Blair Square Technical Specs.pdf

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Blair Square Site Improvements Holliston, Massachusetts 01746

Prepared for:

Town of Holliston 703 Washington Street

Holliston, Massachusetts 01746

Prepared by:

BEALS AND THOMAS, INC

Reservoir Corporate Center 144 Turnpike Road (Route 9)

Southborough, MA 01772-2104

ISSUED FOR BIDDING

Issue Date: JUNE 6, 2022 BTI Job Number: 1439.03

Beals and Thomas, Inc.© Blair Square Site Improvements Holliston, Massachusetts

May 11, 2022 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Issued for Bidding

Section No. Title

DIVISION 1- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

015639 TEMPORARY TREE AND PLANT PROTECTION

DIVISION 3 – CONCRETE

033053 MISCELLANEOUS CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

DIVISION 31– EARTHWORK

311000 SITE CLEARING

312000 EARTH MOVING

DIVISION 32 – EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

321400 UNIT PAVING

329113 SOIL PREPARATION

329200 TURF AND GRASSES

329300 PLANTS

JUNE 6, 2022 015639 - 1 TEMPORARY TREE AND PLANT PROTECTION

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SECTION 015639 - TEMPORARY TREE AND PLANT PROTECTION

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. Section includes general protection and pruning of existing trees and plants that are affected by execution of the Work, whether temporary or permanent construction.

B. Related Requirements:

1. Section 311000 "Site Clearing" for removing existing trees and shrubs.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Caliper: Diameter of a trunk measured by a diameter tape at a height 6 inches above the ground for trees up to and including 4-inch size at this height and as measured at a height of 12 inches above the ground for trees larger than 4-inch size.

B. Caliper (DBH): Diameter breast height; diameter of a trunk as measured by a diameter tape at a height 54 inches above the ground line for trees with caliper of 8 inches or greater as measured at a height of 12 inches above the ground.

C. Plant-Protection Zone: Area surrounding individual trees, groups of trees, shrubs, or other vegetation to be protected during construction and indicated on Drawings.

D. Tree-Protection Zone: Area surrounding individual trees or groups of trees to be protected during construction and defined by a circle concentric with each tree with a radius 1.5 times the diameter of the drip line unless otherwise indicated.

E. Vegetation: Trees, shrubs, groundcovers, grass, and other plants.

1.4 PRE-CONSTRUCTION MEETING

A. Pre-Construction Meeting: Conduct conference at the Project Site.

1. Attendees shall include contractor, project arborist, and Owner and/or Landscape Architect.

2. Review methods and procedures related to temporary tree and plant protection including, but not limited to, the following:

JUNE 6, 2022 015639 - 2 TEMPORARY TREE AND PLANT PROTECTION

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a. Tree-service firm's personnel and equipment needed to make progress and avoid delays.

b. Coordination of Work and equipment movement within the locations of protection zones.

c. Trenching by hand or with air spade within protection zones.

d. Field quality control.

1.5 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product.

B. Shop Drawings:

1. Detail fabrication and assembly of protection-zone fencing.

2. Indicate extent of trenching by hand or with air spade within protection zones.

C. Tree Pruning Schedule: Written schedule detailing scope and extent of pruning of trees to remain that interfere with or are affected by construction.

1. Species and size of tree.

2. Location on site plan. Include unique identifier for each.

3. Reason for pruning.

4. Description of pruning to be performed.

5. Description of maintenance following pruning.

1.6 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Existing Conditions: Documentation of existing trees and plantings indicated to remain, which establishes preconstruction conditions that might be misconstrued as damage caused by construction activities.

1. Use sufficiently detailed photographs or video recordings.

2. Include plans and notations to indicate specific wounds and damage conditions of each tree or other plants designated to remain.

1.7 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. The following practices are prohibited within protection zones:

1. Storage of construction materials, debris, or excavated material.

2. Moving or parking vehicles or equipment.

3. Foot traffic.

4. Erection of sheds or structures.

5. Impoundment of water.

6. Excavation or other digging unless otherwise indicated.

7. Attachment of signs to or wrapping materials around trees or plants unless otherwise indicated.

B. Do not direct vehicle or equipment exhaust toward protection zones.

C. Prohibit heat sources, flames, ignition sources, and smoking within or near protection zones and organic mulch.

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PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Backfill Soil: Stockpiled soil of suitable moisture content and granular texture for placing around tree; free of stones, roots, plants, sod, clods, clay lumps, pockets of coarse sand, concrete slurry, concrete layers or chunks, cement, plaster, building debris, and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth. Location of stockpile(s) shall be within right-of-way and limit of work areas.

