AMD 01 Exhibit 2 - Annex 3B CF at the NS LBNF DUNE Conceptual Dsgn Report May 2015.pdf

Annex 3B: Conventional Facilities at the Near Site

LBNF/DUNE

Conceptual Design Report

May 2015 - Revised December 2018

Contents

Annex 3B-Opt: Conventional Facilities at the Near Site ii

CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................ II

LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................... V

LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................... VII

ABBREVIATIONS, ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS .................................................................. VIII

1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 1-11

1.1 Introduction to LBNF Conventional Facilities at the Near Site .............................................................. 1-11

1.2 Project Participants .............................................................................................................................. 1-13

2 EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS ................................................................................................ 2-16

2.1 Surface Development, Topographic and Environmental Conditions ..................................................... 2-16

2.2 Overview of Site Geology ..................................................................................................................... 2-16

2.3 Overview of Site Groundwater Conditions ........................................................................................... 2-17

2.4 Occurrence of Natural Gases ................................................................................................................ 2-17

3 THE FACILITY LAYOUT .......................................................................................................... 3-18

3.1 Project-Wide Considerations ................................................................................................................ 3-19

3.1.1 Structural and Architectural for Surface Structures ............................................................................... 3-19

3.1.2 Structural and Excavation for Underground Structures ......................................................................... 3-20

3.1.3 Environmental Protection ...................................................................................................................... 3-21

3.1.4 Fire Protection/Life Safety Systems ....................................................................................................... 3-23

3.1.5 Safeguards and Securities ...................................................................................................................... 3-23

3.1.6 Emergency Shelter Provisions ................................................................................................................ 3-24

3.1.7 High Performance Sustainable Building ................................................................................................. 3-24

3.1.8 DOE Space Allocation ............................................................................................................................. 3-24

3.1.9 Construction Phasing ............................................................................................................................. 3-24

3.2 Project Site Infrastructure .................................................................................................................... 3-25

3.2.1 Roads and Infrastructure ....................................................................................................................... 3-25

3.2.2 Electrical ................................................................................................................................................. 3-26

3.2.3 Plumbing and Cooling Systems .............................................................................................................. 3-30

3.2.4 Data and Communications ..................................................................................................................... 3-30

4 NEW SURFACE BUILDINGS ................................................................................................... 4-32

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4.1 Primary Beam Service Building (LBNF-5) .............................................................................................. 4-32

4.1.1 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................. 4-34

4.1.2 Electrical ................................................................................................................................................. 4-34

4.1.3 Plumbing ................................................................................................................................................ 4-36

4.1.4 Fire Protection/Life Safety Systems ....................................................................................................... 4-36

4.2 Target Hall Complex (LBNF-20) ............................................................................................................. 4-37

4.2.1 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................. 4-41

4.2.2 Electrical ................................................................................................................................................. 4-43

4.2.3 Plumbing ................................................................................................................................................ 4-44

4.2.4 Fire Protection/Life Safety Systems ....................................................................................................... 4-44

4.3 Absorber Service Building (LBNF-30) .................................................................................................... 4-46

4.3.1 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................. 4-47

4.3.2 Electrical ................................................................................................................................................. 4-47

4.3.3 Plumbing ................................................................................................................................................ 4-49

4.3.4 Fire Protection/Life Safety Systems ....................................................................................................... 4-49

4.4 Near Detector Service Building (LBNF-40)............................................................................................. 4-50

4.4.1 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................. 4-52

4.4.2 Electrical ................................................................................................................................................. 4-52

4.4.3 Plumbing ................................................................................................................................................ 4-53

4.4.4 Fire Protection/Life Safety Systems ....................................................................................................... 4-53

5 NEW UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES ................................................................................. 5-55

5.1 Beamline Extraction Enclosure and Primary Beam Enclosure ............................................................... 5-55

5.1.1 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................. 5-61

5.1.2 Electrical ................................................................................................................................................. 5-61

5.1.3 Plumbing ................................................................................................................................................ 5-61

5.1.4 Fire Protection/Life Safety Systems ....................................................................................................... 5-62

5.2 Decay Region........................................................................................................................................ 5-63

5.2.1 Decay Region Geosynthetic Barrier System ........................................................................................... 5-65

5.3 Absorber Hall and Support Rooms ....................................................................................................... 5-68

5.3.1 Grouting of the Rock Mass in the Decay/Absorber Region .................................................................... 5-72

5.3.2 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................. 5-73

5.3.3 Electrical ................................................................................................................................................. 5-74

5.3.4 Plumbing ................................................................................................................................................ 5-74

