1917.23 Hazardous atmospheres and substances

1917.25 Fumigants, pesticides, insecticides, and hazardous preservatives

1917.27 Personnel

1917.28 Hazard communication

1917.30 Emergency action plans

Subpart C – Cargo Handling Gear and Equipment

1917.44 General rules applicable to vehicles

Subpart D – Specialized Terminals

1917.73 Terminal facilities handling menhaden and similar species of fish

Subpart G – Related Terminal Operations and Equipment

1917.152 Welding, cutting and heating (hot work)

29 CFR Part 1918 – Safety and Health Regulations for Longshoring

Subpart A – Scope and Definitions

1918.1 Scope and application

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards ix

Subpart H – Handling Cargo

1918.85 Containerized cargo operations

Subpart I – General Working Conditions

1918.93 Hazardous atmospheres and substances

1918.94 Ventilation and atmospheric conditions

1918.97 First aid and lifesaving facilities

1918.98 Qualifications of machinery operators and supervisory training

� CONSTRUCTION

29 CFR 1910

Subpart B – Adoption and Extension of Established Federal Standards

1910.12 Construction work

29 CFR 1926

Subpart C – General Safety and Health Provisions

1926.20 General safety and health provisions

1926.21 Safety training and education

1926.32 Definitions

1926.35 Employee emergency action plans

Subpart D – Occupational Health and Environmental Controls

1926.50 Medical services and first aid

1926.52 Occupational noise exposure

1926.53 Ionizing radiation

1926.54 Nonionizing radiation

1926.55 Gases, vapors, fumes, dusts, and mists

1926.57 Ventilation

1926.59 Hazard communication

1910.1200 Hazard communication

1926.60 Methylenedianiline

1926.61 Retention of DOT markings, placards and labels

1926.62 Lead in Construction

1926.64 Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals

1926.65 Hazardous waste operations and emergency response

Subpart E – Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment

1926.102 Eye and face protection

x Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

1926.103 Respiratory protection

1910.134 Respiratory protection

Subpart F – Fire Protection and Prevention

1926.150 Fire protection

1926.155 Definitions applicable to this subpart

Subpart G – Signs, Signals, and Barricades

1926.200 Accident prevention signs and tags

1926.201 Signaling

1926.202 Barricades

Subpart I – Tools – Hand and Power

1926.300 General requirements

1926.302 Power-operated hand tools

Subpart J – Welding and Cutting

1926.350 Gas welding and cutting

1926.351 Arc welding and cutting

1926.352 Fire prevention

Subpart K – Electrical

1926.416 General requirements

Subpart L – Scaffolds

1926.450 Scope, application and definitions applicable to this subpart

1926.451 General requirements

1926.454 Training requirements

Subpart M – Fall Protection

1926.503 Training requirements

Subpart O – Motor Vehicles, Mechanized Equipment, and Marine Operations

1926.602 Material handling equipment

1910.178 Powered industrial trucks

Subpart R – Steel Erection

1926.760 Fall protection

1926.761 Training

Subpart S – Underground Construction, Caissons, Cofferdams and Compressed Air . . 213

1926.800 Underground construction

1926.803 Compressed air

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards xi

Subpart U – Blasting and the Use of Explosives

1926.901 Blaster qualifications

Subpart V – Power Transmission and Distribution

1926.955 Overhead lines

Subpart X – Stairways and Ladders

1926.1060 Training requirements

Subpart Y – Diving

1926.1076 Qualifications of dive team

Subpart Z – Toxic and Hazardous Substances

1926.1101 Asbestos

1926.1126 Chromium (VI)

1926.1127 Cadmium

Subpart AA – Confined Spaces in Construction

1926.1207 Training

1926.1211 Rescue and emergency services

Subpart CC – Cranes and Derricks in Construction

1926.1401 Definitions

1926.1404 Assembly/Disassembly — general requirements

1926.1408 Power line safety (up to 350 kV) — equipment operations

1926.1419 Signals — general requirements

1926.1423 Fall protection

1926.1424 Work area control

1926.1425 Keeping clear of the load

1926.1427 Operator qualification and certification

1926.1428 Signal person qualifications

1926.1430 Training

1926.1436 Derricks

1926.1438 Overhead & gantry cranes

1926.1441 Equipment with a rated hoisting/lifting capacity of 2,000 pounds or less . . . 237

� AGRICULTURE

29 CFR 1928

Subpart C – Roll-Over Protective Structures

1928.51 Roll-Over protective structures (ROPS) for tractors used in agricultural operations

1928.57 Guarding of farm field equipment, farmstead equipment, and cotton gins xii Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

