KEYS_Bid_13-25_Specifications_for_Decommissioned_Smokestack_Repairs_and_Painting.pdf

KEYS BID 13-25 SPECIFICATIONS FOR DECOMMISSIONED SMOKESTACK REPAIRS

AND PAINTING

CALL FOR BIDS

THE UTILITY BOARD OF THE CITY OF KEY WEST, FLORIDA, operator of Keys Energy Services (KEYS), hereby gives notice to prospective bidders that sealed proposals will be received by KEYS electronically until 10:00 a.m. on Friday, May 30, 2025 for:

KEYS BID 13-25

SPECIFICATIONS FOR DECOMMISSIONED SMOKESTACK REPAIRS AND PAINTING

KEYS has instituted VendorLink and DemandStar systems to provide current information to potential bidders. These systems will allow you to receive bid information quickly and at your convenience 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Specifications may be obtained from their websites at www.myvendorlink.com or www.DemandStar.com. Registered vendors will be notified automatically of all Requests for Proposals. You may also visit www.KeysEnergy.com for links and download information for all KEYS bid specifications.

It shall be the sole responsibility of each bidder to have their bid electronically delivered on or before the time for opening proposals last announced to bidders. Emailed proposals will not be accepted. Should a vendor not be able to submit via VendorLink or DemandStar, paper submittals will be accepted. Paper submittals must be received prior to the opening date and time in order to be considered. Paper submittals, if applicable, are to be delivered via FedEx, UPS, or in-person to:

Keys Energy Services Bid Opening Committee – KEYS Bid 13-25 6900 Front Street Extended

Key West, FL 33040 Note: This address does not receive US Postal Service.

Any proposal received after the time last announced for opening proposals may be retained by KEYS or returned to the bidder, but such proposal may be rejected as not responsive.

A mandatory site visit must be scheduled with Project Manager, Brittani Harden, at (305) 295-1181 or brittani.harden@keysenergy.com. All site inspections must be performed no later than Friday, May 9, 2025. There will be a sign-in sheet that must be completed to be qualified to submit a proposal. Proposals received by Contractors who do not visit the site or fail to sign in will be rejected.

Vendors with questions pertaining to this bid specification must submit them in writing via email to purchasing@keysenergy.com no later than Friday, May 16, 2025 at noon. Any questions received after noon on May 16, 2025 will not be addressed.

Each proposal should be accompanied by a Certified Check or Bid Bond payable to the UTILITY BOARD OF THE CITY OF KEY WEST in an amount not less than five (5%) percent of the amount of the proposal as security.

Each proposal should constitute an offer to KEYS, as outlined therein, and should be irrevocable after the time announced for the opening thereof.

At a meeting of the BID OPENING COMMITTEE to be held virtually on Friday, May 30, 2025 at 10:00 a.m. Proposals will be opened and vendor names will be publicly read aloud.

KEYS reserves the right to reject any or all proposals, to waive irregularities and informalities in any or all proposals, and to separately accept or reject any item, items, bid schedule or bid schedules of the proposal which KEYS deems to be in the best interest of the Utility Board.

Tyler Randolph, Purchasing Supervisor http://www.myvendorlink.com/ http://www.demandstar.com/taf/agencycp.taf?_function=list&A=335 http://www.keysenergy.com/ mailto:brittani.harden@keysenergy.com mailto:purchasing@keysenergy.com

KEYS BID 13-25 SPECIFICATIONS FOR DECOMMISSIONED SMOKESTACK

REPAIRS AND PAINTING

GENERAL

Keys Energy Services (KEYS) is a municipal electric utility supplying power to residents of the lower Florida Keys. KEYS is located in the extreme southern tip of peninsular Florida, situated in Monroe County, Florida, primarily what is considered the “Lower Keys”, which extends eastwardly from Key West to the west end of the Seven-Mile Bridge. Corporate Offices are located at 1001 James Street, Key West, Florida and the Transmission and Distribution (T&D) Facility is located on Stock Island at 6900 Front Street Extended, Key West, Florida 33040.

KEYS and its representatives have exercised due care in preparing this Request for Proposals (RFP). All information contained herein is believed to be substantially correct. However, bidders should verify information independently if desired. KEYS and its representatives do not warrant the accuracy of information contained herein.

SPECIFICATIONS

The purpose of this bid is to secure the services of a licensed and insured contractor for the recommended repairs of the 2024 Inspection Report, Attachment 1, and painting of a 106’ decommissioned smokestack that is currently being leased for communications.

The contractor shall provide all necessary labor, supervision, materials, tools, equipment, and transportation to perform the following tasks:

1. Replace broken aviation light bulb(s) at top of stack.

2. Replace the dislodged ladder rung at the 8’ level with a new rung.

3. Replace or repair the holes and severely deteriorated regions in the 97’ 6” level platform handrails and kickplates.

4. Remove the existing pipes under the platform grating previously used to support antennas.

5. Reconnect the broken vertical ladder cage bar at the 38’ level.

6. Clean and treat the numerous local areas of scaling and rust.

7. Clean and treat the lower regions of the anchor bolts where paint has peeled and rust and debris have accumulated.

8. Paint entire stack per aviation guidelines, Attachment 2.

a. Paint to be applied by roller. Other methods must be approved by KEYS prior to work beginning.

In addition, Contractor shall be responsible for, but not limited to:

1. Protection of all adjacent areas and landscaping and the subsequent restoration of such should damage occur.

2. Scheduling of work with the Fleets and Facilities Supervisor or their designee.

3. Debris removal and restoration to any existing areas damaged by the contractor once the project is completed. All work sites shall be made safe and clean of debris at the end of each workday.

4. All precautions need to be taken for life safety and protection of people, vehicles, and all other structures on the site.

