NFPA 85 Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code 2015.pdf

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NFPA

Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code

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4451761

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NFPA and National Fire Pr

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NFPA® 85

Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code

2015 Edition

This edition of NFPA 85, Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code, was prepared by the Tech-ical Committees on Fluidized Bed Boilers, Fundamentals of Combustion Systems Hazards, Heat ecovery Steam Generators, Multiple Burner Boilers, Pulverized Fuel Systems, Single Burner oilers, and Stoker Operations and released by the Correlating Committee on Boiler Combustion ystem Hazards. It was issued by the Standards Council on November 11, 2014, with an effective ate of December 1, 2014, and supersedes all previous editions.

ATentative Interim Amendment (TIA) to 8.9.2 was issued on November 11, 2014. Errata to .4.2.1.6 and A.6.4.2.1.6 were issued on July 13, 2016. For further information on tentative nterim amendments, see Section 5 of the Regulations Governing the Development of NFPA tandards, available at: http://www.nfpa.org/regs

This edition of NFPA 85 was approved as an American National Standard on December 1, 014.

Origin and Development of NFPA 85 NFPA 85 has a long history of documents that were combined to form the present-day

FPA 85. (See Annex M, which is a flowchart depicting the complex development of FPA 85.) The first of these documents, in 1924, was NBFU 60, “Regulations of the National oard of Fire Underwriters for the Installation of Pulverized Fuel Systems as Recommended y the National Fire Protection Association,” which changed from an NBFU/NFPA document o an NFPA code in 1946.

The 2001 edition of NFPA 85 was a compilation of the following six standards:

NFPA 8501, Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation NFPA 8502, Standard for the Prevention of Furnace Explosions/Implosions in Multiple Burner Boilers NFPA 8503, Standard for Pulverized Fuel Systems NFPA 8504, Standard on Atmospheric Fluidized-Bed Boiler Operation NFPA 8505, Standard for Stoker Operation NFPA 8506, Standard on Heat Recovery Steam Generator Systems In the 2001 edition, significant new material was added for multiple burner boilers, includ-ng requirements for reburn systems. For heat recovery steam generators, the minimum urge flow requirements prior to starting the combustion turbine were reduced.

The 2004 edition was reorganized to provide administrative requirements in Chapters 1, 2, nd 3 and common requirements in Chapter 4, Fundamentals of Boiler Combustion Systems.

ubsequent chapters covered the specific requirements for each of the boiler and combus-ion systems covered by the document. The 2004 edition also provided new requirements that ddressed selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems for multiple burner boilers.

In the 2007 edition, Annex M was added to assist users to better understand the complex evelopment of what is now known as NFPA 85. Chapter 4 in the 2007 edition also included ew requirements for flue gas path auxiliary systems and flame proving, along with support-ng annex material.

The 2007 edition recognized the use of valve proving systems for single burner boilers in hapter 5. Furnace structural design requirements for multiple burner boilers were added to hapter 6 and account for the impact of booster fans. Implosion protection was clarified as ot being required on units that have no fan in the flue gas stream downstream of the boiler.

n conjunction with those changes, a definition of booster fan was added to Chapter 3. New equirements for flue gas path auxiliary systems were added to Chapters 6 and 7 for multiple urner boilers and fluidized-bed boilers, respectively. New requirements were added for ance and burner safety shutoff valves on fluidized-bed boilers.

ff22-698c-46e7-87db-eba3b3d733 otection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.

85–2 BOILER AND COMBUSTION SYSTEMS HAZARDS CODE

Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and download on 10/04/2017 to Veterans Health Administration. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org. This NFCSS All Access subscription expires on April 30, 2018.

The scope of Chapter 8 was expanded in the 2007 edition from heat recovery steam generators to include other combustion turbine exhaust systems that present similar fire and explosion hazards, including those with no heat recovery. The definition of combustion turbine exhaust systems was added to Chapter 3, and other changes were made throughout the code as required for consistency. Additional combustion turbine interlocks were added to ensure fuel gas in-leakage does not occur during the combustion turbine purge and that excessive fuel is not introduced during combustion turbine light-off.

The 2011 edition incorporated a renumbering and reorganization of Chapter 4 to make it easier to use and cite. In addition, Chapter 4 expanded requirements and annex guidance for burner management systems to describe the types of signals and transmitters used to initiate safety alarms and interlocks and how those signals should be moni-tored for reliability. Chapter 4 was updated with modified requirements for continuous trend display for single burner boilers to require only those parameters critical to operation.