Subpart M – Occupational Health

1928.1027 Cadmium

� FEDERAL EMPLOYEE PROGRAMS

29 CFR 1960

Subpart B – Administration

1960.7 Financial management

Subpart D – Inspection and Abatement

1960.25 Qualifications of safety and health inspectors and agency inspections

Subpart E – General Services Administration and Other Federal Agencies

1960.34 General provisions

Subpart F – Occupational Safety and Health Committees

1960.39 Agency responsibilities

Subpart H – Training

1960.54 Training of top management officials

1960.55 Training of supervisors

1960.56 Training of safety and health specialists

1960.57 Training of safety and health inspectors

Subpart K – Field Federal Safety and Health Councils

1960.85 Role of the Secretary

TRAINING RESOURCES

Appendix A – Multilingual Resources

Appendix B – References

Appendix C – States with Approved OSHA Plans

Appendix D – Free On-site Safety and Health Consultation Services for Small Business . . 253

Appendix E – NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation Program

Appendix F – OSHA Regional Offices

How to Contact OSHA

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 1

Introduction

IN

TRO

D U

C

TIO

N

Training Requirements for Workplace Safety Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, employers are responsible for providing a safe and healthful workplace. No person should ever have to be injured, become ill, or die for a paycheck.

OSHA’s mission is to ensure the protection of workers and prevent work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths by setting and enforcing standards, and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance. Many OSHA standards, which have prevented countless workplace tragedies, include explicit safety and health training requirements to ensure that workers have the required skills and knowledge to safely do their work.

These requirements reflect OSHA’s belief that training is an essential part of every employer’s safety and health program for protecting workers from injuries and illnesses.

Researchers conclude that those who are new on the job have a higher rate of injuries and illnesses than more experienced workers.

To assist employers, safety and health professionals, training directors and others with a need to know, OSHA’s training-related requirements have been excerpted and collected in this updated booklet. Requirements for posting information, warning signs, labels, and the like are excluded, as are most references to the qualifications of people assigned to test workplace conditions or equipment.

Training in the safe way for workers to do their jobs well is an investment that will pay back over and over again in fewer injuries and illnesses, better morale, lower insurance premiums and more.

It is a good idea to keep a record of all safety and health training. Documentation can also supply an answer to one of the first questions an incident investigator will ask:

“Did the employee receive adequate training to do the job?”

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=OSHACT&p_id=2743

2 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

OSHA Standards: Protection on the Job

OSHA Standards: Protection on the Job In this booklet, the training requirements contained in OSHA’s standards are organized into five categories of OSHA standards: General Industry, Maritime, Construction, Agriculture, and Federal Employee Programs. An example of a training requirement is found in the revised Hazard Communication standard (Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.1200, effective May 25, 2012), which improves the quality and consistency of hazard information in the workplace. This standard states:

Employers shall provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area at the time of their initial assignment, and whenever a new chemical hazard the employees have not previously been trained about is introduced into their work area. Information and training may be designed to cover categories of hazards (e.g., flammability, carcinogenicity) or specific chemicals. Chemical-specific information must always be available through labels and safety data sheets.

This booklet identifies the training requirements in specific OSHA standards. For information on training techniques and resources for developing training programs, please see Resource for Development and Delivery of Training to Workers.

Injury and Illness Prevention Programs Training and education are elements of a strong injury and illness prevention program that can help employers find and fix workplace hazards before workers get hurt.

Injury and illness prevention programs are systems that can substantially reduce the number and severity of workplace injuries and illnesses while reducing costs to employers. Thousands of employers across the United States already manage safety using injury and illness prevention programs, and OSHA believes that all employers can and should do the same. Thirty-four states have requirements or voluntary guidelines for workplace injury and illness prevention programs.

