Attachment_J.8_Final Test Report Template.pdf

NEW CAR ASSESSMENT PROGRAM (NCAP)

DYNAMIC ROLLOVER RESISTANCE TEST

FORD MOTOR CO.

2020 Ford Explorer XLT RWD

TEST NUMBER: NCAP-DRI-RR-20-05

Final Report 6 May 2020

Prepared by:

Dynamic Research, Inc.

355 Van Ness Ave. #200

Torrance, CA 90501

Prepared for:

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration New Car Assessment Program 1200 New Jersey Avenue S.E.

Washington, DC 20590 ii ii

The United States Government assumes no liability for the contents of this report or use thereof. If trade or manufacturers' names or products are mentioned, it is only because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers.

Dynamic Research, Inc. does not endorse or certify products of manufacturers. The manufacturer’s name appears solely to identify the test article. Dynamic Research, Inc.

assumes no liability for the report or use thereof. It is responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

Report Prepared by:

John Lenkeit, Program Manager Date: 6 May 2020

Jonathan Robel, Test Engineer iii iii

Technical Report Documentation Page

1. Report No.

NCAP-DRI-RR-20-05

2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No.

4. Title and Subtitle

NCAP Dynamic Rollover Resistance Maneuver (Fishhook) Test of a 2020 Ford Explorer XLT RWD

5. Report Date

6 May 2020

6. Performing Organization Code

DRI

7. Author(s) John Lenkeit, Program Manager Jonathan Robel, Test Engineer

8. Performing Organization Report No.

DRI- TM-18-111

9. Performing Organization Name and Address

Dynamic Research, Inc.

355 Van Ness Ave. #200 Torrance, CA 90501

10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)

11. Contract or Grant No.

DTNH22-14-D-00332

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration New Car Assessment Program 1200 New Jersey Avenue S.E.

Washington, DC 20590

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

Final Report February to May 2020

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

NRM-110

15. Supplemental Notes

16. Abstract

An NCAP Dynamic Rollover Maneuver (Fishhook) Test was conducted on a 2020 Ford Explorer XLT RWD at Dynamic Research, Inc. on February 13, 2020. The vehicle did not experience two-wheel lift. The vehicle’s steering angle at 0.3 g lateral acceleration at 50 mph was 26.1 degrees.

17. Key Words

New Car Assessment Program Rollover Fishhook Test

18. Distribution Statement

Copies of this report are available from:

NHTSA Technical Reference Division National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20590

19. Security Classif. (of this report)

Unclassified

20. Security Classif. (of this page)

Unclassified

21. Number of Pages

22. Price

Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized iv iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

I. INTRODUCTION

II. VEHICLE PREPARATION

A. Test Vehicle

B. Tires

C. Vehicle Loading

D. Steering Controller

E. Real-Time Controller and Data Acquisition

F. Equipment Weight

G. Sensors

H. Other Vehicle Preparation

III. TEST PROCEDURES

A. Test Procedure Overview

B. Test Conditions

IV. RESULTS

APPENDIX A Photographs .............................................................................................. A-1

APPENDIX B Test Run Log ............................................................................................. B-1

APPENDIX C Slowly Increasing Steer Test Worksheet ...................................................C-1

APPENDIX D Time History Plots .....................................................................................D-1 v v

LIST OF FIGURES

1. Nominal Position of Video Cameras for Fishhook Tests

2. DRI-Minter Vehicle Dynamics Area vi vi

LIST OF TABLES

1. Test Vehicle Data

2. Tire Information

3. Vehicle Loading

4. Weight of In-Cab Test equipment

5. Sensor Specifications

6. Surface Friction

7. Handwheel Angles

8. Weather Conditions

Section I

INTRODUCTION

Beginning with the 2006 fiscal year, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has engaged Dynamic Research, Inc. (DRI) of Torrance, CA to conduct dynamic rollover testing and gather data from that testing as part of NHTSA’s New Car Assessment Program (NCAP).

The purpose of the testing reported herein was to determine if a typical 2020 Ford Explorer XLT RWD would experience tip-up, defined as simultaneous two-wheel lift of two inches or more at an entry speed of 50 mph or less in the Fishhook Procedure developed by NHTSA. This procedure may be found at www.regulations.gov, docket item NHTSA-2006-26555-0136.

