AD 3.5 DOD Standard Practice for Military Packaging.pdf

NOT MEASUREMENT

SENSITIVE

MIL-STD-2073-1E

w/CHANGE 4 22 April 2019

SUPERSEDING

MIL-STD-2073-1E

w/CHANGE 3 20 November 2018

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

STANDARD PRACTICE FOR

MILITARY PACKAGING

AMSC 9965 AREA PACK

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FOREWORD

1. Details and decision logic for the use of this standard are described in 1.1, 1.2, and figure 1.

2. This standard is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.

3. For technical guidance on the contents of this document or to submit technical changes or recommended changes to the Appendix J codes, email frank.magnifico@navy.mil Commander, Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division Lakehurst, (Code 6.7.2.4), Bldg. 333, Route 547, Joint Base MDL, NJ 08733.

4. Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to:

Commander, Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division Lakehurst, (Code 4.1.2.2), Route 547, Mail Stop 120-3, Joint Base MDL, NJ 08733-5100, or emailed to michael.sikora@navy.mil.

Since contact information can change, you may want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST Online database at https://assist.dla.mil.

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CONTENTS

Paragraph Page

1. SCOPE

1.1 Purpose

1.2 Applicability

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General

2.2 Government documents

2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks

2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings and publications

2.3 Non-Government publications

2.4 Order of precedence

3. DEFINITIONS

3.1 General

3.2 Categorization

3.3 Common group items

3.4 Consumable

3.5 Container Design Retrieval System (CDRS)

3.6 Critical items

3.7 Defense Transportation System

3.8 Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive (ESDS) items

3.9 Fragility factor

3.10 Hazardous material

3.11 Military packaging

3.12 Packaging design validation

3.13 Repairable item

3.14 Reusable container

3.15 Sealed

3.16 Selective group items

3.17 Special group items

4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 General

4.1.1 Options

4.2 Development of military packaging details and data requirements

4.3 Hazardous material

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CONTENTS (Continued)

4.4 Packaging of classified items

4.5 Quantity per unit pack (QUP)

4.6 Containers

4.7 Kits

4.8 Repairable return items and residual parts

4.9 Loose fill materials

4.10 Shock and vibration absorption

4.11 Determination of item fragility

4.12 Packaging materials

5. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

5.1 General military package design considerations

5.2 Military preservation

5.2.1 Cleaning and drying

5.2.2 Preservatives

5.2.2.1 Preservative applicability

5.2.2.2 Application of contact preservatives

5.2.2.3 Application and use criteria of volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCI)

5.2.3 Methods of military preservation - general requirements

5.2.3.1 Surfaces coated with preservatives

5.2.3.2 Metal surfaces not coated with preservatives

5.2.3.3 Method 10 - Physical protection

5.2.3.4 Method 20 – Preservative coating……………………………………

5.2.3.5 Method 30 - Waterproof or waterproof-greaseproof protection with preservative, as required

5.2.3.5.1 Method 31 - Waterproof bag, heat sealed

5.2.3.5.2 Method 32 - Container, waterproof bag, heat sealed

5.2.3.5.3 Method 33 - Greaseproof-waterproof bag, heat sealed

5.2.3.6 Method 40 - Watervaporproof protection with

preservative as required

5.2.3.6.1 Method 41 - Watervaporproof bag, heat sealed

5.2.3.6.2 Method 42 - Container, watervaporproof bag, heat sealed, container

5.2.3.6.3 Method 43 - Floating watervaporproof bag, heat sealed

5.2.3.6.4 Method 44 - Rigid container (other than metal), sealed

5.2.3.6.5 Method 45 - Rigid metal container, sealed

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5.2.3.7 Method 50 - Watervaporproof protection with desiccant