5. Remove all excess paint that has been misplaced on other surfaces.

6. Dimensions, square footages, and quantities are the responsibility of the contractor.

7. Before, during, and after pictures are to be submitted within 2 weeks of project completion.

8. An English-speaking on-site Project Manager/Superintendent must be present at all times.

All communications given to and all decisions made by the Project Manager/Superintendent shall be binding on the contractor.

9. Paint colors are to be submitted to Fleets & Facilities Supervisor for approval prior to purchase.

LOCATION

Keys Energy Services Transmission & Distribution Facility – Ralph Garcia Building 6900 Front Street Extended Key West, Florida 33040

PERMITTING

All related permit, license, impact or inspection fees that are related to this project will be the sole responsibility of the contractor, therefore proposers should include permit costs in their total proposal price.

MANDATORY SITE VISIT

A mandatory site visit must be scheduled with Project Manager, Brittani Harden, at (305) 295- 1181 or brittani.harden@keysenergy.com. All site inspections must be performed no later than May 9, 2025. There will be a sign-in sheet that must be completed to be qualified to submit a proposal. Proposals received by Contractors who do not visit the site or fail to sign in will be rejected.

Any vendor who has performed a site inspection within the previous 12 months may request a waiver of the Mandatory Site Inspections.

SCHEDULE

Work may take place at any time, including weekends. A tentative schedule must be submitted with the proposal based on Utility Board approval on June 18, 2025.

BLACK OUT DATES

New Year’s Day January 1st Martin Luther King, Jr. Birthday January, 3rd Monday President’s Day February, 3rd Monday Memorial Day May, Last Monday Independence Day July 4th Labor Day September, 1st Monday Columbus Day October, 2nd Monday Veteran’s Day November 11th Thanksgiving Day November, 4th Thursday Day After Thanksgiving November Christmas Eve December 24th Christmas December 25th New Year’s Eve Day December 31st – Half day mailto:brittani.harden@keysenergy.com

When a holiday falls on a Sunday, the Monday following shall be considered the holiday. When a holiday falls on a Saturday, the Friday prior thereto shall be considered the holiday.

ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1 – 2024 Inspection Report Attachment 2 – Aviation Guidelines

PROPOSAL CONTENTS & EVALUATION

The proposal should include a description of the firm’s capabilities and experience with providing the requested services, including a description of any special qualifications which are indicative of working familiarity with similar projects.

The proposals will be rated by the following Evaluation Criteria:

a. Experience with similar projects (30%);

b. Project management approach (10%);

c. Pricing (40%);

d. References and past performance (20%).

BID SUBMITTAL

Proposals shall be submitted electronically via VendorLink or DemandStar prior to the opening date and time. Emailed proposals will not be accepted. Should a vendor not be able to submit via VendorLink or DemandStar, paper submittals will be accepted. Paper submittals must be received before the opening date and time to be considered.

Paper submittals can be sent via FedEx, UPS, or In-Person to:

Keys Energy Services Bid Opening Committee – Bid 13-25 6900 Front Street Extended Key West, Florida 33040 Note: This address does not receive US Postal Service.

Bidders must submit the following to be found responsive:

1. Bid Bond or Cashier’s Check for 5% of Total

2. Proposal Page

3. Insurance Agent’s Statement

4. Bidder’s Statement

5. Safety Compliance Affidavit

6. Drug-Free Workplace Statement

7. Public Entity Crimes Sworn Statement

8. Hourly Rates for Labor and Equipment – to be used should additional work/material outside of the scope of work is required

ATTACHMENT 1

2024 Inspection Report

Table of Contents

Page

Summary 1 Stack Description 1 Inspection Procedure 2 Inspection Findings 2 - 5 Conclusions 6 Repair Actions 6

Appendix

Development Drawing A Exterior Inspection Photographs B Interior Inspection Photographs C

Inspection of 106’ Decommissioned Unit #1 Steel Stack

Summary

On December 11, 2024, a principal from Bednash Consulting, Inc. performed a visual and non-destructive inspection of the Decommissioned Unit #1 stack at the Keys Energy Ralph Garcia Plant located on Stock Island, Florida. The stack is no longer used to exhaust flue gas but is used to support cellular antenna. This report describes the inspection findings and provides maintenance recommendations to extend the useful life of the stack.

Stack Description

A development drawing of the stack is included in Appendix A. A description is given below.

Steel Stack Year erected: 1971 Height: 106’-0” (above foundation)

Top outside diameter: 5’-3” (plumb for uppermost 4’), then constant taper for next 5’-0” to 8’-1” Midsection outside diameter: 8’-1” (between the 45’-6” and 97’ levels) Base outside diameter: 11’-10” (constant taper grade to 45’-6” level) Original plate thickness: Varies (¼” at top to ½” at base) Added exterior plates: 28’ region above anchors (added ¼” thick plate) Material: All plate & stiffeners = A36 carbon steel

Internal lining: 2½” gunite lining w/ anchors (full height) Exterior paint system: Aviation orange/white striping

Breeching duct Quantity: 1 duct covered with A36 closure plate Size: 5’-5” wide by 12’-0” high

Sill elevation: 27’-3” above the base Orientation: Enters from north side

Appurtenances External ladders: Caged (grade to 104’ level, west side) Not caged (98’ - 107’ levels, northwest side)

Exterior platforms: 3’-6” wide x 3600 at 98’-0” level Full grating with handrails atop the stack (106’)

Aviation lights: 3 sets of 2 lights at 1200 (111’ level) Gas sampling ports: Various ports at 45’, 70’, 78’ and 103’ levels

Access hatch: 2’ x 3’ with sill at 2’-3” (north side) False floor: None Drainpipe: 4” stub section on south side at 3’ level Anchor bolts: (28) 2¾”anchors on a 12’-6”bolt circle Lightning protection: 1 air terminal at top (pipe supported, east side) An upper encircling cable (100’ level) 1 downlead cable (east side) 2 grounding cables 1800 apart (east & west)

Antenna Cellular antenna levels: One level with nine antennas (3 E, 3 W, 3 N) Elevation: 104’-4” to 109’-4” levels (six 5’ tall, three 2’ tall)

Inspection Procedure

Exterior A visual inspection of the stack exterior was made from grade, the full height ladder on the west side, the 98’-6” level platform, and the small platform atop the stack (106’ level).

