0-5 SPECS 05300.doc

IDC Base Roof Repair

USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-07 31 13 (April 2006) Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Replacing without change UFGS-07311 (February 2003)

UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS

References are in agreement with UMRL dated July 2009

SECTION 07 31 13

ASPHALT SHINGLES

04/06

NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for asphalt shingle roofing, surfaced with mineral granules, including roofing felt, ridge vents, underlayments, and flashings.

Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting, or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert appropriate information.

Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether or not brackets are present.

Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is on the Internet.

Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request (CCR).

NOTE: For a more detailed description of asphalt shingle roofing and requirements for asphalt shingle reroofing over existing asphalt shingles, wood shingles, roll roofing, or built-up roofing, see the "Residential Asphalt Roofing Manual," published by Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers Association (ARMA) and "The NRCA Steep Roofing Manual," published by the National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA). Avoid reroofing with asphalt shingles over more than one layer of existing roofing material.

NOTE: On the drawings, show:

1. Pitch of substrate/shingle roofing

2. Detail of crickets and flashings at chimneys

3. Detail at eave/rake corner of roof including underlayment, drip edge, starter strip, shingle exposure, shingle courses, and fastener placement.

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation, date, and title.

Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature to update the issue dates.

References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the publish print process.

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D 1970

(2009) Self-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Used as Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice Dam Protection

ASTM D 226

(2006) Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing

ASTM D 3018

(2003; R 2009) Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced With Mineral Granules

ASTM D 3462

(2009) Asphalt Shingles Made From Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules

ASTM D 41

(2005) Asphalt Primer Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and Waterproofing

ASTM D 4586

(2007) Asphalt Roof Cement, Asbestos-Free

ASTM D 4869

(2005; R 2006) Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in Steep Slope Roofing

ASTM D 6380

(2003; R 2009) Standard Specification for Asphalt Roll Roofing (Organic Felt)

NATIONAL ROOFING CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION (NRCA)

NRCA 0408

(Fifth Edition) Steep-slope Roofing Manual

UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES (UL)

UL 790

(2004; Rev thru Oct 2008) Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings

UL 997

(1995; Rev Jul 1998) Wind Resistance of Prepared Roof Covering Materials

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 Top Lap

That portion of shingle overlapping shingle in course below.

1.2.2 Head Lap

The triple coverage portion of top lap which is the shortest distance from the butt edge of an overlapping shingle to the upper edge of a shingle in the second course below.

1.2.3 Exposure

That portion of a shingle exposed to the weather after installation.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate quality control.

A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing “G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important or complex in context of the project.

For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G" designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO" for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force, and NASA projects.

Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose the second bracketed item for Army projects.

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. The following shall be submitted:

SD-03 Product Data Shingles Submit data including type, weight, class, UL labels, and special types of underlayment and eave flashing.

[SD-04 Samples

NOTE: Select color according to local practice, except use light-reflective colors for air conditioned buildings. Where color is specified in paragraph entitled "Asphalt Shingles," delete the requirement for submittal of color charts.

Shingles; G Full shingle sample and manufacturer's standard size samples of materials and products requiring color or finish selection.

Color charts; G SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions Application

1.4 DELIVERY AND STORAGE

Deliver materials in the manufacturer's unopened bundles and containers bearing the manufacturer's brand name. Keep materials dry, completely covered, and protected from the weather. Store according to manufacturer's written instructions. Roll goods shall be stored on end in an upright position or in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. Immediately before laying, roofing felt shall be stored for 24 hours in an area maintained at a temperature not lower than 50 degrees F.

1.5 WARRANTIES

NOTE: The warranty clauses in this guide specification have been approved by the Government. The paragraphs may be used without any request for waiver.

Warranties shall begin on the date of Government acceptance of the work.

1.5.1 Manufacturer's Warranty

NOTE: Specify 30-year warranty for projects remotely located and subject to severe wind loadings; for example, in Bermuda. Specify the 25-year warranty for other projects. Minimum warranty period shall extend beyond (1) one year.

Furnish the asphalt shingle manufacturer's standard 25 year warranty for the asphalt shingles. The warranty shall run directly to the Government.

1.5.2 Contractor's Warranty

The Contractor shall warrant for 5 years that the asphalt shingle roofing system, as installed, is free from defects in workmanship. When repairs due to defective workmanship are required during the Contractor's warranty period, the Contractor shall make such repairs within 72 hours of notification. When repairs are not performed within the specified time, emergency repairs performed by others will not void the warranty.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

2.1.1 Shingles

NOTE: For structures located adjacent to Air Force Facilities, high light reflectance colors should not be used where resultant glare would be objectionable to pilots.