5.2.3.7.1 Method 51 - Watervaporproof bag with desiccant, heat sealed

5.2.3.7.2 Method 52 - Container, watervaporproof bag with

desiccant, heat sealed, container

5.2.3.7.3 Method 53 - Floating watervaporproof bag with

desiccant, heat sealed

5.2.3.7.4 Method 54 - Rigid container (other than metal) with desiccant, sealed

5.2.3.7.5 Method 55 - Rigid metal container with desiccant, sealed

5.2.4 Military preservation requirements for items with

specific characteristics

5.2.4.1 Electrostatic discharge sensitive (ESDS) items

5.2.4.1.1 ESD Control Program……………………………………………………21

5.2.4.2 Items capable of disassembly

5.2.4.3 Flexible-coilable items

5.2.4.4 Caging or damping

5.2.4.5 Items with mounts

5.2.4.6 Rubber and synthetic rubber items

5.2.4.7 Hazardous items

5.2.4.8 Moveable parts

5.2.4.9 Items compatible with VCI

5.2.4.10 Vacuum sensitive items

5.3 Level A and B packing requirements

5.3.1 Container Selection

5.3.1.1 Intermediate containers

5.3.1.1.1 Intermediate Container Quantity (ICQ)

5.3.1.2 Exterior containers

5.3.2 Restricted movement

5.4 Minimal packing requirements

5.5 Marking

5.6 Military packaging design validation provisions

5.7 Quality assurance provisions

6. NOTES

6.1 Intended use

6.2 Acquisition requirements

6.3 Associated Data Item Descriptions (DIDs)

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6.4 Testing facilities

6.5 Subject term (key word) listing

6.6 Copies of regulations

6.7 Change notations

6.8 Changes in methods of preservation designations

6.9 Conversion of heat sealable bag designators

6.10 Supersession

FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Military packaging requirements development decision chart

TABLES

Table Page

I Approximate fragility factors II Method of preservation vs. appropriate MIL-DTL-117 bag designations and materials III Heat-sealable bag designator conversion chart

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APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS

A.1 SCOPE

A.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

A.2.1 General A.2.2 Government documents A.2.2.1 Specifications and standards A.2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings and publications A.2.3 Non-Government publications

A.3 USE OF EXISTING PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS

A.3.1 Application

A.4 HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

A.4.1 General A.4.2 Hazardous material package testing A.4.3 Hazardous material shipment documentation

A.5 MILITARY PACKAGING CODE DEVELOPMENT

A.5.1 Item classification A.5.2 Item characteristics A.5.3 Categorization A.5.3.1 Category code A.5.3.2 Category code development A.5.3.2.1 First category – physical and chemical characteristics A.5.3.2.1.1 Item composition/properties criteria A.5.3.2.1.2 Critical item criteria A.5.3.2.1.3 Contact preservative criteria A.5.3.2.2 Second category – weight/size/fragility A.5.3.2.3 Third category – preservatives A.5.4 Military packaging code development A.5.4.1 Military packaging codes for common items A.5.4.2 Military packaging codes for selective items A.5.5 Recording of developed packaging data

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APPENDICES (Continued)

APPENDIX A (Continued)

A.6 CONTAINER SELECTION

A.7 FORMULAS

A.8 PACKAGING DESIGN VALIDATION

A.8.1 Common items A.8.2 Selective and special items

A-1 Format for interpretation of packaging code sequence A-2 Military packaging data development flow chart

A-I Physical and chemical characteristics category code determination A-II Weight/size/and non-operational fragility category code determination A-III Contact preservative category code determination A-IV Predetermined military packaging data for common items A-V Calculation of material sizes and weights A-VI Procedural packaging specifications

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APPENDIX B

FACTORS AND FORMULAS ESTABLISHING MILITARY PACKAGING QUP AND ICQ

B.1 SCOPE

B.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

B.3 DETERMINATION OF QUP

B.3.1 Repairable items (depot or field level) or items designated Hi-value or Hi-priority B.3.2 Consumable items B.3.3 Irregular configuration, delicate or fragile items B.3.4 Pairs and sets items B.3.5 Items unit packed in accordance with Method 50 B.3.6 Kit B.3.7 Lumber, raw stock, paints, oils and dope B.3.8 Factors and formulas establishing QUP B.3.8.1 Consumable items having both maintenance and overhaul applications B.3.8.2 Consumable items having overhaul applications only

B.4 QUANTITY PER UNIT PACK DETERMINATION FORMULAS

B.4.1 Formula A B.4.2 Formula B

B.5 DETERMINATION OF ICQ

B.5.1 Quantities per intermediate container B.5.2 Intermediate container limitations

B-I Guidance for establishing number of unit packs per intermediate container

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APPENDIX C

CONTAINERS

C.1 SCOPE

C.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

C.2.1 General C.2.2 Government documents C.2.2.1 Specifications, standards and drawings C.2.2.2 Other Government Documents, Drawings and Publications C.2.3 Non-Government publications