B. Protection-Zone Fencing: Fencing fixed in position and meeting the following requirement:

1. Plastic Protection-Zone Fencing: Plastic construction fencing constructed of high-density extruded and stretched polyethylene fabric with 2-inch maximum opening in pattern and weighing a minimum of 0.4 lb/ft.;

remaining flexible from minus 60 to plus 200 deg F inert to most chemicals and acids; minimum tensile yield strength of 2000 psi and ultimate tensile strength of 2680 psi; secured with plastic bands or galvanized-steel or stainless-steel wire ties; and supported by tubular or T-shape galvanized-steel posts spaced not more than 96 inches (2400 mm) apart.

a. Height: 48 inches.

b. Color: High-visibility orange, nonfading.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Erosion and Sedimentation Control: Examine the site to verify that temporary erosion- and sedimentation-control measures are in place. Verify that flows of water redirected from construction areas or generated by construction activity do not enter or cross protection zones.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Locate and clearly identify trees, shrubs, and other vegetation to remain. Flag each tree trunk at 54 inches above the ground.

B. Protect tree root systems from damage caused by runoff or spillage of noxious materials while mixing, placing, or storing construction materials. Protect root systems from ponding, eroding, or excessive wetting caused by dewatering operations.

3.3 PROTECTION ZONES

A. Protection-Zone Fencing: Install protection-zone fencing along edges of protection zones before materials or equipment are brought on the site and construction operations begin in a manner that will prevent people from easily entering protected areas. Construct fencing so as not to obstruct safe passage or visibility at vehicle intersections where fencing is located adjacent to pedestrian walkways or in close proximity to street intersections, drives, or other vehicular circulation.

B. Maintain protection zones free of weeds and trash.

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C. Repair or replace trees, shrubs, and other vegetation indicated to remain or be relocated that are damaged by construction operations, in a manner approved by Landscape Architect or Arborist.

D. Maintain protection-zone fencing in good condition and remove when construction operations are complete, and equipment has been removed from the site.

1. Do not remove protection-zone fencing, even temporarily, to allow deliveries or equipment access through the protection zone.

2. Temporary access is permitted subject to preapproval in writing if a root buffer effective against soil compaction is constructed. Maintain root buffer so long as access is permitted.

3.4 EXCAVATION

A. General: Excavate at edge of protection zones and for trenches indicated within protection zones according to requirements in Section 312000 "Earth Moving" unless otherwise indicated.

B. Trenching within Protection Zones: Where utility trenches are required within protection zones, excavate under or around tree roots by hand or with air spade, or tunnel under the roots by drilling, auger boring, or pipe jacking. Do not cut main lateral tree roots or taproots; cut only smaller roots that interfere with installation of utilities. Cut roots as required for root pruning. If excavating by hand, use narrow-tine spading forks to comb soil and expose roots.

C. Redirect roots in backfill areas where possible. If encountering large, main lateral roots, expose roots beyond excavation limits as required to bend and redirect them without breaking. If encountered immediately adjacent to location of new construction and redirection is not practical, cut roots approximately 3 inches back from new construction and as required for root pruning.

D. Do not allow exposed roots to dry out before placing permanent backfill. Provide temporary earth cover or pack with peat moss and wrap with burlap. Water and maintain in a moist condition. Temporarily support and protect roots from damage until they are permanently relocated and covered with soil.

3.5 ROOT PRUNING

A. Prune tree roots that are affected by temporary and permanent construction. Prune roots as follows:

1. Cut roots manually by digging a trench and cutting exposed roots with sharp pruning instruments; do not break, tear, chop, or slant the cuts. Do not use a backhoe or other equipment that rips, tears, or pulls roots.

2. Cut Ends: Do not paint cut root ends.

3. Temporarily support and protect roots from damage until they are permanently redirected and covered with soil.

4. Cover exposed roots with burlap and water regularly.

5. Backfill as soon as possible according to requirements in Section 312000 "Earth Moving."

B. Root Pruning at Edge of Protection Zone: Prune tree roots 6 inches outside of the protection zone by cleanly cutting all roots to the depth of the required excavation.

3.6 CROWN PRUNING

A. Unless otherwise directed by arborist and acceptable to Landscape Architect, do not cut tree leaders.

B. Cut branches with sharp pruning instruments; do not break or chop.

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C. Do not paint or apply sealants to wounds.

D. Provide subsequent maintenance pruning as required by contract. Arborist to recommend.

E. Chip removed branches and remove from project site.

3.7 REGRADING

A. Lowering Grade: Where new finish grade is indicated below existing grade around trees, slope grade beyond the protection zone. Maintain existing grades within the protection zone.

B. Lowering Grade within Protection Zone: Where new finish grade is indicated below existing grade around trees, slope grade away from trees as recommended by arborist unless otherwise indicated on plans.

1. Root Pruning: Prune tree roots exposed by lowering the grade. Do not cut main lateral roots or taproots; cut only smaller roots. Cut roots as required for root pruning.

C. Raising Grade: Where new finish grade is indicated above existing grade around trees, slope grade beyond the protection zone. Maintain existing grades within the protection zone.

D. Minor Fill within Protection Zone: Where existing grade is 2 inches or less below elevation of finish grade, fill with backfill soil. Place backfill soil in a single uncompacted layer and hand grade to required finish elevations.