The testing reported herein was accomplished under contract DTNH22-14-D-00332.

The task order is entitled, “NCAP Dynamic Rollover Testing.”

Section II

VEHICLE PREPARATION

A. Test Vehicle

The test vehicle was new or in as-new condition, meaning the vehicle had been driven no more than 500 miles prior to the start of dynamic rollover testing. It was acquired through a commercial rental/leasing company. Details of the test vehicle are given in Table 1.

B. Tires

All tires used were new, and of the same make, model, size, and DOT specification of those installed on the vehicle when purchased new. Tire inflation pressures were in accordance with the recommendations indicated on each vehicle's identification placard.

To further reduce the possibility of tire debeading, the tires were mounted to the rims without the use of tire mounting lubricant. Tire specifications are listed in Table 2.

C. Vehicle Loading

The multi-passenger load, described in the Fishhook Procedure, was used for all tests.

The load and positioning of the load in the vehicle are listed in Table 3.

In addition to water dummies, the loading included instrumentation, a steering machine, and outriggers. Test vehicle bumper assemblies were removed for outrigger installation. The reduction in vehicle weight due to the removal of the bumpers was offset by the additional weight of the outriggers and their mounting system. The outrigger system typically outweighs the bumper assemblies.

Table 1. Test Vehicle Data

General Data

Model year, make, model 2020 Ford Explorer XLT RWD

VIN 1FMSK7DH5LGA7xxxx

Vehicle type/Body style MPV/SUV

Number of doors 4

Trim level XLT RWD

Seating positions

Front: 2nd row 3rd row 4th row 5th row

2 2 2 0 0

Electronic stability control Yes 4-Wheel ABS (Yes/No) Yes Power steering (Yes/No) Yes Major optional equipment

18" 5-SPOKE PAINTED ALUM WHLS, P255/65R18

A/S BSW TIRES, REMOTE START SYSTEM, 8-

WAY POWER PASSENGER SEAT

Odometer at start of testing 60 miles

Drivetrain

Engine cylinder arrangement Inline 4

Engine displacement 2.3 L

Transmission type Automatic

Drive arrangement 2WD (RWD)

Chassis

Track width F: 65.5 in (1663.7 mm), R: 66 in (1676.4 mm)

Wheelbase 119 in (3022.6 mm)

Curb weight 4292 lb (1946.8 kg)

Certification Data from Vehicle’s Label

Vehicle manufactured by FORD MOTOR CO.

Date of manufacture 09/19

GVWR 5770 lb (2617 kg)

GAWR Front 2505 lb (1136 kg)

GAWR Rear 3370 lb (1529 kg)

Table 2. Tire Information

Tire Manufacturer Hankook

Tire Model KINERGY GT Kontrol Technology

Tire Size Front: 255/65R18 Rear: 255/65R18

Load rating Front:111 Rear:111

Speed rating Front: H Rear: H

Treadwear grade Front: 500 Rear: 500

Traction grade Front: A Rear: A

Temperature grade Front: A Rear: A

Location of “Recommended Tire Pressure” label Driver’s door jamb

Recommended cold tire pressure Front: 33 psi, (230 kPa) Rear: 33 psi, (230 kPa)

First 8 digits of DOT code Front: 1T768 1B H0 Rear: 1T768 1B H0

Table 3. Vehicle Loading

Water dummy and other loading 3 water dummies - 2 in second row, 1 in center of third row

Water dummy weight 175 lb (79.4 kg)

Fuel level Full

Weight as Tested

Left front 1300 lb (589.7 kg)

Right front 1169 lb (530.2 kg)

Left rear 1393 lb (631.9 kg)

Right rear 1438 lb (652.3 kg)

D. Steering Controller

Precise controlled steering is accomplished using a steering machine designed and constructed by DRI. DRI has used its Automated Vehicle Controller (AVC) steering machine for many vehicle tests including FMVSS 126 tests. It can provide up to 65 ft-lb torque and rates over 1300 deg/sec. The integrated angle encoder has an unlimited range with a resolution of 0.045 degrees and an accuracy of ±0.045 degrees. The steering motor is controlled by a MicroAutoBox II from dSPACE, which also acts as the data acquisition system.