5.3.5 Fire Protection/Life Safety Systems ....................................................................................................... 5-75

5.4 Near Detector Hall and Support Rooms ................................................................................................ 5-78

5.4.1 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................. 5-82

5.4.2 Electrical ................................................................................................................................................. 5-82

5.4.3 Plumbing ................................................................................................................................................ 5-82

5.4.4 Fire Protection/Life Safety Systems ....................................................................................................... 5-83

6 REFERENCES

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List of Figures

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1: LBNF Overall Project Schematic Longitudinal Section View – Vertical Scale Exaggerated .... 1-12 Figure 1-2: LBNF Overall Project Layout at Fermilab ............................................................................... 1-13 Figure 3-1: Braced Excavation and Retaining Wall Systems with the Toe of the Embankment Shown in Red and the Slurry Trench in Blue ........................................................................................................... 3-21 Figure 3-2: Wetland Delineation Map ..................................................................................................... 3-22 Figure 3-3: Electrical Power Routing Plan ................................................................................................ 3-27 Figure 3-4: Rerouting of Existing Power System Ductbank and Use of Casing Pipe Under the LBNF Embankment ............................................................................................................................................ 3-28 Figure 3-5: LBNF Communications Routing Plan ..................................................................................... 3-31 Figure 4-1: Primary Beam Service Building (LBNF-5) ............................................................................... 4-32 Figure 4-2: Primary Beam Service Building (LBNF-5) Floor Plan .............................................................. 4-33 Figure 4-3: Magnet Installation Tunnel and Access Structure ................................................................. 4-34 Figure 4-4: Target Hall Complex ............................................................................................................... 4-37 Figure 4-5: Target Hall Work Cell 3-D View .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Figure 4-6: Target Chase Cooling Ducts ................................................................................................... 4-41 Figure 4-7: Absorber Complex Including the Absorber Service Building (LBNF-30) ................................ 4-46 Figure 4-8: Absorber Service Building (LBNF-30) Floor Plan .................................................................... 4-47 Figure 4-9: Near Detector Service Building (LBNF-40) ............................................................................. 4-50 Figure 4-10: Near Detector Service Building (LBNF-40) Floor Plan .......................................................... 4-51 Figure 5-1: Overview of Beamline Extraction Enclosure and Primary Beam Enclosure .......................... 5-55 Figure 5-2: Beamline Extraction Enclosure and Primary Beam Enclosure – Aerial View ......................... 5-56 Figure 5-3: Beamline Extraction Enclosure. Refer to Figure 5-4 for a Section Near Station 2+00........... 5-57 Figure 5-4: Beamline Extraction Enclosure Section View at MI-14 Showing the Structural Concrete Cocoon Around the MI Enclosure ............................................................................................................ 5-58 Figure 5-5: Primary Beam Enclosure Section View (Shown as Constructed in Open Cut Trench) ....... 5-59 Figure 5-6: Primary Beam Enclosure Showing Technical Components, Typical Enclosure Section ......... 5-60 Figure 5-7: Plan View Re-route of MI Road ............................................................................................. 5-61 Figure 5-8: Primary Beam Enclosure Egress Routes ................................................................................ 5-62 Figure 5-9: Longitudinal Section through the Decay Region ................................................................... 5-63 Figure 5-10: Decay Region Cooling Ducts ................................................................................................ 5-64 Figure 5-11: Decay Pipe Cross Section ..................................................................................................... 5-65 Figure 5-12: Longitudinal Section of the Decay Region at Absorber Hall ................................................ 5-65 Figure 5-13: Geomembrane System Section View (From Outside Right to Inside Left in the Exploded View) ........................................................................................................................................................ 5-66 Figure 5-14: Decay Region Cross Section Showing the Base of the Decay Pipe Barrier System ............. 5-67 Figure 5-15: Absorber Hall and Support Rooms ...................................................................................... 5-68 Figure 5-16: Absorber Hall, Muon Alcove: Lower-level Plan View in Bedrock ........................................ 5-69 Figure 5-17: Absorber Hall, RAW Room: Middle-Level Plan View in Soil ................................................ 5-70 Figure 5-18: Absorber Hall Instrumentation Room; Upper-Level Plan View in Soil ................................ 5-71 Figure 5-19: Absorber Hall Longitudinal Cross Section Cut Along the Decay Pipe Centerline ................ 5-72 Figure 5-20: Grouting Plan and Section ................................................................................................... 5-73 Figure 5-21: Absorber Hall, Muon Alcove, and Support Rooms: Upper-Level Egress Routing ............ 5-76 Figure 5-22: Absorber Hall, RAW Room: Middle-Level, Egress Routing .................................................. 5-77 Figure 5-23: Absorber Hall, Instrumentation Room: Upper Level, Egress Routing ................................. 5-78 Figure 5-24: Near Detector Complex ....................................................................................................... 5-79 Figure 5-25: Near Detector Plan View ..................................................................................................... 5-80

