Attachment_2-Requirements_(SPC-IRT)_Oct_19.pdf

HSCG23-17-R-MOT001 Attachment 1

Requirements Document SPC-IRT

REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT

for the

SPECIAL PURPOSE CRAFT – ICE RESCUE TRANSPORT (SPC-IRT)

REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL

Version 1.0

ES-1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This Requirements Document (RD) establishes the operational requirements for the procurement of Coast Guard Special Purpose Craft – Ice Rescue Transport (SPC-IRT) boats to replace the

Special Purpose Craft – Airboat (SPC-AIR) boats that have exceeded their service lives. The

SPC-IRT is intended to standardize boats assigned to long-haul ice rescue units. The SPC-IRT shall be deployed from and operated in the Ninth Coast Guard District (D9) Area of

Responsibility (AOR) to perform all assigned missions. Assigned missions include:

Search and Rescue (SAR)

Living Marine Resources (LMR)

Other Law Enforcement (OLE)

These missions shall be performed during daytime and nighttime conditions in a wide spectrum of maritime climates and environmental situations. These maritime climates and situations include but are not limited to:

Sub-Freezing Temperatures

Inland Environments

Coastal Environments

The SPC-IRT shall be a Coast Guard standard boat platform capable of performing missions that require the projection of CG capabilities in an ice environment.

Factors considered in the development of this document include mission performance, human performance factors, affordability, safety and survivability.

RS-1. REVISION SUMMARY

Change

Number Change Description Section Date of Change

Section 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Purpose

The Requirements Document (RD) is the formal statement that defines the performance and related operational parameters for a proposed concept or system. It describes an operational system in terms of a range of acceptable and desired standards of performance. The RD serves as the source document for a host of systems engineering activities, ongoing requirements analysis, and cost estimating to ensure the success of the project by consolidating the mission performance measures and the requirements for the support and maintenance of the system.

This RD is for the acquisition of a replacement class of long-haul ice rescue boats to replace both the 22-foot and 20-foot SPC-AIR boats.

Section 2. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS

2.1. Operational Description

Within the Cleveland Search and Rescue (SAR) Region, a wide variety of lakes, rivers, and tributaries develop ice cover and are extensively utilized by the public during the winter for commercial and recreational purposes. Limited rescue resources are available for deployment on ice (also referred to as ‘hard water’) to meet USCG 24/7 response, and freezing air and water temperatures significantly decrease survivability time for subjects stranded in those conditions.

Therefore, SAR responses must use the quickest on-scene resources without sacrificing the safety of responding personnel.

The two response categories defining ice-rescue response are Short-Haul and Long-Haul. Long-

Haul cases are defined as those greater than one-half Nautical Mile (NM) and less than 10NM from shore. These cases involve extended exposure times for the ice-rescue team. To limit the effects of exposure and expedite the response, a conveyance is required to transport the team and rescue gear during daylight and nighttime hours. That conveyance is the SPC-IRT.

Ice-rescue teams are comprised of a minimum four persons; a team leader (coxswain), two ice-rescuers, and a communications operator. In some cases, a fifth team member will deploy to act as an on-scene coordinator if the response is multi-agency in nature.

All ice-rescue team members will be outfitted with the appropriate Personal Protective

Equipment (PPE) for the operating environment. Ice-rescue teams will also bring the standard suite of ice-rescue response equipment.

The ice-rescue team transports the SPC-IRT platform via trailer on public roads and highways

(without need for a commercial license or special permit) to the nearest point of embarkation on land. As boat ramps are not always available or functional during ice conditions, the SPC-IRT may need to be deployed on land from the trailer and then transition to the ‘hard water’ environment.

Once deployed, the SPC-IRT travels to the designated response location. Throughout the transit, the crew communicates to prepare for the response as well as with the SAR coordinator to report status throughout the response. During this trip, the SPC-IRT may encounter both ‘hard’ and soft water, including ice shelves, cracks and broken ice, and need to transition from one to the other. The SPC-IRT may also encounter icing and other adverse conditions from precipitation that will require mitigation.

When on-scene, the SPC-IRT platform serves multiple purposes. It may be required to conduct search patterns to locate the person(s) in distress. It also acts as mobile base for the ice-rescue team and a means to transport potential rescue victims in distress, or provide a temporary shelter for rescue victims until an alternate means of transportation can arrive.