Edit this paragraph for the correct weight of shingle required for the project. Heavyweight inorganic mat type shingles will be used for ARHOC 81 Barracks or similar designs for permanent construction which utilize shingles. Omit fungus resistance if not required.

Hip and ridge shingles may be made from the strip shingle tabs or may be of a separate design. Generally, hip and ridge shingles cut from self-sealing individual full shingle tabs perform best.

NOTE: For projects located in Bermuda, use the bracketed requirement for 290 pound shingles.

NOTE: Specify fungus-resistant shingles for projects located in climates having high humidity most of the time.

Mineral granule-surfaced asphalt shingles, self-sealing, square tab, strip, fungus-resistant. ASTM D 3018, Type I, and ASTM D 3462, architectural shingles weighing not less than 290 pounds per 100 square feet]. Shingles shall meet the fire resistance requirements of UL 790 for Class A and the wind resistance requirements of UL 997. Color shall be as selected from the manufacturer's standard color charts.

2.1.2 Mineral-Surfaced Asphalt Roll Roofing

ASTM D 6380.

2.1.3 Smooth-Surfaced Asphalt Roll Roofing

ASTM D 6380, Type II.

2.1.4 Underlayment

NOTE: Choose Type I or Type II from the text below. Type I is the minimum accepted. Type II is a heavy duty felt. Edit according to project requirements.

Asphalt-saturated felt conforming to ASTM D 4869 or ASTM D 226, Type II, number 30, without perforations or other material specified by the shingle manufacturer for use as underlayment.

2.1.4.1 Leak Barrier Underlayment

Self-adhering leak barrier or ice dam underlayment shall comply with ASTM D 1970 for sealability around nails.

2.1.5 Self-Adhering Membrane

Self-adhering rubberized asphaltic membrane, a minimum of 40 mils thick, and recommended by the shingle manufacturer for use as eaves flashing.

2.1.6 Nails for Applying Shingles and Asphalt-Saturated Felt

Aluminum or hot-dipped galvanized steel or equivalent corrosion resistant with sharp points and flat heads 3/8 to 7/16 inch in diameter. Shank diameter of nails shall be a minimum of 0.105 inch and a maximum of 0.135 inch with garb or otherwise deformed for added pull-out resistance. Nails shall be long enough to penetrate completely through or extend a minimum of 3/4 inch into roof deck, whichever is less, when driven through materials to be fastened.

2.1.7 Asphalt Roof Cement

ASTM D 4586, Type II.

2.1.8 Asphalt Primer

ASTM D 41.

2.1.9 Ventilators

NOTE: Drawings should detail type of ridge vent required. For aluminum ridge vents, see Section 07 60 00, FLASHING AND SHEET METAL.

Ventilation should be required with a total net free ventilating area of not less than 1 to 150 of the area of the space ventilated. The total area is permitted to be reduced to 1 to 300, provided at least 50 percent and not more than 80 percent of the required ventilating area is provided by ventilators located in the upper portion of the ventilated space at least 914 mm (3 feet) above eave or cornice vents, with the balance of required ventilation provided by eave or cornice vents. As an alternative, the net free cross-ventilation area may be reduced to 1 to 300 when a vapor barrier having a transmission rate not exceeding 1 perm is located on warm side of the attic insulation.

2.1.9.1 Nailable Plastic Shingle Over Type Ridge Vents

Ridge vents shall be constructed of UV stabilized nailable rigid polypropylene material, approximately 1 foot wide and 1 inch thick, and shall be in 4 foot long interlocking sections with self-aligning ends or corrugated polyethylene rigid roll or rigid strip ridge vent with aluminum wind deflectors on each side. Vents shall be designed to prevent infiltration of insects, rain, and snow.

2.1.9.2 Nailable Mesh Shingle Over Type Ridge Vents

Ridge vents shall be constructed of UV stabilized nailable polyester mesh material, approximately one foot wide. Vents shall be designed to prevent infiltration of insects, rain, and snow.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 VERIFICATION OF CONDITIONS

Ensure that roof deck is smooth, clean, dry, and without loose knots. Roof surfaces shall be firm and free from loose boards, large cracks,and projecting ends that might damage the roofing. Vents and other projections through roofs shall be properly flashed and secured in position, and projecting nails shall be driven flush with the deck.