List of Figures

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Figure 5-26: Near Detector Hall Longitudinal Section ............................................................................. 5-81 Figure 5-27: Near Detector Hall Egress Routes ........................................................................................ 5-83

List of Tables

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 4-1: Primary Beam Service Building (LBNF-5) Electrical Power Loads ........................................... 4-36 Table 4-2: Target Hall Complex (LBNF-20) Electrical Power Loads .......................................................... 4-44 Table 4-3: Absorber Hall and Absorber Service Building (LBNF-30) Electrical Power Loads ................... 4-48 Table 4-4: Near Detector Hall and Near Detector Service Building (LBNF-40) Electrical Power Loads ... 4-53

Abbreviations, Acronyms and Definitions

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ABBREVIATIONS, ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS

Term Expansion A amps AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ADA Americans with Disabilities Act ADAAG Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines AHJ Authority Having Jurisdiction AHR Air Handling Room AHU Air Handling Unit ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning CAMs Control Account Managers CD Critical Decision (CD-0, CD-1, etc) CDR Conceptual Design Report CF Conventional Facilities (Civil design and construction) cfm cubic feet per minute CHW Chilled Water DocDB Document Data Base (DUNE-doc-####) DOE Department of Energy DUNE Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment DWS Domestic Water Service EA Environmental Assessment EDIA Engineering, Design, Inspection, Administration ED&I Engineering, Design, and Inspection EENF Environmental Evaluation Notification Form ES&H Environment, Safety, and Health ft feet ft2 square feet FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency Fermilab Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory FESS Facilities Engineering Services Section (at Fermilab) FIRUS Facilities Information Reporting Utility System FLS Fire Life Safety FNAL Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact GCL Geosynthetic clay liner gpm gallons per minute gsf gross square feet HEPA High Efficiency Particle Arrestor hp Horse Power HVAC heating ventilating and air conditioning HW Hot Water ICW Industrial Cooling Water kV kilo (1000) volts kVA kilo volt amps (or kilowatt, electrical power) kw kilowatt

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KRS Kautz Road Substation LEED Leadership for Energy Efficient Design LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory LAr Liquid Argon LBNF Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility lf lineal feet LCW Low Conductivity Water m meter MEP Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing MI Main Injector MSL mean sea level MSS Master Substation MVA Mega Volt Amps n+1 The required number of units (n) plus one additional unit ND Near Detector NEC National Electric Code NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NFPA National Fire Protection Association NSSF Near Surface Storage Facility NuMI Neutrinos at Main Injector (Neutrino Beam at Fermilab) ODH Oxygen Depletion Hazard ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory P5 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel PDR Preliminary Design Report plf Pounds per Linear Foot psf Pounds per Square Foot RAW Radioactive Water RH Relative Humidity sf square feet SMACNA Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors Association SR3 survey riser 3 STA (Sta.) Station (100’) (e.g. STA 20+52 = 2052’ from start (STA 0+00)) T tons UFAS Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards UPS Uninterruptable Power Supply WBS Work Breakdowns Structure WCD water Cherenkov detector Wg Water Gage Term Definition STA 1+00 Denotes 100 feet, from Station 0+00 which is typically used as the starting point.

STA -2+38.8 Represents a distance of 238.8 feet before or upstream of Station 0+00

Annex 3B-Opt: Conventional Facilities at the Near Site x

STA 12+47, 35’ LT Represents a distance along the line and an offset from the line, i.e., 1247’ from Station 0+00 and 35’ left (LT) of the line or alignment while facing down station.

Beam-off This refers to access to a facility, room, underground space, etc., (area). If the area is called out as beam-off, it means that access to that area is restricted by an interlock system and one can only access when the proton beam is off. In an emergency situation, if access is required into/thru a beam-off area then the interlock door is opened, the beam shuts off and emergency access is allowed/available.

Beam-On This refers to access to an area that is called out as beam-on is allowed when the proton beam is on.

Site N: Site North = FSCS North

Fermilab employs a laboratory-defined site-wide coordinate system, the Fermilab Site Coordinate System (FSCS). Unless otherwise noted, all coordinates indicated are earth curvature corrected FSCS coordinates. For more information, refer to the Fermilab Facilities Engineering Services Section Engineering Department’s CAD Standard Manual.