Photographs taken of the exterior surfaces and stack appurtenances are presented in Appendix B of this report.

Interior From above and within the base of the stack, the upper and lower elevations of the interior were inspected. The remaining interior surfaces were inspected by lowering a video camera for the full height. Photographs of interior surfaces are presented in Appendix C of this report.

Inspection Findings

Stack Plate Thickness / Weld Condition The overall condition of the original plates and added exterior stack plates between the 30’ and 2’-6” levels remained good. Over the full height of the stack, no obvious signs of immediate structural concerns (bulges, buckles or cracked welds) were identified.

Plate thickness readings obtained during the 2024 inspection are shown on the Appendix A drawing. When compared to readings obtained during the 2022 inspection, no obvious changes were noted with any of the plate thickness readings. None of the recent readings were found to be abnormal, “thin” or in need of further attention.

In 2019, seven areas of the added exterior plates in the lowermost 30’ were repaired.

The defective areas were mostly along cracked or defective welds at the connection of the added plates to the original structural plate. During the recent 2024 inspection, no obvious concerns were noted at any of the repaired regions. Minor concerns existed at the 14’ level on the west side where paint was peeled and rust existed, but immediate repairs to this region were not warranted.

When compared to the 2022 inspection, the overall condition of the aviation striping paint system was slightly more weathered, but the overall condition of the paint remained fair.

Numerous local areas of peeled and blistered paint existed over the height of the stack, mostly along the caged ladder and the 96’ level platform. Repainting of the entire stack was not required, but new paint should be applied to the local areas of the caged ladder and 96’ level platform.

Lightning Protection System Since the 2022 inspection, the single air terminal at the top of the stack had dislodged and could not be located. It appeared the threaded region of the U-bolt had corroded, causing the air terminal to drop. The grounding cable along the copper pipes and the support brackets to the handrails remained secure. Beyond the missing air terminal, connection of the downlead cable along the full height of the stack was good. Photos 9 – 12 show the broken U-bolt and secured copper pipe at the top of the east side.

At the base of the stack, the two grounding cables remained secure to the stack and appeared properly grounded into the foundation.

Inspection Findings (cont’d)

Internal Gunite Lining Since the 2022 inspection, no significant changes were identified throughout the gunite lining. A few more spalled gunite pieces were noted on the chimney floor, but the majority of the gunite remained adhered to the steel walls.

The level of spalling and number of exposed anchors in the uppermost 10’ appeared to have increased only slightly. Exposed longhorn anchors possessed varying levels of rust, but all appeared secure to the stack plate. No areas of exposed base metal were observed in the upper elevations.

The deteriorated stop bar at the 101’-6” level (4’-6” from the top) was exposed for the full perimeter of the stack. The level of deterioration along the bar was severe as scaling and pitting were obvious along all regions. In 2022, regions behind the stop bar were exposed and the stack plate connection weld at this level was found to be sound. The gunite above and below the stop bar was spalled but no areas of base metal were observed. Photos 111 - 122 show the gunite, exposed anchors and gunite stop bar in the upper elevations of the stack.

With the exception of the region described above, the video of the full height of the interior showed no obvious concerns throughout the gunite lining. No areas below the 101’-6” level stop bar warranted further inspection or repair. Below the 90’ level nearly all surfaces were free from defects and appeared adhered to the interior surface of the steel stack. Photos 123 - 154 show the interior condition of the gunite lining between the 90’ and 5’ levels.

At the two levels of gas sampling ports, only minor concerns were seen local to the port pipes. Photos 129 - 136 show this region.

The gunite surrounding the breeching duct opening and closure plate remained in good condition. No interior concerns were observed with the blanking plate or pipe stiffeners across the opening. Photos 141 - 145 show the region local to the blanked duct.

All gunite in the lower elevations remained adhered to the wall. The gunite around the access opening remained slightly deteriorated (Photos 154 - 156), but repairs were not warranted.

No changes were identified in the base of the chimney since the last inspection. The sloped gunite forming the stack floor possessed minor levels of gunite, debris and approximately three inches of standing water. Photos 157 - 158 show the gunite on the floor and accumulated debris on the floor.

Aviation Lights The three sets of dual red aviation lights, housings, support brackets, conduits and cables were secure and, except for one light not operating, all components remained secure and in good condition. Five of the six steady red lights were operating properly, but one of the two lights on the northeast side was burnt out. Photos 13 – 15 show the three sets of lights.

Cellular Antennas Since the 2022 inspection, the nine cellular antennas at the top of the stack have been replaced and the support frame on the north side modified. Eight foot tall antennas have been replaced with shorter ones and slightly repositioned. Apart from minor levels of rust along the horizontal tubes and pipes connected to encircling bands (Photos 33 and 35), all support bands, connection members and support pipes remained secure.

Two additional diagonal support pipes have been added to the north side antennas.

One of these two added horizontal pipes is positioned through the upper access ladder (Photos 18 and 29). Beyond the added pipe blocking access to the ladder, no immediate concerns were noted along any of the antennas or antenna support pipes on the east, west or north sides. All coaxial cables and supports to the stack along the southwest side near the ladder remained secure. Photos 23 – 28, 33, 35 and 37 show the antennas and antenna support components at the top of the stack.

