Draft_FAA-E-xxxx_ILS Specification_clean_external.pdf

FAA-E-XXXX

DRAFT, Month Day, Year

U.S. Department of Transportation

Federal Aviation Administration

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION

INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS)

FAA-E-xxxx

FAA-E-xxxx ii xx/xx/xxx

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. SCOPE

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS AND REFERENCES

2.1 FAA Documents

2.1.1 FAA Orders

2.1.2 FAA Standards

2.1.3 FAA Specifications

2.1.4 FAA Advisory Circulars (ACs)

2.1.5 FAA Interface Control Documents (ICDs)

2.1.6 FAA Miscellaneous Documents

2.2 Other Government Documents

2.2.1 IPC Documents

2.2.2 Military Standards and Handbooks

2.2.3 Government Miscellaneous Documents

2.3 Non-Government Documents

2.3.1 National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)

2.3.2 National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA)

2.3.3 Underwriters Laboratories (UL)

2.3.4 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

2.3.5 Non-Government Miscellaneous Documents

3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Equipment Comprising an Instrument Landing System (ILS)

3.2 General System Requirements

3.2.1 General Electrical Requirements

3.2.2 Mechanical

3.2.3 Characteristics

3.2.4 Equipment Design and Construction

3.2.5 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)/Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

3.2.6 Nameplates and Markings

3.2.7 Interchangeability

3.2.8 Personnel Safety and Health

3.2.9 Human Engineering

3.2.10 System Performance

3.2.11 Controls and Indicators

3.2.12 Transmitter Internal RF Power Measurement

3.2.13 Standby Power

3.2.14 Battery Disconnect Switch and Fuse/Circuit Breaker

3.2.15 Maintainability of Electronic Equipment

3.2.16 Reliability of Electronic Equipment

3.2.17 Continuity of Service

3.2.18 Integrity of Signal

3.2.19 Failsafe

3.2.20 Antenna Support Structure Design

3.2.21 Dual Equipment

3.2.22 Security Requirements

3.3 VHF Localizer System Requirements

3.3.1 Localizer Subsystem

3.3.2 VHF Localizer Station Performance

3.3.3 Localizer Transmitter

3.3.4 Localizer Antenna Array

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3.3.5 Localizer Monitor

3.3.6 Localizer Far-Field Monitor (FFM) Subsystem

3.4 UHF Glide Slope System Requirements

3.4.1 Glide Slope Subsystem

3.4.2 UHF Glide Slope Subsystem Performance

3.4.3 Glide Slope Transmitter

3.4.4 Amplitude and Phase Control and Distribution

3.4.5 Image-type Glide Slope Antenna Array

3.4.6 Glide Slope Monitor

3.5 VHF Marker Beacon Station

3.5.1 Coverage

3.5.2 Marker Beacon Transmitter

3.5.3 Marker Beacon Transmitting Antenna

3.5.4 AC Power Control

3.5.5 Marker Beacon Cabinet

3.5.6 Performance of Periodic Checks and Certification

3.6 Remote Control Subsystem (RCS)

3.6.1 Remote Status and Control Unit (RSCU)

3.6.2 Remote Status and Interlock Control (RSIC)

3.7 ILS/DME Monitor Receiver Subsystem

3.7.1 ILS/DME Monitor Receiver General Requirements

3.7.2 Receiver(s) and Processing Equipment

3.7.3 ILS/DME Monitor Receiver Subsystem Functions

3.7.4 ILS/DME Monitor Receiver Performance

3.7.5 Remote Status Panel (RSP)

3.7.6 Antennas

3.8 Remote Maintenance Monitoring (RMM)

3.8.1 Remote Monitoring Subsystem (RMS)

3.8.2 Alarm and Alert Messages

3.8.3 Non-Volatility

3.8.4 RMS Data Sampling Rate

3.8.5 Real Time Clock/Calendar

3.8.6 ILS Equipment Fault Diagnostics

3.8.7 Status Monitoring of Co-located Electronic Equipment

3.8.8 Auxiliary Input Pass-through

3.8.9 Spare Input/Output Capacity

3.8.10 Environmental Monitoring

3.8.11 RMS Security

3.8.12 RMS Data Filtering

3.8.13 RMS Failure Protection

3.8.14 Interface with RMM Subsystems

3.9 Data Security

3.9.1 Access Control

3.9.2 Audit Logging

4. VERIFICATION

4.1 Methods of Verification

4.1.1 Inspection (I)

4.1.2 Analysis (A)

4.1.3 Demonstration (D)

4.1.4 Test (T)

4.2 Test Allocation

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4.2.1 Developmental Test (DT)

4.2.2 Operational Test (OT)

4.3 General Procedures

4.3.1 Test Tools

4.3.2 Electrical Grounding

4.3.3 Flight Tests

4.4 Specific Procedures

4.4.1 Environmental Conditions

4.4.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)/Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) ... 105

4.4.3 Power Quality Requirements

4.5 Verification Requirements Traceability Matrix (VRTM)

5. PACKAGING

5.1 Packaging requirements shall be as specified in the contract

6. NOTES

6.1 Definitions

6.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Initializations

6.3 ICAO Annex 10 Compliance Matrix

APPENDIX A. ILS CHANNELS

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3-1. Inrush Current Ratio Limits Figure 3-2. Nameplates Figure 3-3. Personnel Safety Sign Layout Figure 3-4. Example CRS and CLR Patterns with Amplitude Relationships Identified Figure 3-5. Glide Slope Antenna Horizontal Radiation Pattern Figure 4-1. Inrush Current Limit Measurements Figure 4-2. Inrush Current Ratio Limits

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3-1. Localizer Requirements Table 3-2. Glide Slope Requirements Table 3-3. Parameter Resolution Table 3-4. Horizontal RF Radiation Pattern Characteristics Table 3-5. Capture Effect RF Distribution Table 3-6. Sideband Reference RF Distribution Table 3-7. Marker Beacon Coverage Table 3-8. Category for Various Conditions (CAT II/III-Capable Systems) Table 3-9. Status Indicators of ILS and Co-located Equipment Table 4-1 Applicable Requirements From MIL-STD-461G Table 4-2 Limits of Individual Harmonics