Plan North Provides convenient reference directions for plan views that are oriented obliquely with respect to Site North. For site plans where plans are oriented with True North up, Plan North = True North.

Introduction

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1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction to LBNF Conventional Facilities at the Near Site The objective of this document [Annex of Volume 3 of the Conceptual Design Report (CDR), DUNE DocDB 182 is to document the Conventional Facilities required to house the Beamline and DUNE Near Detector technical facilities at the Fermilab site (also referred to as the Near Site). The December 2018 revision reflects progress made in the Conceptual Design since the 2015 CD-1 Refresh review.

Additionally, this revision updates the construction phasing plan to reflect the identification of an early construction phase, Site Preparation, to clear the site of existing utilities and features that are in conflict with the future LBNF beamline.

Beamline facilities include the primary beam, targetry, horns, absorber, and related systems, the design of and subsequent construction and fit out are the responsibility of the Beamline subproject. The design of the technical components for the DUNE Near Detector and its subsequent construction and fit out are the responsibility of the DUNE Project.

The scope discussed in this document represents the full scope, at a Conceptual Design level, for all Near Site Conventional Facilities required to support LBNF.

A complete discussion on alternative design configurations and options considered during the Concept Design phase is available the LBNF Alternatives Analysis Conceptual Design [1].

This conceptual effort has been completed in support of obtaining DOE approval for CD-1 Refresh and as such, the programmatic requirements described in this volume are developed to a level to support the Conceptual Design milestone of this Project. Further detailed development of all aspects of the design and requirements are required to support future phases of the Project.

The Conceptual Design has been further progressed by the evaluation and implementaion of an alternative morgue location concept in the Target Complex. Other conceptual design progression has included a change from air to nitrogen gas in the target chase and decay pipe annulus cooling systems.

Weekly coordination with the Near Site Beamline design is ongoing to further develop the Conceptual Design in anticipation of the beginning of Preliminary Design in 2019.

The Main Injector (MI) Accelerator is part of the existing Fermilab infrastructure. The numerical addresses (e.g., MI-10, MI-14, MI-60, etc.), around the MI, are used to indicate the points of extraction, or locations of technical components, along the Main Injector. The baseline design for the LBNF Project extracts a proton beam from the MI-10 point of the Main Injector, which in conjunction with the Far Detector location, determines the location of the DUNE Near Detector (ND) and supporting Near Site Conventional Facilities. The Near Site Conventional Facilities not only provide the support buildings for the underground facilities, but also provides the infrastructure to house the Beamline technical systems from the extraction point, through the target and absorber, to the DUNE Near Detector. The required infrastructure is summarized below and detailed in this volume in the following sections: 3, The Facility Layout, 4, New Surface Buildings, and 5, New Underground Structures.

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After the proton beam is extracted from the Main Injector at MI-10 at the starting point (STA 0+00 which is approximately 0.76 ft upstream of the first extraction Lambertson magnet), about 30 ft below grade, the Beamline continues along the Primary Beam Enclosure at an incline into and through an embankment constructed of engineered fill that reaches a height of about 60 ft above existing grade.

After reaching the apex of the embankment, the Beamline declines back toward existing grade and through the Target Hall, a 636-ft (194-m) long Decay Region, and the Absorber Hall. Downstream of the Absorber Hall, the Beamline passes through 100 feet (30 m) of bulk steel shielding, then bedrock, allowing muons to range out before the beam of neutrinos enters the Near Detector Hall on the way to the Far Site. Figure 1-1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of the entire Near Site with the vertical scale exaggerated to show the entire Project alignment in one illustration. Other options that were considered are discussed in [1]

Figure 1-1: LBNF Overall Project Schematic Longitudinal Section View – Vertical Scale Exaggerated

Specifically, the beam will travel approximately 1078 ft (328.7 m) from the extraction point through the proposed Primary Beam Enclosure to the Target Hall where it interacts with a target and a focusing horn system to create an intense neutrino beam that will be directed through a 636-ft (194-m) long decay pipe through a hadron absorber and muon detectors, where the beam will then leave the Absorber Hall and travel 997 ft (304 m) through shielding and bedrock to the near detector, to range out muons. The neutrino beam will then continue through the earth’s mantle directed toward a detector located more than 1,300 km (~808 miles) away at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) located in Lead, South Dakota. SURF is referred to as the Far Site.