Most successful injury and illness prevention programs are based on a common set of key elements. These include management leadership, worker participation, hazard identification, hazard prevention and control, education and training, and program evaluation and improvement. Visit OSHA’s Injury and Illness Prevention Programs web page at www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/safetyhealth for more information.

http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3824.pdf http://www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/safetyhealth

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 3

Introduction

Educational Information OSHA has many types of educational materials in English, Spanish, Vietnamese and other languages available in print or online. These include:

• Brochures/booklets;

• Fact Sheets;

• Guidance documents that provide detailed examinations of specific safety and health issues;

• Online Safety and Health Topics pages;

• Posters;

• Small, laminated QuickCards™ that provide brief safety and health information; and

• QuickTakes, OSHA’s free, twice-monthly online newsletter with the latest news about OSHA initiatives and products to assist employers and workers in finding and preventing workplace hazards. To sign up for QuickTakes, visit www. osha.gov/quicktakes.

To view materials available online or for a listing of free publications, visit www.osha.gov/ publications. You can also call 1-800-321-OSHA (6742) to order publications.

OSHA’s web site also has information on job hazards and injury and illness prevention for employers and workers. To learn more about OSHA’s safety and health resources online, visit www.osha.gov or www.osha.gov/html/a-z-index.html.

OSHA Training Institute (OTI) Education Centers OTI Education Centers are nonprofit organizations authorized by OSHA to deliver occupational safety and health training to workers, supervisors and employers. These organizations are selected through a competitive process based on various criteria, including their occupational safety and health training experience, location and training facilities, and ability to provide training throughout a given region.

The OTI Education Centers offer courses and seminars on a variety of safety and health topics. They also contribute to the OSHA training mission through other safety and health programs, including community outreach efforts, courses offered in Spanish, and various youth initiatives.

The OTI Education Centers also support the Voluntary OSHA Outreach Training Program by offering trainer courses and processing trainer requests for course completion cards. The Outreach Training Program is a voluntary program that is not www.osha.gov/quicktakes http://www.osha.gov/publications http://www.osha.gov/publications http://www.osha.gov http://www.osha.gov/html/a-z-index.html http://www.osha.gov/dte/edcenters/index.html

4 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

Worker Participation in Developing Training Programs required by OSHA—nor does it fulfill any OSHA requirements. Still the outreach program can provide basic safety and health information and education. However, under the OSHA law, all required training must be provided by and paid for by employers. Through the outreach program, safety professionals can become authorized to deliver 10-hour and 30-hour classes on the recognition, avoidance, abatement, and prevention of safety and health hazards in workplaces. The program also provides information about workers’ rights, employer responsibilities, and how to file a complaint. It is important to note that this is a voluntary program and does not meet training requirements for any OSHA standards . Although some states, municipalities, or organizations may require outreach training as a condition of employment, it is not an OSHA requirement. None of the courses within the Outreach Training Program is considered a certification.

For more information, including course descriptions and prerequisites, class schedules, tuition and fees, and featured organizations, visit OSHA’s website: www.osha.gov/otiec.

Worker Participation in Developing Training Programs Training programs help ensure that safe jobs are no accident. Safe jobs exist because employers make a conscious decision, each and every day of the year, to make protecting workers a priority in the workplace. When this effort includes participation from workers, workplace injury and illness prevention programs are improved because workers can identify missing safety procedures, make recommendations for changes and help ensure a safe workplace. When workers have a voice in the workplace and input about how training is developed, training programs are more accurately focused on specific workplace hazards.

Readers with questions concerning worker safety and health training should contact their OSHA Regional or Area office listed at the end of this publication and on OSHA’s website: www.osha.gov.

http://www.osha.gov/otiec http://www.osha.gov/

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 5

TRA

IN

IN

G

REQ

U

IREM

EN

TS

Ph ot o:

S he ry l Q ua te rm as , N ew J er se y S ta te P la n

General Industry The following training requirements have been excerpted from Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations Part 1910. Note that additional training requirements may appear in certain other standards (ANSI, NFPA, etc.) adopted by reference in Part 1910 and are therefore mandatory.

