FY 25 CTR ACW NOFO_Final 241025.pdf

United States Department of State

INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AND NONPROLIFERATION OFFICE OF

COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION

Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO)

Funding Title: Countering Proliferator State Advanced Conventional Weapons

Proliferation

Funding Opportunity Number: DFOP0016985

Assistance Listing Number: 19.033

Solicitation Type: Open Competition

Type of Award: Grant; Cooperative Agreement; IAA

Application Deadline: 11:59 PM EST on 17 January 2025

Total Funding Ceiling: $17,000,000

Cost Sharing: Not Required

Anticipated Number of Awards: 12 (twelve)

Period of Performance: 15 months

Question Submission Deadline: 11:59 PM EST on 10 January 2025

Eligibility Applicants: U.S.-based non-profit/non-governmental organizations with or without 501(c) (3) status of the U.S. tax code; foreign-based non-profit organizations/non-government organizations (NGO); federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs); public International

Organizations; Foreign Public Entities; U.S.-based private, public, or state institutions of higher education; foreign-based institutions of higher education, and U.S. for-profit organizations or businesses.

Table of Contents Section A: Funding Opportunity Description 2

A.1. Background 2

A.2. Problem Statement 3

A.3. Project Goal 3

A.4. Objectives 4

A.5. Expected Outcomes 5

A.6. Performance Indicators 5

A.7. Key Considerations 5

A.8. Substantial Involvement (if applicable) 5

Section B: Federal Award Information 6

B.1. Available Funding 6

B.2. Award Management 7

Section C. Eligibility Information 8

C.1 Eligible Applicants 8

C.2. Cost-Sharing or Matching 9

C.3. Other Eligibility Criteria 9

Section D: Application and Submission Information 10

D.1. Address to request Application Package 10

D.2. Content and Form of Application Submission 10

D.3. Unique Entity Identifier (UEI) and System for Award Management (sam.gov) 21

D.3.1 Exemptions 24

D.4. Submission Dates and Times 25

D.5. Funding Limitations, Restrictions, and Other Considerations 26

Section E: Application Review Information 32

E1. Proposal Review Criteria 32

E.2. Review and Selection Process 34

E.3. Responsibility/Qualification Information in SAM.gov (formerly FAPIIS) 35

Section F: Federal Award Administration Information 36

F.1. Federal Award Notices 36

Section G: Federal Awarding Agency Contact 44

G.1. Contacts

G.2. Question Submission Deadline 45

Section H: Other information 45

H.1. Conflict of Interest 45

H.2. 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H.5. Monitoring Site Visits 46

H.6. Privacy Disclosure 47

H.8. Background Information on BUREAU 47

SECTION A: FUNDING OPPORTUNITY DESCRIPTION

A.1. Background

The Department of State’s Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Office of Cooperative Threat Reduction (ISN/CTR) is pleased to announce an open competition for assistance awards through this Notice of Funding Opportunity

(NOFO). ISN/CTR sponsors foreign assistance activities funded by the

Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related Programs (NADR) and other accounts to prevent proliferator states and non-state actors from developing or using Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD), ballistic missiles, advanced conventional weapons, and advanced and emerging technologies with

WMD-applicability against the United States and our allies. An underlying aim of all ISN/CTR’s efforts is long-term sustainability to maximize programmatic impact while minimizing the need for foreign partners to rely on outside financial or technical assistance.

A.2. Problem Statement

ISN/CTR seeks to build foreign partner capacity to counter the malign impact of proliferator states’ Advanced Conventional Weapons (ACW) sales, procurement, and proliferation networks. Proliferator states often use the sale of weapons systems to exert malign influence, exacerbate regional conflicts, and develop long-term strategic defense dependencies. There is also a growing trend proliferator states creating “no-limit” partnerships to circumvent sanctions regimes and provide weapons to nefarious state and non-state threat actors.