Since the 2022 inspection, the surveillance camera and small panel antennas mounted to the handrails above the 106’ level platform have been removed.

Full Grated Platform (106’ level atop the stack) No significant changes were noted with any of these platform components since the 2022 inspection. The two safety chains possessed slightly more surface rust, and no connection hardware existed at the open end of either chain (Photo 20). All handrails, midrails, posts and circular sections of grating remained in good condition with only weathered and peeled paint observed along the handrails. Photos 17 - 20 show the uppermost platform components.

Exterior Ladder (98’ - 107’ levels) Except for the recently installed antenna support pipe above the upper rung of this ladder, no changes were noted along this short ladder. All components remained in good condition. The paint covering the ladder remained in fair condition, but no deteriorated areas were seen. The two brackets at the 106’ level were secure to the stack and ladder siderails. No cage or safety cable existed on this ladder. The connection of the lower left siderail to the grating remained loose, but the bracket below the right siderail was secure.

Photos 29 - 30 show the upper ladder.

3600 Access Platform (98’ level) Since the 2022 inspection, several deteriorated regions of handrails, handrail posts and toeplates have been identified. Photos 41 - 44 show three of these regions. Immediate repairs or replacement of these components were not warranted, but funds should be budgeted and repairs made within the next two years.

Beyond the eroded regions described above, the condition of the remaining platform components remained good. All connections (bolts, welds, and grating clips) were present and secure. Photos 34, 36, 38 - 44 and 51 - 52 show the components of this platform.

3600 Sampling Platforms (74’ & 66’ levels) In 2019, these two platforms were completely removed from the stack. Only the circumferential stiffeners once used to connect platform members remain. Along these stiffeners, minor levels of rust and staining were noted. Photos 2, 4, 6, 8, 57, 59 and 61 show the remaining external stiffeners.

Gas Sampling Ports (78’. 70’ and 40’ levels) When viewed from the 98’ level platform, the caged ladder and grade, the condition of all remaining port pipes, flanges, and connection welds to the stack exterior appeared good.

No changes were identified since the last inspection. Photo 85 shows one of the projecting ports.

Main Caged Ladder (Grade to 102’ level) Changes noted along this ladder since the 2022 inspection are listed below.

The ladder rung at 8’ above grade was broken from the ladder and found on the ground near the stack. Photo 89 shows the dislodged rung. The ends of the rung were slightly eroded.

At the 38’ level, a vertical cage bar had broken from a horizontal cage bar and was leaning away from the cage (Photos 77 - 78).

At approximately ten additional areas along the cage ladder, significant levels of rust and scaling were noted. Photos 72 – 76 and 79 show several of these regions.

Heavy levels of rust and scaling were noted at the connection of the 46’ level rung to the siderail (Photo 71).

Beyond the areas described above, the overall condition of the main ladder and ladder cage components remained good. Local areas of rust along the siderails remained (Photos 53 - 54). All bracket connections to the stack remained sound and the ladder was secure over the full height of the stack.

Except for minor levels of rust on the components securing the safety cable at the top, the stainless-steel safety cable was secure and in good condition. Photos 47 - 50 show the rust on the upper components. Photos 55, 56 and 80 show the good condition of the three safety cable guides.

Breeching Duct Stub Section / Duct Cover Plate The exterior condition of the breeching duct plate and opening reinforcing stiffeners on each side of the opening and the blanking plate remained fair. The level of rust and the holes at corroded regions at the outer edge of the duct was slightly higher than noted in 2022, but no areas warranted immediate repair. No concerns were seen along the connection welds of the duct to the stack or the stiffeners to the sides of the duct.

Photos 81 – 84 and 145 show the duct.

Access Door The access door at the base of the north side was repaired in 2019 and remained in good working condition during the recent inspection. Photos 93 - 94 show the door.

Anchor Bolts and Anchor Bolt Chairs The overall condition of the 28 anchor bolts and anchor chair assemblies remained good.

All heavy hex nuts were present and appeared secure and all plate connection welds appeared sound. Since being repainted in 2022, only a few areas of cracked or peeled paint have developed along the top of the base ring. Photos 95 – 98 and 103 - 110 show the anchor bolts and local areas of deterioration at the base of the stack.

Conclusions

The overall condition of the stack remained good, and no component or region warranted immediate repair or replacement. Regions of the caged ladder and several components at the top of the stack warrant future repairs. Each of these items are described below.

Repair categories associated with each repair action are listed below.

Repair Categories:

I Items that require immediate attention to ensure the structural capacity of the stack or could affect personnel safety.

II Items that can wait to be placed into the budget cycle and have money approved to make the repairs/modifications within the next 2 years.

III Items that can be considered longer term maintenance issues (2 + years).

Repair Actions

Item

1. Replace the one broken aviation light bulb at the top (northeast, Photo 13).

2. Replace the dislodged ladder rung at the 8’ level with a new rung (Photo 89).

3. Replace or repair the holes and severely deteriorated regions in the 97’-6” level platform handrails and kickplates. Photos 41 – 44 show the severely deteriorated regions. Remove the existing pipes under the platform grating previously used to support antennas. Paint all repaired or replaced regions to match the existing paint.

4. Reconnect the broken vertical ladder cage bar at the 38’ level (Photo 77).

Clean and paint the numerous local areas of scaling and rust along the repaired and other regions of the ladder cage and ladder components.

Photos 72 – 76 and 79 show additional regions of deterioration along the ladder.

5. Clean and paint the lower regions of the anchor bolts where paint has peeled and rust and debris have accumulated. Photos 103 – 110 show several of the regions requiring attention.

6. Perform a thorough inspection of the stack (internal/external) every 3 years.

Repair Category

II

III

Appendix A

Development Drawing

Appendix B

Exterior Inspection Photographs

Appendix C

Interior Inspection Photographs

ATTACHMENT 2

Aviation Guidelines

1.