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1. SCOPE

The performance requirements specified herein are, for the most part, those requirements contained in Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Specification FAA- E-2852/b Change 2 and derived from International Civil Aviation Authority (ICAO) Annex 10, Volume 1, Radio

Navigation Aids, International Standards and Recommended Practices. The notable areas of exception are summarized below:

a. Remote Maintenance Monitoring (RMM) Requirements. These requirements exceed the minimum requirements contained in Annex 10 and are based on FAA maintenance requirements.

b. Localizer Antenna Array Performance. These requirements exceed the minimum requirements contained in Annex 10 and are based on FAA experience in obtaining a quality guidance signal in a high multi-path environment.

c. Remote Control Subsystem (RCS). These requirements are tailored to meet interlock requirements of other already fielded equipment in the National Airspace System (NAS).

The Instrument Landing System (ILS) is an instrument approach landing aid that provides guidance to properly equipped aircraft that are making approaches to and landing on airport runways where the ILS is installed. The testing, evaluation, and delivery of all subsystems and equipment that are required for a completed Category (CAT) I/II/III ILS include a Localizer subsystem, a Glide Slope subsystem, up to three Marker Beacon subsystems, Remote Control subsystem, Localizer Far-Field Monitor (FFM) subsystem, and a Remote Maintenance Monitor

(RMM) subsystem.

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS AND REFERENCES

2.1 FAA Documents

2.1.1 FAA Orders

A. FAA Order 6050.32B, Change 3, Spectrum Management Regulations and Procedures

Manual, November 17, 2005.

B. FAA Order 6750.49B, Maintenance of Instrument Landing Systems (ILS) Facilities, September 19, 2016.

C. FAA Order 8200.1D, Change 2, United States Standard Flight Inspection Manual

(USSFIM), September 20, 2024.

2.1.2 FAA Standards

A. FAA-STD-003, Paint Systems for Structures, June 11, 1965.

B. FAA-STD-019G, Lightning and Surge Protection, Grounding, Bonding and Shielding

Requirements for Facilities and Electronic Equipment, January 16, 2024.

C. FAA-STD-032, Design Standards for National Airspace System Facilities, August 1, 1996.

D. FAA-STD-049, Change 1, Fiber Optic Telecommunication Systems and Equipment, February 18, 1994.

E. FAA-STD-067, Standard Practice, Preparation of Specifications, December 4, 2009.

F. HF-STD-001B, Human Factors Design Standard, December 30, 2016.

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2.1.3 FAA Specifications

A. FAA-E-910A, Structural Steel, May 19, 1982.

A. FAA-E-2970, United States Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation

Administration, Performance Specification, Category II/III Instrument Landing System

(ILS), January 25, 1993.

B. FAA-E-3039A, Protocol Specification, Common Message Handling Protocol (CMHP), September 2018

2.1.4 FAA Advisory Circulars (ACs)

A. FAA AC 70/7460-1M, Obstruction Marking and Lighting, November 16, 2020.

B. FAA AC 5545-2, Specification for L-810 Obstruction Lights.

2.1.5 FAA Interface Control Documents (ICDs)

FAA ICD NAS-IC-51015108-01, Version 0.92, Remote Monitoring and Logging System

(RMLS) To Remote Monitoring Subsystem (RMS) Using Common Message Handling

Protocol (CMHP), March 2014.

2.1.6 FAA Miscellaneous Documents

A. FAA-C-1217H, Change 1, Electrical Work, Premises Wiring, January 5, 2021.

B. FAA-E-3039A, Common Message Handling Protocol (CMHP), September 2018.

C. FAA-G-2100J, Electronic Equipment General Requirements, April 19, 2022.

2.2 Other Government Documents

2.2.1 IPC Documents

A. IPC-A-600M, Applicability of Printed Circuit Boards, May 1, 2025.

B. IPC-A-610J, Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies, March 2024.

C. IPC-C-830C, Qualification and Performance of Electrical Insulating Compound for Printed

Wiring Assemblies, January 1, 2019.

D. IPC-CM-770E, Guidelines for Printed Board Component Mounting, January 1, 2004.

E. IPC-J-STD-001J, Requirements for Soldered Electrical and Electronic Assemblies, March

1, 2024.

F. IPC-SM-780, Component Packaging and Interconnecting with Emphasis on Surface

Mounting, March 1, 1988.

2.2.2 Military Standards and Handbooks

A. MIL-STD-461H, Interface Standard, Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic

Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment, April 17, 2026.

B. MIL-STD-810H, Change 1, Test Method Standard, Environmental Engineering

Considerations and Laboratory Tests, May 18, 2022.

C. MIL-STD-889D, Galvanic Compatibility of Electrically Conductive Materials, July 21, 2021.

2.2.3 Government Miscellaneous Documents

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A. FEMA P2082, NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other

Structures, September 1, 2020.

B. W-C-596-100B, Federal Specification Sheet, Connector, Plug, Electrical, Special Purpose, Grounding, Locking, 2 Pole, 3 Wire, 15 Amperes, 125 Volts, 50/60 Hertz, September 24, 2001.

C. W-C-596H, Federal Specification Sheet, Connector, Electrical, Power, General, May 25, 2014.

2.3 Non-Government Documents

2.3.1 National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)

A. NEMA C18.1M - Part 1, Portable Primary Cells and Batteries with Aqueous Electrolyte -

General and Specifications, September 9, 2025.

B. NEMA C18.1M, Part 2, Portable Primary Cells and Batteries with Aqueous Electrolyte -

Safety Standard, June 14, 2024.

C. NEMA C18.2M, Part 1, Portable Rechargeable Cells and Batteries - General and

Specifications, June 17, 2025.

D. NEMA C18.2M, Part 2, Portable Nickel Rechargeable Cells and Batteries - Safety

Standard, February 18, 2026.

E. NEMA C18.3M, Part 1, Portable Lithium Primary Cells and Batteries - General and

Specifications, May 28, 2024.