3.2 SURFACE PREPARATION

Cover knotholes and cracks with sheet metal nailed securely to sheathing. Flash and secure vents and other roof projections, and drive projecting nails firmly home.

3.3 APPLICATION

Apply roofing materials as specified herein unless specified or recommended otherwise by shingle manufacturer's written instructions or by NRCA 0408.

3.3.1 Underlayment

NOTE: Select the applicable paragraph(s) from the following.

The installation of asphalt strip shingles at maximum exposure is not recommended on roofs having a slope of less than 1:4.

In locations where the January mean temperature is minus one degree C (30 degrees F) or less, a leak barrier underlayment membrane should be used. The leak barrier underlayment membrane may consist of: two plies of No. 15 asphalt saturated felt, one nailed to the deck and the second set in Type III or Type IV hot asphalt or asphalt lap cement; a heavyweight coated base sheet nailed to the deck and another felt ply or plysheet set in hot asphalt or asphalt lap cement; or a self adhering modified bitumen membrane.

NOTE: In locations where the average daily January temperature is 25 degrees F or below, use the second optional paragraph instead of the first optional paragraph.

Provide for roof slopes 4 inches per foot and greater. Apply one layer of shingle underlayment to roof deck. Lay underlayment parallel to roof eaves, starting at eaves. Provide minimum 2 inch head laps, 4 inch end laps, and 6 inch laps from both sides over hips and ridges. Nail sufficiently to hold until shingles are applied. Turn up vertical surfaces a minimum of 4 inches.

NOTE: These requirements are intended primarily for roof slopes between 2 and 4 inches per foot. They should not be specified for roof slopes 4 inches per foot and greater unless the condition of the note above is met. Delete bracketed sentence unless eave flashing is required.

Provide for roof slopes between 2 inches per foot and 4 inches per foot. Apply two layers to roof deck. Provide a 19 inch wide strip as starter sheet to maintain specified number of layers throughout roof. Lay parallel to eaves, starting at eaves. Provide minimum 19 inch head laps, 6 inch laps from both sides over hips and ridges, and 12 inch end laps in the field of the roof. Nail sufficiently to hold until shingles are applied. Turn up vertical surfaces a minimum of 4 inches. When a self-adhering membrane is used for eave flashing, start underlayment from upper edge of eave flashing.

3.3.2 Drip Edges

NOTE: Specify 4 inch spacing for nails for roofs in high wind areas.

Provide metal drip edges applied directly on the wood deck at eaves and over the underlayment at rakes. Extend back from edge of deck a minimum of 3 inches, and secure with nails spaced a maximum of 4 inches o.c. along inner edge.

3.3.3 Starter Strip

NOTE: Delete the first bracketed phrase unless eave flashing is specified. Otherwise, delete the second bracketed phrase.

NOTE: Include the next to last bracketed sentence and delete the last bracketed sentence unless the project is located in Bermuda.

Apply starter strip at eaves, using 9 inch wide strip of mineral-surfaced roll roofing of a color to match shingles. Optionally, use a row of shingles with tabs removed and trimmed to ensure that joints are not exposed at shingle cutouts. Apply starter strip along eaves, overlaying and finishing even with lower edge of eave flashing strip; fasten in a line parallel to and 3 to 4 inches above eave edge. Place nails so top of nail is not exposed in cutouts of first course of shingles. When roll roofing is provided, seal tabs of first course of shingles with asphalt roof cement. Fasten with 6 nails per strip of shingles or space nails at 6 inches o.c. for roll roofing. Seal tabs of first course of shingles with asphalt roof cement as specified below.]

3.3.4 Shingle Courses

NOTE: Shingles with the correct recommended exposure shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer's printed instructions as they appear on the bundle wrapping.

Start first course with full shingle, and apply succeeding courses with joints staggered at thirds or halves. Butt-end joints of shingles shall not align vertically more often than every fourth course. Apply shingle courses as follows:

a. Fastening: Do not drive fasteners into or above the factory-applied adhesive unless adhesive is located 5/8 inch or closer to top of cutouts. Place fasteners so they are concealed by shingle top lap and penetrate the head lap.

NOTE: At the text below, for application of shingles on mansard roofs and other steep roofs with slopes more than 21 inches per foot, require that tabs be cemented with asphalt roof cement.