U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration

ADVISORY

CIRCULAR

AC 70/7460-1M

Obstruction Marking and Lighting

Effective: 11/16/2020 Initiated by: Policy Assurance

AC 70/7460-1M 11/16/2020

Advisory Circular

Subject: Obstruction Marking and Lighting Date: 11/16/2020 AC No. 70/7460-1M Initiated By: AJV-P13

Purpose.

This Advisory Circular (AC) describes the Federal Aviation Administration’s standards for marking and lighting structures to promote aviation safety.

Cancellation. AC 70/7460-1L, change 2, Obstruction Marking and Lighting, dated August 2018 is cancelled by this version.

1. Effective Date. This AC is effective November 16, 2020.

2. Related Documents.

a. Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 77 describes the standards used relative to objects in the navigable airspace and specifies the requirements for notice to the Administrator of certain proposed construction or alteration.

b. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) specifications are contained in Part 17 of the FCC Rules and Regulations

Principal Changes.

This circular contains numerous editorial changes. Major changes are listed below.

a. Page 2, Addition of Note. The FAA has changed specifications for light emitting diode (LED)-based red obstruction lights to make them visible to pilots using certain night vision goggle systems. Effective with the implementation of this change in FAA AC 150/5345-43, Specification for Obstruction Lighting Equipment, manufacturers will be required to meet the new specification for certified red LED-based obstruction lights.

b. Page 6, Removed paragraph 2.8, Obstruction Height Definition. Structures lower than 499 feet AGL can be considered obstructions. As written, the paragraph caused confusion and was deleted.

c. Informational paragraphs are added regarding the change to manufacturing standards for LED-based red obstruction lights compatibility with night vision goggle systems and maintaining conspicuity to avoid misinterpretation when replacing lights.

d. Reorganized information in Chapter 11, Marking and Lighting of Catenary and Catenary Support Structures and chapter 13, Marking and Lighting Wind Turbines.

e. Reorganized chapters by subject matter and figures in , Pages A-1 to A- 29, as well as minor grammatical changes

f. Added Chapter 14, Marking and Lighting Temporary Structures and associated figures in the Appendix, Figures A-31 through A-33.

g. Added Figure 22, Catenary Markers - Line Spacing (Adjacent Lines Within 200 feet (60.96

m) or Less

h. Added , Figure 30 Wind Turbine Lighting During Construction.

Comments or Suggestions.

Direct comments or suggestions regarding this AC to:

Federal Aviation Administration Manager, Policy Assurance Attention: AJV-P13 600 Independence Avenue, S.W.

Washington, DC 20591

Karen Chiodini, Director (A) Policy, AJV-P Mission Support Services Federal Aviation Administration

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1. ADMINISTRATIVE AND GENERAL PROCEDURES