C.3 GENERAL

C.3.1 Unit container size C.3.2 Use of unit containers as shipping containers

C.4 EXPENDABLE CONTAINERS

C.4.1 Interior containers C.4.2 Exterior containers

C.5 REUSABLE CONTAINERS

C.5.1 Specialized containers C.5.1.1 Design C.5.1.2 Container Design Retrieval System (CDRS) C.5.1.3 Specialized shipping containers C.5.2 Multiapplication containers C.5.2.1 Design and selection C.5.2.2 Identification C.5.2.3 Coded data C.5.2.4 Packaging design validation C.5.2.5 Short life containers C.5.2.6 Long life containers C.5.2.7 Multiapplication container availability C.5.2.7.1 General Services Administration (GSA)

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APPENDIX C (Continued)

C.5.2.7.2 Naval Supply Systems Command Weapon Systems Support (NAVSUP WSS) .78 C.5.2.7.3 Commercial sources

C-I Interior containers C-II Exterior shipping containers - selection by maximum weight of contents and level of packing C-III Fiberboard container size list C-IV Multiapplication container selection

APPENDIX D

DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS FOR KITS (PARTS AND

MODIFICATION)

D.1 SCOPE

D.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

D.3 PRESERVATION

D.3.1 Consolidation of different items within a method of preservation D.3.2 Application of preservative compounds or oils D.3.2.1 Kits procured for oxygen equipment D.3.2.2 Preservation procedures D.3.2.3 Items susceptible to corrosion (iron, steel, magnesium, etc.)

D.4 UNIT PRESERVATION

D.4.1 Physical protection D.4.2 Segregation of items within packs D.4.3 Skin packaging

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APPENDIX D (Continued)

D.4.3.1 Skin packaging metals D.4.3.2 Skin packaging shims or gaskets

D.5 PACKING AND MARKING OF KITS

APPENDIX E

MILITARY PACKAGING DATA FORMS

E.1 SCOPE

E.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

E.2.1 General E.2.2 Government documents E.2.2.1 Standards E.2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications E.2.3 Non-Government publications

E.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

E.3.1 Development of military packaging data E.3.2 Recording military packaging data E.3.2.1 Recording of data E.3.2.2 National Stock Number (NSN) requirements E.3.2.3 Coded data E.3.2.4 Kits (Parts and Modification) E.3.2.5 Special packaging instructions

E.4 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

E.4.1 Development of military packaging data E.4.1.1 Procedural specification data E.4.2 Preparation of military packaging data E.4.2.1 Nomenclature E.4.2.2 Manufacturer's Commercial and Government Entity code and part number E.4.2.3 Configuration item (CI) E.4.2.4 Item identification data

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APPENDIX E (Continued)

E.4.2.5 Preservation and packing data E.4.2.6 Supplemental data E.4.2.7 Special packaging instruction (SPI) data

E.5 SPECIAL PACKAGING INSTRUCTIONS

E.5.1 General E.5.2 Format E.5.3 Elements E.5.4 Detailed requirements E.5.4.1 Package assembly instructions E.5.4.2 Bill of materials E.5.4.3 Specification containers

E.6 APPROVAL OF CONTRACTOR DEVELOPED PACKAGING

DATA

E.6.1 Procedures for submitting data for approval E.6.1.1 Approval of data without National Stock Numbers E.6.1.2 Approval of data for emergency shipments E.6.1.3 Approval of data of interest to one DoD agency E.6.1.4 Use of background data for approval E.6.1.5 Data for common items E.6.2 Return of approved data E.6.3 Authentication E.6.4 Transmittal of data E.6.4.1 Military packaging data E.6.4.2 Special packaging instructions

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APPENDIX E (Continued)

E-1 Preservation and Packing Data

E-I Item identification data for PART A of DD Form 2326 E-II Preservation - Packing data for PART B of DD Form 2326 E-III Supplemental data for PART C of DD Form 2326 E-IV Special packaging instruction data for PART D of DD Form 2326

APPENDIX F

MILITARY PACKAGING DESIGN VALIDATION PROVISIONS

F.1 SCOPE

F.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

F.2.1 General F.2.2 Government documents F.2.2.1 Standards F.2.2.2 Other Government documents F.2.3 Non-Government publications