Proliferator states also seek to procure significant quantities of advanced machine tools, micro-electronics, and other high-tech commodities from the global market https://gbc-word-edit.officeapps.live.com/we/wordeditorframe.aspx?new=1&ui=en-US&rs=en-US&wdenableroaming=1&mscc=1&hid=81474FA1-5009-6000-5022-12A0A5D5D40D.0&uih=sharepointcom&wdlcid=en-US&jsapi=1&jsapiver=v2&corrid=a71432ee-eb0f-007f-5efd-051d1f37e6fb&usid=a71432ee-eb0f-007f-5efd-051d1f37e6fb&newsession=1&sftc=1&uihit=docaspx&muv=1&cac=1&sams=1&mtf=1&sfp=1&sdp=1&hch=1&hwfh=1&wopisrc=https%3A%2F%2Fusdos.sharepoint.com%2Fsites%2Fisn-ctr-cp%2F_vti_bin%2Fwopi.ashx%2Ffiles%2Fb888ed38e5884d10bf035094724d769e&dchat=1&sc=%7B%22pmo%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fusdos.sharepoint.com%22%2C%22pmshare%22%3Atrue%7D&ctp=LeastProtected&rct=Normal&wdorigin=DocLib&wdhostclicktime=1726078466266&wdredirectionreason=Unified_SingleFlush#_Toc1902085063 https://gbc-word-edit.officeapps.live.com/we/wordeditorframe.aspx?new=1&ui=en-US&rs=en-US&wdenableroaming=1&mscc=1&hid=81474FA1-5009-6000-5022-12A0A5D5D40D.0&uih=sharepointcom&wdlcid=en-US&jsapi=1&jsapiver=v2&corrid=a71432ee-eb0f-007f-5efd-051d1f37e6fb&usid=a71432ee-eb0f-007f-5efd-051d1f37e6fb&newsession=1&sftc=1&uihit=docaspx&muv=1&cac=1&sams=1&mtf=1&sfp=1&sdp=1&hch=1&hwfh=1&wopisrc=https%3A%2F%2Fusdos.sharepoint.com%2Fsites%2Fisn-ctr-cp%2F_vti_bin%2Fwopi.ashx%2Ffiles%2Fb888ed38e5884d10bf035094724d769e&dchat=1&sc=%7B%22pmo%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fusdos.sharepoint.com%22%2C%22pmshare%22%3Atrue%7D&ctp=LeastProtected&rct=Normal&wdorigin=DocLib&wdhostclicktime=1726078466266&wdredirectionreason=Unified_SingleFlush#_Toc1476074371 https://gbc-word-edit.officeapps.live.com/we/wordeditorframe.aspx?new=1&ui=en-US&rs=en-US&wdenableroaming=1&mscc=1&hid=81474FA1-5009-6000-5022-12A0A5D5D40D.0&uih=sharepointcom&wdlcid=en-US&jsapi=1&jsapiver=v2&corrid=a71432ee-eb0f-007f-5efd-051d1f37e6fb&usid=a71432ee-eb0f-007f-5efd-051d1f37e6fb&newsession=1&sftc=1&uihit=docaspx&muv=1&cac=1&sams=1&mtf=1&sfp=1&sdp=1&hch=1&hwfh=1&wopisrc=https%3A%2F%2Fusdos.sharepoint.com%2Fsites%2Fisn-ctr-cp%2F_vti_bin%2Fwopi.ashx%2Ffiles%2Fb888ed38e5884d10bf035094724d769e&dchat=1&sc=%7B%22pmo%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fusdos.sharepoint.com%22%2C%22pmshare%22%3Atrue%7D&ctp=LeastProtected&rct=Normal&wdorigin=DocLib&wdhostclicktime=1726078466266&wdredirectionreason=Unified_SingleFlush#_Toc1252849233 to support their own defense industrial bases. In an effort to access ACW technologies and resources, proliferator states are increasingly involved in exploitative joint ventures and other predatory defense trade practices.

There is also growing evidence on the rapid expansion of proliferator state investment in defense manufacturing – especially in the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

(UAV) field. These defense systems can then be sold to malign threat actors, which result in destabilized regions, prolonged conflicts, as well as strategic defense dependencies.

To complement these malign activities, there is a continuing trend to utilize

Private Military Companies, especially on the African continent, to extend proliferator state security, economic, and political influence in countries that are facing legitimate security concerns. These unregulated mercenary security entities often operate contrary to international norms and country laws. These entities are also used to exert malign influence, undermine national security, destabilize regions, and exploit critical natural resources.