1.1 Reporting Requirements

1.2 Preconstruction Notice

1.3 FAA Acknowledgement

1.4 Supplemental Notice Requirement

1.5 Modifications and Deviations

1.6 Additional Notification

CHAPTER 2. GENERAL

2.1 Structures to be Marked and Lighted

2.2 Guyed Structures

2.3 Marking and Lighting Equipment

2.4 Light Failure Notification

2.5 Notification of Restoration

2.6 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Requirement

2.7 Voluntary Marking of Meteorological Evaluation Towers (MET) Less Than 200 Feet (60.96 m) AGL

CHAPTER 3. MARKING GUIDELINES

3.1 Purpose

3.2 Paint Colors

3.3 Paint Standards

3.4 Paint Patterns

3.5 Unlighted Markers

3.6 Unusual Complexities

3.7 Omission or Alternatives to Marking

CHAPTER 4. LIGHTING GUIDELINE

4.1 Purpose

4.2 Standards

4.3 Lighting Systems

4.4 Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance

4.5 Nonstandard Lights

4.6 Placement Factors

4.7 Monitoring Obstruction Lights

4.8 Ice Shields

4.9 Light Shields

4.10 Distractions

CHAPTER 5. RED OBSTRUCTION LIGHT SYSTEM

5.1 Purpose

5.2 Standards

5.3 Control Device

5.4 Alternate Method of Displaying Obstruction Lights

5.5 Poles, Towers, and Similar Skeletal Structures

5.6 Chimneys, Flare Stacks, and Similar Solid Structures (except Hyperbolic Cooling Towers)

5.7 Prominent Buildings, Bridges, and Similar Extensive Obstructions

5.8 Group of Obstructions

CHAPTER 6. MEDIUM-INTENSITY FLASHING WHITE OBSTRUCTION LIGHT

SYSTEMS

6.1 Purpose

6.2 Standards

6.3 Control Device

6.4 Radio and Television Towers and Similar Skeletal Structures

6.5 Chimneys, Flare Stacks, and Similar Solid Structures

6.6 Prominent Buildings and Similar Extensive Obstructions

6.7 Group of Obstructions

6.8 Special Cases

CHAPTER 7. HIGH-INTENSITY FLASHING WHITE OBSTRUCTION LIGHT

SYSTEMS

7.1 Purpose

7.2 Standards

7.3 Control Device

7.4 Units per Level

7.5 Installation Guidance

7.6 Radio and Television Towers and Similar Skeletal Structures

7.7 Antenna or Similar Appurtenance Light

7.8 Chimneys, Flare Stacks, and Similar Solid Structures

7.9 Prominent Buildings and Similar Extensive Obstructions

7.10 Hyperbolic Cooling Towers

7.11 Special Cases

CHAPTER 8. DUAL LIGHTING WITH RED/MEDIUM-INTENSITY FLASHING

WHITE LIGHT SYSTEMS

8.1 Purpose

8.2 Installation

8.3 Operation

8.4 Control Device

8.5 Antenna or Similar Appurtenance Light

8.6 Omission of Marking

CHAPTER 9. DUAL LIGHTING WITH RED/HIGH-INTENSITY FLASHING WHITE

LIGHT SYSTEMS

9.1 Purpose

9.2 Installation

9.3 Operation

9.4 Control Device

9.5 Antenna or Similar Appurtenance Light

9.6 Omission of Marking

CHAPTER 10. AIRCRAFT DETECTION LIGHTING SYSTEMS

10.1 Purpose

10.2 General Standards

CHAPTER 11. MARKING AND LIGHTING OF CATENARY AND CATENARY

SUPPORT STRUCTURES

11.1 Purpose

11.2 Lighted Spherical Markers

11.3 Catenary Marking Standards

11.4 Catenary Lighting Standards

11.5 Control Device

11.6 Area Surrounding Catenary Wire Support Structures

11.7 Three or More Catenary Wire Support Structures

CHAPTER 12. MARKING AND LIGHTING MOORED BALLOONS AND KITES

12.1 Purpose

12.2 Standards

12.3 Marking

12.4 Purpose

12.5 Operational Characteristics

CHAPTER 13. MARKING AND LIGHTING WIND TURBINES

13.1 Purpose

13.2 General Standards

13.3 Wind Turbine Configurations

13.4 Marking Standards

13.5 Lighting Standards

13.6 Wind Turbines Above 499 Feet (152.10 m)

13.7 Wind Turbines at or Above 699 Feet (213.36 m)

13.8 Lighting of Wind Turbines During Construction Phase

13.9 Lighting and Marking of Airborne Wind Turbines

13.10 Lighting and Marking of Offshore Wind Turbines

CHAPTER 14. MARKING AND LIGHTING TEMPORARY STRUCTURES

14.1 Purpose

14.2 General Standards

14.3 Marking Standards

14.4 Lighting Standards

14.5 Operational Characteristics

CHAPTER 15. MARKING AND LIGHTING EQUIPMENT AND INFORMATION

15.1 Purpose

15.2 Paint Standard

15.3 Availability of Specifications and Advisory Circulars

15.4 Lights and Associated Equipment Standards

15.5 Availability of Military Specifications

APPENDIX A: SPECIFICATIONS FOR OBSTRUCTION LIGHTING EQUIPMENT

CLASSIFICATION

Table A-1. FAA-Approved Obstruction Lighting Fixtures

Figure A-1. Meteorological Evaluation Tower (MET) Marking Standards (Monopole Structure)

Figure A-2. Meteorological Evaluation Tower (MET) Marking Standards (Guyed Structure)

Figure A-3. Painting and Lighting of Water Towers, Storage Tanks, and Similar Structures

Figure A-4. Painting and Lighting of Water Towers and Similar Structures

Figure A-5. Painting a Single Pedestal Water Tower Using the Teardrop Pattern

Figure A-6. Red Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style A)

Figure A-7. Dual Lighting of Poles, Towers, and Similar Structures/Lighting and Painting of Chimneys

Figure A-8. Bridge Lighting

Figure A-9. Medium-Intensity White Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style D)

Figure A-10. Lighting of Chimneys, Flare Stacks, or Similar Solid Structures

Figure A-11. Lighting Adjacent Structures—Light Level Adjustment

Figure A-12. Lighting Adjacent Structures

Figure A-13. High-Intensity White Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style B)—With Appurtenance 40 Feet or Less

Figure A-14. High-Intensity White Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style C)—With Appurtenance Over 40 Feet High

Figure A-15. Lighting Hyperbolic Cooling Tower

Figure A-16. Medium-Intensity Dual Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style E)

Figure A-17. Medium-Intensity Lighting—Establishing the Location of Top Beacons

Figure A-18. High-Intensity Dual Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style F)—With Appurtenance Over 40 Feet High

Figure A-19. High-Intensity Dual Obstruction Light Standards (FAA Style G)—With Appurtenance 40 Feet or Less

Figure A-20. Aircraft Detection Lighting System (sample coverage map)

Figure A-21. Catenary Unlighted Markers (less than 69 kV)

Figure A-22. Catenary Markers – Line Spacing (Adjacent Lines Within 200 ft.

(60.96 m) or Less)

Figure A-23. Catenary Markers - Line Spacing (Adjacent Lines Greater Than 200 ft.

(60.96 m) Away)

Figure A-24. Catenary Lighted Markers – Used in Conjunction with Unlighted Markers (69 kV or greater)

Figure A-25. Catenary Obstruction Lighting

Figure A-26. Wind Turbine Lighting Configurations

Figure A-27. Lighting and Marking of Wind Turbines – Paint Schemes

Figure A-28. Wind Turbine Lighting and Marking in Snow Prone Areas (Optional)

Figure A-29. Wind Turbine Lighting

Figure A-30. Marking and Lighting of Turbines During Construction

Figure A-31. Crawler Crane Marking and Lighting

Figure A-32. Tower Crane Marking and Lighting

Figure A-33. Container Crane Marking and Lighting

APPENDIX B: MISCELLANEOUS

APPENDIX C: ACRONYMS

11/16/2020 AC 70/7460-1M

CHAPTER 1. ADMINISTRATIVE AND GENERAL PROCEDURES

1.1 Reporting Requirements.

A Sponsor proposing any type of construction or alteration of a structure that may affect the National Airspace System (NAS) as required under the provisions of Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 14, Aeronautics and Space, Part 77, Safe, Efficient Use, and Preservation of the Navigable Airspace (14 CFR, Part 77), is to notify the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) by completing the FAA Form 7460-1, Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration.

This form should be filed electronically at https://oeaaa.faa.gov. The website includes the FAA Notice Criteria Tool for Sponsors use to determine if the structure exceeds criteria threshold and requires a notice to be filed.