Upon completion of the response effort, the ice-rescue team uses the SPC-IRT to traverse back to the point of embarkation, and ultimately back to the USCG facility using the trailer.

In some unique cases, the SPC-IRT and associated rescue equipment may be transported via aircraft to its initial deployment location.

The SPC-IRT shall be designed and built to minimize life-cycle cost and be sustained by maintenance programs of record. Maintainability and equipment access should be strongly considered in the SPC-IRT design.

As America’s maritime guardians and enforcers of environmental law, the Coast Guard has an obligation to comply with environmental regulations. The SPC-IRT shall operate in and around sensitive environmental areas including harbors, navigable inland waterways, encompassing the

Great Lakes and Canada. The SPC-IRT shall comply with federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations, and international treaties. Environmental considerations for the boat shall include the proper management of bilge water, air and noise emissions, oily discharge, fuel efficiency, and avoiding harm to aquatic species. The manufacturer shall provide certification that the engine complies with exhaust emission regulations of MARPOL (73/78)

Annex VI (www.imo.org).

The SPC-IRT shall have a planned service life of 150 hours per year for at least 10 years.

2.2. Scenario

This scenario is used to derive functional capabilities required of the SPC-IRT. Of the seven possible capabilities (communications, command and control (C2), boarding operations, rescue, maneuverability/sea keeping, weapons and human systems) that may be required for a particular mission, the capabilities are either determined to be Primary (P), Secondary (S), or not required.

Primary Functional Capabilities identify capabilities that are required to perform the mission.

Secondary Functional Capabilities are necessary for optimal mission effectiveness, but do not prevent mission completion.

2.3 Boat Station Long Haul Ice Rescue

At 2030 local time, USCG STATION SAGINAW RIVER receives a report of two persons that have fallen through the ice, six nautical miles off shore in Saginaw Bay. The Station duty

Coxswain determines safest and fastest response is to trailer the SPC-IRT to the boat ramp.

Ready crew gathers all pertinent information, dons proper ice rescue PPE, and connects the SPC-

IRT to a government vehicle.

Upon arrival to the boat ramp crew deploys the SPC-IRT to dry land due to lack of snow coverage and ice conditions on the river. After deploying the SPC-IRT the crew of four consisting of a Coxswain, Ice Team Leader, and two ice rescuers board the SPC-IRT. The crew energizes siren and blue lights and transits 150 yards over a combination of gravel and grass to reach the ice, accessing the frozen waterway via the boat ramp. The coxswain energizes the navigation lights and maneuvers the SPC-IRT from the ice to the open water and then transits to the other side and, then back on to the ice.

The crew arrives on scene and the ice rescue crew exits the SPC-IRT with all required ice rescue gear and retrieves the MARSARS shuttle board. The ice rescue team affects a rescue of a conscious victim places the victim inside the shelter of the SPC-IRT cabin. The team then affects a rescue of an unconscious victim using the MARSARS shuttle board, and moves the victim in to the SPC-IRT through the cabin doors.

STATION SAGINAW RIVER informs the crew that local EMS will meet them at the boat ramp. The SPC-IRT transits back to the boat ramp and transfers the two victims to EMS. The crew then loads the SPC-IRT back on to the trailer and proceeds back to STATION SAGINAW

RIVER.

Section 3. ENVIRONMENT REQUIREMENTS

Parameter Threshold

3.1. Sea State All “Sea State” references shall apply to the Bretschneider Wave

Analysis and Forecasting Nomogram (Appendix B).

3.2. Operational

Environment

Shall be able to traverse dry land (grass, dirt, snow, ice). All ice conditions (solid, broken, snow covered). Traverse ice compression ledges of 2 ft.

3.3. Operational

Environment

Shall be fully capable of operating in open water (fully loaded condition) and conducting missions in Sea State 3 (2ft Significant

Wave Height (SWH)). Shall be capable of surviving in Sea State 3

(3 ft SWH).

3.4. Range Operate up to 10 NM offshore in soft water, on hard water, and a combination of both.

3.5. Air

Temperatures

Shall be capable of withstanding, and operating continuously in air temperatures ranging from -30F up to 115F

3.6. Water

Temperatures

Stowed and able to operate in water temps ranging from 28F up to

95F

3.7. Winds Shall be able capable on ice of operating in and sustaining effects of true wind speeds of 30kts sustained and capable of surviving up to 40kt gusts.