F. NEMA C18.3M, Part 2, Portable Lithium Primary Cells and Batteries – Safety Standard, August 4, 2024.

G. NEMA WD 6, Wiring Devices – Dimensional Specifications, January 2021.

H. NEMA Z535.1-2022, American National Standard for Safety Colors, August 9, 2022.

I. NEMA Z535.2-2023, American National Standard for Environmental and Facility Safety

Signs, December 14, 2023.

2.3.2 National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA)

A. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC), 2026.

B. NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, 2026.

C. NFPA 780, Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems, 2026.

2.3.3 Underwriters Laboratories (UL)

A. UL 49, 14th Edition, Molded-Case Circuit Breakers, Molded-Case Switches, and Circuit-

Breaker Enclosures, March 7, 2025.

B. UL 62, 20th Edition, Standard for Flexible Cords and Cables, January 31, 2023.

C. UL 900, 8th Edition, Standard for Air Filter Units, August 1, 2022.

2.3.4 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

A. IEEE C95.1-2019, Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields, 0 Hz to 300 GHz, October 4, 2019.

B. IEEE Standard C95.2-2018, Standard for Radio-Frequency Energy and Current-flow

Symbols, October 5, 2018.

2.3.5 Non-Government Miscellaneous Documents

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A. ASHRAE Standard 52.2-2025, Method for Testing General Ventilation Air-cleaning

Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size, 2025.

B. ASME Y14.44-2008, Reference Designations for Electrical and Electronic Parts and

Equipment, July 22, 2008.

C. ASSP A10.48-2023, Criteria for Safety Practices with the Construction, Demolition, Modification and Maintenance of Communication Structures, October 3, 2023.

D. EIA/ECA 310-E, Cabinets, Racks, Panels, and Associated Equipment, December 1, 2005.

E. Health Physics Society (HPS) N2.1, Radiation Symbol, May 19, 2011

F. IEC 61000-3-2, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Limits for Harmonic Current

Emissions (equipment input current ≤16 A per phase), Table 3, January 26, 2018.

G. International Standard, Recommended Practices and Procedures for Radio Navigation

Aids, Aeronautical Telecommunications, Annex 10 to the Convention on International

Civil Aviation, Eight Edition of Volume 1, July 2023.

H. SAE AMS-STD-595B, Colors Used in Government Procurement, June 3, 2026.

I. Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)-222-A, Maintenance and Condition

Assessment of Telecommunication Towers, October 2, 2023.

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3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Equipment Comprising an Instrument Landing System (ILS)

This specification describes the following equipment:

a. Very High Frequency (VHF) Localizer Subsystem in section 3.3

b. Localizer Far-Field Monitor (FFM) Subsystem in section 3.3.6

c. Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Glide Slope Subsystem in section 3.4

d. VHF Marker Beacon Station in section 3.5

e. Remote Control Subsystem (RCS) in section 3.6

f. ILS/Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) Monitor Receiver Subsystem in section 3.7

g. ILS Remote Maintenance Monitoring (RMM) in section 3.8

h. Data Security in section 3.9

3.2 General System Requirements

The general requirements of sections 3.2.1 through 3.2.22 herein are applicable to all ILS subsystems unless otherwise indicated.

3.2.1 General Electrical Requirements

3.2.1.1 Electrical Power

a. The equipment shall interface to building wiring in accordance with National Fire

Protection Agency (NFPA) 70, NFPA 70E, FAA-STD-032, and FAA-C-1217, in that order of precedence.

b. Electrical enclosures, cabling, and wiring shall be approved by an Occupational Safety and

Health Act (OSHA) nationally recognized testing laboratory.

3.2.1.1.1 Physical Requirements and Construction

a. Accessibility for maintenance and operations shall allow access to electrical components in accordance with NFPA 70E Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, including connections, wiring, etc., when the equipment is fielded.

b. Permanent installations of critical equipment should be hard wired whenever possible.

c. Equipment hardwired to line power shall meet the following requirements:

1. The main disconnecting means shall break all incoming lines immediately before the line filter, terminal block or connector, fuses, or other parts.

2. The main disconnecting means shall consist of disconnect switches or circuit breakers.

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3. Where radio frequency interference (RFI) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding integrity would be compromised, the disconnect shall be located at the power panelboard or other location, as defined in NFPA 70.

4. Controls and indicators for electrical line voltage of an equipment rack shall be located in accordance with NFPA 70.

d. Equipment and systems connected by cord and plug to line power shall meet the following requirements:

1. Provide plugs and receptacles connecting permanently mounted equipment to the alternating current (AC) supply line with twist-lock types in accordance with the requirements of W-C-596 and install in accordance with the requirements of NFPA

70. If installed inside the equipment, use plugs and receptacles that are FAA-approved, or industry-recognized, latching type.

2. Use power cords for connecting equipment to the AC supply in accordance with the requirements of UL62, and install in accordance with NFPA 70:

i. For 120V circuits, use a three-conductor cord (hot, neutral and ground).

ii. For 208V or 240V systems circuits, use a three-, four- , or five-conductor cord, dedicated ground pin mandatory.

3. Detachable power cords shall not be twist-lock type and be UL-listed for its intended purpose.

4. The supply end shall have a plug in accordance with the requirements of W-C-

596/100.

5. For all critical power circuits, receptacles shall be twist lock type except where the receptacles are not subject to be kicked or bumped (e.g., receptacles mounted inside an equipment rack).

6. When the equipment has a female connector, it shall have additional security to prevent inadvertent mechanical disconnection. (Note: This type of connector shall have locking/latching or retaining capability. Examples include DESC 87204

(Cannon connector); International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60320-C13 or IEC 60320-C19 with locking or latching provisions suitable for IT equipment;

or as otherwise approved by FAA.)

e. The ILS localizer, glide slope, and marker beacon equipment racks shall each include one

20 A, 125 VAC, National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) WD 5 grounding duplex receptacle, installed and wired in accordance with the requirements of NFPA-70.

f. The receptacle shall be located on the front of the cabinet at the bottom.

g. The equipment design shall include the provisions required to provide power to the outlet from a source independent of the equipment system power source.