F.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

F.3.1 Applicability F.3.2 Packaging design validation test and inspections F.3.2.1 Test load………………………………………………………………...121 F.3.2.1.1 Dummy load F.3.2.1.2 Instrumentation F.3.2.2 Alternate test procedure approval F.3.3 Hazardous material F.3.3.1 HAZMAT Packaging design certification testing

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APPENDIX F (Continued)

F.3.3.2 Air shipments F.3.4 Ammunition unit loads F.3.5 Specialized shipping containers F.4 Test methods F.4.1 Performace tests F.4.2 Test sequence and marking for free-fall drop tests F.4.2.1 Bags and cylindrical containers F.4.3 Disposition of Samples after test F.4.4 Test report

F-I Performance Tests

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APPENDIX G

QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS

G.1 SCOPE

G.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

G.2.1 General G.2.2 Government documents G.2.2.1 Specifications and standards

G.3 GENERAL

G.3.1 Quality system G.3.2 Quality assurance requirements G.3.3 Sampling G.3.3.1 Lot size G.3.3.2 Sampling for inspection

G.4 PRESERVATION INSPECTIONS

G.4.1 Visual preservation examinations G.4.2 Leakage test G.4.2.1 Wetting agent G.4.2.2 Selection of technique G.4.2.2.1 Vacuum retention technique G.4.2.2.1.1 Sealed rigid container G.4.2.2.1.2 Sealed flexible bag G.4.2.2.2 Submersion (or immersion) technique G.4.2.2.3 Pneumatic pressure technique G.4.2.2.4 Hot water technique G.4.2.2.5 Squeeze technique (applicable only to flexible specimens)

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APPENDIX G (Continued)

G.4.3 Heat-sealed seam test G.4.3.1 Selection of unit pack samples G.4.3.1.1 Alternate unit pack sampling procedure G.4.3.2 Heat-sealed seam strength testing

G.5 PACKING INSPECTIONS

G.5.1 Examination procedures

G-I Preservation inspection provisions G-II Leakage and heat-sealed seam test provisions

APPENDIX H

PROCEDURES FOR COMPLIANCE WITH CONTAINER

DESIGN RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (CDRS) REQUIREMENTS

H.1 SCOPE

H.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

H.3 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

H.3.1 Design search request submittal H.3.2 CDRS Office search response H.3.3 Design activity action on CDRS Office response H.3.3.1 Negative response from CDRS Office H.3.3.1.1 Submittal of container design data H.3.3.2 Positive response from CDRS Office H.3.3.2.1 Item (Inventory) manager notification H.3.3.2.2 Container design agent notification

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APPENDIX J

MILITARY PACKAGING REQUIREMENT CODES

J.1 SCOPE

J.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

J.2.1 General J.2.2 Government documents J.2.2.1 Specifications, standards and handbooks J.2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings and publications J.2.3 Non-Government publications

J.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

J.3.1 Code system J.3.2 Procedure and responsibilities for revisions J.3.2.1 Adding codes

J.4 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

J.4.1 General code requirements J.4.2 Preservation methods J.4.2.1 Specialized preservation J.4.3 Quantity per unit pack J.4.4 Cleaning J.4.5 Preservative J.4.6 Wrapping material J.4.7 Cushioning and dunnage J.4.8 Thickness of cushioning or dunnage J.4.9 Unit and intermediate container J.4.9.1 Options J.4.10 Unit container level and optional procedure indicator codes J.4.11 Unit packs per intermediate container J.4.12 Intermediate container J.4.12.1 Intermediate container limitations J.4.13 Packing J.4.14 Special markings

J.5 CROSS INDEX

J.5.1 Document number to table and code

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APPENDIX J (Continued)

J-I Methods of preservation codes J-Ia Specialized preservation codes J-II Cleaning procedure codes J-III Contact preservative material codes J-IIIa Contact preservative material codes in specification sequence J-IV Wrapping material codes J-IVa Wrapping material codes in specification sequence J-V Cushioning and dunnage material codes J-Va Cushioning and dunnage material codes in specification sequence J-VI Thickness of cushioning or dunnage codes J-VII Unit and intermediate container codes J-VIIa Unit and intermediate container codes in specification sequence J-VIII Unit container level codes J-VIIIa Optional procedure indicator codes J-IX Level A military packing requirement codes J-IXa Level B military packing requirement codes J-IXb Minimal packing requirement codes J-X Special marking codes J-XI Document number to table and code cross-reference index

INDEX

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1. SCOPE

1.1 Purpose. This document outlines standard processes for the development and documentation of military packaging. This standard covers methods of preservation to protect materiel against environmentally induced corrosion and deterioration, physical and mechanical damage, and other forms of degradation during storage, multiple handling, and shipment of materiel in the Defense Transportation System (DTS). For the purpose of this standard, military distribution system includes the processes by which materiel, not intended for immediate use, is stored or moved within or between DoD facilities. A decision chart is included for determining how to develop military packaging requirements (see figure 1). If military packaging is applicable, figure 1 will further aid in the development of detailed packaging requirements.