E. Real-Time Controller and Data Acquisition

Data acquisition is achieved using a MicroAutoBox II from dSPACE, which also serves as the real-time system for the steering controller. Data from the Oxford IMU, including Longitudinal, Lateral, and Vertical Acceleration, Roll, Yaw, and Pitch Rate, Forward and Lateral Velocity, Roll and Pitch Angle, are sent over Ethernet to the Micro AutoBox. The Oxford IMUs are calibrated per the manufacturer’s recommended schedule (Table 5).

The MicroAutoBox II specifications are:

Two video cameras were used to record the Fishhook runs. They were positioned nominally as shown in Figure 1. The recorded videotapes were reviewed after the Fishhook runs to check for any two-wheel lift. If any two-wheel lift was observed, eight infrared distance- measuring sensors for measurement of wheel lift (two sensors at each wheel) were then mounted for use in subsequent confirmation Fishhook tests.

F. Equipment Weight

Table 4 lists the equipment and associated weights outlined in the NHTSA Laboratory Test Procedure for Dynamic Rollover and the equipment at DRI used for this specific test program. The equipment used at DRI for this test program differs slightly from the equipment that was previously used by NHTSA for rollover testing. Because DRI’s equipment is lighter than NHTSA’s equipment, DRI uses ballast to maintain a consistent weight and weight distribution in the vehicle.

Model: dSPACE Micro-Autobox II 1401/1513 Base Board SN 549068 I/O Board SN 588523

Table 4. Weight of In-Cab Test Equipment

Equipment Location

Equipment Weight (lb)

NHTSA* DRI

Data Acquisition System Front passenger seat 58

Steering Machine Handwheel 31 31

Steering Machine Electronics Box

Passenger row foot well behind the front passenger seat. If vehicle does not have a rear passenger row foot well, the

Electronics Box should be placed in the front passenger seat foot well.

MABX, and laptop Front passenger seat 21

Motor control and power supply Front passenger footwell 26

Ballast Front passenger footwell 50

Total 128 128

* Table A.1 from US DOT NHTSA - Laboratory Test Procedure for Dynamic Rollover - The Fishhook Maneuver Test

Procedure - New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) - March 2013

G. Sensors

A list of the sensors is given in Table 5.

H. Other Vehicle Preparation

In addition to installation and preparation discussed above, the test vehicle was prepared as follows:

Front and rear bumpers were removed

Outrigger mounts were installed in the bumper locations and titanium outriggers were fastened to these mounts

Airbags were removed or otherwise disabled

Photographs of the vehicle tested are given in Appendix A.

Table 5. Sensors

Measured Variable

Sensor Range Resolution Accuracy Specifics Serial

Number Calibration

Vehicle Tire Pressure

Tire Pressure Gauge

0-100 psi 0-690 kPa

0.01 psi

6.89 kPa

< 1% error between 20 and 100 psi

Omega

DPG8001

17042707002

By: DRI Date: 7/3/2019 Due: 7/3/2020

Vehicle Total, Wheel, and Axle Load

Platform Scales (Minter)

1200 lb/platform 5338 N/platform

1 lb

4.4 N

0.5% of applied load

Intercomp SWI 1110M206352

By: DRI Date: 1/6/2020 Due: 1/6/2021

Platform Scales (Torrance)

1200 lb/platform 5338 N/platform

1 lb

4.4 N

0.5% of applied load

Intercomp

SW500

0828MA19001

By: DRI Date:

9/12/2019 Due: 9/12/2020

Handwheel Angle

Steering Angle Encoder (Automated Steering Controller)

±800 deg 0.045 deg ±0.045 deg

DRI Automatic Vehicle Controller using dSPACE Micro- Autobox II

NA

Verified by DRI at installation1

Longitudinal, Lateral, and Vertical Acceleration Roll, Yaw, and Pitch Rate, Forward and Lateral Velocity, Roll and Pitch Angle

Multi-Axis Inertial Sensing System

Accels ± 5 g, Angular Rate ±300 deg/s, Angle >45 deg, Velocity >200 km/h

Accels .001 g, Angular Rate

0.01 deg/s, Angle 0.05 deg, Velocity 0.1 km/h

Accels .001g, Angular Rate

0.01 deg/s, Angle 0.05 deg, Velocity 0.1 km/h

Oxford xNav 550 015360

By: Oxford Technical Solutions Date:

2/10/2020 Due: 2/10/2022

1 . The steering encoder is checked prior to beginning tests to verify that there are no faults. The steering controller is installed in the vehicle and the steering wheel is turned through two complete revolutions while recording data. The data are then reviewed for any dropouts or other nonlinearities that would indicate dust intrusion or faulty sectors.