A definition of combustion turbine purge credit was added to Chapter 3, and requirements for the credit to Chapter 8, in the 2011 edition. The combustion turbine purge credit enables designers and operators to establish and maintain a “purged” condition for HRSGs for an extended period of time between restarts.

Guidance was also added to Annex A of the 2011 edition regarding flue gas analyzers in Chapters 5, 6, and 7 concerning the potential for certain types to provide a source of ignition during startup. In Chapter 6, which addresses multiple burner boilers, the “all fan trip” purge requirements were revised for clarity and to improve the safety of that procedure.

The 2015 edition incorporates new requirements in Chapter 4 for safely purging fuel gas piping systems, both into and out of service. The coverage in NFPA 85 begins at the newly defined equipment isolation valve. All gas- and liquid fuel–fired boilers are required to be installed with an identifiable equipment isolation valve that demarcates equip-ment within the scope of NFPA 85 from piping and equipment within the scope of other codes and standards, such as NFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code, or ASME B31.1, Power Piping. The new purge requirements contain provisions address-ing piping and equipment, both upstream and downstream of the equipment isolation valve.

Several provisions have been relocated from Chapter 6, Multiple Burner Boilers, to Chapter 4, General Require-ments, so that they apply to all equipment under the scope of NFPA 85, including conducting a process hazard analysis for unattended operation, restrictions on removing interlocks from service during startup or operation, and prevent-ing the flow of flue gases from a common stack into an idle boiler or HRSG. A provision has been added to Chapter 5 to exempt some single burner boilers from the process hazard analysis.

The 2015 edition recognizes the use of safety-rated programmable logic controllers for use with single burner boilers where they are certified as at least SIL 3 capable according to IEC 61508, Functional Safety of Electrical/Electronic Programmable Electronic Safety-Related Systems.

Chapter 9, Pulverized Fuel Systems, has been completely rewritten in the 2015 edition to separate requirements for direct-fired and indirect-fired systems to assist users in identifying and applying requirements for specific equipment.

The requirements for indirect-fired systems have been greatly expanded and clarified so that the chapter is easier to apply to the unique hazards related to those types of systems. In addition, the “strength of equipment” requirements have been modified to recognize that the 344 kPa (50 psi) pressure threshold is really a maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) and that this MAWP is associated with pulverized fuel having Pmax of 10 bar-g (145 psig) or less, as identified in NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems. Chapter 9 has been updated to reflect the new terminol-ogy and methodology.

Finally, the annex material has been reorganized in the 2015 edition so that all supplemental information on stokers is contained in a single annex (Annex F) and all supplemental information on fluidized-bed boilers also is contained in a single annex (Annex D).

{3e0bff22-698c-46e7-87db-eba3b3d7337a 015 Edition

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{3 Correlating Committee on Boiler Combustion System Hazards

Michael C. Polagye, Chair

FM Global, MA [I] arry J. Basile, Babcock Power, Inc., MA [M] red P. Buckingham, MPR Associates, Inc., TX [SE] avid Paul Cannon, Hurst Technologies, TX [SE] evin Colloton, Rockwell Automation, WI [M] avid S. Eason, Detroit Edison Company, MI [U] oseph E. Fehr, Sega, Inc., KS [SE] onald J. Fleming, ABB Incorporated, OH [M] ordon G. Gaetke, The Dow Chemical Company, X [U] avid W. King, American Electric Power Corporation, H [U] asaaki Kinoshita, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., apan [M] Alternates

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Burns & McDonnell Engineering arc L. Hunter, Synergy Systems Inc., IL [SE]

-87d Gail J. Lance, Babcock & Wilcox Company, OH [M] Dennis P. Mason, AEGIS Insurance Services, MI [I] Jerry J. Moskal, ALSTOM Power Inc., CT [M] Jimmie J. Schexnayder, Entergy Corporation, LA [U] Celso G. Schmidt, UTC/Forney Corporation, TX [M] Justin D. Voss, AES Corporation, MO [U] Peter J. Willse, XL Global Asset Protection Services, CT [I]

Henry K. Wong, URS Corporation E&C, NJ [SE] Harold R. Yates, Boiler Systems Consulting, LLC, MI [SE]

Allan J. Zadiraka, Akron, OH [SE] avid E. Dexter, The Dow Chemical Company, LA [U] (Alt. to G. G. Gaetke) arrell E. Dorman, Babcock Power, Inc., MA [M] (Alt. to B. J. Basile) ames E. Franks, XL Global Asset Protection Services, N [I]