1.2 Applicability. The requirements of MIL-STD-2073-1E apply when military packaging is required to meet operational demands. This applies to items entering the Defense Transportation System and includes but is not limited to, the following items:

a. Delivered during wartime for deployment or sustainment to operational units.

b. Depot level repairables.

c. Requiring reusable containers.

d. Intended for delivery at sea.

e. Security Assistance/Foreign Military Sales/Grant Aid (unless otherwise directed by the destination country).

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Is item hazardous?

Package IAW A.4 Is item consumable?

Is item fragility factor less than 50 G's? Is item fragility factor equal to or greater than 85 G's?

(See 3.8 and Table I)

Are item weight & dimensions within limits specified by Table A-II?

Categorize IAW Appendix A as common item

Can item packaging be described by codes in Appendix J and supplemental data?

Select Appendix J codes and add supplemental data, as req'd (selective item); (See 5.6 for validation requirement)

Is specialized long life container required?

(See C.5)

Interrogate Container Design Retrieval System (CDRS) (See C.5.1.2)

Is CDRS response positive?

Use design "AS IS" or modify if required.

Determine availability of suitable containers in DoD inventory for reuse and validate use for item

Design package using special packaging instruction (SPI) guide-lines specified in Appendix E (See 5.6 for validation requirements)

Are item weight, dimensions and fragility factor within limits specified for containers listed in Table C-IV?

Are item weight and dimensions within limits specified for containers listed in Table C-IV?

Do multi-application containers meet logistics needs?

Could items of lower or unknown fragility be protected by multi-application containers? (See Table C-IV)

Is it cost effective to use multi-application containers?

Will 10 trip short life container meet logistics needs? Can item packaging be described by codes in Appendix J and supplemental data, as req'd?

Use 10 trip short life container (See C.5.2.5)

Will 100 trip long life container meet logistics needs?

Use 100 trip long life container (See C.5.2.6)

Select Appendix J codes IAW Appendix A format (See 5.6 for validation requirements)

NO YES

YES NO

YES NO

NO NO YES YES

NO YES

NO YES

YES YES NO NO

YES NO

YES NO

YES NO

YES NO

YES NO

YES NO

YES NO

FIGURE 1. Military packaging requirements development decision chart.

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2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, or 5 of this standard. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this standard or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3, 4, or 5 of this standard, whether or not they are listed.

2.2 Government documents.

2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS

QQ-A-1876 - Aluminum Foil.

PPP-B-1672 - Boxes, Shipping, Reusable with Cushioning.

COMMERCIAL ITEM DESCRIPTION

A-A-3174 - Plastic Sheet, Polyolefin.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS

MIL-DTL-117 - Bags, Heat-Sealable.

MIL-PRF-121 - Barrier Materials, Greaseproof, Waterproof, Flexible, Heat-Sealable.

MIL-PRF-131 - Barrier Materials, Watervaporproof, Greaseproof, Flexible, Heat-Sealable.

MIL-PRF-3420 - Packaging Materials, Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor, Treated, Opaque.

MIL-D-3464 - Desiccants, Activated, Bagged, Packaging Use and Static

Dehumidification.

MIL-DTL-6060 - Bags, Watervaporproof, Heat-Sealable, Complex.

MIL-I-8574 - Inhibitors, Corrosion, Volatile, Utilization of.

MIL-PRF-16173 - Corrosion Preventive Compound, Solvent Cutback, Cold-Application.

MIL-PRF-22019 - Barrier Materials, Transparent, Flexible, Sealable, Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor Treated.

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MIL-DTL-22020 - Bags, Transparent, Flexible, Sealable, Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor Treated.

MIL-PRF-22191 - Barrier Materials, Transparent, Flexible, Heat-Sealable.