3.8 REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT

A. General: Repair or replace trees, shrubs, and other vegetation indicated to remain or to be relocated that are damaged by construction operations, in a manner approved by Landscape Architect.

1. Submit details of proposed pruning and repairs.

2. Perform repairs of damaged trunks, branches, and roots within 24 hours.

3. Replace trees and other plants that cannot be repaired and restored to full-growth status, as determined by

Arborist.

B. Trees: Remove and replace trees indicated to remain that are more than 66 percent dead or in an unhealthy condition before the end of the corrections period or are damaged during construction operations that Arborist determines are incapable of restoring to normal growth pattern.

1. Large Trees: Provide one new tree(s) of 6-inch caliper size for each tree being replaced that measures more than 6 inches in caliper size.

2. Plant and maintain new trees as specified in Section 329300 "Plants."

3.9 DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS AND WASTE MATERIALS

A. Disposal: Remove excess excavated material, displaced trees, trash, and debris and legally dispose of them off project area.

END OF SECTION 015639

JUNE 6, 2022 033053 - 1 MISCELLANEOUS CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

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Copyright © 2021 by the American Institute of Architects. Warning: This AIA MasterSpec based document is protected by U.S. Copyright Law and International Treaties. It was created by Beals and Thomas, Inc. for 3043.00 Church Street Visitor’s Center. A valid, current Master- Spec license is required for editing or use of this document for any other project.

SECTION 033053 - MISCELLANEOUS CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. Section includes cast-in-place concrete, labor and equipment, reinforcement, concrete materials, mixture design, placement procedures, and finishes for the following site improvements:

1. Site furnishings and Portolet concrete pads

2. Granite seat wall footings

3. Pavilion and signage footings

1.3 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated.

B. Other Action Submittal:

1. Design Mixtures: For each concrete mixture.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Ready-Mix-Concrete Manufacturer Qualifications: A firm experienced in manufacturing ready-mixed concrete products and that complies with ASTM C 94/C 94M requirements for production facilities and equipment.

B. Comply with the following sections of ACI 301, unless modified by requirements in the Contract Documents:

1. "General Requirements."

2. "Formwork and Formwork Accessories."

3. "Reinforcement and Reinforcement Supports."

4. "Concrete Mixtures."

5. "Handling, Placing, and Constructing."

C. Comply with ACI 117, "Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials."

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 FORMWORK

A. Furnish formwork and formwork accessories according to ACI 301.

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2.2 STEEL REINFORCEMENT

A. Reinforcing Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60, deformed.

B. Plain-Steel Wire: ASTM A 82/A 82M, as drawn.

C. Plain-Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement: ASTM A 185/A 185M, fabricated from as-drawn steel wire into flat sheets.

D. Deformed-Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement: ASTM A 497/A 497M, flat sheet.

2.3 CONCRETE MATERIALS

A. Cementitious Material: Use the following cementitious materials, of the same type, brand, and source throughout Project:

1. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I.

B. Normal-Weight Aggregate: ASTM C 33, graded, 1-1/2-inch nominal maximum aggregate size.

C. Water: ASTM C 94/C 94M.

2.4 ADMIXTURES

A. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C 260.

B. Chemical Admixtures: Provide admixtures certified by manufacturer to be compatible with other admixtures and that will not contribute water-soluble chloride ions exceeding those permitted in hardened concrete. Do not use calcium chloride or admixtures containing calcium chloride.

1. Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type A.

2. Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type B.

3. Water-Reducing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type D.

4. High-Range, Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type F.

5. High-Range, Water-Reducing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type G.

6. Plasticizing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 1017/C 1017M, Type II.

2.5 CONCRETE MIXTURES

A. Comply with ACI 301 requirements for concrete mixtures.

B. Normal-Weight Concrete: Prepare design mixes, proportioned according to ACI 301, as follows:

1. Minimum Compressive Strength: 4000 psi at 28 days.

2.6 CONCRETE MIXING

A. Ready-Mixed Concrete: Measure, batch, mix, and deliver concrete according to ASTM C 94/C 94M, and furnish batch ticket information.

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1. When air temperature is above 90 deg F, reduce mixing and delivery time to 60 minutes.

B. Project-Site Mixing: Measure, batch, and mix concrete materials and concrete according to ASTM C 94/C 94M. Mix concrete materials in appropriate drum-type batch machine mixer.

1. For mixer capacity of 1 cu. yd. or smaller, continue mixing at least 1-1/2 minutes, but not more than 5 minutes after ingredients are in mixer, before any part of batch is released.

2. For mixer capacity larger than 1 cu. yd., increase mixing time by 15 seconds for each additional 1 cu. yd..

3. Provide batch ticket for each batch discharged and used in the Work, indicating Project identification name and number, date, mix type, mix time, quantity, and amount of water added. Record approximate location of final deposit in structure.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 FORMWORK

A. Design, construct, erect, brace, and maintain formwork according to ACI 301.

3.2 EMBEDDED ITEMS

A. Place and secure anchorage devices and other embedded items required for adjoining work attached to or supported by cast-in-place concrete. Use setting drawings, templates, diagrams, instructions, and directions furnished with items to be embedded.