(Alt. to P. J. Willse) Tetsuya “Terry” Fujino, Mitsubishi Power Systems Americaq, CA [M]

(Alt. to M. Kinoshita) John P. O’Rourke, ALSTOM Power Inc., CT [M]

(Alt. to J. J. Moskal) ohn C. deRuyter, The DuPont Company, Inc., DE [U] Rep. TC on Stoker Operations ale E. Dressel, Solutia, a subsidiary of Eastman hemical Company, MO [U]

Rep. TC on Single Burner Boilers ale P. Evely, Southern Company Services, Inc., AL [U]

Rep. TC on Fundamentals of Combustion Systems Hazards wight G. Hyche, Swiss Re America Holding orporation, MS [I]

Rep. TC on Heat Recovery Steam Generators e0bff22-698c-46e7 Donald L. Lueckenotte, Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, MO [SE]

Rep. TC on Fluidized Bed Boilers William A. (Andy) Smith, Global Risk Consultants Corporation, GA [SE]

Rep. TC on Pulverized Fuel Systems Michael A. Walz, Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, MO [SE]

Rep. TC on Multiple Burner Boilers b-eba3b3d7337a} enise Beach, NFPA Staff Liaison his list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, hanges in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

OTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or ny document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

ommittee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the reduction of ombustion system hazards in single-burner boilers, multiple-burner boilers, and stoker-fired boilers with a eat input rate of 12,500,000 Btu/hr and above. This includes all fuels. This Committee also is responsible or documents on the reduction of hazards in pulverized fuel systems, fluidized-bed boilers, and heat recov-ry steam generators and other combustion turbine exhaust systems at any heat input rate.

Technical Committee on Fluidized Bed Boilers

Donald L. Lueckenotte, Chair

Company, MO [SE] . K. Chelian, Foster Wheeler Power Group, Inc., NJ [M] oseph N. Darguzas, EnviroPower, LLC, IL [IM] arl A. Dunn, WorleyParsons, PA [SE] helton Ehrlich, Palo Alto, CA [SE] obert M. Herdman, ABB Automation Inc., OH [M] Vic L. Jones, Merrick Industries Inc., FL [M] David L. Kraft, Babcock & Wilcox Company, OH [M] Paul H. Miller, Southern Company Services, AL [U] Dave Pickles, Nova Scotia Power Inc., Canada [U] Thomas Wassel, Adolfson & Peterson, NC [U] 2015 Edition

85–4 BOILER AND COMBUSTION SYSTEMS HAZARDS CODE

Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and download on 10/04/2017 to Veterans Health Administration. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org. This NFCSS All Access subscription expires on April 30, 2018.

Alternates John Dehner, Merrick Industries Inc., FL [M] (Alt. to V. L. Jones)

Kevin M. Estes, Foster Wheeler Power Group, Inc., FL [M]

(Alt. to P. K. Chelian)

Denise Beach, NFPA Staff Liaison

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(Alt. to B. L. Smith, Jr.)

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7-87 John P. O’Rourke, ALSTOM Power Inc., CT [M] (Voting Alt. to ALSTOM rep.)

his list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, hanges in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

OTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or ny document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

ommittee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the operation and eduction of combustion system hazards and the prevention of boiler furnace explosions of fluidized-bed oilers. This includes all fuels at any heat input rate.

Technical Committee on Fundamentals of Combustion Systems Hazards

Dale P. Evely, Chair Southern Company Services, Inc., AL [U]

Bryan R. Baesel, Eclipse/CEC Combustion Safety, Inc., OH [SE]

Barry J. Basile, Babcock Power, Inc., MA [M] Michael Cazabon, The Dow Corning Company, TX [U] Robert Dobbins, Zurich North America, NC [I] John D. Eley, GN Electronics Inc., IL [M] Mark T. Fecke, Exponent, Inc., IL [SE] Joseph E. Fehr, Sega, Inc., KS [SE] James E. Franks, XL Global Asset Protection Services, TN [I] John S. Gilbert, Chubb Group of Insurance Companies, NY [I]

Jack R. Huett, AES Corporation/AES Global Insurance, VA [I]

Ted Jablkowski, Fives North American Combustion, Inc., CT [M]

John F. Kane, The DuPont Company, NC [U] David W. King, American Electric Power Corporation, OH [U]