MIL-PRF-81705 - Barrier Materials, Flexible, Electrostatic Protective, Heat-

Sealable.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARDS

MIL-STD-129 - Military Marking for Shipment and Storage.

MIL-STD-1686 - Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices).

MIL-STD-3010 - Test Procedures for Packaging Materials and Containers.

MS20003 - Indicator, Humidity, Card, Three Spot, Impregnated

Areas (Cobaltous Chloride).

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE HANDBOOK

MIL-HDBK-263 - Electrostatic Discharge Control Handbook for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices) (Metric).

(Copies of these documents are available online at https://quicksearch.dla.mil.)

2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings and publications. The following other Government documents, drawings and publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE MANUAL

DoD-5220.22M - National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual

(NISPOM).

(Copies of this document are available online at http://www.DTIC.mil/.)

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS (CFR)

29 CFR - Labor.

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40 CFR - Protection of Environment.

49 CFR - Transportation.

(Copies of these documents are available online at https://www.ecfr.gov.)

2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL

ASTM D996 - Standard Terminology of Packaging and Distribution

Environments (DoD adopted).

ASTM D1974/ - Standard Practice for Methods of Closing, Sealing, and D1974M Reinforcing Fiberboard Boxes (DoD adopted).

ASTM D4279 - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers – Constant and Cycle Methods.

ASTM D5118/ - Standard Practice for Fabrication of Fiberboard Shipping Boxes D5118M (DoD adopted).

ASTM D5168 - Standard Practice for Fabrication and Closure of Triple Wall Corrugated Fiberboard Containers (DoD adopted).

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.astm.org.)

ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) ASSOCIATION

ANSI/ESD S20.20 – For the Development of an Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assembles and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Exposure Devices).

(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.ansi.org.)

SAE INTERNATIONAL

SAE AS26860 - Indicator, Humidity, Plug, Color Change (DoD adopted).

(Copies of this document are available online at http://www.sae.org.)

2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this

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3. DEFINITIONS

3.1 General. Definitions of terms unique to this standard are listed below. Definitions of other terms commonly used in the packaging community may be found in ASTM D996 or

MIL-STD-129.

3.2 Categorization. The process of evaluating an item by chemical and physical characteristics that are significant in determining the preservation requirements.

3.3 Common group items. Items with a fragility rating of 85 G's (see 3.9) or more which have no dimension greater than 24 inches and weigh not more than 10 pounds for which predetermined packaging has been developed (see A.5.4.1 and table A-IV). Hazardous materials, electrostatic discharge sensitive items, shelf life items, sets, outfits, and kits are excluded from this group regardless of their fragility, size, or weight.

3.4 Consumable. An item of supply (except explosive ordnance, major end items of equipment, and repairables) that is normally expended or used up beyond recovery in the use for which it was designed or intended.

3.5 Container Design Retrieval System (CDRS). A management system program to provide a DoD centralized automated data base system for storing, retrieving and analyzing existing container designs and test information concerning specialized containers. The purpose of the CDRS is to avoid duplication in container designs, minimize the number of new container designs being developed and promote reuse of existing DoD specialized containers for new item development and procurement (see Appendix H).

3.6 Critical items. Items meeting one or more of the following criteria are considered critical.

a. Critical chemically. Items that are of such a nature that any degree of deterioration (in the form of corrosion, stain, scale, mold, fungi, or bacteria) caused by oxygen, moisture, sunlight, living organisms, and other contaminants which are time or temperature dependent, will result in premature failure or malfunction of the item or equipment in which the item is installed or with which the item interfaces.

b. Critical physically. Items that would become unfit for use as a result of physical action on the item or any integral surfaces thereof. This includes, but is not limited to, items having a surface finish of 64 microinches root mean square or less, items

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c. Critical application. Items that, either in assembly or operation, provide an essential attribute to attaining critical military objectives.

3.7 Defense Transportation System (DTS). The Defense Transportation System (DTS) is that portion of the worldwide transportation infrastructure that supports Department of Defense (DOD) transportation needs in peace and war. It consists of two major elements: military (organic) and commercial (nonorganic) resources. These resources include aircraft, ships, barges, rail and road assets, pipelines, services, and systems organic to, contracted for, or controlled by DOD. DTS infrastructure, including seaports, aerial ports, railways, highways, pipeline pumping and terminal stations, automated information systems, as well as supporting services, such as in-transit visibility (ITV), customs, and traffic management, are vital elements of the DOD capability to project power worldwide.