The Near Site Conventional Facilities LBNF Project layout at Fermilab, the Near Site, is shown in Figure 1-2 Following the beam from southeast to northwest, or from right to left in , is the Extraction Enclosure, the Primary Beam Enclosure and its accompanying surface-based Primary Beam Service Building (LBNF-5), collectively known as the Pre-Target, Target Complex (LBNF-20) located in the engineered fill embankment, the Decay Region, the underground Absorber Hall with Muon Alcove, and its surface-based Absorber Service Building (LBNF-30), collectively known as the Absorber Complex, and the underground Near Detector Hall and its surface-based Near Detector Service Building (LBNF-40), collectively known as the Near Detector Complex.

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Figure 1-2: LBNF Overall Project Layout at Fermilab

The beamline is designed for initial operation at a proton-beam power of 1.2 MW, with the capability to support an upgrade to 2.4 MW. Those components of the conventional facilities that cannot be upgraded efficiently in a cost effective manner are designed for a proton- beam power of 2.4 MW.

Examples of these components include the Decay Region and associated shielding (Section 5.2), the cast-in-place concrete and steel shielding in the Target Complex (Section 4.2), and Absorber Hall (Section 5.3).

1.2 Project Participants

The LBNF Beamline and DUNE Near Detector are planned to be located on the Fermilab site, which is managed by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC. The design and construction of LBNF Near Site Conventional Facilities will be executed in conjunction with the Facility Engineering Services Section (FESS) staff and Architectural / Engineering consultants.

The LBNF Project Conventional Facilities is managed by staff organized according to the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and is led by the Conventional Facilities Project Manager and a Deputy Project Manager. The supporting team also includes a Near Site Conventional Facilities Project Manager and a Near Site Conventional Facilities Project Engineer. The NSCF Project Manager is the LBNF Project liaison with the Beamline Project and the DUNE Project to ensure the beamline and Near Detector

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The NSCF team is supported by FESS Engineering Subject Matter Experts (SMEs).

The Conventional Facilities Near Site Deputy Project Manager will oversee multiple engineering design and construction consultants. The NSCF Project Engineer is tasked with the day-to-day technical execution of the design and coordination among the various design consultants and teams. Design consultants have specific areas of expertise in excavation, rock support, geotechnical engineering, geosynthetic barrier systems, fire/life safety, electrical power distribution, cyberinfrastructure, cooling with chilled water, and heating/ventilation systems. Design consultants for LBNF’s Conceptual Design were: M+W Group Inc. and AECOM for surface and underground facilities and infrastructure, and W.D.

Wightman & Company for rock excavation and support. In addition, Ed Kavazanjian, Ph.D. provided an independent review and assessment of the Geomembrane barrier system of the Decay Region that is discussed in 5.2.1. Construction at the Near Site will be executed under a Construction Manager/General Contractor (CM/GC) contract where the CM/GC will be, in industry terms, a CM at risk.

Interaction between FESS engineers, LBNF Near Site design teams, and design consultants is completed with weekly conferences, periodic design interface workshops, and electronic mail. The NSCF Project Manager and NSCF Project Engineer coordinates all information between design consultants to assure that design efforts remain on track.

Codes and Standards

Conventional Facilities to be constructed at the Near Site shall be design and constructed in conformance with the Fermilab ES&H Manual (FESHM) Chapter 1070, Work Smart Set, revision 9, dated September 2017 (http://esh.fnal.gov/xms/FESHM), but particularly the latest edition of the following codes and standards:

• Applicable Federal Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Executive Orders, and DOE Requirements

• International Building Code (IBC)

• “Fire Protection/Life Safety Assessment for the Conceptual Design of the Near Site of the Long- Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) MI-10 Shallow – CD-1 Reference Design”, dated August 10, 2012, by Aon/Schirmer Engineering

• The Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970 (OSHA)

• NFPA 101, Life Safety Code

• NFPA 520, Standard on Subterranean Spaces, 2005 Edition

• NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code

• American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318

• American Institute of Steel Construction Manual, 14th Edition http://esh.fnal.gov/xms/FESHM

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• ASHRAE 90.1-2007, Energy Standard for Buildings

• ASHRAE 62, Indoor Air Quality

• 2009 National Electrical Code (NEC)

• American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

• American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM)

• American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

• National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST)

• Insulated Cable Engineers Association (ICEA)

• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

• National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)

• American Society of Plumbing Engineers (ASPE)

• American Water Works Association (AWWA)

• American Society of Sanitary Engineering (ASSE)

• American Gas Association (AGA)

• National Sanitation Foundation (NSF)

• Illinois Plumbing Code

• Standard Specifications for Water and Sewer Main Construction in Illinois, Sixth Addition 2009, issued by the Illinois Society of Professional Engineers

• Federal American's with Disabilities Act (ADA) along with State of Illinois ADA amendments.