{3e0bff22-698c-46e Randy J. Kleen, General Electric Company, TX [M] Gail J. Lance, Babcock & Wilcox Company, OH [M] Dennis P. Mason, AEGIS Insurance Services, MI [I] Glenn A. Raney, Invensys Operations Management, TX [M] Mark A. Ratcliffe, BP Americas Inc., TX [U] Roy Reeves, Emerson Process Management, PA [M] Celso G. Schmidt, UTC/Forney Corporation, TX [M] Bill L. Smith, Jr., Exothermic Engineering, LLC, MO

[SE]

William A. (Andy) Smith, Global Risk Consultants Corporation, GA [SE] Franklin R. Switzer, Jr., S-afe, Inc., NY [SE] Michael A. Walz, Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, MO [SE] Harold R. Yates, Boiler Systems Consulting, LLC, MI

[SE]

Allan J. Zadiraka, Akron, OH [SE] db-eba3b3d7337a Joseph E. Bittinger, Jr., American Electric Power Corporation, OH [U]

(Alt. to D. W. King) Darrell E. Dorman, Babcock Power, Inc., MA [M]

(Alt. to B. J. Basile) H. Mark Ezekiel, Southern Company Generation, AL [U]

(Alt. to D. P. Evely) Richard A. Gallagher, Zurich Services Corporation, DE [I]

(Alt. to R. Dobbins) Steven V. Graf, Emerson Process Management, PA [M]

(Alt. to R. Reeves) Jack T. Lehman, Exothermic Engineering LLC, NE [SE] Richard T. Long, Exponent, Inc., MD [SE] (Alt. to M. T. Fecke)

Daniel R. May, Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, MO [SE]

(Alt. to M. A. Walz) Gahan Mullen, BP Americas, Inc., TX [U]

(Alt. to M. A. Ratcliffe) Norm Pond, Babcock & Wilcox Company, OH [M]

(Alt. to G. J. Lance) Harley M. Ross, General Electric Company, TX [M]

(Alt. to R. J. Kleen) William M. Rucki, Fives North American Combustion, Inc., OH [M] (Alt. to T. Jablkowski)

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Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and download on 10/04/2017 to Veterans Health Administration. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org. This NFCSS All Access subscription expires on April 30, 2018.

{3 Nonvoting arlos Lasarte, Combustion, Energia & Ambiente, C.A., enezuela [U] enise Beach, NFPA Staff Liaison T c

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C o o his list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, hanges in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

OTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or ny document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

ommittee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents or portions of docu-ents on fundamentals, maintenance, inspection, training, and safety for the reduction of combustion ystem hazards. Fundamentals shall specifically include definitions, furnace explosion/implosion preven-ion, manufacture, design and engineering, installation, coordination of design, construction and opera-ion, basic operating objectives, equipment requirements, and commissioning.

Technical Committee on Heat Recovery Steam Generators

Dwight G. Hyche, Chair Swiss Re America Holding Corporation, MS [I]

Harold Honath, Secretary

Coen Company, Inc., CA [M]

-87d onald W. Bairley, Alstom Power Inc., CT [M] obert R. Balsbaugh, Burns & McDonnell Engineering ompany, MO [SE] ohn Burney, Progress Energy, FL [U] iguel Cancelado, Siemens Energy, FL [M] avid Paul Cannon, Hurst Technologies, TX [SE] edja Drndarevic, Technical Standards and Safety uthority, Canada [E] ale P. Evely, Southern Company Services, Inc., AL

U] ordon G. Gaetke, The Dow Chemical Company, X [U] teven V. Graf, Emerson Process Management, PA [M] avid J. Hinshaw, Dynegy, Inc., NY [U] avid W. King, American Electric Power Corporation, H [U] e0bff22-698c-46e7 Alternates Randy J. Kleen, General Electric Company, TX [M] Steven A. Meierotto, Nooter Eriksen, MO [M] Windy M. Muehleisen, UTC/Forney Corporation, TX [M]

Michael C. Polagye, FM Global, MA [I] George N. Pyros, Mitsibushi Power Systems Americas, FL [M]

Jimmie J. Schexnayder, Entergy Corporation, LA [U] Joseph M. Vavrek, Sargent & Lundy, LLC, IL [SE] James P. Walawender, Black & Veatch Corporation, KS [SE]

Bruce J. Wertz, Power Plant Management Consulting

LLC, GA [SE]

Ilya Yarinovsky, Bechtel Corporation, MD [SE] b-eba3b3d7337a} avid E. Dexter, The Dow Chemical Company, LA [U] (Alt. to G. G. Gaetke) artin Fry, Coen Company, Inc., CA [M] (Alt. to H. Honath) dam J. Kuentzler, Nooter Eriksen, MO [M] (Alt. to S. A. Meierotto) hristopher J. Lech, Alstom Power Inc., CT [M] (Alt. to D. W. Bairley) arrison B. Manning, Southern Company Services, Inc., L [U]