29 CFR 1910

Subpart E – Exit Routes and Emergency Planning

1910.38 Emergency action plans

(a) Application . An employer must have an emergency action plan whenever an OSHA standard in this part requires one. The requirements in this section apply to each such emergency action plan.

(b) Written and oral emergency action plans . An emergency action plan must be in writing, kept in the workplace, and available to employees for review. However, an employer with 10 or fewer employees may communicate the plan orally to employees.

(c) Minimum elements of an emergency action plan . An emergency action plan must include at a minimum:

(1) Procedures for reporting a fire or other emergency;

(2) Procedures for emergency evacuation, including type of evacuation and exit route assignments;

(a) through (f)

6 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

General Industry

(3) Procedures to be followed by employees who remain to operate critical plant operations before they evacuate;

(4) Procedures to account for all employees after evacuation;

(5) Procedures to be followed by employees performing rescue or medical duties; and

(6) The name or job title of every employee who may be contacted by employees who need more information about the plan or an explanation of their duties under the plan.

(d) Employee alarm system . An employer must have and maintain an employee alarm system. The employee alarm system must use a distinctive signal for each purpose and comply with the requirements in §1910.165.

(e) Training . An employer must designate and train employees to assist in a safe and orderly evacuation of other employees.

(f) Review of emergency action plan . An employer must review the emergency action plan with each employee covered by the plan:

(1) When the plan is developed or the employee is assigned initially to a job;

(2) When the employee’s responsibilities under the plan change; and

(3) When the plan is changed

1910.39 Fire prevention plans

(a) Application . An employer must have a fire prevention plan when an

OSHA standard in this part requires one. The requirements in this section apply to each such fire prevention plan.

(b) Written and oral fire prevention plans . A fire prevention plan must be in writing, be kept in the workplace, and be made available to employees for review. However, an employer with 10 or fewer employees may communicate the plan orally to employees.

(c) Minimum elements of a fire prevention plan . A fire prevention plan must include:

(1) A list of all major fire hazards, proper handling and storage procedures for hazardous materials, potential ignition sources and their control, and the type of fire protection equipment necessary to control each major hazard;

(2) Procedures to control accumulations of flammable and combustible waste materials;

(a) through (d)

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 7

(3) Procedures for regular maintenance of safeguards installed on heat-producing equipment to prevent the accidental ignition of combustible materials;

(4) The name or job title of employees responsible for maintaining equipment to prevent or control sources of ignition or fires; and

(5) The name or job title of employees responsible for the control of fuel source hazards.

(d) Employee information . An employer must inform employees upon initial assignment to a job of the fire hazards to which they are exposed. An employer must also review with each employee those parts of the fire prevention plan necessary for self-protection.

Subpart F – Powered Platforms, Manlifts, and Vehicle- Mounted Work Platforms

1910.66 Powered platforms for building maintenance

(i) Operations

(1) Training.

(i) Working platforms shall be operated only by persons who are proficient in the operation, safe use and inspection of the particular working platform to be operated.

(ii) All employees who operate working platforms shall be trained in the following:

(A) Recognition of, and preventive measures for, the safety hazards associated with their individual work tasks.

(B) General recognition and prevention of safety hazards associated with the use of working platforms, including the provisions in the section relating to the particular working platform to be operated.

(C) Emergency action plan procedures required in paragraph (e)(9) of this section.

(D) Work procedures required in paragraph (i)(1)(iv) of this section.

(E) Personal fall arrest system inspection, care, use and system performance.

(i) and (j)

8 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

(iii) Training of employees in the operation and inspection of working platforms shall be done by a competent person.

(iv) Written work procedures for the operation, safe use and inspection of working platforms shall be provided for employee training. Pictorial methods of instruction may be used, in lieu of written work procedures, if employee communication is improved using this method. The operating manuals supplied by manufacturers for platform system components can serve as the basis for these procedures.