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3.2.1.2 Power Quality Requirements

3.2.1.2.1 Harmonics

a. Equipment or systems shall meet IEC 61000-3-2, “Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions

(equipment input current ≤16 A per phase),” Table 3 (Limits for Class D Equipment), Maximum permissible harmonic current (A) for individual equipment item or subsystem.

b. Systems not certified to IEC harmonic requirements above shall be tested in accordance with section 4.4.3.1.

Note: If all subcomponents meet the requirements, then the entire piece of equipment also meets the requirement.

Note: If the equipment has an IEC stamp/certification for 230 V and 400 V (50 Hz) systems, any

120/240 V (60 Hz) applications shall be considered compliant, with no additional testing required.

3.2.1.2.2 Power Factor Displacement

The power factor (PF) for the ILS equipment shall be within 0.7 (lag) – 0.7 (lead).

3.2.1.2.3 Inrush Current

a. Equipment-caused current transients, including inrush currents, shall not cause nuisance tripping of the electrical system circuit breakers.

b. The inrush current shall be measured for equipment loads greater than 5 A in accordance with the test procedure in section 4.4.3.3.

c. The ratio of peak inrush current to steady state RMS current shall be equal to or less than the ratio defined by Figure 3-1.

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Figure 3-1. Inrush Current Ratio Limits

3.2.1.3 Protection of Equipment from AC/DC Power Anomalies

Protection of equipment from alternating current (AC)/direct current (DC) power anomalies shall comply with the following:

a. Provide current overload protection for the equipment by fuses, circuit breakers, or other protective devices for primary circuits;

b. The interrupting current of overcurrent protection devices shall not be less than 10 kiloampere (kA) interruption capacity (AIC) rating;

c. Provide protection against a total loss of power;

d. Provide protection against the loss of one or more phases of power; and,

e. Provide protection against a sustained undervoltage condition.

3.2.1.4 Input Power Conditions

The system shall operate within tolerance when the AC input power varies according to the following:

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a. The input voltage from 102–132 VAC;

b. Frequency is set to any value from 57–63 Hz (steady state);

c. Steady state frequency by ±0.5 Hz;

d. Steady state frequency variation rate up to 1.5 Hz/s;

e. Momentary deviation of frequency from 53–65 Hz, lasting 0.5 s to 3 s;

f. Momentary changes in frequency at a 5 Hz/sec rate, lasting 0.5 s to 3 s;

g. Total harmonic distortion (THD) shall be 10% or less; and,

h. Individual harmonic distortion shall be 3% or less.

3.2.1.5 Lightning and Surge Protection, Grounding, Bonding, and Shielding (LPGBS)

a. LPGBS for ILS electronic equipment shall be in accordance with most recent editions of

FAA-STD-019 and NFPA 780.

b. Surge protection devices (SPD) requirements for NAS electronic equipment shall be in accordance with FAA-STD-019, Section 5.6.4 Equipment Power Entrance – Transient

Protection, and its subsections.

3.2.1.6 Transformer Isolation of Non-Switching DC Power Supplies

a. All power supplies energized from the AC line power source shall be isolated from the AC input to reduce shock hazard and other circuit issues.

b. The DC resistance from each input line terminal (with fuses in place and AC line control contacts closed) to the signal or chassis ground shall be greater than 1 MΩ.

3.2.1.7 Protection of Outputs of Radio Frequency Equipment, Audio Equipment and Other

Electronic Circuits

a. All equipment output circuits shall be designed to include circuit protection and to prevent damage to equipment upon occurrences of opens or shorts on the output terminals.

b. When operated at any voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), including open and short conditions, the transmitter output circuitry shall not be damaged or exceed dissipation limits.

c. The transmitter shall shut itself down upon detection of a high VSWR.

3.2.2 Mechanical

3.2.2.1 Removable Parts and Mating Connectors

a. Electronic equipment shall be furnished with a complete set of installed fuses.

b. Removable circuit cards shall be shipped in individual packages with information to identify their location in the system.

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c. Removable circuit cards shall include hardware to prevent inadvertent removal by shock and vibration.

d. Mating connectors of equipment-mounted coaxial or cable connectors shall be provided.

e. Mating connectors shall be provided when two or more pieces of equipment require interconnection.

f. Circuit card guides shall support and retain the card in the guides during all phases of removal and insertion.

3.2.2.1.1 Equipment Racks

3.2.2.1.1.1 Pullout Drawers

a. Any equipment pullout drawers shall be of a full- suspension roller type with latching stops.

b. Slides shall be of sufficient rigidity to prevent bowing and/or having rollers jump their track when the drawer is fully extended and components are being replaced/maintained.

c. Drawers shall be equipped with handles to permit withdrawing the drawer into the open position and latches on active panel fasteners to secure the drawer in the closed position.

d. The rack cabinet shall not tip over during normal operation and all maintenance activities.

3.2.2.1.1.2 Rack Panels

a. Where rack panels are used, they shall be in accordance with EIA/ECA 310-E.

b. Panel slot/hole pattern shall be the universal hole spacing pattern for 1U, 2U, and 3U panels and the wide hole spacing for panels 4U and higher.

c. Nominal thickness for aluminum panels shall be 3/16”, or greater.

d. Nominal thickness for steel panels shall be at 1/8”, or greater.

3.2.2.1.2 Shelf Life

Materials and the processes shall ensure the equipment will meet performance requirements after a period of two years in a non-operational state after Government acceptance.

3.2.2.1.3 Moisture

Equipment in its operational environment shall not collect moisture.

3.2.2.2 Accessibility

3.2.2.2.1 General

a. All non-hinged shields or plates that are normally opened or removed in servicing equipment, shall be secured with captive fasteners.

b. Captive fasteners shall be spaced on centers not exceeding 10” and shall be located around the entire periphery of the shields or plates.