(Alt. to D. P. Evely) Roy Reeves, Emerson Process Management, PA [M] (Alt. to S. V. Graf)

Ronald Rispoli, Entergy Corporation, AR [U] (Alt. to J. J. Schexnayder)

Harley M. Ross, General Electric Company, TX [M] (Alt. to R. J. Kleen)

Karen Whitehead, Black & Veatch Corporation, KS [SE] (Alt. to J. P. Walawender) enise Beach, NFPA Staff Liaison his list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, hanges in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

OTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or ny document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

ommittee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents covering the operation f heat recovery steam generators and other combustion turbine exhaust systems, and the related reduction f combustion system hazards and prevention of explosions. This includes all fuels at any heat input rate.

85–6 BOILER AND COMBUSTION SYSTEMS HAZARDS CODE

Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and download on 10/04/2017 to Veterans Health Administration. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org. This NFCSS All Access subscription expires on April 30, 2018.

Technical Committee on Multiple Burner Boilers

Michael A. Walz, Chair

Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, MO [SE] Barry J. Basile, Babcock Power, Inc., MA [M] Frank J. Bennett, NRG Energy, MD [U] John E. Bollinger, Babcock & Wilcox Company, OH [M] Dale E. Dressel, Solutia, a subsidiary of Eastman Chemical Company, MO [U] John J. Eibl, The DuPont Company, Inc., TN [U] Robert F. Eng, Hitachi Power Systems America, Ltd., NJ [M]

Dale P. Evely, Southern Company Services, Inc., AL [U] Joseph E. Fehr, Sega, Inc., KS [SE] Kenneth Joe Frazier, Salt River Project , AZ [U] Gordon G. Gaetke, The Dow Chemical Company, TX [U]

Kris A. Gamble, Black & Veatch Corporation, KS [SE] Richard Kimball, HF Controls Corporation, TX [M] David W. King, American Electric Power Corporation, OH [U]

Alternates

Nonvoting

Denise Beach, NFPA Staff Liaison

T c

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015 Edition

7-87 Daniel J. Lee, ABB Incorporated, OH [M] W. Scott Matz, Invensys Process Systems, TX [M] John P. O’Rourke, Alstom Power Inc., CT [M] Michael C. Polagye, FM Global, MA [I] Thomas D. Russell, Honeywell, Inc., TX [M] Jimmie J. Schexnayder, Entergy Corporation, LA [U] Celso G. Schmidt, UTC/Forney Corporation, TX [M] Bill L. Smith, Jr., Exothermic Engineering, LLC, MO [SE]

Franklin R. Switzer, Jr., S-afe, Inc., NY [SE] Joseph M. Vavrek, Sargent & Lundy, LLC, IL [SE] Peter J. Willse, XL Global Asset Protection Services, CT [I]

Henry K. Wong, URS Corporation E&C, NJ [SE] Harold R. Yates, Boiler Systems Consulting, LLC, MI

[SE]

Allan J. Zadiraka, Akron, OH [SE]

Joseph E. Bittinger, Jr., American Electric Power Corporation, OH [U]

(Alt. to D. W. King) John C. deRuyter, The DuPont Company, Inc., DE [U]

(Alt. to J. J. Eibl) David E. Dexter, The Dow Chemical Company, LA [U]

(Alt. to G. G. Gaetke) Ronald J. Fleming, ABB Incorporated, OH [M]

(Alt. to D. J. Lee) James E. Franks, XL Global Asset Protection Services, TN [I]

(Alt. to P. J. Willse) Jack T. Lehman, Exothermic Engineering LLC, NE [SE]

(Alt. to B. L. Smith, Jr.)

Roger Lesaca, Hitachi Power Systems America, NJ [M]

(Alt. to R. F. Eng) Daniel R. May, Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, MO [SE]

(Alt. to M. A. Walz)

{3e0bff22-698c-46e Lalit M. Mehta, Honeywell/Iris Systems Inc., CA [M] (Alt. to T. D. Russell)

Thomas J. Murphy, Babcock Power Inc., MA [M] (Alt. to B. J. Basile)

Jeff Parker, Salt River Project, AZ [U] (Alt. to K. J. Frazier)

Ronald Rispoli, Entergy Corporation, AR [U] (Alt. to J. J. Schexnayder)

Steven T. Riviere, Southern Company Services, Inc., GA [U]