3.8. Visibility Shall be able to operate in reduced visibility down to 1/10NM.

Caused by all forms of heavy precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, fog)

3.9. Humidity Operate in 0% to 100% relative humidity

3.10. Day/Night

Operations

Shall be able to conduct missions at day or night.

3.11. Water type Shall be able to operate in fresh and salt water environments.

3.12. Waterways

operation

Shall be able to operate in navigable waterways.

Section 4. FUNCTION REQUIREMENTS

Parameter Threshold

4.1. Primary Mission Transport vessel for delivery of ice rescue crew and gear for long haul ice rescue mission. Used for emergency flood and hurricane response mission to rescue survivors. (SAR)

4.2. Secondary

Mission

Transport vessel for delivery of crews in shallow water areas to respond to marine environmental pollution incidents. (MEP)

4.3. Trailer Shall be deployable to and recoverable from land (0 degree) using the trailer.

4.4. Mission Shall operate over grass, dirt, snow, or ice covered ground for a minimum of 1,000 yards without damage to the hull of the boat.

4.5. Mission Shall operate in Solid Clear/Snow Ice, Broken Pack/Candle Ice, and mixed condition ice flows.

4.6. Transition Shall be able to transition from land to soft water via the trailer on an embankment/ramp grade up to 15 degrees.

4.7. Mission Shall be capable of operating on swift water of 2 knots.

4.8. Mission Shall be able to safely enter and depart the water from land (not on trailer) at angles up to 20 degrees, bow up without plunging or damage, under its own power.

4.9. Mission Shall be capable of transitioning from soft water to ice over compression ridges of up to 2ft in a fully loaded condition, including personnel.

4.10. Mission Shall be capable of transitioning from an ice shelf to soft water with up to a 2ft drop without submerging / plunging the bow, in a fully loaded condition, including personnel.

4.11. Mission Shall be capable of transiting through ice compression ridges and brash ice conditions at 2ft above the ice shelf, without damage to the vessel.

4.12. Mission Shall be fully operable with a maximum of 1 in (2.5 cm) icing on external structures.

4.13. Mission Shall include a means to address excessive icing conditions to include at least one of the following: A means to remove topside ice accumulations; Construction features that inhibit external superstructure icing.

4.14. Mission Shall be capable of conducting extended missions and remain on station for up to eight hours without refueling.

4.15. Mission Shall be capable of being towed by another vessel.

Section 5. BASIC REQUIREMENTS

Parameter Threshold

5.1. Length Shall not exceed 25 feet overall length.

5.2. Beam Shall not exceed 8ft 6 in (when trailered)

5.3. Draft Shall not exceed 12 inches (fresh water) in fully loaded condition

5.4. Speed Shall be able to maintain a speed of 15 kts in seas up to 6 inches

5.5. Range Shall be capable of continuous operation for 5 hours in water at the most economical planing speed with a 10% fuel reserve.

5.6. Steering Shall have a quick reaction steering mechanism capable of reversing orientation of vessel with minimal operator input

5.7. Capacity Shall be able to accommodate 06 POB (04 crew-225lbs each, 02 passengers-225lbs each)

5.8. Stopping Shall be able to come to a complete stop from full speed in less than 8 vessel lengths while operating on snow covered ice.

Section 6. COMMUNICATIONS REQUIREMENTS

Parameter Threshold

6.1. Internal Comms Shall be equipped with a single-circuit comms system at each crew station (4). The system user shall be able to disconnect from the wired system and transition a wireless system with VOX crew communications capability. Wireless communications shall meet

AES 256 standards. The crewmember transceiver units shall attach to the crewmember while allowing the user full range of motion and mobility.

6.2. Internal Comms Shall provide full duplex comms and have the capability to reduce outside noise.

6.3. Internal Comms System shall not interfere with any other internal or external comms control system

6.4. Internal Comms Shall ensure all crewmembers can communicate during vessel operation. The intercom system shall operate independently of installed radios.

6.5. Internal Comms Shall conform to FCC regulations

6.6. Internal Comms The crewman transceiver units shall use rechargeable batteries to provide a minimum of 10 hours operation with duty cycle of

5‐5‐90 and shall be resistant to memory effects where 5%

Transmit, 5% Receive and 90% Standby during an 8 hour period.