3.8 Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive (ESDS) items. Electronic items that are susceptible to damage or degradation as a result of an electrostatic discharge event.

3.9 Fragility factor. Maximum force acceleration or deceleration expressed in units of gravity (G's) that can be applied to an item in its non-operating state without causing physical damage or changes in its operational characteristics. The fragility factor is expressed in units of acceleration for a defined shock pulse. Shock pulse forms and durations that approximate the transportation and handling environment are to be used in determining the fragility factor.

Representative fragility factors for various classes of items are listed in table I.

3.10 Hazardous material. A material, substance, or waste that has been determined by the Secretary of Transportation to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce and that has been so designated. (This includes all items listed as hazardous in Titles 29, 40 and 49 CFR and other applicable modal regulations effective at the time of shipment.)

3.11 Military packaging. A means of specifying the military preservation and packing that a given item requires to ensure that it is not degraded during shipment and storage in the military distribution system.

a. Military preservation. Application of materials and/or methods designed to protect an item during shipment, handling, indeterminate storage and distribution to consignees worldwide.

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b. Military packing. Application of any exterior protective methods, materials, or devices to ensure the integrity of the preserved item as follows:

(1) Level A. Protection required to meet the most severe worldwide shipment, handling, and storage conditions. Level A packing must in tandem with the applied method of preservation, be capable of protecting material from the effects of direct exposure to extremes of climate, terrain, and operational and transportation environments. Examples of situations that indicate a need for use of Level A packing are: War Reserve Material, mobilization, strategic and theater deployment and employment, open storage, deck loading and Foreign Military Sales (as specified in the contract). Examples of containers used for Level A packing requirements include, but are not limited to, overseas type wood boxes, and plastic and metal reusable containers.

(2) Level B. Protection required to meet moderate worldwide shipment, handling, and storage conditions. Level B packing must in tandem with the applied preservation, be capable of protecting material not directly exposed to extremes of climate, terrain, and operational and transportation environments. Examples of situations that indicate a need for use of Level B packing are: security assistance, such as Foreign Military Sales (as specified in the contract) and containerized overseas shipments. Examples of containers used for Level B packing requirements include, but are not limited to, domestic wood crates, weather-resistant fiberboard containers, fast pack containers, weather-resistant fiber drums, and weather-resistant paper and multi-wall shipping sacks.

3.12 Packaging design validation. Testing to ascertain the capability of the prototype pack to protect the integrity and serviceability of the item(s) for which the package is designed.

3.13 Repairable item. An item that, by the application of engineering, economic, and other factors, could be reasonably restored to a serviceable condition through regular repair procedures.

3.14 Reusable container. A shipping and storage container that can be reused without impairment of its protective function and that can be repaired or retrofitted to prolong its life or modified to adapt it for shipment of items other than that for which it was originally intended.

Reusable shipping and storage containers are further defined as follows:

a. Long life container (100 trips minimum). A shipping container that can be used repeatedly, and whose service life can be expected to equal the service life of the item it is designed to protect. These containers may be refurbished by appropriate maintenance practices to their original condition and subsequently reused.

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b. Short life container (10 trips minimum). A shipping container that can be reused for a limited number of times. The container is usually made of wood, plywood, fiberboard or similar material that has a limited life.

c. Multi-application containers. Multi-application containers are designed to protect a variety of components within a given fragility and size range. They can be manufactured in a similar manner to that used for specialized containers or in accordance with applicable/specified military or federal specifications. A multi-application container can be either of the short-life or long-life variety. Short life multi-application containers include "fast packs," consisting of a family of standard size cushioned fiberboard shipping containers of four types. These types are fully described in PPP-B-1672 and are identified as Types I, II, III and IV in table C-IV. Long-life multi-application reusable containers are designated as Types VI thru X and are also described in table C-IV. These containers are made of rugged plastic construction containing internal cushioning pads or permanent shock mitigation systems (for example, shear mounts, steel coils, and springs) and are designed to protect repairable components packaged therein, during forward and retrograde movements within the military supply system.

d. Specialized container. Specialized containers are generally the long-life variety and are uniquely configured to support and protect a specific item, or limited variety of items, during handling and storage or to protect personnel and equipment from hazardous contents. Containers of this type frequently incorporate energy absorbing systems, temperature control systems or special features to make handling or shipment possible, easier or safer. Engineering drawings, or equivalent, are used to define form, fit, function, materials, tolerances and manufacturing techniques. Internal fixtures and other fitments within specialized shipping containers result from either original design efforts or the redesign or modification of an existing container to meet a specific application or need.