(Alt. to D. P. Evely) Carlos Santos, Jr., Invensys Foxboro Systems, TX [M]

(Alt. to W. S. Matz) Gary J. Shrider, Babcock & Wilcox Company, OH [M]

(Alt. to J. E. Bollinger) John A. Stevens, HF Controls Corporation, TX [M]

(Alt. to R. Kimball) James P. Walawender, Black & Veatch Corporation, KS [SE]

(Alt. to K. A. Gamble) db-eba3b3d7337a S. Dharmalingam, Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd., India [M] his list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, hanges in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

OTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or ny document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

ommittee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents covering the reduction f combustion system hazards and the prevention of boiler furnace explosions and implosions in multiple urner boilers with a heat input rate of 12,500,000 Btu/hr and above. This includes all fuels.

J C V J D R M Q M

J

A

D

R D J M

D K J C R F A J J J G

85–7COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and download on 10/04/2017 to Veterans Health Administration. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org. This NFCSS All Access subscription expires on April 30, 2018.

{3 Technical Committee on Pulverized Fuel Systems

William A. (Andy) Smith, Chair

Global Risk Consultants Corporation, GA [SE] oseph E. Bittinger, Jr., American Electric Power orporation, OH [U] aughn Boley, Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection Insurance Company, CT [I] ohn C. deRuyter, The DuPont Company, Inc., DE [U] avid S. Eason, Detroit Edison Company, MI [U] ory G. Eastman, Alstom Power Inc., CT [M] ark T. Fecke, Exponent, Inc., IL [SE] ingsheng Lin, Riley Power, Inc./Babcock Power Inc., A [M] Alternates

T c

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C d r

Solutia, a subsidiary of Eastman Chem

. F. (Jerry) Gilman, SIS-Tech, OH [SE] William N. Martin, Babcock & Wilcox Company, OH [M] Jonathan R. Pranitis, Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation, NJ [M] Cleveland B. Skinker, Bechtel Power Corporation, MD [SE]

Erdem A. Ural, Loss Prevention Science & Technologies, Inc., MA [SE] Frederick H. Wehe, Luminant, Big Brown SES, TX [U] ohn C. Dage, Detroit Edison Company, MI [U] (Alt. to D. S. Eason) dam Farnham, Exponent, Inc., WA [SE] (Alt. to M. T. Fecke) Yancy P. McWain, Babcock & Wilcox PGG Inc., OH [M] (Alt. to W. N. Martin) enise Beach, NFPA Staff Liaison his list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, hanges in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

OTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or ny document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

ommittee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the operation and esign requirements for the reduction of hazards associated with pulverized fuel systems at any heat input ate.

Technical Committee on Single Burner Boilers

Dale E. Dressel, Chair e0bff22-698c-46e7-87db-eba3b3d7337a} ical Company, MO [U] onald C. Adcock, Marsh Risk Consulting, AZ [I] avid Bohling, John Zink Company, LLC, CA [M] eff M. Breidenbach, Liberty Mutual Commercial arkets, Property, KY [I]

Rep. Property Casualty Insurers Association of America avid Paul Cannon, Hurst Technologies, TX [SE] evin J. Carlisle, Karl Dungs, Inc., MN [M] ohn T. Connor, Burns & McDonnell Engineering ompany, MO [SE] obert Dobbins, Zurich North America, NC [I] edja Drndarevic, Technical Standards and Safety uthority, Canada [E] ohn J. Eibl, The DuPont Company, Inc., TN [U] ohn D. Eley, GN Electonics Inc., IL [M] oseph E. Fehr, Sega, Inc., KS [SE] Marc L. Hunter, Synergy Systems, Inc., IL [SE] Ted Jablkowski, Fives North American Combustion, Inc., CT [M]

Patrick Jennings, Hartford Steam Boiler, CT [I] Charles G. Keith, Crane Engineering, MN [SE] W. Scott Matz, Invensys Process Systems, TX [M] Bruce L. Mickelson, Honeywell International, Inc., MN [M]

Peter S. Pinto, SCC, Inc., IL [M] Gary J. Shrider, Babcock & Wilcox Company, OH [M] William A. (Andy) Smith, Global Risk Consultants Corporation, GA [SE] Franklin R. Switzer, Jr., S-afe, Inc., NY [SE] Peter J. Willse, XL Global Asset Protection Services, CT [I]

85–8 BOILER AND COMBUSTION SYSTEMS HAZARDS CODE

Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and download on 10/04/2017 to Veterans Health Administration. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org. This NFCSS All Access subscription expires on April 30, 2018.