1.2 Preconstruction Notice.

The notice must be submitted:

1. At least 45 days prior to the date of proposed construction or alteration is to begin.

2. On or before the date an application for a construction permit is filed with the Federal

Communications Commission (FCC). The FCC advises its applicants to file with the FAA well in advance of the 45-day period to expedite FCC processing.

1.3 FAA Acknowledgement.

The FAA will acknowledge, electronically, each FAA Form 7460-1 notice received.

1.4 Supplemental Notice Requirement.

1. If required, the FAA will include a statement requiring the filing of FAA Form 7460-2, Notice of Actual Construction or Alteration, on the determination. All FAA Forms 7460-2 should be filed electronically at https://oeaaa.faa.gov.

2. FAA Form 7460-2, Part 1, must be submitted to the FAA at least ten days prior to starting the actual construction or alteration of a structure. The FAA Form 7460-2, Part 2, completed within five days after the structure has reached its greatest height.

3. In addition, notification of dismantlement or abandonment of construction must be submitted to the FAA using the supplemental notice FAA Form 7460-2.

Note: Notification as required in the determination is critical to aviation safety.

1.5 Modifications and Deviations.

Requests for modification or deviation from the standards outlined in this AC must be submitted to the FAA Obstruction Evaluation Group (OEG). The Sponsor is responsible for adhering to approved marking and/or lighting limitations, and recommendations given, and should notify the FAA and FCC (for those structures regulated by the FCC) prior to making any changes, such as removal of marking and/or lighting. Requests received for any changes after a determination has been issued will require a new aeronautical study and may result in a modified determination, including updated marking and/or lighting recommendations.

https://oeaaa.faa.gov/

1. Modification examples. Modifications will be based on whether they impact aviation safety.

Examples of modifications are as follows:

a. Marking and/or lighting only a portion of an object. The object may be located with respect to other objects or terrain that only a portion of it needs to be marked and/or lighted.

b. No marking and/or lighting. The object may be located with respect to other objects or terrain, removed from the general flow of air traffic, or may be so conspicuous by its shape, size, or color that marking or lighting would serve no useful purpose.

c. Voluntary marking and/or lighting. The object may be located with respect to other objects or terrain that the Sponsor feels increased conspicuity would better serve aviation safety.

Sponsors who desire to voluntarily mark and/or light their structure should do so in accordance with this AC.

d. Marking or lighting an object in accordance with the standards for an object of greater height or size. The object may present such an extraordinary hazard potential that higher standards may be recommended for increased conspicuity to ensure aviation safety.

2. Deviations. The assigned Obstruction Evaluation Specialist will conduct an aeronautical study of the proposed deviation(s) and forward their recommendation to their FAA Team Manager for final approval. Examples of deviations that may be considered:

a. Colors of objects.

b. Dimensions of color bands or rectangles.

c. Colors/types of lights.

d. Basic signals and intensity of lighting.

e. Night/day lighting combinations.

f. Flash rate.

The FAA strongly recommends that owners become familiar with the different types of lighting systems and to specifically request the type of lighting system desired when submitting FAA Form 7460-1. Information regarding types of lighting systems is provided in Chapters 5 - 10, and specifications regarding lighting equipment classifications in Table A-1, in this AC. While the FAA will make every effort to accommodate the structure Sponsor’s request, Sponsors should also request information from system manufacturers to determine which system best meets their needs based on purpose, installation, and maintenance costs.

1.6 Additional Notification.

Proper authorization and annotations of obstruction marking and lighting may require notice to the FCC prior to making any change to the submitted information which the FAA based its determination. This includes modification, deviation, or optional upgrade to white lighting on structure, which may be subject to inspection and enforcement of marking and lighting requirements by the FCC. FCC Forms and Bulletins can be obtained from the FCC’s National Call Center at 1-888-CALL-FCC (1-888-225-5322) or online at: https://www.fcc.gov/wireless-telecommunications. Additionally, upon completion of the actual change, complete the “Add Supplemental Notice (FAA Form 7460-2)” at the https://oeaaa.faa.gov website.

http://www.fcc.gov/wireless-http://www.fcc.gov/wireless-

CHAPTER 2. GENERAL

2.1 Structures to be Marked and Lighted.

Any temporary or permanent structure, including all appurtenances, that exceeds any obstruction standard contained in 14 CFR Part 77 or an overall height of 200 feet (60.96m) above ground level (AGL) should be marked and/or lighted. However, an FAA aeronautical study may reveal that the absence of marking and/or lighting will not impair aviation safety. Conversely, the object may present such an extraordinary hazard potential that higher standards may be recommended for increased conspicuity to ensure aviation safety. Recommendations for marking and/or lighting structures can vary, depending on terrain features, weather patterns, geographic location, number of structures, and overall design layout. The FAA may also recommend marking and/or lighting a structure that does not exceed 200 feet (60.96 m) AGL or 14 CFR Part 77 standards because of its particular location. The marking and lighting configurations are illustrated in Appendix A.

2.2 Guyed Structures.

The guys of a 2,000-foot (609.60 m) skeletal tower are anchored between 1,600 feet (487.68 m) and 2,000 feet (609.60 m) from the base of the structure. This places a portion of the guys 1,500 feet (457.20 m) from the tower at a height of between 125 feet (38.10 m) and 500 feet (152.40

m) AGL. Title 14 CFR Part 91, Section 119, requires pilots, when operating over other than congested areas, to remain at least 500 feet (152.40 m) from man-made structures. Therefore, the tower must be cleared by 2,000 feet (609.60 m) horizontally to avoid all guy wires. Properly maintained marking and lighting are important for increased conspicuity because the guys of a structure are difficult to see until the aircraft is dangerously close.