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3.2.2.2.2 Line Replaceable Units (LRUs)

a. The system shall utilize Line Replaceable Units (LRUs).

b. LRU Mounting devices shall provide the capability of the LRU to be repeatedly installed and removed in the field without degrading performance.

c. LRU plug-in modules and assemblies shall be designed to prevent insertion into the incorrect location or orientation.

3.2.2.2.3 Enclosures

a. No enclosure, or part thereof, shall support or sustain combustion in excess of the requirements of NEMA 250.

b. Enclosures for equipment or systems, up to 1,000 V, installed outside a building (outdoors) shall be either NEMA Type 4 or Type 4X as directed by the system specification.

c. Enclosures for equipment or systems, up to 1,000 V, installed inside a building where no dripping or splashing liquids or dust are normally expected shall be NEMA Type 1.

d. Exterior enclosures shall be lockable.

e. Accessibility to chassis, assemblies, or parts contained within cabinets, consoles or other enclosures shall be provided from outside the basic equipment.

f. Mounting such items on withdrawal slides, swinging doors, through cable extenders and cable retractors, and provisions for circuit card extenders shall allow part or module operation in the open position.

g. Locks shall be provided to lock the chassis in the servicing position.

h. When withdrawal slides are used they shall be of guided sectional construction.

i. Complete removal and access for servicing of electronic equipment contained within cabinets, consoles or other enclosures shall be provided from either the front or rear of the equipment.

j. Guide pins (or locating pins), or the equivalent, shall be provided for mechanical alignment during mounting.

3.2.2.3 Thermal Design

a. When air filters are required with forced air cooling, the air filters shall be in accordance with UL900 and ASHRAE 52.2.

b. The difference between the exhaust air temperature (measured inside the cabinet or console in front of the exhaust air vent) and input air temperature (measured outside the cabinet or console directly in front of the input air vent) shall be less than 15°C with the equipment operating under normal service conditions.

c. Air exhaust shall be directed away from operating personnel.

d. Cooling methods such as liquid, evaporative coolants, and vapor cycle refrigerants shall not be used.

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e. Failure of a cooling device shall cause a maintenance alert.

f. Failure of a forced cooling device shall cause no damage to the equipment.

g. Any forced air-cooling device shall be an LRU.

3.2.2.3.1 Ventilating Fan Motors

a. All ventilating fan motors (commonly called pancake type) shall be ball bearing.

b. Fans shall be capable of being continuously energized while its rotation is blocked without damage to the equipment.

c. Fans shall be of any frame construction type.

3.2.3 Characteristics

3.2.3.1 Environmental Conditions

Unless otherwise stated, all requirements of this specification shall be met over the full range of service conditions appropriate for the equipment described. The following ILS operating and non-operating environmental condition requirements were derived from MIL-STD-810.

3.2.3.1.1 Non-Operating Conditions

3.2.3.1.1.1 Non-Operating Temperature Range

Each system and sub-system packaged for storage, shipping, or transporting (non-operating) shall withstand a temperature range of -46°C to +71°C.

3.2.3.1.1.2 Non-Operating Altitude

Each system and sub-system packaged for storage, shipping, or transporting (non-operating) shall withstand atmospheric pressure of 575 to 1025 mbar (equivalent to approximately 15,000 feet above sea level in a standard atmosphere down to approximately 300 feet below sea level).

3.2.3.1.1.3 Vibration

Each system and sub-system shall not be damaged when subjected to the vibrations listed in Table

514.8C-I, Method 514.8 Annex C of MIL-STD-810, and the exposure duration provided in Annex

C, Section 2.1.4.

3.2.3.1.1.4 Shock

Each system and sub-system shall not be damaged when subjected to the mechanically induced shock as specified in Method 516.8, Procedure II of MIL-STD-810.

3.2.3.1.2 Operating Conditions

3.2.3.1.2.1 Seismic Zone Design

a. The equipment rack shall be bolted to the shelter floor to ensure positive attachment.

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b. All equipment and enclosures shall be designed and installed so that the enclosure and the mounted LRU and/or components will remain upright and in place, and all access panels, doors, and drawers shall remain secured to the enclosure.

3.2.3.1.2.2 Outdoor Temperature

All outdoor equipment shall operate in the temperature range of -46°C to +50°C.

3.2.3.1.2.3 Indoor Temperature

All indoor equipment shall operate in the temperature range of -10°C to +50°C.

3.2.3.1.2.4 Rain

All outdoor equipment shall operate while exposed to wind-blown rain, at a rate of 1.7 mm/minute

(4 in/hr), and up to 18 m/s (40 mph) blowing wind.

3.2.3.1.2.5 Operating Altitude

All indoor and outdoor equipment shall operate over the atmospheric pressure range of 700 to

1025 mbar (equivalent to approximately 10,000 feet above sea level in a standard atmosphere down to approximately 300 feet below sea level).

3.2.3.1.2.6 Wind Velocity

All outdoor equipment shall operate in wind conditions up to 100 mph velocity.

3.2.3.1.2.7 Ice Loading

The ILS antennas shall withstand up to 0.5” accumulation of clear ice on all outdoor components.

3.2.3.1.2.8 Humidity

a. Equipment shall operate within a relative humidity range from 5% to 100% when the temperature is 40°C or less.

b. Above 40°C, the equipment shall operate with a relative humidity based upon a dew point of 40°C.

3.2.3.2 Physical Characteristics

3.2.3.2.1 Electronic Equipment Assembly Requirements

a. Equipment assemblies, subassemblies, printed circuit board assemblies, terminal board assemblies, electronic modules, shall be Class 2 or Class 3 as defined in IPC-J-STD-001.

b. Printed circuit boards exposed to uncontrolled environmental conditions shall have a conformal coating in accordance with IPC CC-830.

3.2.3.2.2 Component Mounting

Component mounting shall be in accordance with IPC-CM-770 or IPC-CM-780, as applicable, except the term “not recommended” shall be interpreted as “reject.”

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3.2.3.2.3 Printed Circuit Boards

Printed circuit boards shall be in accordance with IPC-A-600M.