Alternates Edward A. Fondriest, Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc., OH [M]

(Alt. to G. J. Shrider) James E. Franks, XL Global Asset Protection Services, TN [I]

(Alt. to P. J. Willse) Richard A. Gallagher, Zurich Services Corporation, DE [I]

(Alt. to R. Dobbins) Mark F. Mooney, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, MA [I]

Rep. Casualty Insurers Association of America (Alt. to J. M. Breidenbach) T c

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Inspectors, OH [E]

Alternates

(Alt. to R. S. Morrow)

Denise Beach, NFPA Staff Liaison

T c

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015 Edition

{3e0bff22-698c-46e7-87 Glenn A. Raney, Invensys Operations Management, TX [M]

(Alt. to W. S. Matz) William M. Rucki, Fives North American Combustion, Inc., OH [M]

(Alt. to T. Jablkowski) Octavio Serrano, John Zink Company, LLC, OK [M]

(Alt. to D. Bohling) Mark V. Urda, Synergy Systems Inc., IL [SE]

(Alt. to M. L. Hunter) Mark Waszczak, SCC, Inc., IL [M]

(Alt. to P. S. Pinto) Denise Beach, NFPA Staff Liaison his list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, hanges in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

OTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or ny document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

ommittee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the reduction of ombustion system hazards and the prevention of boiler furnace explosions in single burner boilers with a eat input rate of 12,500,000 Btu/hr and above. This includes all fuels.

Technical Committee on Stoker Operations

John C. deRuyter, Chair The DuPont Company, Inc., DE [U] J. Mike Cantrell, The McBurney Corporation, GA [IM] Andrew K. Dant, NAES Corporation, SC [U] Mark T. Fecke, Exponent, Inc., IL [SE] John Hoh, National Board of Boiler & Pressure Vessel Robert S. Morrow, Detroit Stoker Company, MI [M] Bill L. Smith, Jr., Exothermic Engineering, LLC, MO [SE] db-eba3b3d7337a}

Daniel D. Hill, Detroit Stoker Company, MI [M] his list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, hanges in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

OTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or ny document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

ommittee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents covering the operation f stokers and related fuel burning equipment with a heat input rate of 12,500,000 BTU/hr and above. This ncludes all fuels.

85–9CONTENTS

Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and download on 10/04/2017 to Veterans Health Administration. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org. This NFCSS All Access subscription expires on April 30, 2018.

Contents

Chapter 1 Administration ............................... 85– 11

1.1 Scope ............................................... 85– 11

1.2 Purpose ............................................ 85– 11

1.3 Application ....................................... 85– 11

1.4 Retroactivity ...................................... 85– 12

1.5 Equivalency ....................................... 85– 12

1.6 Enforcement ..................................... 85– 12

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications ................... 85– 12

2.1 General ............................................ 85– 12

2.2 NFPA Publications ............................... 85– 12

2.3 Other Publications .............................. 85– 12

2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory

Sections ............................................ 85– 12

Chapter 3 Definitions .................................... 85– 13

3.1 General ............................................ 85– 13

3.2 NFPA Official Definitions ...................... 85– 13

3.3 General Definitions ............................. 85– 13

Chapter 4 Fundamentals ................................ 85– 19

4.1 Manufacture, Design, and Engineering .... 85– 19

4.2 Installation and Commissioning ............. 85– 19

4.3 Coordination of Design, Construction, and Operation ................................... 85– 19

4.4 Maintenance, Inspection, Training, and

Safety ............................................... 85– 19

4.5 Basic Operating Requirements ............... 85– 20

4.6 Structural Design ................................ 85– 21

4.7 Functional Requirements of

Fuel-Burning System ............................ 85– 21

4.8 Multiple Boilers or HRSGs .................... 85– 22

4.9 Gaseous Vent System Requirements ........ 85– 22

4.10 Fuel System Piping .............................. 85– 22

4.11 Burner Management System Logic ......... 85– 23

4.12 Flame Monitoring and Tripping

Systems ............................................. 85– 24

4.13 Combustion Control System .................. 85– 25

4.14 Power Supplies ................................... 85– 25

4.15 Operating Information ........................ 85– 25

4.16 Selective Catalytic Reduction ................. 85– 26

Chapter 5 Single Burner Boilers ....................... 85– 26

5.1 Application ....................................... 85– 26

5.2 Purpose ............................................ 85– 26

5.3 Unattended Operation ........................ 85– 26

5.4 Equipment Requirements ..................... 85– 26

5.5 Starting of a Cold Boiler ....................... 85– 29

5.6 Operating Systems .............................. 85– 30

5.7 Simultaneous Firing of Oil and Gas

Fuels ................................................ 85– 33

5.8 Simultaneous Firing of Oil and Gas for

Fuel Transfer Only .............................. 85– 38

5.9 Dual Oil Atomizers in a Single Burner ..... 85– 40

{3e0bff22-698c-46e7- Chapter 6 Multiple Burner Boilers .................... 85– 41