These requirements shall only be applied to those facilities which are located at the ground surface and accessible to the public.

Existing Site Conditions

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2 EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS

The LBNF Project area is located in the western portion of the Fermilab site in Batavia, Illinois. The sections below describe the known and anticipated surface conditions at the site and also include site geology, groundwater conditions, and natural gasses.

2.1 Surface Development, Topographic and Environmental

Conditions

The site is partially developed with existing surface and underground structures for the support of ongoing research at the laboratory. Existing underground structures include building foundations, buried utilities, shallow tunnel enclosures constructed by cut-and-cover methods, the associated remnants from previously constructed braced excavation structures, and the existing Neutrinos at Main Injector (NuMI) tunnel which was excavated in the same rock units that LBNF underground enclosures will encounter.

Existing facilities on or adjacent to the Fermilab property that will interface with or constrain the development of the Project are the Main Injector, Kautz Road, Indian Creek Road (also known as the Main Injector Road), the Main Injector Cooling Pond F, and Kirk Road.

The site surface topography is predominantly flat with areas of prairie grass, heavy brush, woodlands, wetlands and developed sites. Surface elevations within the Project area range from about 740 ft to 760 ft above mean sea level (MSL). The topography in the Project area is not an impediment to the development of the construction sites or the use of standard heavy equipment for construction.

2.2 Overview of Site Geology

Subsurface conditions at the Near Site comprises glacial, glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine deposits, along with flat lying bedrock strata of the middle to lower Silurian period. In descending order, the Silurian rock formations include the Markgraf and Brandon Bridge Members of the Joliet Formation, the Kankakee Formation and the Elwood Formation.

Glacial processes during the Wisconsin glaciation resulted in the deposition of a thick blanket of glacial tills, lacustrine silts and clays, and outwash sands and gravels across the Project area. The total thickness of these overburden sediments in the Project area ranges from about 50 ft to 85 ft. The majority of the sediments are over consolidated glacial till deposits consisting of silt, sand, gravel, cobbles and boulders in a predominantly clay matrix.

The Project area is situated on the eastern flank of a broad structural arch known as the Kankakee Arch, separating the Michigan and Illinois bedrock basins. The rock stratigraphy is composed of a sequence of sedimentary rocks consisting of dolomitic limestone, dolomite, siltstone and shale, generally Silurian in age. The underground structures for this Project will be excavated in formations of these rock types. The bedrock surface is an erosional unconformity where overlying rocks of the Upper Paleozoic Era have been removed by glaciation. The overall dip of the bedrock strata in this region is around 10 ft to 15 ft per mile to the southeast. Bedrock outcrop exposures are rare, except in quarries (North Aurora and Elmhurst) and river bluffs, as the rock strata are overlain by thick glacial deposits.

Existing Site Conditions

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The Fermilab site is located in a zone of the central mid-continent that is tectonically stable and a region of very low seismic risk. The closest known earthquake source zones capable of producing ground motions of any significance are located several hundred miles to the south. Active faults are not known to exist in the Project area.

Additional descriptions of subsurface materials, geologic profiles and boring logs along the Near Site Project alignment are provided in the LBNE Geotechnical Data Report (DUNE DocDB 383) prepared by AECOM, dated October 2013, [2] the LBNE Site Investigation Geotechnical Engineering Services Report [3] prepared by Groff Testing Corporation, dated February 26, 2010. An additional independent evaluation is documented in the Geotechnical Investigation, Huer Review [4].

2.3 Overview of Site Groundwater Conditions

The groundwater regime within the Project area is controlled by the glacial drift aquifer, bedrock aquifers and aquitards. The glacial drift aquifer can be categorized as buried and basal drift aquifers. The buried aquifers occur as isolated lenses or layers of permeable silt, sand and gravel outwash, separated by relatively impermeable clayey and silty tills. The basal aquifers are associated with localized lenses or layers of permeable silt, sand and gravel.

The upper bedrock aquifer consists of the upper weathered and jointed bedrock regardless of stratigraphy or lithology but dominantly the Silurian dolomite formations. The aquifer has a low primary permeability and a much higher secondary permeability consisting of local flow systems mostly associated with discontinuities in the rock mass. The upper bedrock aquifer is a groundwater source for many private and public wells in the Batavia area, including the main water supply for Fermilab. The potentiometric surface of the upper bedrock aquifer is approximately 10 ft below the bedrock surface;

however, groundwater elevations may vary.

Underground enclosures of the LBNF Project will be primarily constructed in the drift aquifer and the upper bedrock aquifer. A deeper bedrock aquifer will not be encountered during construction of any of the Project features; however, the Galena-Platteville Formation may be encountered in the near detector Hall excavation.