Manufacture shall provide in addition to NiCad, optional chemistry batteries such as (NiMH) Nickel‐Metal‐Hydride and

(Li‐Ion) Lithium‐Ion. The manufacture shall ensure proper operation of the radio as well as the accessories and chargers with these batteries.

6.7. External Comms Shall be equipped with current: Motorola APX-6500 Tactical VHF

Radio, APX-6500 Tactical UHF Radio, Standard VHF Marine

Band radio with Digital Selective Calling (DSC), capable of communicating with civil, government, commercial, recreational and military vessels, aircraft, shore facilities and vessel traffic systems.

6.8. External Comms Shall be equipped with a shipboard loudhailer & siren for external communications capable of emitting audible alarms/warning signals and external voice commands from a speaker during all missions and weather conditions.

6.9. External Comms Controls shall be easily accessible to the coxswain and team leader.

6.10. External Comms Shall be fully compatible with the USCG Rescue 21 system.

6.11. Communications All SPC-IRT installed electrical and electronic equipment shall be capable of withstanding temporary submersion in saltwater, or the

SPC-IRT design shall incorporate watertight closures to protect components sensitive to salt water and moisture.

Section 7. LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS

7.1. External

Lighting

Shall be equipped with rotating spot lights.

7.2. External

Lighting

Shall be equipped with exterior flood lights (sides) covering a 270 degree arc between the vessel’s quarters.

7.3. External

Lighting

Shall be equipped with forward flood lights at least 500,000 Candle

Power (CP).

7.4. External

Lighting

Shall have a mounted capability for blue law enforcement lights.

7.5. Internal Lighting Shall be compatible with current night vision equipment and unaided eye night/day operations, operator controls dimmable 0-

100, designed IAW with ASTM F1166-07. Lighting shall cause no distractions to the crew.

7.6. Internal Lighting The SPC-IRT shall be equipped with interior cabin lighting (white and red, if enclosed).

7.7. Internal Lighting Interior cabin lights shall be dimmable for use under varying conditions.

Section 8. NAVIGATION REQUIREMENTS

8.1. Navigation

Equipment

Shall have Standard SINS package; Trimble DGPS, PG 500

Fluxgate compass, RD-30 Multi-Display.

8.2. Chart Plotter Shall have a GPS/chart plotter with at least a 12 inch display flush-mounted and viewable to the coxswain seat location. Shall have color graphic displays of charts as well as graphic display of depth information. It shall display built in electronic charts and have the ability to interface with the DSC Radio and Automatic

Identification System (AIS). Charts shall be updateable using removable media. The GPS/chart plotter shall be operable with mechanical knobs, button, or keypads. Shall not require “touch screen” operations.

8.3. Navigation

Lights

Shall be equipped with navigation lights and sounds that comply with U.S. Navigation rules. Lights shall require minimal service during operations in all weather conditions (i.e snow/ice removal)

8.4. Navigation

Controls

Navigation controls and displays shall be easily accessible and viewed by the coxswain.

Section 9. SENSORS REQUIREMENTS

9.1. Sensors Shall have AIS Blue Force Tracking L3 Protec M system that is integrated with the Chart Plotter.

9.2. Sensors s Shall be equipped with both audible and visual engine alarms systems.

Section 10. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

Parameter Threshold

10.1. System Design Shall be resistant to excessive icing.

10.2. System Design Hull material resistant to damage due to operation on ice and operation over ground.

10.3. System Design Shall be designed to distribute weight on weak ice and provide stability. l

10.4. System Design Shall be designed with a low center of gravity with a wide beam

(max 8’6”) to safeguard against capsizing when hull is partially afloat and partially suspended by an ice sheet.

10.5. Storage Shall have storage for all rescue gear including board.

10.6. System Design Shall be capable of freeing itself when becoming frozen in the ice

(i.e. ice anchor w/ winch system).

10.7. System Design Shall have the ability to anchor on the ice.

10.8. System Design Shall have easy access to all bilges and watertight areas for easy dewatering while underway.

10.9. System Design Shall have a block heater that can run off of supplied power from the trailer when in transport.

10.10. System Design Shall include a means to clear windshields of water build-up from mist, rain and sea-spray.

10.11. System Design Shall require no more than two crew members to recover persons from the water and from other vessels or structures, both able-bodied and incapacitated, and safely protect them for transit.