3.3 STEEL REINFORCEMENT

A. Comply with CRSI's "Manual of Standard Practice" for fabricating, placing, and supporting reinforcement.

3.4 CONCRETE PLACEMENT

A. Comply with ACI 301 for placing concrete.

B. Before test sampling and placing concrete, water may be added at Project site, subject to limitations of ACI 301.

C. Consolidate concrete with mechanical vibrating equipment.

3.5 CONCRETE PROTECTING AND CURING

A. General: Protect freshly placed concrete from premature drying and excessive cold or hot temperatures. Comply with ACI 306.1 for cold-weather protection and with ACI 301 for hot-weather protection during curing.

B. Begin curing after finishing concrete but not before free water has disappeared from concrete surface.

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C. Curing Methods: Cure formed and unformed concrete for at least seven days:

1. Curing Compound: Apply uniformly in continuous operation by power spray or roller according to manufacturer's written instructions. Recoat areas subjected to heavy rainfall within three hours after initial application. Maintain continuity of coating and repair damage during curing period.

3.6 REPAIRS

A. Remove and replace concrete that does not comply with requirements in this Section.

END OF SECTION 033053

JUNE 6, 2022 311000 - 1 SITE CLEARING

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SECTION 311000 - SITE CLEARING

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Removing existing vegetation.

2. Clearing and grubbing.

3. Removing above- and below-grade site improvements.

4. Temporary erosion and sedimentation control.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Subsoil: Soil beneath the level of subgrade; soil beneath the topsoil layers of a naturally occurring soil profile, typified by less than 1 percent organic matter and few soil organisms.

B. Surface Soil: Soil that is present at the top layer of the existing soil profile. In undisturbed areas, surface soil is typically called "topsoil," but in disturbed areas such as urban environments, the surface soil can be subsoil.

C. Topsoil: Top layer of the soil profile consisting of existing native surface topsoil or existing in-place surface soil; the zone where plant roots grow.

D. Vegetation: Trees, shrubs, groundcovers, grass, and other plants.

1.4 MATERIAL OWNERSHIP

A. Except for materials indicated to be stockpiled or otherwise remain Owner's property, cleared materials shall become Contractor's property and shall be removed from Project site.

1.5 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Existing Conditions: Documentation of existing trees and plantings, adjoining construction, and site improvements that establishes preconstruction conditions that might be misconstrued as damage caused by site clearing.

1. Use sufficiently detailed photographs or video recordings.

2. Include plans and notations to indicate specific wounds and damage conditions of each tree or other plant designated to remain.

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B. Record Drawings: Identifying and accurately showing locations of capped utilities and other subsurface structural, electrical, and mechanical conditions.

1.6 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Traffic: Minimize interference with adjoining roads, streets, walks, and other adjacent occupied or used facilities during site-clearing operations.

1. Do not close or obstruct streets, walks, or other adjacent occupied or used facilities without permission from Owner and authorities having jurisdiction.

2. Provide alternate routes around closed or obstructed traffic ways if required by Owner or authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Utility Locator Service: Notify Dig Safe System for area where Project is located before site clearing.

C. Do not commence site clearing operations until temporary erosion- and sedimentation-control measures are in place.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 STRAW BALES

A. Air-dried straw, seasoned before baling, free of noxious weeds, weed seeds, and other materials detrimental to plant life.

B. Hardwood Stakes: 1-inch by 1-inch by 3 feet kiln dried hardwood stakes.

2.2 FILTER BAGS FOR CATCH BASINS

A. Non-woven polypropylene filter bag manufactured specifically for controlling sediment flow into catch basins.

1. Ultra-DrainGuard® Catch Basin Insert.

2. Siltsack® Hi-Flow or equal.

2.3 SOIL MATERIALS

A. Satisfactory Soil Material: Requirements for satisfactory soil material are specified in Section 312000 "Earth Moving."

1. Obtain approved borrow soil material off-site when satisfactory soil material is not available on-site.

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PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Protect and maintain benchmarks and survey control points from disturbance during construction.

B. Furnish and set all lines and grades required.

C. Protect existing site improvements to remain from damage during construction.

1. Do not cut, remove, destroy or trim trees or other vegetation outside the designated areas without approval of the Owner.

2. Restore damaged improvements to their original condition, as acceptable to Owner.

3.2 TEMPORARY EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL

A. Provide temporary erosion- and sedimentation-control measures to prevent soil erosion and discharge of soil-bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways.

B. As construction progresses and seasonal conditions dictate, more erosion control facilities may be required. Address new conditions that may be created and provide additional facilities over the above minimum requirements as may be required.