NOTE: Delete item "b" and include items "c" and "d" for projects located in Bermuda and where:

1. Basic wind speed is 100 miles per hour (mph) and eave is 20 feet or higher above grade; or

2. Basic wind speed is 110 mph.

b. Shingles applied with nails: Nominal 5 inch exposure. Apply each shingle with minimum of four nails. Place one nail one inch from each end, and evenly space nails on a horizontal line a minimum of 5/8 inch above top of cutouts. [Cement each tab with one spot of asphalt roof cement placed one to 2 inches from bottom edge of shingle.]

c. Nailing: Apply shingles with nominal 5 inch exposure. Apply each shingle with minimum of six nails. Place one nail one inch from each end and one nail on each side of each cutout, on a horizontal line 5/8 inch above cutouts.

d. Sealing: Seal each tab with continuous, 9 inch long, 1/4 inch diameter bead of asphalt roof cement, applied to the surface of course below. Place bead on horizontal line 5/8 inch above cutouts so bead will be one inch from bottom edge of tab to be sealed and so bead will not show through cutouts. After nailing each shingle, press tabs down to ensure spreading and bonding of asphalt roof cement.

3.3.5 Hips and Ridges

Form with 9 by 12 inch individual shingles or with 12 by 12 inch shingles cut from 12 by 36 inch strip shingles. Bend shingles lengthwise down center with equal exposure on each side of hip or ridge. Lap shingles to provide a maximum 5 inch exposure, and nail each side in unexposed area 5 1/2 inches from butt and one inch in from edge.

3.3.6 Valleys

NOTE: Closed cut and woven valleys are preferred method for strip shingles, but open roll roofing and open sheet metal valleys may also be specified as Contractor options.

Provide either closed cut, woven, open roll roofing, or open sheet metal valleys.

3.3.6.1 Closed Cut Valleys

Provide 36 inch wide valley lining of single layer of smooth-surfaced or mineral-surfaced roll roofing, with mineral-surface facing down, for full length of valley as follows:

a. Center lining in valley over underlayment. Provide minimum 12 inch end laps in the lining and seal laps with asphalt roof cement. Fasten lining to hold it in place until shingles are applied.

b. Apply first regular course of shingles along eaves of one of the intersecting roof planes and across valley. Extend course at least 12 inches onto adjoining roof.

c. Apply succeeding courses in same manner as first course, extending across valley and onto adjoining roof.

d. Press shingles tightly into valley and nail in normal manner, except apply nails not closer than 6 inches to valley centerline, and apply additional nail in top corner of each shingle crossing valley.

e. Apply shingles on the adjoining roof plane, starting along eaves and across valley onto previously applied shingles. Trim overlapping courses back to a line parallel to and a minimum of 2 inches back from valley centerline.

f. Trim one inch on a 45 degree angle from upper corner of each end shingle. Embed end shingles in a 3 inch wide band of asphalt roof cement.

3.3.6.2 Woven Valleys

Provide valley lining as specified for closed cut valley. Lay valley shingles over lining by either of the following methods:

a. Method I: Apply regular shingles on both roofs simultaneously. Weave each course in turn over the valley. Lay the first regular course of shingles along eaves of roof up to and over valley. Extend course along adjoining roof deck at least 12 inches. Carry first regular course of shingles of adjoining roof over valley on top of previously applied shingles. Lay succeeding courses alternately, weaving valley shingles over each other for full length of valley.

b. Method II: Apply regular shingles on each roof surface separately to a line about 3 feet from center of valley, and weave valley shingles in place later, as specified for Method I.

In following either method, press shingles tightly into valley, and fasten in normal manner; except apply nails not closer than 6 inches to valley centerline, and apply additional nail in top corner of terminal shingle on both sides of valley.

3.3.6.3 Open Roll Roofing Valleys

Provide 18 inch wide strip of mineral-surfaced asphalt roll roofing, of a color to blend with asphalt shingles, and with granular surface facing down, for the full length of valley as follows:

a. Center roll roofing strip in valley over underlayment. Lay centered in valley over felt underlayment and with granular face down. Nail strip only enough to hold in place. Apply nails in rows one inch from each edge. As fastening along second side proceeds, press strip firmly into valley.

b. Center second strip 36 inches wide in valley and lay it over first strip with granular face exposed and nail as specified for 18 inch strip.

c. Before applying roofing shingles, snap two chalk lines for full length of valley. Locate each line 3 inches from centerline of valley at top, and increase width between lines by one inch for each 8 feet of valley length, continuing to eaves.

d. Apply a 2 inch band of asphalt roof cement along each edge of 36 inch strip from edge to chalk line. Cut regular shingle courses true along valley chalk lines, and nail in normal manner.