3.15 Sealed. An item is considered sealed if the entrances to the interior of the item are sealed with gaskets or closely mated surfaces under mechanical pressure or are sealed by threaded closure devices (except plastic caps). Sealed items also include assemblies that are encapsulated in plastics, ceramics, glass or metal with completely cemented seams or joints closing the interior to the entrance of liquid water. Hermetic sealing is a seal that will exclude air and is leakproof at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and is usually glass to glass, metal to metal or metal to glass.

3.16 Selective group items. Items that cannot appropriately utilize predetermined packaging developed for common group items (see 3.3) yet do not require a drawing, sketch, illustration, or separate narrative type instruction to specify packaging details.

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3.17 Special group items. Items with peculiar characteristics such as weight, configuration, complexity, fragility, or other considerations that cannot be classified as common or selective. An item is considered special if drawings, sketches, illustrations, narrative type instructions, or specialized containers are required to specify packaging details.

4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 General. Military packaging requirements shall be developed using the figure 1 decision chart in accordance with the requirements of this section, Section 5 and all Appendices herein. The developed military packaging requirements shall be documented in accordance with Appendix E and as specified on the Contract Data Requirements List (CDRL) (see 6.3). These requirements are generally defined by a twelve digit position-sensitive code system, as illustrated on figure A-1. Appropriate codes are drawn from those listed in Appendix J. When an item has been determined to be in the special group category, a Special Packaging Instruction shall be required, prepared in accordance with Appendix E and as specified on the CDRL (see 6.3).

4.1.1 Options. Unless otherwise specified in supplemental instructions (see E.4.2.6), all military packaging requirements defined or developed herein shall be mandatory for compliance and no substitutions are permitted. When specified in supplemental instructions (see E.4.2.6) or via Optional Procedure Indicator Codes (Table J-VIII), options can be exercised as to the specific method of preservation or DoD approved packaging materials to be used. However, the basic preservation method shall be retained, all other supplemental instructions shall be complied with, and unit package dimensions shall not be increased by more than one inch. Equal or higher degree of protection shall be afforded the item and there shall be no increase in the package cost.

4.2 Development of military packaging details and data requirements. If this standard is cited for use and no specific military packaging details or data requirements are contained in the contract, the contracting officer shall be contacted for same. Appendix A and other applicable sections and appendices of this standard shall be used to develop detailed military packaging requirements in cases where the development of packaging data by the contractor is cited.

4.3 Hazardous material. Packaging for hazardous materials shall be developed in accordance with the requirements specified in A.4.

4.4 Packaging of classified items. Packaging developed for classified items shall meet the requirements of DoD 5220.22M.

4.5 Quantity per unit pack (QUP). The QUP shall be determined in accordance with Appendix B.

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4.6 Containers. Requirements for containers and their selection for military packaging applications are specified in Appendix C.

4.7 Kits. Military packaging of parts kits or modification kits shall be in accordance with Appendix D.

4.8 Repairable return items and residual parts. Repairable return items and residual part(s) for which packaging has not been stipulated by the acquisition activity shall be packaged to afford adequate protection as required to prevent further deterioration due to rust, corrosion, or physical damage. Unless otherwise specified by the acquisition activity, the QUP shall be one.

4.9 Loose fill materials. Loose fill materials are prohibited in all military packages, except for the packaging of peculiar hazardous materials that require their use for absorptive purposes.

4.10 Shock and vibration absorption. Shock and vibration absorption shall be provided by cushioning materials or isolators that protect the contents and packaging components from physical damage during handling, shipment and storage. A cushioning medium shall be placed as close to the contents as practicable. A non-corrosive wrap shall be placed between the item and all corrosive type cushioning media.

4.11 Determination of item fragility. Fragility factors in the non-operating state of the item, established in the item specification, shall be used to establish the maximum energy permitted to reach the item during transportation and handling (see 3.9). When fragility factors are not available or established, criteria of table I can be used to approximate G factors. Caution shall be taken to ensure that there are no additional components installed that lower the item fragility rating.

4.12 Packaging materials.