2.3 Marking and Lighting Equipment.

Considerable effort and research was expended to determine the minimum marking and lighting systems and quality of materials that will produce an acceptable level of aviation safety. The FAA will recommend only those marking and lighting systems that meet established technical standards and commercial outside lighting should not be used in lieu of FAA recommended marking and/or lighting. While additional lights may be desirable to identify an obstruction to air navigation, and may on occasion be recommended, the FAA will recommend minimum standards in the interest of safety, economy, and related concerns. Therefore, to provide an adequate level of safety, obstruction lighting systems should be installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the recommended standards herein. Chapter 15 contains descriptions of FAA- approved obstruction marking and lighting equipment and information referred to in this AC.

2.4 Light Failure Notification.

Sponsors should consider that conspicuity is achieved only when all recommended lights are working. Partial equipment outages decrease the margin of safety. Any outage should be corrected as soon as possible. Failure of steady-burning side or intermediate lights should be corrected as soon as possible, but notification is not required.

Note: On September 11, 2020, the FAA changed specifications for LED-based red obstruction lights to make them visible to pilots using certain night vision goggle systems.

Effective with implementation of this change in FAA AC 150/5345-43, Specification for Obstruction Lighting Equipment, manufacturers will be required to meet the new specification for certified red LED-based obstruction lights.

Because the new specification ensures the light is visible to pilots operating with night vision goggles, there is risk of a pilot misinterpreting the tower height if a legacy intermediate-level light is replaced with one that meets the new specification unless the top light meets the new specification as well. Therefore, if a legacy specification intermediate-level LED-based light is replaced with a light that meets the new specifications, then the top-level light(s) on the obstruction must also meet the new specification to ensure the entire obstruction is visible during the use of night vision goggles.

2.4.1. Any failure or malfunction that lasts more than thirty (30) minutes and affects a top light, flashing obstruction light regardless of its position, wind turbine lighting fixture, or wind turbine synchronization should be reported immediately by calling Outage Reporting and Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) at 877-487-6867, or in Alaska 800-478- 3576, so a NOTAM can be issued.

For structures that are regulated by the FCC, the FCC advises that noncompliance with notification procedures could subject the Sponsor to penalties or monetary forfeitures.

Voluntarily installed lights (not required by an FAA determination) do not require a NOTAM.

2.4.2. The following information should be specified for outage reporting:

1. Name of persons or organizations reporting the light failures, including any title, address, and telephone number.

2. The type of structure.

3. Location of structure (including latitude and longitude, prominent structures, landmarks, etc.).

4. Height of structure AGL/above mean sea level (AMSL) if known.

5. Return to service date.

6. FCC Antenna Structure Registration Number (for structures that are regulated by the FCC).

Note: When the primary lamp in a double obstruction light fails and the secondary lamp comes on, no report is required.

2.5 Notification of Restoration.

As soon as normal operation is restored, notify Outage Reporting and NOTAM Offices (see Paragraph 2.4.1).

Note: For structures regulated by the FCC, the FCC advises that noncompliance with notification procedures could subject the Sponsor to penalties or monetary forfeitures.

2.6 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Requirement.

The use of a high-intensity flashing white lighting system on structures located in residential neighborhoods (as defined by applicable zoning laws) trigger requirements for FCC licenses and an environmental assessment.

2.7 Voluntary Marking of Meteorological Evaluation Towers (MET) Less Than 200 Feet (60.96

m) AGL.

The FAA recommends voluntary marking of MET less than 200 feet (60.96 m) AGL in accordance with marking guidance contained in this AC. Historically this guidance has not been applied, however the FAA recognizes the need to address safety impacts to low-level agricultural flight operations and believes that voluntarily marking MET less than 200 feet (60.96 m) AGL in remote and rural areas enhance the conspicuity of these structures.

1. Painting. The MET should be painted in accordance with the standards and criteria contained in Chapters 3 and 15, with alternating bands of aviation orange and white paint. In addition, paragraph 3.3.1 states that all markings should be replaced when faded or otherwise deteriorated.

2. High-visibility sleeves. It is recommended that several high-visibility sleeves be installed on the MET outer guy wires (see Figure A-2). One high- visibility sleeve should be installed on each guy wire, as close to the anchor point as possible, but at a height well above the crop or vegetation canopy. A second sleeve should be installed on the same outer guy wires midway between the location of the lower sleeve and the upper attachment point of the guy wire to the MET.

Spherical markers. It is also recommended that high-visibility aviation orange spherical marker (or cable) balls be attached to the guy wires. Spherical markers should be installed and displayed in accordance to Chapter 11. The FAA, however, recognizes various weather conditions and manufacturing placement standards may affect the placement and use of high-visibility sleeves and/or spherical markers. Thus, some flexibility is allowed when determining sleeve length and marker placement on the MET.

CHAPTER 3. MARKING GUIDELINES

3.1 Purpose.

This chapter provides recommended guidelines to make certain structures conspicuous to pilots during daylight hours. One way to achieve this conspicuity is to paint and/or mark these structures. Recommendations on marking structures can vary, depending on terrain features, weather patterns, geographic location, and the number of structures.

3.2 Paint Colors.

Alternate sections of aviation orange and white paint should be used as the contrast in colors provides maximum visibility of an obstruction. Specific paint standards are contained in Chapter 15.

3.3 Paint Standards.

To be effective, the paint used should meet specific color requirements when freshly applied to a structure. Because all outdoor paints deteriorate with time, and it is not practical to give a maintenance schedule for all climates, surfaces should be repainted when the color changes noticeably or its effectiveness is reduced by scaling, oxidation, chipping, or layers of contamination. The subsequent standards should be followed.

3.3.1 Materials and Application.

The FAA recommends that quality paint and materials be selected to maximize years of service.

The paint should be appropriate for the surfaces to be painted, including any previous coatings, and suitable for the environmental conditions.