3.2.3.2.4 Assembly

Assembly shall be in accordance with IPC-A-610 and IPC-J-STD-001J.

3.2.3.2.5 Wire Wrap

Wire wrap shall not be used.

3.2.3.3 Maintainability

a. During routine servicing and maintenance, unsoldering of wires, wire harnesses, parts, or assemblies shall not be required.

b. When it is necessary to displace a part in order check or remove another part, the former part shall be wired and mounted so that it can be moved without being disconnected.

c. Removal of any panel or any sub-chassis for maintenance purposes shall be accomplished without unsoldering or soldering of connections.

d. Replacement of air filters shall be accomplished without the shutdown of fans.

e. The equipment shall automatically return to normal operation when input power is restored after a power interruption.

f. Test points and controls for adjustment shall not be located in compartments with voltage points of 300 V or more.

g. All test points and controls for adjustments shall be located to preclude accidental shock to personnel engaged in normal operating or maintenance activities.

h. Protection shall be provided in the test point circuitry to prevent equipment damage caused by the external grounding of test points.

i. Failure of built-in-test (BIT) devices shall not degrade equipment operation or cause equipment shutdown unless equipment is specifically designed to shut down in case of BIT device failure.

j. Test points on plug-in circuit cards shall be immediately accessible inside the electronic component cabinet.

3.2.4 Equipment Design and Construction

3.2.4.1 Materials, Processes, and Parts

3.2.4.1.1 Materials

3.2.4.1.1.1 Dissimilar Metals

a. Selection of metals for use in electronic equipment shall be made in accordance with the requirements of MIL-STD-889.

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b. Where electronic design requirements preclude the isolation from one another of incompatible metal combinations as identified in MIL-STD-889, the incompatible materials shall be isolated from exterior environments.

3.2.4.1.1.2 Metals, Corrosion Resistance

a. Metals shall be corrosion resistant or shall be coated or metallurgically processed to resist corrosion.

b. Materials and processes for metallic parts shall conform to applicable requirements in MIL-

STD-889.

c. Non-corrosion resistant steel alloys, except where specifically required for electronic purposes shall not be used.

3.2.4.1.1.3 Corrosion-resisting Ferrous Alloys

a. Austenitic corrosion-resisting steel shall be used for all structural parts that will be subjected to severe corrosive conditions, such as exposure to sea water and combustion gases.

b. Corrosion-resisting steels shall be given a passivation treatment.

3.2.4.1.1.4 Flammable Materials

Materials used in the end item configuration shall be noncombustible or fire retardant in the most hazardous conditions of the equipment environment.

3.2.4.1.2 Equipment Manufacturing Processes

3.2.4.1.2.1 Strain Relief

Each part lead terminating at a connection point shall have allowance for strain relief to minimize tensile or shear stress.

3.2.4.1.2.2 Painted Finish

a. Metal surfaces not otherwise protected as described herein shall be painted.

b. The painted surfaces shall withstand the environmental operating conditions defined in this specification without flaking, cracking, blistering or allowing any corrosion of the underlying surface.

c. Painted finishes shall be of a smooth texture, lusterless, brown color matching number

30372 of SAE AMS-STD-595.

d. Leaded paint shall not be used.

3.2.4.1.2.3 Cadmium Plating

Cadmium plating shall not be used.

3.2.4.1.3 Electrical Parts

3.2.4.1.3.1 Batteries

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a. Batteries shall be in accordance with NEMA C18.1M Part 1 and Part 2; NEMA C18.2M

Part 1 and Part 2; NEMA C18.3M Part 1 and Part 2; and applicable recognized industry standards.

b. Equipment containing batteries shall be able to operate and be maintained in accordance with their formally documented maintenance procedures for a minimum of 2 years before requiring replacement.

c. Batteries shall not leak or generate toxic, corrosive, or combustible fumes.

d. Except for equipment requiring permanent battery installation, battery-powered equipment shall be labeled externally as follows: “WARNING: REMOVE BATTERIES BEFORE

SHIPMENT OR INACTIVE STORAGE OF 30 DAYS OR MORE.”

e. Battery compartments shall be provided in accordance with the following:

1. Contain devices to firmly secure the batteries.

2. Provide access for battery installation, maintenance, testing, and removal without disassembly of equipment.

3. Prevent the build-up of heat, gases, liquids, or chemicals released during battery operation, charging, deterioration, or rupture.

4. Prevent build-up of heat, gases, liquids, or chemicals from entering the electronic compartment.

5. Prevent accidental battery discharge during battery installation, maintenance, testing, and removal.

f. Batteries used with or assembled to microelectronics to supply power to microelectronics shall not require a dedicated battery compartment.

g. Connections, polarity, minimum acceptable voltage for equipment operation, nominal voltage, and type(s) of batteries required shall be marked as applicable in a prominent place on or adjacent to the battery compartment.

3.2.4.1.3.2 Circuit Breakers

a. Circuit breakers shall be in accordance with the requirements of Underwriters Laboratories

(UL) 489, unless they are used in a UL approved equipment item or load.

b. Each pole of all circuit breakers shall provide complete overcurrent protection by having inverse time and instantaneous tripping characteristics.

c. Circuit breakers shall be operated by a toggle type handle and have a quick-make, quick-break, over-center switching mechanism, operating all poles, that is mechanically trip free from the handle so that the contacts cannot be closed against short circuit currents.

d. Circuit breakers shall be capable of manual operation to the open (off) and closed (on) conditions.

e. Circuit breakers shall not be used as switches unless they are specifically approved and listed for switching duty.

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f. Circuit breakers operating handles shall indicate, by visual or tactile means, the open (off), closed (on), and tripped states of the breaker.

g. Equipment or system circuit breakers shall be coordinated with the circuit breaker providing power to the equipment or system circuit breakers such that any overcurrent condition in the equipment or system will trip one or more equipment or system circuit breakers without tripping their power feed circuit breaker protecting the facility bus.

h. Equipment and system circuit breakers shall provide complete continuous overcurrent protection for the load served and be unaffected by load harmonics and inrush current.

i. Circuit breakers shall be full size units or multiples thereof, unless they are used in an UL approved equipment item or load.

j. Circuit breakers shall be permanently identified as to their continuous ampere rating.

k. Standard trip curve circuit breakers shall be used to the limits possible, unless they are used in an UL approved equipment item or load.

l. Circuit breakers shall not perform the function of thermal overload relays.