A.3. Project Goal

Engage foreign audiences on countering threats posed by the advancement of proliferator state weapons capabilities, the sale of ACW systems to create strategic dependencies, and the destabilizing impact of unregulated Private

Military Companies. Projects should be sustainable and build relationships between partners.

A.4. Objectives

1. Private Military Companies (PMCs): ISN/CTR’s foreign capacity building efforts will engage a range of stakeholders including government policy officials, procurement officials, financial watchdogs, military and law enforcement officials, civil society, and journalists to raise awareness of the risks of working with unregulated and prohibited PMCs. These engagements will seek to leverage real-world case studies to highlight the destabilizing impact of these mercenary groups, and the threat to sovereignty and national security.

These programs will also provide pragmatic and tailored training on procurement best practices, leveraging open-source training tools for due-diligence, and research methodologies to identify high-risk PMCs. Risks will include involvement in extralegal acts, exploitation of critical natural resources, developing predatory security dependencies, and the deleterious effects on sovereignty and economic transparency. These programs will also seek to assist partner country military, law enforcement, procurement, and policy makers to seek to adopt international standards such as the Montreux document.

Objective: Plan and organize capacity building and technical events on unregulated and prohibited private military companies for at least 20-50 stakeholders per event. The events should aim to engage participants from multiple backgrounds in both the public and private sector.

Objective: Promote implementation of international PMC procurement best practices and due-diligence measures including adoption of standards outlined in the Montreux document and International Code of Conduct

Association (ICOCA).

Objective: Perform open-source analysis on the beneficial ownership structures, subsidiaries, lenders, financiers, aviation and maritime vehicles used, and logistics providers of prohibited PMC groups designated by the

U.S. or others.

Objective: Provide actionable, open-source data and briefings on PMC deployments, modes of transport, financing, subsidiary, and logistics networks facilitating PMC deployments to public and private sector partner enforcement officials.

Objective: Assist key defense, security, law enforcement, and private sector entities to professionalize and standardize best practices during the solicitation, procurement, and oversight processes when obtaining PMC services.

Objective: Help partners understand the economic sovereignty, sanctions, and natural resource risks of procuring unregulated and prohibited PMC services.

Objective: Support the development of sustainable and local networks to share best-practices and due-diligence models to provide oversight and accountability of PMC activities.

Countries of Potential Impact: Angola, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cameroon, Comoros, Cote d’Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Kosovo, Liberia, Madagascar, Mauritius, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Sao Tome, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Ukraine, and Zambia.

2. ACW: Mitigating Proliferator State Procurement Networks: Some proliferator states still leverage complex procurement networks to procure billions of U.S.

dollar’s worth of Western technologies for defense proliferation. Specifically, commercial trade data highlights particular proliferator state interest in the fields of microelectronics, semiconductors, and machine tools. The implementation of unprecedented bilateral and multilateral sanctions regimes have forced proliferator states to adapt illicit procurement networks and pivot into new or more permissive jurisdictions.

Other proliferator states are transferring materials and technology to others that enable them to circumvent sanctions and advance their military industrial complex and worsen current conflicts.

ISN/CTR’s capacity-building seeks to engage private sector technology manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, and wholesalers, public sector financial intelligence units, enforcement agencies, and civil society to counter these illicit networks to help prevent the proliferation of ACW systems and technology.

Objective: Conduct capacity building engagements that enhance partners’ ability to develop and utilize open-source data to identify high-risk transactions, suspicious corporate activities, and procurement networks of military applicable components to proliferator states.

Objective: Engage private sector technology manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, and wholesalers on tools and resourced to enhance due-diligence for procurement practices, Know Your Customer’s Customer

[KYC(C)], and specific commodities (such as polymers, printed circuit boards, Surface Mount Technology (SMT) equipment, etc.), with military applications.

Objective: Engage major machine tool, microelectronic, semiconductor, and other high-end dual-use manufacturers to raise awareness on the risk of illicit entities seeking to invest or engage in joint ventures with primary or sub-tier supply chain companies involved in the design, production, or sale of these technologies.

Objective: Use commercially available and open-source data to develop and disseminate reports that help partners to identify components, front companies, and illicit procurement pathways for military-related items in order to de-risk and disrupt those activities.