(v) The employer shall certify that employees have been trained in operating and inspecting a working platform by preparing a certification record which includes the identity of the person trained, the signature of the employer or the person who conducted the training and the date that training was completed. The certification record shall be prepared at the completion of the training required in paragraph (i)(1)(ii) of this section, and shall be maintained in a file for the duration of the employee’s employment. The certification record shall be kept readily available for review by the Assistant Secretary of Labor or the Assistant Secretary’s representative.

(2) Use

(i) Working platforms shall not be loaded in excess of the rated load, as stated on the platform load rating plate.

(ii) Employees shall be prohibited from working on snow, ice, or other slippery material covering platforms, except for the removal of such materials.

(iii) Adequate precautions shall be taken to protect the platform, wire ropes and life lines from damage due to acids or other corrosive substances, in accordance with the recommendations of the corrosive substance producer, supplier, platform manufacturer or other equivalent information sources.

Platform members which have been exposed to acids or other corrosive substances shall be washed down with a neutralizing solution, at a frequency recommended by the corrosive substance producer or supplier.

(iv) Platform members, wire ropes and life lines shall be protected when using a heat producing process. Wire ropes and life lines which have been contacted by the heat producing process shall be considered to be permanently damaged and shall not be used.

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 9

(v) The platform shall not be operated in winds in excess of 25 miles per hour (40.2 km/hr) except to move it from an operating to a storage position. Wind speed shall be determined based on the best available information, which includes on-site anemometer readings and local weather forecasts which predict wind velocities for the area.

(vi) On exterior installations, an anemometer shall be mounted on the platform to provide information of on-site wind velocities prior to and during the use of the platform. The anemometer may be a portable (hand held) unit which is temporarily mounted during platform use.

(vii) Tools, materials and debris not related to the work in progress shall not be allowed to accumulate on platforms.

Stabilizer ties shall be located so as to allow unencumbered passage along the full length of the platform and shall be of such length so as not to become entangled in rollers, hoists or other machinery.

(j) Personal fall protection . Employees on working platforms shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system meeting the requirements of appendix C, section I, of this standard, and as otherwise provided by this standard.

Appendix C to 1910.66 — Personal fall arrest system

Section I (Mandatory)

(e) Care and Use

(9) Before using a personal fall arrest system, and after any component or system is changed, employees shall be trained in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 1910.66(i)(1), in the safe use of the system.

10 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

Subpart G – Occupational Health and Environmental Control

1910.95 Occupational noise exposure

(i) Hearing protectors

(4) The employer shall provide training in the use and care of all hearing protectors provided to employees.

(k) Training program

(1) The employer shall institute a training program for all employees who are exposed to noise at or above an 8-hour time weighted average of 85 decibels, and shall ensure employee participation in such program.

(2) The training program shall be repeated annually for each employee included in the hearing conservation program. Information provided in the training program shall be updated to be consistent with changes in protective equipment and work processes.

(3) The employer shall ensure that each employee is informed of the following:

(i) The effects of noise on hearing;

(ii) The purpose of hearing protectors, the advantages, disadvantages, and attenuation of various types, and instructions on selection, fitting, use, and care; and

(iii) The purpose of audiometric testing, and an explanation of the test procedures.

(l) Access to Information and Training Materials

(1) The employer shall make available to affected employees or their representatives copies of this standard and shall also post a copy in the workplace.

(2) The employer shall provide to affected employees any informational materials pertaining to the standard that are supplied to the employer by the Assistant Secretary.

(3) The employer shall provide, upon request, all materials related to the employer’s training and education program pertaining to this standard to the Assistant Secretary and the Director.

(i)(4);

(k) and (l)

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 11

Subpart H – Hazardous Materials

1910.106 Flammable liquids

(b) Tank storage

(5) Supports, foundations, and anchorage for all tank locations –

(vi) Flood areas. Where a tank is located in an area that may be subjected to flooding, the applicable precautions outlined in this subdivision shall be observed.

(v) Inspections. The Assistant Secretary or his designated representative shall make periodic inspections of all plants where the storage of flammable liquids is such as to require compliance with the foregoing requirements, in order to assure the following:

(2) That detailed printed instructions of what to do in flood emergencies are properly posted.