6.1 Application ....................................... 85– 41

6.2 Purpose ............................................ 85– 41

6.3 Mechanical Equipment Requirements ..... 85– 41

6.4 Burner Management and Combustion

Control Requirements ......................... 85– 42

6.5 Furnace Implosion Protection ............... 85– 51

6.6 Fuel Gas Systems ................................. 85– 52

6.7 Fuel Oil Systems ................................. 85– 61

6.8 Pulverized Coal Systems ....................... 85– 70

6.9 Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

Systems with Bypass Capability ............... 85– 79

Chapter 7 Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Boilers ..... 85– 79

7.1 Application ....................................... 85– 79

7.2 Purpose ............................................ 85– 79

7.3 General ............................................ 85– 79

7.4 Equipment Requirements ..................... 85– 80

7.5 Furnace Pressure Excursion Prevention ... 85– 86

7.6 Sequence of Operations ....................... 85– 88

7.7 Sequence of Operations for Gas-Fired

Warm-Up Burners ............................... 85– 92

7.8 Sequence of Operations for Oil-Fired

Warm-Up Burners ............................... 85– 98

7.9 Interlock System ................................. 85–105

7.10 Alarm System ..................................... 85–111

Chapter 8 Heat Recovery Steam Generators and Other Combustion Turbine Exhaust Systems ............................. 85–113

8.1 Application ....................................... 85–113

8.2 Purpose ............................................ 85–113

8.3 Project Coordination ........................... 85–113

8.4 Equipment ........................................ 85–113

8.5 HRSG Enclosure and Other

Combustion Turbine Exhaust Systems ............................................. 85–116

8.6 Electrical .......................................... 85–116

8.7 Controls, Monitoring, Alarms, and

Interlocks .......................................... 85–117

8.8 Purge, Start-up, Operation, and

Shutdown of HRSG and Other Combustion Turbine Exhaust Systems ............................................. 85–119

8.9 Combustion Turbine Exhaust Bypass

Systems ............................................ 85–124

8.10 Combustion Turbine and HRSG with

Fresh Air Firing Capability .................... 85–126

8.11 Combustion Turbine Exhaust System ...... 85–127

Chapter 9 Pulverized Fuel Systems ................... 85–128

9.1 Application ....................................... 85–128

9.2 Purpose ............................................ 85–128

9.3 General ............................................ 85–128 db-eba3b3d7337a}

85–10 BOILER AND COMBUSTION SYSTEMS HAZARDS CODE

Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and download on 10/04/2017 to Veterans Health Administration. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org. This NFCSS All Access subscription expires on April 30, 2018.

9.4 Direct-Fired Pulverized Fuel Systems ....... 85–129

9.5 Indirect-Fired Pulverized Fuel Systems ..... 85–133

9.6 Operation ......................................... 85–137

9.7 Special Systems .................................. 85–139

Chapter 10 Stokers ....................................... 85–144

10.1 Purpose ............................................ 85–144

10.2 Fuel-Burning System ............................ 85–144

10.3 Combustion Control System .................. 85–145

10.4 Operation ......................................... 85–145

10.5 Furnace Inspection ............................. 85–147

10.6 On-Line Maintenance .......................... 85–147

10.7 Access Doors or Observation Ports .......... 85–147

10.8 Ash Hopper Access Doors ..................... 85–147

10.9 Ash Handling .................................... 85–147

Annex A Explanatory Material ......................... 85–147

Annex B Multiple Burner Boiler Supervised

Manual Systems ................................ 85–185

2015 Edition

{3e0bff22-698c-46e7-8 Annex C Multiple Burner Boiler Low NOx

Operation — Special Considerations ................................. 85–197

Annex D Fluidized Bed Boilers Supplemental Information .................................... 85–198

Annex E Common Pulverized Fuel System Designs .......................................... 85–202

Annex F Supplemental Information on Stoker-Fired Boilers ........................... 85–208

Annex G Sample Ordinance Adopting NFPA 85 ... 85–216

Annex H Safety ............................................ 85–216

Annex I Fuel Hazards ..........