Objective: Improve private-public partnership, data sharing, and other types of collaboration.

Objective: Develop and disseminate commercially available, open source information to identify high-risk defense networks and exports to include:

the methods, vessels, and aircraft facilitating these transactions, and the trade restrictions and sanction risks associated with transacting with these entities.

Objective: Raise awareness in the public and private sector on designated defense entities seeking to establish business operations or joint ventures in foreign countries for ACW export purposes.

Objective: Support key business consultation firms to provide peer-to-peer engagements with foreign private sector partners to limit corporate risks and exposure to prohibited defense firms.

Objective: Support the dissemination of reports focusing on the hidden costs of doing business with PRC defense firms (to include long-term deals that bind countries to political capture in international forum), and ACW functional and operational limitations.

Countries of Potential Impact: Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Barbados, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cayman Islands, Chile, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czechia, Ecuador, Estonia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Japan, Jordan, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Moldova, North Macedonia, Qatar, Romania, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Seychelles, Slovakia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, and Uzbekistan.

3. ACW: Countering State-Based Proliferation of ACW: Proliferator states increasingly use the sale of their advanced conventional weapons systems as a means to obtain financial resources, exert malign influence, and create strategic defense dependencies. There is a growing trend of the “no-limit” partnerships among proliferator states selling weapon systems to unstable jurisdictions, and as a means to circumvent international sanctions regimes.

By analyzing and exposing global proliferator state-linked defense networks, public and private sector stakeholders can avoid predatory business venture risks, identify potential high-risk transactions, and help to ensure compliance with international sanctions. In addition, proliferator states use the development and sale of ACW systems as part of its strategy of self-reliance to access and help produce high-end technologies that enable its own military modernization efforts.

Objective: Develop and disseminate commercially available information to proliferator-state linked defense networks, the methods, vessels, and aircraft facilitating these transactions, and the trade restrictions and sanction risks associated with transacting with these entities.

Objective: Raise awareness in the public and private sector on designated proliferator-state linked defense entities seeking to establish business operations or joint ventures in foreign countries for defense sector and

ACW sale purposes.

Objective: Support key business consultation firms to provide peer-to-peer engagements with foreign private sector partners to limit corporate risks and exposure to sanctioned, prohibited, or otherwise high-risk defense firms linked to proliferator states.

Objective: Support the development of technical analyses and reports that demonstrate the “true costs”, and sanctions risks associated with proliferator state ACW sales.

Objective: Support the dissemination of reports focusing on the hidden costs of doing business with prohibited defense firms (to include long-term deals that bind countries to political capture in international forum), and

ACW functional and operational limitations.

Countries: Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Czechia, Hungary, India, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Maldives, Panama, Peru, Poland, Serbia, Türkiye, and UAE.

4. ACW: Addressing Strategic Defense Dependencies: When foreign governments procure weapons systems from proliferator states through predatory agreements, it forces the recipient country into a long-term contract and defense dependencies. This undermines the recipient's ability to make independent defense choices and limits their national security, while expanding malign influence of the proliferator state.

Unprecedented U.S. and international sanctions regimes, and delays in defense sales due to ongoing war, has created a unique opportunity for countries that have been historically dependent on proliferator states to seek more stable defense partnerships. ISN/CTR supports technical defense consultations to complement ongoing diplomatic and security assistance engagement in an attempt to help partners identify pragmatic defense diversification procurement opportunities.

Objective: Complement diplomatic and security assistance engagements by providing technical support to defense decision-makers, manufacturers, and think tanks, including detailed analyses and diversification considerations.

Objective: Develop and disseminate technical reports focused on the hidden costs of doing business with Russian defense firms (to include repairs, spare-parts, corruption, long-term deals that bind countries to strategic reliance in international forum, inflated costs over time, and impact of potential sanctions), and ACW functional and operational limitations.

Objective: Develop technical analyses for partner countries on defense-related infrastructure, manufacturing, human capital, supply chains, and machine tooling to explore diversification opportunities.

Objective: Focus on countries with historical ties to, and dependencies on, Russian weapons systems.

Objective: Support the development of technical analyses and reports that demonstrate the “true costs” and risks associated with proliferator state-linked ACW sales.