(3) That station operators and other employees depended upon to carry out such instructions are thoroughly informed as to the location and operation of such valves and other equipment necessary to effect these requirements.

1910.109 Explosive and blasting agents

(d) Transportation of explosives

(3) Operation of transportation vehicles.

(i) Vehicles transporting explosives shall only be driven by and be in the charge of a driver who is familiar with the traffic regulations, State laws, and the provisions of this section.

(iii) Every motor vehicle transporting any quantity of Class A or Class B explosives shall, at all times, be attended by a driver or other attendant of the motor carrier. This attendant shall have been made aware of the class of the explosive material in the vehicle and of its inherent dangers, and shall have been instructed in the measures and procedures to be followed in order to protect the public from those dangers.

He shall have been made familiar with the vehicle he is assigned, and shall be trained, supplied with the necessary means, and authorized to move the vehicle when required.

(b)(5)(vi)(v)

(2) and (3)

(d)(3)(i) and (iii), (g)(3)(iii) (a), (g)(6)(ii), and (h)(4)(ii)(b)

12 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

(g) Blasting agents

(3) Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles.

(iii) Operation of bulk delivery vehicles shall conform to the requirements of this subdivision. These include the placarding requirements as specified by Department of Transportation.

(a) The operator shall be trained in the safe operation of the vehicle together with its mixing, conveying, and related equipment. The employer shall assure that the operator is familiar with the commodities being delivered and the general procedure for handling emergency situations.

(6) Transportation of packaged blasting agents.

(ii) Vehicles transporting blasting agents shall only be driven by and be in the charge of a driver in possession of a valid motor vehicle operator’s license. Such a person shall also be familiar with the State’s vehicle and traffic laws.

(h) Water gel (Slurry) explosives and blasting agents

(4) Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles.

(ii) Operation of bulk delivery and mixing vehicles shall comply with the requirements of this subdivision.

(b) The operator shall be trained in the safe operation of the vehicle together with its mixing, conveying, and related equipment. He shall be familiar with the commodities being delivered and the general procedure for handling emergency situations.

1910.110 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases

(b) Basic rules

(16) Instructions. Personnel performing installation, removal, operation, and maintenance work shall be properly trained in such functions.

(d) Storage systems using containers other than DOT containers

(12) General provisions applicable to systems in industrial plants (of

2,000 gallons water capacity and more) and to bulk filling plants.

(i) When standard watch service is provided, it shall be extended to the LP-Gas installation and personnel properly trained.

(b)(16), (d)(12)(i)

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 13

1910.111 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia

(b) Basic rules . This paragraph applies to all paragraphs of this section unless otherwise noted.

(13) Tank car unloading points and operations

(ii) The employer shall insure that unloading operations are performed by reliable persons properly instructed and given the authority to monitor careful compliance with all applicable procedures.

1910.119 Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals

(g) Training

(1) Initial training.

(i) Each employee presently involved in operating a process, and each employee before being involved in operating a newly assigned process, shall be trained in an overview of the process and in the operating procedures as specified in paragraph (f) of this section. The training shall include emphasis on the specific safety and health hazards, emergency operations including shutdown, and safe work practices applicable to the employee’s job tasks.

(ii) In lieu of initial training for those employees already involved in operating a process on May 26, 1992, an employer may certify in writing that the employee has the required knowledge, skills, and abilities to safely carry out the duties and responsibilities as specified in the operating procedures.

(2) Refresher training. Refresher training shall be provided at least every three years, and more often if necessary, to each employee involved in operating a process to assure that the employee understands and adheres to the current operating procedures of the process. The employer, in consultation with the employees involved in operating the process, shall determine the appropriate frequency of refresher training.

(3) Training documentation. The employer shall ascertain that each employee involved in operating a process has received and understood the training required by this paragraph. The employer shall prepare a record which contains the identity of the employee, the date of training, and the means used to verify that the employee understood the training.

(b)(13)(ii)

(g), (h)(3)(i) through (iv), and (j)(3)

14 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

(h) Contractors

(3) Contract employer responsibilities.

(i) The contract employer shall assure that each contract employee is trained in the work practices necessary to perform his/her job.