3.3.6.4 Open Sheet Metal Valleys

Sheet metal flashing for valleys is specified in Section 07 57 13 FLASHING AND SHEET METAL. Before installing and fastening flashing in place with metal cleats:

a. Install single layer of 36 inch wide, asphalt-saturated felt, centered on valley and extending entire length of valley over felt underlayment.

b. Cut regular shingle courses on each roof on true line 2 inches from valley centerline at top of valley, and increase width between lines by one inch for each 8 feet of valley length, continuing to eaves.

c. Apply 2 inch band of asphalt roof cement over flashing, along and under side of shingles adjoining valley.

d. Press shingles tightly into cement, and nail in normal manner, except apply nails not closer than 5 inches to valley centerline. Do not drive nails through valley flashing.

e. Provide a 4 inch band of asphalt roof cement for fastening shingle tabs down along open metal gutters.

3.3.7 Flashing

3.3.7.1 Eave Flashing

NOTE: Select the applicable paragraph(s) from the following.

NOTE: Where the average daily January temperature is 25 degrees F or below or where there is the chance of ice dams forming along the eaves, use the second optional paragraph instead of the first optional paragraph. In areas where the architect/engineer has determined that eave flashing is not commonly provided, do not include either paragraph.

Provide for roof slopes 4 inches per foot and greater. Provide eave flashing strips consisting of smooth-surfaced roll roofing. Flashing strips shall overhang metal drip edge 1/4 inch to 3/8 inch and extend up the slope far enough to cover a point 12 inches inside interior face of exterior wall. Where overhangs require flashings wider than 36 inches, locate laps outside exterior wall face. Laps shall be at least 2 inches wide and cemented with asphalt roof cement over entire length of lap. Lap end 12 inches and cement.

NOTE: The requirements below are intended primarily for roof slopes between 2 and 4 inches per foot. They should not be specified for roof slopes 4 inches per foot and greater unless the condition of note above is met.

Provide for roof slopes between 2 inches per foot and 4 inches per foot. Provide either of the following types of eave flashing:

a. From the eaves to a point 24 inches inside interior wall line, apply solid coating of asphalt roof cement between overlapping layers of underlayment. Spread cement to a uniform thickness at rate of 2 gallons per 100 square feet of cemented roof area.

b. From the eaves to a point 24 inches inside interior wall line, apply one layer of self-adhering membrane. Follow membrane manufacturer's printed installation instructions.

3.3.7.2 Stepped Flashing

For sloping roofs which abut vertical surfaces, provide stepped metal flashing.

3.3.7.3 Vent and Stack Flashing

Apply shingles up to point where vent or stack pipe projects through roof, and cut nearest shingle to fit around pipe. Before applying shingles beyond pipe, prepare flange of metal pipe vent flashing , by applying a 1/8 inch thick coating of asphalt roof cement on bottom side of flashing flange. Slip flashing collar and flange over pipe, and set coated flange in 1/16 inch coating of asphalt roof cement. After applying flashing flange, continue shingling up roof. Lap lower part of flange over shingles. Overlap flange with side and upper shingles. Fit shingles around pipe, and embed in 1/16 inch thick coating of asphalt roof cement where shingles overlay flange.

3.3.7.4 Chimney Flashing

NOTE: Delete this paragraph unless a chimney is indicated on the project drawings. Coordinate with Sections 06 10 00, and 07 60 00, to ensure that crickets and metal chimney flashing are specified.

Provide treated wood crickets as specified in Section 06 10 00 ROUGH CARPENTRY. Provide metal base and counterflashing. Uniformly coat masonry surfaces which are to receive flashing with asphalt primer applied at rate of one gallon per 100 square feet. Apply shingles over underlayment up to front face of chimney. Apply metal front base flashing with lower section extending at least 4 inches over shingles. Set base flashing in a 1/16 inch coating of asphalt roof cement on shingles and chimney face. Apply metal step flashing at sides in a coating of asphalt roof cement. Embed end shingles in each course that overlaps step flashing with asphalt roof cement. Apply metal rear base flashing over cricket and back of chimney in coating of asphalt roof cement. Apply end shingles in each course up to cricket, and cement in place. Lap base flashing minimum of 3 inches with metal counterflashing.

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