C. As a minimum, the following shall apply:

1. Trees may be cut whenever desired, but brush and stumps shall not be removed until 1 week prior the start of construction in that area. The existing ground surface shall be disturbed as little as possible prior to the start of construction.

2. Provide erosion control barriers as shown on the Drawings or as otherwise required to reduce the sediment content of the water.

3. Ensure that all runoff leaving the site flows to water courses in such a manner to prevent erosion.

4. Loam and seed or mulch disturbed areas as soon as practicable but not contrary to the requirements of other Sections.

D. Catch Basin Protection

1. Filter Bags

a. Install in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.

b. Remove accumulated silt periodically as necessary to maintain effectiveness.

E. Stray Bale/Silt Fence Barrier

1. Install as shown on Drawings to catch silt.

2. Install bales in conjunction with silt fence, unless otherwise indicated.

3. Entrench bales and silt fence into ground and stake in place as shown on Drawings.

4. Remove accumulated silt and replace straw bales and silt fence periodically as necessary to maintain effectiveness.

F. Existing Drainage Facilities

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1. Clean existing storm sewers, culverts, or other drainage facilities which become partially or totally blocked due to siltation from Contractor's operations. Make any necessary arrange-ments with the jurisdictional agency for the cleaning of the facility.

G. Inspect, maintain, and repair erosion- and sedimentation-control measures during construction until permanent vegetation has been established.

H. Remove erosion and sedimentation controls and restore and stabilize areas disturbed during removal.

3.3 EXISTING UTILITIES

A. Interrupting Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt utilities serving facilities occupied by Owner or others, unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary utility services according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify Owner not less than two days in advance of proposed utility interruptions.

2. Do not proceed with utility interruptions without Owner written permission.

3.4 CLEARING AND GRUBBING

A. Remove obstructions, trees, shrubs, and other vegetation to permit installation of new construction.

1. Do not remove trees, shrubs, and other vegetation indicated to remain or to be relocated.

2. Grind down stumps and remove roots larger than 2 inches in diameter, obstructions, and debris to a depth of 18 inches below exposed subgrade.

3. Use only hand methods or air spade for grubbing within protection zones.

4. Chip removed tree branches and dispose of off-site.

Retain paragraph below if required. Coordinate with Section 312000 "Earth Moving."

B. Fill depressions caused by clearing and grubbing operations with satisfactory soil material unless further excavation or earthwork is indicated.

1. Place fill material in horizontal layers not exceeding a loose depth of 8 inches and compact each layer to a density equal to adjacent original ground.

3.5 TOPSOIL STRIPPING

A. Remove sod and grass before stripping topsoil.

B. Strip topsoil to depth in a manner to prevent intermingling with underlying subsoil or other waste materials.

1. Remove subsoil and non-soil materials from topsoil, including clay lumps, gravel, and other objects larger than 2 inches in diameter; trash, debris, weeds, roots, and other waste materials.

C. Stockpile topsoil away from edge of excavations without intermixing with subsoil or other materials.

Grade and shape stockpiles to drain surface water. Cover to prevent windblown dust and erosion by water.

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1. Limit height of topsoil stockpiles to 72 inches.

2. Dispose of surplus topsoil. Surplus topsoil is that which exceeds quantity indicated to be stockpiled or reused.

3. Stockpile surplus topsoil to allow for re-spreading deeper topsoil.

3.6 SITE IMPROVEMENTS

A. Remove existing above- and below-grade improvements as indicated and necessary to facilitate new construction.

B. Remove slabs, paving, curbs, gutters, and aggregate base as indicated.

1. Unless existing full-depth joints coincide with line of demolition, neatly saw-cut along line of existing pavement to remain before removing adjacent existing pavement. Saw-cut faces vertically.

2. Paint cut ends of steel reinforcement in concrete to remain with two coats of antirust coating, following coating manufacturer's written instructions. Keep paint off surfaces that will remain exposed.

3.7 DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS AND WASTE MATERIALS

A. Remove surplus soil material, unsuitable topsoil, obstructions, demolished materials, and waste materials including trash and debris, and legally dispose of them off Owner's property.

B. Separate recyclable materials produced during site clearing from other nonrecyclable materials.

Store or stockpile without intermixing with other materials, and transport them to recycling facilities.

Do not interfere with other Project work.

END OF SECTION 311000

JUNE 6, 2022 312000 - 1 EARTH MOVING

Copyright © 2021 by the American Institute of Architects. Warning: This AIA MasterSpec based document is protected by U.S. Copyright Law and International Treaties. It was created by Beals and Thomas, Inc. for 3043.00 Church Street Visitor’s Center. A valid, current MasterSpec license is required for editing or use of this document for any other project.

SECTION 312000 - EARTH MOVING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Excavating and filling for rough grading the Site.

2. Preparing subgrades for slabs-on-grade, pavements, and plants.

3. Subbase course for concrete walks pavements.

4. Subbase course and base course for asphalt paving.

5. Excavating and backfilling trenches for utilities and pits for buried utility structures.

B. Related Requirements:

1. Section 311000 "Site Clearing" for site stripping, grubbing, stripping and stockpiling topsoil, and removal of above- and below-grade improvements and utilities.