(ii) The contract employer shall assure that each contract employee is instructed in the known potential fire, explosion, or toxic release hazards related to his/her job and the process, and the applicable provisions of the emergency action plan.

(iii) The contract employer shall document that each contract employee has received and understood the training required by this paragraph. The contract employer shall prepare a record which contains the identity of the contract employee, the date of training, and the means used to verify that the employee understood the training.

(iv) The contract employer shall assure that each contract employee follows the safety rules of the facility including the safe work practices required by paragraph (f)(4) of this section.

(j) Mechanical integrity

(3) Training for process maintenance activities. The employer shall train each employee involved in maintaining the ongoing integrity of process equipment in an overview of that process and its hazards and in the procedures applicable to the employee’s job tasks to assure that the employee can perform the job tasks in a safe manner.

1910.120 Hazardous waste operations and emergency response

(e) Training

(1) General.

(i) All employees working on site (such as but not limited to equipment operators, general laborers and others) exposed to hazardous substances, health hazards, or safety hazards and their supervisors and management responsible for the site shall receive training meeting the requirements of this paragraph before they are permitted to engage in hazardous waste operations that could expose them to hazardous substances, safety, or health hazards, and they shall receive review training as specified in this paragraph.

(e)(1) through (9); (o)(1);

(p)(7); (p)(8)(iii);

(q)(4) through

(8), and (11)

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 15

(ii) Employees shall not be permitted to participate in or supervise field activities until they have been trained to a level required by their job function and responsibility.

(2) Elements to be covered. The training shall thoroughly cover the following:

(i) Names of personnel and alternates responsible for site safety and health;

(ii) Safety, health and other hazards present on the site;

(iii) Use of personal protective equipment;

(iv) Work practices by which the employee can minimize risks from hazards;

(v) Safe use of engineering controls and equipment on the site;

(vi) Medical surveillance requirements, including recognition of symptoms and signs which might indicate overexposure to hazards; and

(vii) The contents of paragraphs (G) through (J) of the site safety and health plan set forth in paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section.

(3) Initial training.

(i) General site workers (such as equipment operators, general laborers and supervisory personnel) engaged in hazardous substance removal or other activities which expose or potentially expose workers to hazardous substances and health hazards shall receive a minimum of 40 hours of instruction off the site, and a minimum of three days actual field experience under the direct supervision of a trained, experienced supervisor.

(ii) Workers on site only occasionally for a specific limited task (such as, but not limited to, ground water monitoring, land surveying, or geophysical surveying) and who are unlikely to be exposed over permissible exposure limits and published exposure limits shall receive a minimum of 24 hours of instruction off the site, and the minimum of one day actual field experience under the direct supervision of a trained, experienced supervisor.

(iii) Workers regularly on site who work in areas which have been monitored and fully characterized indicating that exposures are under permissible exposure limits and published exposure limits where respirators are not necessary, and the

16 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards characterization indicates that there are no health hazards or the possibility of an emergency developing, shall receive a minimum of 24 hours of instruction off the site and the minimum of one day actual field experience under the direct supervision of a trained, experienced supervisor.

(iv) Workers with 24 hours of training who are covered by paragraphs (e)(3)(ii) and (e)(3)(iii) of this section, and who become general site workers or who are required to wear respirators, shall have the additional 16 hours and two days of training necessary to total the training specified in paragraph (e)(3)(i).

(4) Management and supervisor training. On-site management and supervisors directly responsible for, or who supervise employees engaged in, hazardous waste operations shall receive 40 hours initial training, and three days of supervised field experience (the training may be reduced to 24 hours and one day if the only area of their responsibility is employees covered by paragraphs (e)(3)(ii) and (e)(3)(iii)) and at least eight additional hours of specialized training at the time of job assignment on such topics as, but not limited to, the employer’s safety and health program and the associated employee training program, personal protective equipment program, spill containment program, and health hazard monitoring procedure and techniques.

(5) Qualifications for trainers. Trainers shall be qualified to instruct employees about the subject matter that is being presented in training. Such trainers shall have satisfactorily completed a training program for teaching the subjects they are expected to teach, or they shall have the academic credentials and instructional experience necessary for teaching the subjects.