3.2.4.1.3.3 Connectors with Thermocouple Contacts

a. All connectors used in conjunction with thermocouples shall have their contact materials identified by one of the following methods:

1. Nameplate securely attached to each connector half or mounted on the panel mounted receptacles.

2. By means of insulation sleeving or other markers designed for attachment around wire bundles.

b. Markers shall be attached adjacent to the plug.

c. Contact materials shall be identified using the standard abbreviations for the elements used.

3.2.4.1.3.4 Power Connectors

a. All electrical power connectors shall be UL listed for their application and use.

b. All power connectors shall be in accordance with NEMA WD 6 standards.

c. Polarized connectors shall be used to ensure safety of equipment and personnel.

d. All unmated connectors shall be protected with metal or plastic caps or otherwise suitably protected during maintenance, storage, and shipment.

e. Unmated connectors with exposed contacts that may contain electrically hot circuits shall be covered with moisture-proof and vapor-proof caps.

f. Protective caps shall remain permanently linked to the equipment when not in active use.

3.2.4.1.3.5 Fuses

a. Fusing shall be coordinated so that fuses in branch circuits will open before the fuses in the main circuit.

b. Fuses shall not perform the function of thermal overload relay devices.

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c. Fuse ratings shall be compatible with both starting and operating currents.

d. Connections to extractor post type fuse holders shall be such that the load is connected to the fuse terminal that terminates in the removable cap assembly.

e. Fuses shall have a minimum interrupting capacity of 10,000 A when used in any AC line whose voltage exceeds 100 V.

3.2.4.1.3.6 Switches

Switches shall maintain their indicated state, i.e., open or closed, when subjected to any accidental force on the switch or the switch mounting equivalent to a 10g acceleration of either switch or mounting.

3.2.4.1.3.7 Wiring

3.2.4.1.3.7.1 Wiring – Electrical Clearance and Leakage Current

Clearance between solder connections or bare conductors (such as terminal strips, stand-offs, or similar connections), shall not allow accidental contact occurring between adjacent connections when subject to service conditions specified in this specification.

3.2.4.1.3.7.2 Wiring – Marking

a. All signal, control, and power wiring shall be uniquely identified to and within the enclosure along the wire and at each termination by permanent markings or labels that are protected from fading or abrasion.

b. Marking/labeling of the wiring shall occur at structural penetrations and at every 20 feet of wiring.

3.2.4.1.3.7.3 Wiring – Protection

a. The wiring shall be secured and protected against chafing due to vibration or movement

(such as slide out racks or drawers).

b. Wiring to pullout drawers shall employ cable retractors to protect the equipment.

3.2.4.1.3.7.4 Cable Ducts

Where cable ducts are employed, provisions shall be made for the removal of any wire that may become faulty.

3.2.4.1.3.7.5 Wiring – Bend Radius

a. The bend radius of wire and cable shall not be less than five times the cable diameter to avoid establishing a permanent set in the cable.

b. All enclosures and cable ducts shall be large enough to accommodate freely routing cables and wires while still maintaining clear access for all routine maintenance tasks.

3.2.4.1.3.7.6 Wiring – Sleeving

a. Flexible plastic sleeving shall be used on cables subject to flexing, such as panel door cables.

b. The sleeving shall be secured under cable clamps at each end.

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c. The cable shall be formed, secured, and protected so that no abrasion to the cable occurs when flexing in its normal motion.

3.2.4.1.3.7.7 Wiring – Panel Door Cables

Wiring to parts on a hinged door shall be arranged to flex without becoming damaged when the door is opened and closed.

3.2.4.1.3.7.8 Wiring – Through Hole Protection

a. Whenever wires are run through openings in metal partitions, shields, and the like, which are less than 0.125” in thickness, the holes shall be equipped with suitable mechanical protection (grommet) or insulation.

b. Openings in panels 0.125” or more in thickness shall have either grommets or the edges of the openings rounded to a minimum radius of 0.0625”.

c. Grommets for wires operating at RF potentials exceeding 500 Vrms shall be of ceramic or plastic material of suitable dielectric strength, except for coaxial cables that have outside protection, where rubber or neoprene is acceptable.

3.2.4.1.3.7.9 Wiring – Arrangement

a. Signal, data, control, and other low power conductors shall not be placed adjacent to line power conductors.

b. Materials used for lacing, binding, sleeving, and strapping shall be compatible with the conductor or cable insulation or jacket.

c. Wiring shall be arranged to permit bundling or permanent mounting in cable ducts.

3.2.4.1.3.7.10 Wiring – Slack

Discretely terminated wires and cables shall be as short as practicable and still allow for maintenance and operation without damage or crimping of the wires.

3.2.4.1.3.7.11 Wiring – Entrance Cabling

Wiring from cable entrances to terminal boards, plugs, jacks, and similar devices shall be harnessed and clamped or supported in a cable duct.

3.2.4.1.3.7.12 Wire

a. Stranded wire shall be preferred; however, solid wire may be used in the equipment, provided such wire is insulated and held in place so that it does not fail or show excessive motion likely to result in failure when the equipment is subjected to vibration and shock encountered under the specified service conditions.

b. Wire shall be continuous from point of origin, on a discrete device or terminal, to the point of destination, on a discrete device or terminal.

c. Wire and cable shall be supported and secured to prevent stress on the conductors and terminals and change in position of the wire or cable during and after subjection of the equipment to specified service conditions, or after service or repair of the equipment in a normal manner.

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d. Twine or tape shall not be used for securing wire and cable.

e. Insulation sleeving of conductors shall be UL listed for the application.

3.2.4.1.3.7.13 Fungus Protection

Materials that support fungus growth shall not be used for wiring or wiring insulation.