Section 11. SUPPORTABILITY REQUIREMENTS

11.1. Logistics

Support

Shall be supported as a Non-Integrated asset and managed by

Atlantic Area and District Nine.

11.2. Boat Information

Book (BIB)

The BIB shall provide a complete description of the vessel's capacities and characteristics, including operating instructions for all systems, equipment, and components installed (to include wiring). System diagrams shall be included to supplement the written description. System working drawings may be used in lieu of the diagrams upon approval of the Contracting Officer. ABYC

T-24 “Owner’s Manuals” shall be used as guidance when developing the content of the BIB.

11.3. Drawings Shall provide drawings as necessary for use, repair, modification and maintenance of the boat. These drawings shall depict the boat in a manner so as to make the functionality of systems easily evident and shall depict all components of the boat.

11.4. Logistics

Support

Shall provide Master Equipment List, Recommended Spare parts

List, List of Special Tools and Long Lead Parts.

Section 12. RELIABILITY REQUIREMENTS

12.1 Durability Shall be constructed to withstand shock and vibration during operations at full speed in seas of 6 inches or less and operations at minimum speed over rough ice up to 2 foot shelves.

12.2 Operational

Profile

Designed to support 150 hours of annual operations over a period of 10 years.

12.3 System

Protection

Shall have protection for air blades (if so equipped) and cooling systems to prevent damage from foreign objects.

12.4 Steering Shall have full range of steering with over steering protection.

Section 13. MAINTAINABILITY REQUIREMENTS

13.1 Maintenance

Goals

Design should ensure maintenance and repair can be efficiently performed; provides predictable maintenance cycles that reduce risk of component failures; provides maintenance procedures that ensure the SPC-IRT shall meet its service life objective; places emphasis on more efficient, reliable equipment and components that require less maintenance; boat design provides maintainers with adequate physical and visual access to complete maintenance.

13.2 Spare Parts

Provisioning

Provisioning and management of spare/replacement parts will be in accordance with current CG policy. A provisioning conference should determine actual supply support requirements once a manufacturer selection is made.

13.3 150 Hour Spare

Parts

Manufacturer shall provide organizational-level and depot parts and materials for each boat based on OEM maintenance requirements for the first 150 hours.

Section 14. SURVIVABILITY REQUIREMENTS

Parameter Threshold

14.1 Design Shall have positive buoyancy to prevent sinking in the event of hull damage. Shall be safe and controllable at all speeds and under all specified loading conditions. Safe and controllable includes operation where craft orientation, motions and accelerations do not pose a hazard to the crew or passengers that is not otherwise controllable by good seamanship and boat handling.

14.2 Egress Shall have multiple egress routes from the cabin two of which shall be lighted.

Section 15. HUMAN SYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS

15.1 Human Systems The SPC-IRT shall allow the crew to safely and efficiently conduct missions at all required speeds and sea states. This includes conveniently-placed displays and controls; maximum external visibility; hatch and handrail design that allow for safe movement in and around the boat. The ergonomics shall also take into account the difficulties imposed by boat motions as well as the limitations to personnel movement due to the wearing of required safety, survival, and law enforcement gear.

15.2 Accommodations The SPC-IRT operations and maintenance tasks shall be designed to accommodate the 5 th percentile female to the 95 th percentile male as defined in American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

F1166.

15.3 Cabin At a minimum shall have a semi-enclosed cabin structure.

Fully-enclosed cabin structure. Objective

15.4 Seating Shall have 6 seats total. All seats shall include crew restraint devices. Two seats shall be forward facing seat positions for

Coxswain and Navigator. Forward facing seat positions shall be capable of mitigating shock for 5 th percentile female to the 95 th percentile male occupants, while fully encumbered with PPE in all expected speeds and operating conditions.

15.5 Handholds Each seat location shall be provided with dedicated handholds arranged in such a way that seated personnel’s legs and knees are not impacted while underway. The steering wheel may be used to meet this requirement for the coxswain position.