2. Section 329300 "Plants" for finish grading in planting areas and tree and shrub pit excavation and planting.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Backfill: Soil material or controlled low-strength material used to fill an excavation.

1. Initial Backfill: Backfill placed beside and over pipe in a trench, including haunches to support sides of pipe.

2. Final Backfill: Backfill placed over initial backfill to fill a trench.

B. Base Course: Aggregate layer placed between the subbase course and hot-mix asphalt paving.

C. Bedding Course: Aggregate layer placed over the excavated subgrade in a trench before laying pipe.

D. Borrow Soil: Satisfactory soil imported from off-site for use as fill or backfill.

E. Drainage Course: Aggregate layer supporting the slab-on-grade that also minimizes upward capillary flow of pore water.

F. Excavation: Removal of material encountered above subgrade elevations and to lines and dimensions indicated.

G. Fill: Soil materials used to raise existing grades.

JUNE 6, 2022 312000 - 2 EARTH MOVING

Copyright © 2021 by the American Institute of Architects. Warning: This AIA MasterSpec based document is protected by U.S. Copyright Law and International Treaties. It was created by Beals and Thomas, Inc. for 3043.00 Church Street Visitor’s Center. A valid, current MasterSpec license is required for editing or use of this document for any other project.

H. Rock: Rock material in beds, ledges, unstratified masses, conglomerate deposits, and boulders of rock material 3/4 cu. yd. or more in volume that exceed a standard penetration resistance of 100 blows/2 inches when tested by a geotechnical testing agency, according to ASTM D1586.

I. Structures: Buildings, footings, foundations, retaining walls, slabs, tanks, curbs, mechanical and electrical appurtenances, or other man-made stationary features constructed above or below the ground surface.

J. Subbase Course: Aggregate layer placed between the subgrade and base course for hot-mix asphalt pavement, or aggregate layer placed between the subgrade and a cement concrete pavement or a cement concrete or hot-mix asphalt walk.

K. Subgrade: Uppermost surface of an excavation or the top surface of a fill or backfill immediately below subbase, drainage fill, drainage course, or topsoil materials.

L. Utilities: On-site underground pipes, conduits, ducts, and cables as well as underground services within buildings.

1.4 PREINSTALLATION MEETINGS

A. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct preexcavation conference at Project site.

1. Review methods and procedures related to earthmoving, including, but not limited to, the following:

a. Personnel and equipment needed to make progress and avoid delays.

b. Coordination of Work with utility locator service.

c. Coordination of Work and equipment movement with the locations of tree- and plant-protection zones.

d. Extent of trenching by hand or with air spade.

e. Field quality control.

1.5 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of the following manufactured products required:

1. Geotextiles.

2. Warning tapes.

B. Samples for Verification: For the following products, in sizes indicated below:

1. Geotextile: 12 by 12 inches.

2. Warning Tape: 12 inches long; of each color.

1.6 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Qualification Data: For qualified testing agency.

B. Material Test Reports: For each on-site and borrow soil material proposed for fill and backfill as follows:

JUNE 6, 2022 312000 - 3 EARTH MOVING

Copyright © 2021 by the American Institute of Architects. Warning: This AIA MasterSpec based document is protected by U.S. Copyright Law and International Treaties. It was created by Beals and Thomas, Inc. for 3043.00 Church Street Visitor’s Center. A valid, current MasterSpec license is required for editing or use of this document for any other project.

1. Classification according to ASTM D2487.

2. Laboratory compaction curve according to ASTM D1557.

C. Preexcavation Photographs or Videotape: Show existing conditions of adjoining construction and site improvements, including finish surfaces that might be misconstrued as damage caused by earth-moving operations. Submit before earth moving begins.

1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Geotechnical Testing Agency Qualifications: Qualified according to ASTM E329 and ASTM D3740 for testing indicated.

1.8 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Traffic: Minimize interference with adjoining roads, streets, walks, and other adjacent occupied or used facilities during earth-moving operations.

1. Do not close or obstruct streets, walks, or other adjacent occupied or used facilities without permission from Owner and authorities having jurisdiction.

2. Provide alternate routes around closed or obstructed traffic ways if required by Owner or authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Utility Locator Service: Notify "Dig Safe System" for area where Project is located before beginning earth-moving operations.

C. Do not commence earth-moving operations until temporary site fencing and erosion- and sedimentation-control measures specified in Section 311000 "Site Clearing" are in place.

D. Do not commence earth-moving operations until plant-protection measures specified in Section 015639 "Temporary Tree and Plant Protection" are in place.