2.4 Occurrence of Natural Gases

Throughout northern Illinois, isolated pockets and production quantities of methane occur in organic silts and sands associated with interglacial periods, especially the Sangamon soil unit, which represents a long time interval between the Illinois and Wisconsin stages of glaciation. Methane and hydrogen sulfide gases in bedrock formations are uncommon and are usually a result of contaminated groundwater where present.

During geotechnical investigations for the nearby NuMI Project, boreholes and representative soil and rock samples were monitored with flammable gas detection meters in the field for the presence of methane. Methane gas was not detected and is not anticipated to be encountered during the LBNF Project excavations as further described in the LBNF Site Investigation Geotechnical Engineering Services Report [3] http://lbne2-docdb.fnal.gov:8080/cgi-bin/RetrieveFile?docid=8075&filename=Geotechnical%20Data%20Report%20-%20FINAL%20-%20AECOM%20October%202013.pdf&version=1

The Facility Layout

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3 THE FACILITY LAYOUT

The LBNF Conventional Facilities on the Near Site consist of Site Work, Pre-Target (includees the Extraction Enclosure, Primary Beam Enclosure, and the Primary Beam Service Building), Target Hall Complex, Absorber Complex (includes the Absorber Hall Service Building, Absorber Hall, and muon alcove), Decay Region, and the Near Detector Complex (includes the Near Detector Service Building and the Near Detector Hall) .

Figure 1-2 shows the Project site aerial view with LBNF facilities highlighted. The Project limits are bounded by Giese Road to the north, Kautz Road to the east, Main Injector Road to the south, and Kirk Road to the west. The Beamline is shown in red in Figure 1-2. The surface and near-surface buildings consist of:

• Primary Beam Service Building (LBNF-5)

• Target Hall Complex (LBNF-20)

• Absorber Hall Service Building (LBNF-30)

• Near Detector Service Building (LBNF-40)

The underground facilities consist of:

• Extraction Enclosure

• Primary Beam Enclosure

• Decay Region

• Absorber Hall and Muon Alcove

• Near Detector Hall

Each underground facility (with exception for the Decay Region which has no service building) has a surface/above-ground service building that functions as a conveyance conduit for conventional and programmatic (for the technical systems) utilities, location for equipment conveyance and personnel access, and egress from the underground enclosures. Note that the partially buried below grade Target Hall is included in the surface based Target Hall Complex at LBNF-20. Figure 1-1 shows the beamline facilities longitudinal section view and how the surface facilities relate to their corresponding underground facilities.

Based on the Conceptual Design, there will be approximately 250,000 yd3 of earth excavation, 15,000 yd3 of rock excavation, 100,000 yd3 of cast-in-place concrete, 2,000 lf of cut-and-cover excavation, two shafts for Near Neutrino Detector equipment handling, components handling and access/egress), and four new surface buildings with a combined floor space area of approximately 70,000 net sf.

The conceptual design drawings, LBNF Conventional Facilities at Fermilab [5], depict the general Project layout, transverse and longitudinal cross sections of surface and underground facilities, overall Project

Annex 3B-Opt: Conventional Facilities at the Near Site Page 3-19 of 85 and individual surface and underground facilities plan views, single line diagrams of mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and fire protection routing and layout, as well as details and general conceptual specifications of the Conventional Facilities as required by the technical system groups.

The LBNF Conventional Facilities CDR Drawings [5] are the source of most of the figures in this volume.

These drawings may be referenced for greater design detail of the Conventional Facilities planned at the Near Site.

Refer to Section 3.1.9 for a discussion of the planned construction phasing.

3.1 Project-Wide Considerations

There are several design considerations that apply to many of the facilities that will be constructed for LBNF and are not necessarily specific to any single structure or system. These considerations include the structural and architectural treatment of surface structures, structural and excavation approaches to underground or shallow buried structures, environmental protection, fire protection and life safety systems, safeguards and security, emergency shelter provisions, energy conservation, and DOE space allocation. These Project-wide considerations are addressed in this section.

3.1.1 Structural and Architectural for Surface Structures

The structural building and construction systems for the Near Site Conventional Facilities will be constructed utilizing conventional methods similar to systems established at Fermilab. The architectural features of the Near Site Conventional Facilities will include four surface or near-surface buildings:

• Primary Beam Service Building (LBNF-5)

• Target Hall Complex (LBNF-20)

• Absorber Service Building (LBNF-30)

• Near Detector Service Building (LBNF-40)

The Primary Beam Service Building (PBSB) and the Absorber Service Building (ASB) will be braced-frame, steel and concrete construction with prefinished insulated metal panel siding on shallow foundations.