Countries of Potential Impact: Argentina, Armenia, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Bulgaria, Gabon, Ghana, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Nigeria, Serbia, and

Vietnam.

A.5. Expected Outcomes

All proposals will measure partner capacity before and after training and engagement, with the expectation that skills, procedures, and abilities have increased due to ISN/CTR support.

A.6. Performance Indicators

ISN/CTR uses multiple indicators across all lines of effort to demonstrate our partner countries are making progress towards achieving self-sustaining, proliferation-resistant security culture that reduces the threat posed by proliferator states or non-state actors seeking the means by which to obtain

WMD and delivery systems for the purposes of threatening the United States and related interests. Please identify how your proposed projects will contribute to the larger effort.

A.7. Key Considerations

All proposals will be reviewed by a ISN/CTR internal panel that will consider effectiveness; diversity, equity, inclusion, and access; inclusion of local partners;

and sustainability.

A.8. Substantial Involvement

ISN/CTR will be involved in the project development and planning. ISN/CTR staff will work closely with the implementer to select participants, grant awards, and review event agendas to ensure that they align with the proficiency level, needs and interests of each ISN/CTR partner country audience. ISN/CTR will select foreign participant, advise on training logistical implementation and will consult on all aspects of event logistical planning and all participants including process and lead-time required for obtaining U.S. visas.

SECTION B: FEDERAL AWARD INFORMATION

B.1. Available Funding

This notice is subject to availability of funding. The authority for this funding opportunity is found in the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (FAA).

Applicants can submit one application in response to the NOFO. If more than one application is submitted by an organization, only the final application received, and time stamped by grants.gov will be reviewed for eligibility. Each application can include multiple projects that will be evaluated independently.

Organizations may form a consortium and submit a combined proposal.

However, only one organization must be designated as the lead applicant, with the remaining organizations designated as sub-awardees. The lead applicant must meet the eligibility criteria listed in Section C.

The Department of State reserves the right to (a) fund any or none of the applications received; (b) reserves the right to reduce, revise, or increase the budget in accordance with bureau proprieties and the availability of funds; (c) accept other than the lowest cost application.

The U.S. government may make award(s) on the basis of initial applications received, without discussions or negotiations. Therefore, each initial application should contain the applicant's best terms from a cost and technical standpoint. The U.S. government reserves the right (though it is under no obligation to do so), however, to enter into discussions with one or more applicants in order to obtain clarifications, additional detail, or to suggest refinements in the project description, budget, or other aspects of an application.

B.2. Award Management

The successful applicant will need to routinely collaborate with ISN/CTR through regular meetings and conference calls to discuss progress, challenges, emerging topics, etc. The successful applicant must ensure that all funds are used in a manner consistent with any applicable restrictions on funding. See D.5 below for funding restrictions.

SECTION C. ELIGIBILITY INFORMATION

C.1 Eligible Applicants

ISN/CTR welcomes applications from U.S.-based non-profit/non-governmental organizations with or without 501(c) (3) status of the U.S. tax code;

foreign-based non-profit organizations/nongovernment organizations (NGO);

Public International Organizations; federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs); Foreign Public Entity; U.S.-based private, public, or State institutions of higher education; Foreign-based institutions of higher education, and U.S. for-profit organizations or businesses.

Applications submitted by for-profit entities may be subject to additional review following the panel selection process. Additionally, the Department of

State prohibits profit to for-profit or commercial organizations under its assistance awards. Profit is defined as any amount in excess of allowable direct and indirect costs. The allowability of costs incurred by commercial organizations is determined in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Acquisition

Regulation (FAR) at 48 CFR 30, Cost Accounting Standards Administration, and 48

CFR 31 Contract Cost Principles and Procedures.

Please see 2 CFR 200.307 for regulations regarding program income.

C.2. Cost-Sharing or Matching

The non-Federal share of costs, frequently called “cost share” or “matching costs”, refers to that portion of the project or program costs not borne by the

Federal Government. This may include cash and third-party in-kind contributions.

These costs must reflect the realistic capacity of the applicants and any third-party contributors.

Providing cost sharing, matching, or cost participation is not an eligibility factor or requirement for this NOFO and providing cost share will not result in a more favorable competitive ranking.