J1 - LOC Moving Image File Specifications - 20240918.docx
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Library of Congress
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This is a technical specifications document for moving image file formats required by the Library of Congress National Audiovisual Conservation Center (NAVCC). The document establishes requirements for two distinct file types: Archive Files (AF) for long-term preservation and Viewing Files (VF) for access and display purposes.
The Archive File specifications offer two alternative Type formats. Type 1 uses an MKV Matroska wrapper with FFV1 video coding (Version 3.4 or greater), capturing video at native resolution, color components, bit depth, frame rate, interlacing, and aspect ratio without conversion or truncation. Audio must be encoded as Linear PCM in WAV RF64 format at 48 kHz, 24-bit sampling with track counts matching source material. Type 2 uses an MXF OP1a wrapper with JPEG2000 reversible 5/3 lossless coding under the same preservation requirements for video parameters, plus audio encoded as PCM in BWF RF64 format at 96 kHz, 24-bit sampling. Both archive types must include timecodes, closed captioning data, and statutory metadata in standardized locations. The Viewing File specification requires H.264/AVC video codec at source resolution and frame rate with Constant Rate Factor 18, YUV 4:2:0 color space, 8-bit depth, progressive scan, AAC audio at 48 kHz variable bit rate, and inclusion of FCC Timed Text captions matching the archive file and original source material.
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Text version
NAVCC 09/18/2024
Attachment J1 - Library of Congress Moving Image File Specifications
Two types of files are required: the archive file (AF) and One for the viewing file (VF):
Archival File Specification
Type 1:
Wrapper: MKV Matroska Media Container Format Specification (IETF Standard: draft-ietf-cellar-matroska-23) Image Essence Video essence coding: FFV1 Video Coding Format Version 0, 1, and 3 (IETF Standard RFC 9043) Native resolution: the entire active picture area of the source video shall be captured in the Archive File FFV1 coded essence (eg. The resolution of the source images shall be FFV1 coded at exactly the same resolution without conversion or truncation) Native color components: the color standard of the source video shall be captured in full in the Archive File FFV1 coded essence (eg: if the source material is RGB, the FFV1 coded essence shall be RGB). For analog-sourced material not originally RGB, the color components shall be YCbCr, 10 bit sampled, ITU-R Rec. 601 for SD, ITU-R Rec. 709 for HD.
Native bit depth: the bit depth of the source video shall be captured in full in the Archive File FFV1 coded essence (if the source file is 16 bits per channel the FFV1 coded essence shall be 16 bit). For analog-sourced material the bit depth shall be no less than 10 bits per color channel, with the option of up to 16 bits per color channel.
Native frame rate: the frame rate of the source video shall be captured in full in the Archive File FFV1 coded essence. No inter-frame coding permitted.
Native interlaced/progressive raster: Interlace material shall be captured as interlaced, with the field dominance matching the original signal. For progressive source material the video shall be captured as progressive. For segmented frame source material the video shall be captured as progressive at the non-interlace frame rate.
Aspect ratio: the aspect ratio of the source video shall be faithfully reproduced in the Archive File FFV1 coded essence.
FFV1 Version: 3.4 or greater GOP Size: 1 CRC Slices: Each frame of the FFV1 video essence shall be split into slices, with CRC checksum information calculated for each slice. The number of slices shall be user selectable as any of the following values: 0, 4, 6, 9, 12, 16, 24, 30
Audio essence Audio coding: the audio track(s) shall be captured in the Archive File audio tracks essence(s) as Linear PCM sampled WAV RF64 format at 48 kHz, 24-bit sampling. The number of tracks shall match the number of tracks in the source material.
Additional Streams Time code(s): Any time timecode present in the source material should be stored in the MKV wrapper according to the MKV specification.
Statutory metadata: (metadata required by U.S. Federal law) Closed captioning: should closed caption or caption data exist for the original video essence, either included in the image essence or as a sidecar file, that data shall be included in the MKV wrapper location for such data
Type 2 Image Essence
Wrapper: MXF OP1a (SMPTE 377 & associated standards).
Image essence coding: JPEG2000 reversible 5/3 (aka “mathematically lossless”) (ISO/IEC standard 15444) Native resolution: the entire active picture area of the source video shall be captured in the Archive File JPEG2000 coded essence (eg. The resolution of the source images shall be JPEG2000 coded at exactly the same resolution without conversion or truncation) Native color components: the color standard of the source video shall be captured in full in the Archive File JPEG2000 coded essence (eg: if the source material is RGB, the JPEG2000 coded essence shall be RGB). For analog-sourced material not originally RGB, the color components shall be YCbCr, 10 bit sampled, ITU-R Rec. 601 for SD, ITU-R Rec. 709 for HD.
Native bit depth: the bit depth of the source video shall be captured in full in the Archive File JPEG2000 coded essence (if the source file is 16 bits per channel the JPEG2000 coded essence shall be 16 bit). For analog-sourced material the bit depth shall be no less than 10 bits per color channel, with the option of up to 16 bits per color channel.
Native frame rate: the frame rate of the source video shall be captured in full in the Archive File JPEG2000 coded essence. No inter-frame coding permitted.
Native interlace/progressive raster: Interlace material shall be captured as interlaced, odd field first. For progressive source material the video shall be captured as progressive. For segmented frame source material the video shall be captured as progressive at the non-interlace frame rate.
Aspect ratio: the aspect ratio of the source video shall be faithfully reproduced in the Archive File JPEG2000 coded essence. If AFD (Active Format Description; SMPTE 2016-1) codes are present in the original, they shall be carried into the space for such codes in the Archive File JPEG2000 Tile: single tile JPEG2000 cadence: the cadence shall default to LRCP.
For files whose content is interlaced video: JPEG2000 interlace KLV metadata type shall be a configurable menu choice of I1 or I2.
Audio essence:
Audio coding:
The audio track(s) shall be captured in the Archive File audio tracks essence(s) as PCM sampled BWF (Broadcast WAV) RF64 format at 96 kHz, 24 bit sampling. The number of tracks shall match the number of tracks in the source material.
Time codes:
Time code(s): SMPTE time code, where in the original, shall be preserved as a timecode track within the MXF OP1a SMPTE RDD48 compliant wrapper.
Statutory metadata: (metadata required by U.S. Federal law) Closed captioning: should closed caption or caption data exist for the original video essence, either included in the image essence or as a sidecar file, that data shall be included in the MXF standardized location for such data
Viewing File Specification Video parameters
· Video codec: H.264/AVC
· Resolution: same as source material
· Frame rate: same as source material
· Bit Rate: Constant Rate Factor: 18
· Color space: YUV
· Chroma Subsampling: 4:2:0
· Bit Depth: 8
· Scan Type: Progressive Audio parameters
· Encoding: AAC
· Sampling Rate: 48 kHz
· Bit Rate: Variable
· Included Metadata
· FCC Timed Text audio captions shall be included matching the captions in original source material and the Archive File Format
· Choice of one of the Archive File timecodes
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