15.6 Coxswain seat Shall be mechanically adjustable in height and fore/aft positioning.

15.7 Controls All controls shall be easily accessible and usable while operating in full PPE.

15.8 Windshield Shall have a means to de-ice windshields to ensure crew visibility.

Section 16. TRAILER REQUIREMENTS

16.1 Trailer Trailer can be a tilting design with integrated winch. Must be able to transport on all standard U.S. roads and highways at speeds up to

65 mph. All electrical systems capable of being integrated with tow vehicle and accommodate both AC and DC recharging, self-contained within trailer assembly. Vessel and trailer fully loaded shall not exceed 6,000 lbs.

16.2 Trailer SPC-IRT shall be capable of launch and recovery from trailer in soft water, hard (ice) water, and land.

16.3 Trailer Trailer can be of tilt design for ease of deployment and recovery of the SPC-AIR on ice or water.

Section 17. TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

Parameter Threshold

17.1 Familiarization

Training (for

Operators)

Shall include basic operation of all systems, sub-systems, equipment, operational characteristics and parameters in a static

(pier side and/or classroom) and underway environments. Shall be considered basic entry level type and shall be designed so that the

USCG crew will be able to pilot the boat after acceptance. This training shall concentrate on the safe use of the boat and basic operation of all boat controls and equipment. At a minimum, the

FAM training for operators shall include, but is not limited to, basic operation of all SPC-IRT systems, sub-systems, equipment, and controls (e.g., boat handling, engines, electronics, fuel, bilge); start-up and shut-down procedures; warnings; casualty control;

emergency procedures; and safe piloting of the SPC-IRT. This training shall be given at each new location within 5 days of delivery.

17.2 Maintenance

Training

Coast Guard maintenance and sustainment personnel shall be provided with diagnostics data and information, tools and test equipment/sets, technical documentation, material and skills to perform maintenance.

Appendix A: DEFINITIONS

Term Definition

A.1. Lightship Weight Weight of the boat and outfit items without fuel or people.

(Engine/propulsor lubricants are at normal operating levels).

A.2. Performance Condition

Weight

LightshipWeight + Full Fuel + 2 person Crew.

* Note: Crew and passenger weights shall be 225 pounds per person (200 lbs + 25 lbs of PPE).

A.3. Full Load Condition Performance Weight + 3 passengers.

* Note: Crew and passenger weights shall be 225 pounds per person (200 lbs + 25 lbs of PPE).

A.4. Fully Loaded Condition Performance Weight + maximum passenger capacity.

* Note: Crew and passenger weights shall be 225 pounds per person (200 lbs + 25 lbs of PPE).

A.5. Design Load The maximum or worst case total load from the Electric

Power Load Analysis (EPLA) loading condition. This requirement shall be applicable to both alternator output and battery reserve capacity.

A.6. Threshold Requirement

(TR)

The minimum acceptable value is necessary to satisfy the need. If the threshold values are not achieved, mission performance is seriously degraded. All parameters within this document are all considered threshold unless stated.

A.7. Objective Requirement

(OR)

An objective is a desired operational goal associated with a performance parameter beyond which any gain in utility does not warrant additional expenditures. It is an operationally significant increment above the threshold.

A.8. Operate Operate includes wave height conditions below survivability limits. It involves the application of various SPC-IRT speeds that ensure bow immersions do not cause flooding which leads to reduced stability, the continuous ability to maintain motions and accelerations at levels safe for the crew, machinery, systems, hull structure and watertight integrity

A.9. Survive Survive is defined as the SPC-IRT ability to maintain upright stability and flotation, structural and watertight integrity. It includes the crew’s safe ability to operate and maneuver the boat to return to safe haven. In the event no safe haven is available, or navigation is not possible, the SPC-IRT shall provide safe haven for the crew.

A.10. Personnel All references to personnel shall include 5 th percentile female through 95 th percentile male in cold weather gear.

Appendix B: BRETSCHNEIDER WAVE ANALYSIS AND

FORECASTING NOMOGRAM

Sea State Significant Wave

Height (ft)

Modal Wave Periods

(sec)

Probability Density

0-1 0.0-0.3 0 0

2 0.3-1.6 3/0-15.0 4.1

3 1.6-4.1 5.2-15.5 16.9

4 4.1-8.2 5.9-15.5 27.8

5 8.2-13.1 7.2-16.5 23.5

6 13.1-19.7 9.3-16.5 16.3

7 19.7-29.5 10.0-17.2 9.1

8 29.5-45.5 13.0-18.4 2.2

Greater than 8 Greater than 45.5 20.0 0.1