Masonry walls will be used in fire rated areas for the PBSB. The construction type and style will be consistent with similar adjacent facilities on the Fermilab campus. The Target Complex comprises the Target Hall and Target Hall service building connected by various system support rooms. The Target Hall and support service rooms will be constructed of cast-in-place concrete having a natural concrete finish.

Thickness of concrete in the Target Hall and adjacent system support rooms are defined by structural and Environmental, Safety, and Health requirements as defined in the NSCF requirements. The Target Hall service building will a braced-frame, steel and concrete construction with prefinished insulated metal panel siding. The Target Hall Complex will be supported on a deep foundation comprised of drilled shafts. A Project-specific style of architecture will be developed to unify and mitigate the presence of new buildings upon the surrounding environment.

The Near Detector Service Building at LBNF-40 is architecturally significant because of its proximity to Kirk Road and visible to Fermilab’s residential neighbors to the west. Therefore, the architectural style of the Near Detector Service Building needs to be complimentary to the surroundings. A landscape

Annex 3B-Opt: Conventional Facilities at the Near Site Page 3-20 of 85 embankment or other screening mechanism is being considered between the construction/building site and Kirk Road to shield the neighbors from construction noise and to minimize the visual impact of the building. Communication with adjacent neighbors to discuss short-term construction concerns and long-term facility appearance is planned to commence with preliminary and final design of LBNF.

The applicable requirements of the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS), Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) will be incorporated into the design of this project. Compliance with the ADA will be based upon an evaluation of the job descriptions and required tasks for the personnel assigned to work in these surface buildings and underground facilities. Those areas of the buildings and underground facilities that will require accessibility as well as the established routes to those areas will be designed in full compliance with the existing statutes.

3.1.2 Structural and Excavation for Underground Structures

The construction systems for the underground portion of the LBNF Conventional Facilities will be constructed utilizing conventional underground excavation methods.

Most of the below-grade facilities to be built will be constructed using standard open cut methods. This includes much of the Extraction Enclosure, portions of the Primary Beam Enclosure, the Target Complex, the Decay Region, and the Absorber Hall.

To minimize settlement and help maintain beamline alignment, portions of the Primary Beam Enclosure, the Target Complex, and the upstream end of the Decay Region will be founded on deep foundations consisting of drilled shafts and piling to bedrock.

Some of the Primary Beam Enclosure and all of the Target Complex will be constructed in an embankment constructed of engineered fill that reaches a maximum height of about 60 ft above existing grade. The toe of the embankment is shown as a red dashed line in Figure 3-1. The extent and height of the embankment will cause consolidation (settlement) of native in situ soils resulting in potential adverse impacts to existing facilities including the Main Injector. Figure 3-1 also shows the locations, limits, and types of braced excavation, retaining wall systems, and a slurry trench (solid blue line) that are planned to provide protection of the Main Injector and other facilities.

Open cuts for the Decay Region and the Absorber Hall will require excavation 70 feet in soil and another 25 feet or so into the bedrock underlying the project site. Rock will be excavated using quarry-type drill-and-blast techniques. The lower half of the downstream one-third of the Decay Region and a portion of the Absorber Hall will be excavated in rock.

The Extraction Enclosure and Primary Beam Enclosure will be covered with the required minimum 25 ft of earth-equivalent shielding.

The Near Detector Hall will be constructed using conventional underground rock excavation and tunneling methods. Shaft excavations will employ an earth retention system in the soils. The rock portions of shaft and underground cavities and halls will be excavated using drill-and-blast methods.

Rock support of excavations in rock will be provided by rock bolts or rock dowels. Shotcrete will be applied to exposed rock faces.

Annex 3B-Opt: Conventional Facilities at the Near Site Page 3-21 of 85

Figure 3-1: Braced Excavation and Retaining Wall Systems with the Toe of the Embankment Shown in Red and the Slurry Trench in Blue

3.1.3 Environmental Protection

The overall environmental impact of this Project will be evaluated and reviewed as required to conform to applicable portions of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). All required permits will be obtained prior to the start of construction. During the ASP Preliminary Design phase of the Project, environmental consultants located and defined the limits of all areas of project impact, including wetland areas, floodplain and storm water management areas, sites of archaeological concern, and any other ecological resource areas. This effort has been continued into the Site Preparation design that is currently proceeding. This provided input to the Fermilab NEPA Program Manager and DOE in the preparation of an Environmental Assessment.

A wetland delineation and wetland study were conducted in areas that are anticipated to…