E. The following practices are prohibited within protection zones:

1. Storage of construction materials, debris, or excavated material.

2. Parking vehicles or equipment.

3. Foot traffic.

4. Erection of sheds or structures.

5. Impoundment of water.

6. Excavation or other digging unless otherwise indicated.

7. Attachment of signs to or wrapping materials around trees or plants unless otherwise indicated.

F. Do not direct vehicle or equipment exhaust towards protection zones.

G. Prohibit heat sources, flames, ignition sources, and smoking within or near protection zones.

H. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt utilities serving facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted in writing by Engineer and then only after arranging to provide temporary utility services according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify Owner not less than two days in advance of proposed utility interruptions.

2. Do not proceed with utility interruptions without Owner’s written permission.

JUNE 6, 2022 312000 - 4 EARTH MOVING

Copyright © 2021 by the American Institute of Architects. Warning: This AIA MasterSpec based document is protected by U.S. Copyright Law and International Treaties. It was created by Beals and Thomas, Inc. for 3043.00 Church Street Visitor’s Center. A valid, current MasterSpec license is required for editing or use of this document for any other project.

I. Demolish and completely remove from site existing underground utilities indicated to be removed.

Coordinate with utility companies to shut off services if lines are active.

J. Geotechnical Report: A geotechnical report has not been prepared for this Project. Conduct test borings and other exploratory operations as necessary to confirm existing subsurface conditions.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SOIL MATERIALS

A. General: Provide borrow soil materials when sufficient satisfactory soil materials are not available from excavations.

B. Satisfactory Soils: Soil Classification Groups A-1, A-2-4, A-2-5, and A-3 according to AASHTO M 145, or a combination of these groups; free of rock or gravel larger than 3 inches in any dimension, debris, waste, frozen materials, vegetation, and other deleterious matter.

C. Unsatisfactory Soils: Soil Classification Groups A-2-6, A-2-7, A-4, A-5, A-6, and A-7 according to AASHTO M 145, or a combination of these groups.

1. Unsatisfactory soils also include satisfactory soils not maintained within 2 percent of optimum moisture content at time of compaction.

D. Ordinary Fill: Well graded, natural inorganic soil approved by the Engineer, free of organic or other weak or compressible materials, or frozen materials, and of stones larger than one-half the lift thickness. It shall be of such nature and character that it can be compacted to the specified densities in a reasonable length of time. It shall be free of highly plastic clay, of all materials subject to decay, decomposition, or dissolution, and of cinders or other materials that will corrode piping or other metal. It shall have a minimum dry unit weight of not less than ll5 pounds per cubic foot.

Material from excavation on the site may be used as ordinary fill if it meets the above requirements.

E. Processed Gravel: Sound, durable bank or crusher-run gravel and sand, practically free from loam, peat, and clay, well graded as follows:

Sieve Size Percent Passing By Weight

3 in. 100

1 ½ in. 70-100

¾ in. 50-85

No. 4 30-60

No. 200 0-10

JUNE 6, 2022 312000 - 5 EARTH MOVING

Copyright © 2021 by the American Institute of Architects. Warning: This AIA MasterSpec based document is protected by U.S. Copyright Law and International Treaties. It was created by Beals and Thomas, Inc. for 3043.00 Church Street Visitor’s Center. A valid, current MasterSpec license is required for editing or use of this document for any other project.

F. ½” Stone Footing, Crushed Stone or Drainage Fill: Clean crushed stone approved by the Engineer and conforming to the following gradation:

Sieve Size Percent Passing By Weight

1 in. l00

¾ in. 90-l00

½ in. 10-50

3/8 in. 0-20

No. 4 0-5

G. Screened Gravel: Hard, durable, particles of proper size and gradation, free from sand, loam, clay, excess fines, and deleterious materials. Screened gravel shall meet the requirements of ASTM C33, stone size No. 67 and shall conform to the following gradation:

Sieve Size Percent Passing By Weight

1 in. l00

¾ in. 90-100

3/8 in. 20-55

No. 4 0-10

No. 8 0-5

H. Structural Fill: Clean granular material free from ice, snow, roots, sod, rubbish, loam, peat, clay and other deleterious or organic matter conforming to the following gradation:

Sieve Size Percent Passing By Weight

¾ in. 100

No. 4 30-85

No. 40 5-50

No. 200 0-8

I. Sand Borrow: Clean inert, hard durable grains of quartz or other hard durable rock, free from loam or clay, surface coatings and deleterious materials. The allowable amount of material passing a No. 200 sieve as determined by AASHTO-T11 shall not exceed 10 percent by weight. Maximum particle size shall be 3/8 inch.

J. Impervious Fill: Clayey gravel and sand mixture capable of compacting to a dense state.

JUNE 6, 2022 312000 - 6 EARTH MOVING

Copyright © 2021 by the American Institute of Architects. Warning: This AIA MasterSpec based document is protected by U.S. Copyright Law and International Treaties. It was created by Beals and Thomas, Inc. for 3043.00 Church Street Visitor’s Center. A valid, current MasterSpec license is required for editing or use of this document for any other project.