3.2.4.1.3.7.14 Aluminum Conductors

Aluminum conductors shall not be used for interconnections between LRUs.

3.2.4.1.3.7.15 Termination of Signal and Control Wiring

All external signal and control wiring entering the equipment shall be terminated with a connector.

3.2.4.1.3.7.16 Fiber Optics

Use of fiber optics shall be in accordance with FAA-STD-049.

3.2.4.1.4 Mechanical Parts

3.2.4.1.4.1 Controls and Switches

3.2.4.1.4.1.1 Direction of Movement

a. Controls shall be connected in the circuit so the controlled characteristics (e.g., sensitivity, volume, or voltage) increase with clockwise rotation of the control as seen from the operating position.

b. Movement of a control forward, clockwise, right, or up, shall turn the equipment on, or cause the quantity to increase, the equipment to move forward, clockwise, to the right, or up.

3.2.4.1.4.1.2 Operating Controls

Controls necessary for the operation of the equipment shall be located on the front panel of the unit.

3.2.4.1.4.1.3 Adjustment Controls

a. Adjustment controls that are required for periodic alignment or calibration shall be mounted behind covered openings (such as access doors), and on the faces of the equipment most accessible when installed.

b. When not adjustable by hand, controls shall be designed to accept a common screwdriver blade tip.

c. Controls which are infrequently adjusted need not be accessible from the operating panel, but shall be readily accessible for servicing without the use of an extender card when the equipment is opened for maintenance purposes.

d. The adjustment range shall not be large enough to cause equipment damage.

3.2.4.1.4.1.4 Operation

a. Play and backlash in controls shall be held to a minimum commensurate with intended operational functions maintaining electrical contact and accurate settings.

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b. Controls shall operate freely and smoothly without binding, scraping, or cutting.

c. Normal settings of all continuously variable controls shall not fall in the first tenth or last tenth of angular rotation.

3.2.4.1.4.1.5 Stops

a. Mechanical stops shall be provided for all adjustable controls, except controls designed for unlimited rotation.

b. Stops shall be provided on the driving end of the shaft where flexible control shafts are employed, or where stops that are integral to the adjustable control or the mechanism could be damaged by excessive torque.

3.2.4.1.4.1.6 Locking Devices

a. Control locking devices shall retain the controls in any given setting within the range of control.

b. The locking and unlocking action shall not affect the setting of the control.

c. Where vernier controls are used, the locking devices shall operate on both main and vernier controls, if necessary, to prevent damage.

3.2.4.1.4.1.7 Non-turn Devices

All non-turning controls and bodies or cases of turning controls shall be equipped with a positive device to prevent their turning in the panel or in the assembly on which they are mounted.

3.2.4.1.4.1.8 Fastener Hardware

a. Fasteners shall be able to be removed and installed without damage to hardware.

b. Fasteners shall remain secure when exposed to equipment operational and environmental stresses.

c. Except for those items designed to be affixed with one fastener, parts shall be secured so failure of a single fastener will not free the part completely.

d. Friction between mating surfaces shall not be employed as the sole means of preventing fixed parts from rotating or shifting.

e. Fasteners shall be selected to minimize the number of standard tools used during maintenance.

3.2.4.1.4.2 Glass and Glass Fibers

a. All glass used in the equipment shall be of the shatterproof type.

b. Glass fibrous materials shall not be used as the outer covering on cables, wire, or other items where they may cause skin irritation to operating or maintenance personnel.

3.2.5 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)/Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

a. The system shall be successfully tested in accordance with the requirements in 4.4.2.

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b. The equipment manufacturer or supplier shall ensure the system meets the requirements of

Federal Communication Commission (FCC) Rules and Regulations, Code of Federal

Regulations (CFR) Title 47, Chapter 1: Subchapter A, Part 2 and Part 15; and, Subchapter

D, Part 87.

c. All components of the Remote Maintenance Monitoring (RMM) subsystem and any other computing devices shall meet the requirements for Class A computing devices in accordance with FCC Rules and Regulations, CFR Title 47, Chapter 1, Subchapter A, Part

2, subpart J, (Frequency Allocations and Radio Treaty Matters; General Rules and

Regulations).

3.2.6 Nameplates and Markings

3.2.6.1 Nameplates

a. Each subsystem shall have one or more nameplates determined by the equipment configuration.

b. Each nameplate shall be in accordance with Figure 3-2.

c. Nameplates shall be attached by a self-adhesive backing or removable 4-40 stainless steel pan-head screws.

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Figure 3-2. Nameplates

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3.2.6.1.1 Equipment Titles

Unless specifically set forth in this specification, the FAA shall approve titles and type designations.

3.2.6.2 Marking

a. A marking shall be permanent and legible during normal operation and maintenance usage.

b. A marking shall be as specified in ASME Y14.44.

3.2.6.2.1 Visibility of Parts Labels

All LRU parts that have labels or markings identifying data or ratings, shall be mounted so that the data is visible to maintenance personnel without the necessity for disassembly of parts or of adjacent functional or structural parts.

3.2.6.2.1.1 Fuse Positions

All fuse positions shall be marked with the rated current capacity of the fuse to be employed therein and approved by the FAA.

3.2.6.2.1.2 Terminal Strips, Blocks, and Wafer Switches

All terminal strips, blocks and wafer switches shall be identified.

3.2.6.2.1.3 Controls and Indicating Devices

a. Markings shall be provided on the front of each exterior and interior panel and panel door, and also on control- mounting surfaces of each chassis, sub-panel, etc., to clearly designate the functions and operations of all controls, fuses, and indicating devices mounted thereon, protruding, or available through access holes therein.

b. All markings shall be located on the panel or chassis in correct relationship to the respective designated items.

3.2.7 Interchangeability

a. Like LRUs shall be interchangeable in form, fit, and function without mechanical adjustment.

b. LRU plug-in modules and assemblies shall be designed to prevent insertion into the incorrect location or orientation.

3.2.8 Personnel Safety and Health

a. To ensure personnel safety, the equipment shall be equipped to be anchored and remain in place…