Instructors shall demonstrate competent instructional skills and knowledge of the applicable subject matter.

(6) Training certification. Employees and supervisors that have received and successfully completed the training and field experience specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this section shall be certified by their instructor or the head instructor and trained supervisor as having successfully completed the necessary training.

A written certificate shall be given to each person so certified. Any person who has not been so certified or who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(9) of this section shall be prohibited from engaging in hazardous waste operations.

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 17

(7) Emergency response. Employees who are engaged in responding to hazardous emergency situations at hazardous waste cleanup sites that may expose them to hazardous substances shall be trained in how to respond to such expected emergencies.

(8) Refresher training. Employees specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section, and managers and supervisors specified in paragraph (e)

(4) of this section, shall receive eight hours of refresher training annually on the items specified in paragraph (e)(2) and/or (e)(4) of this section, critiques of incidents that have occurred in the past year that can serve as training examples of any related work, and other relevant topics.

(9) Equivalent training. Employers who can show by documentation or certification that an employee’s work experience and/or training has resulted in training equivalent to that training required in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this section shall not be required to provide the initial training requirements of those paragraphs to such employees and shall provide a copy of the certification or documentation to the employee upon request.

However, certified employees or employees with equivalent training new to a site shall receive appropriate, site specific training before site entry and have appropriate supervised field experience at the new site. Equivalent training includes any academic training or the training that existing employees might have already received from actual hazardous waste site experience.

(o) New technology programs

(1) The employer shall develop and implement procedures for the introduction of effective new technologies and equipment developed for the improved protection of employees working with hazardous waste clean-up operations, and the same shall be implemented as part of the site safety and health program to assure that employee protection is being maintained.

(p) Certain Operations Conducted Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA) . Employers conducting operations at treatment, storage and disposal (TSD) facilities specified in paragraph (a)(1)(iv) of this section shall provide and implement the programs specified in this paragraph. See the “Notes and Exceptions” to paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section for employers not covered.

18 Training Requirements in OSHA Standards

(7) Training Program.

(i) New employees. The employer shall develop and implement a training program, which is part of the employer’s safety and health program, for employees exposed to health hazards or hazardous substances at TSD operations to enable the employees to perform their assigned duties and functions in a safe and healthful manner so as not to endanger themselves or other employees. The initial training shall be for 24 hours and refresher training shall be for eight hours annually.

Employees who have received the initial training required by this paragraph shall be given a written certificate attesting that they have successfully completed the necessary training.

(ii) Current employees. Employers who can show by an employee’s previous work experience and/or training that the employee has had training equivalent to the initial training required by this paragraph, shall be considered as meeting the initial training requirements of this paragraph as to that employee. Equivalent training includes the training that existing employees might have already received from actual site work experience. Current employees shall receive eight hours of refresher training annually.

(iii) Trainers. Trainers who teach initial training shall have satisfactorily completed a training course for teaching the subjects they are expected to teach or they shall have the academic credentials and instruction experience necessary to demonstrate a good command of the subject matter of the courses and competent instructional skills.

(8) Emergency Response Program.

(iii) Training.

(A) Training for emergency response employees shall be completed before they are called upon to perform in real emergencies. Such training shall include the elements of the emergency response plan, standard operating procedures the employer has established for the job, the personal protective equipment to be worn and procedures for handling emergency incidents.

Note: Exception #1: An employer need not train all employees to the degree specified if the employer divides the work force in a manner such

Training Requirements in OSHA Standards 19 that a sufficient number of employees who have responsibility to control emergencies have the training specified, and all other employees, who may first respond to an emergency incident, have sufficient awareness training to recognize that an emergency response situation exists and that they are instructed in that case to summon the fully trained employees and not attempt control activities for which they are not trained.

Note: Exception #2: An employer need not train all employees to the degree specified if arrangements have been made in advance for an outside fully trained emergency response team to respond in a reasonable period and all employees, who may come to the incident first, have sufficient awareness training to recognize that an emergency response situation exists and they have been instructed to call the designated outside,…