2.2 GEOTEXTILES

A. Separation Geotextile: Woven geotextile fabric, manufactured for separation applications, made from polyolefins or polyesters; with elongation less than 50 percent; complying with AASHTO M 288 and the following, measured per test methods referenced:

1. Survivability: Class 2; AASHTO M 288.

2.3 ACCESSORIES

A. Warning Tape: Acid- and alkali-resistant, polyethylene film warning tape manufactured for marking and identifying underground utilities, 6 inches wide and 4 mils thick, continuously inscribed with a description of the utility; colored as follows:

1. Red: Electric.

2. Yellow: Gas, oil, steam, and dangerous materials.

3. Orange: Telephone and other communications.

4. Blue: Water systems.

5. Green: Sewer systems.

6. Green: Sewer systems.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities from damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and other hazards created by earth-moving operations.

B. Protect and maintain erosion and sedimentation controls during earth-moving operations.

C. Protect subgrades and foundation soils from freezing temperatures and frost. Remove temporary protection before placing subsequent materials.

3.2 DEWATERING

A. Provide dewatering system of sufficient scope, size, and capacity to control hydrostatic pressures and to lower, control, remove, and dispose of ground water and permit excavation and construction to proceed on dry, stable subgrades.

B. Prevent surface water and ground water from entering excavations, from ponding on prepared subgrades, and from flooding Project site and surrounding area.

C. Protect subgrades from softening, undermining, washout, and damage by rain or water accumulation.

1. Reroute surface water runoff away from excavated areas. Do not allow water to accumulate in excavations. Do not use excavated trenches as temporary drainage ditches.

JUNE 6, 2022 312000 - 7 EARTH MOVING

Copyright © 2021 by the American Institute of Architects. Warning: This AIA MasterSpec based document is protected by U.S. Copyright Law and International Treaties. It was created by Beals and Thomas, Inc. for 3043.00 Church Street Visitor’s Center. A valid, current MasterSpec license is required for editing or use of this document for any other project.

D. Dispose of water removed by dewatering in a manner that avoids endangering public health, property, and portions of work under construction or completed. Dispose of water and sediment in a manner that avoids inconvenience to others.

3.3 EXCAVATION, GENERAL

A. Unclassified Excavation: Excavate to subgrade elevations regardless of the character of surface and subsurface conditions encountered. Unclassified excavated materials may include rock, soil materials, and obstructions. No changes in the Contract Sum or the Contract Time will be authorized for rock excavation or removal of obstructions.

1. If excavated materials intended for fill and backfill include unsatisfactory soil materials and rock, replace with satisfactory soil materials.

3.4 EXCAVATION FOR STRUCTURES

A. Excavate to indicated elevations and dimensions within a tolerance of plus or minus 1 inch. If applicable, extend excavations a sufficient distance from structures for placing and removing concrete formwork, for installing services and other construction, and for inspections.

1. Excavations for Footings and Foundations: Do not disturb bottom of excavation. Excavate by hand to final grade just before placing concrete reinforcement. Trim bottoms to required lines and grades to leave solid base to receive other work.

B. Excavations at Edges of Tree- and Plant-Protection Zones:

1. Excavate by hand or with an air spade to indicated lines, cross sections, elevations, and subgrades. If excavating by hand, use narrow-tine spading forks to comb soil and expose roots. Do not break, tear, or chop exposed roots. Do not use mechanical equipment that rips, tears, or pulls roots.

2. Cut and protect roots according to requirements in Section 015639 "Temporary Tree and Plant Protection."

3.5 EXCAVATION FOR WALKS AND PAVEMENTS

A. Excavate surfaces under walks and pavements to indicated lines, cross sections, elevations, and subgrades.

3.6 EXCAVATION FOR UTILITY TRENCHES

A. Excavate trenches to indicated gradients, lines, depths, and elevations.

1. Excavate as necessary for all pipes, storm and sanitary drainage, electrical, telephone, ca-ble television, fire alarm, water, gas, related structures and appurtenances, and for any other trenching necessary to complete the Work. Trench excavation includes the removal of all materials encountered.

2. There may be utilities and other underground pipes along the course of the Work. Infor-mation shown on the Drawings as to location is from available sources, but no guarantee is inherent or to be assumed that such information is accurate or complete.

JUNE 6, 2022 312000 - 8 EARTH MOVING

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3. Exercise special care during operations to avoid damage to utilities and structures. When necessary, cooperate with, and consult with the appropriate representatives in order to avoid such damage.

4. Preserve and protect from injury all property either public or private along and adjacent to the line of work, and be responsible for and repair any and all damage and injury thereto, arising out of or in consequence of any act or omission.

5. Support existing pipes in place or otherwise protect from injury, or restore to at least as good condition as that in which they were found immediately prior to start of work.

6. Provide suitable bridges over trenches where required for accommodation and safety of the traveling public and as necessary to satisfy the required permits and codes.

7. Unless otherwise indicated, provide a separate trench for each utility.