Figure 1. Nominal Position of Video Cameras for Fishhook Tests

Section III

TEST PROCEDURES

This section includes a general overview of the test procedures and details of the particular test.

A. Test Procedure Overview

This test was conducted in accordance with NHTSA’s NCAP Rollover Resistance Test Procedure (Fishhook) as described in the Federal Register (68 FR 59250). Detailed descriptions of the test procedure, pass/fail criteria, and data acquisition specifications may be found at docket NHTSA-2001-9663.

There are two major components of the test procedure, the Slowly Increasing Steer (SIS) pre-test and the Fishhook test.

The Slowly Increasing Steer (SIS) maneuver was used to characterize the steady state lateral dynamics of each vehicle, and is based on the "Constant Speed, Variable Steer" test defined in SAE J266. The maneuver is used to determine the handwheel angle that produces a lateral acceleration of 0.3 g at 50 mph. This handwheel angle is then used to determine the magnitude of steering to be used for the NHTSA Fishhook maneuver.

SIS tests were performed at a constant speed of 50 mph. Handwheel angle was input at a rate of 13.5 deg/sec, from 0 to an angle that provided at least 0.55 g. Three tests were conducted in each direction, and the data for the six runs were averaged to obtain the handwheel angle that produced 0.3 g at 50 mph.

The Fishhook test is a programmed steering maneuver that is implemented via the steering controller. The vehicle was initially steered in one direction and then the steering was reversed. The timing, magnitude, and rate of the steering were prescribed by the Fishhook Procedure.

To begin the maneuver, the vehicle was driven in a straight line at a speed slightly greater than the desired entrance speed. The driver then released the throttle. When the vehicle was at the target speed, the steering controller automatically initiated the steering maneuver. Following completion of the steering reversal, the handwheel position was maintained for three seconds and then returned to zero angle in 1 second.

The tests were conducted in both left-right and right-left directions. The “Default” test series used a handwheel angle equal to 6.5 times the handwheel angle that produced

0.3 g at 50 mph in the SIS tests, and initial vehicle speeds beginning at 35 mph and concluding up to 50 mph (if no two-wheel lift occurs). Supplemental tests were also done, as specified in the Fishhook Procedure.

B. Test Conditions

1. TEST SURFACE

The tests were conducted on the Vehicle Dynamics Area at DRI’s Minter Field facility, located near Bakersfield, California, on 2/13/2020. The VDA has a smooth, flat (slope less than 0.5% throughout) asphaltic concrete surface. Its dimensions are as shown in Figure 2. It was built in the spring of 2005.

VDA surface friction measurements were accomplished using the DRI Mobile Tire Tester. Three runs were done, one at each of three previously determined locations.

Each run provided for a minimum of 3 seconds of tire friction at constant normal load, slip angle, and speed in a free rolling condition. The test was accomplished using an ASTM E1136 tire with an inflation pressure of 35 (±0.5) psi at a test speed of 40 (±0.5) mph. The net slip angle of the test tire for each test run was 7.5 deg. The test tire was no older than 6 months from the date of manufacture. The surface friction measurement results are shown in Table 6.

Table 6. Surface Friction

Date of surface friction measurements 2/14/2020

Average normalized lateral force 0.797

2. FISHHOOK HANDWHEEL ANGLES

The 0.3 g handwheel angle obtained from the SIS tests and the handwheel angles used in the Fishhook tests are shown in Table 7.

Table 7. Handwheel Angles

0.3 g handwheel angle (from SIS tests at 50 mph) 26.1º

5.5 scalar handwheel angle for Fishhook Test 144º

6.5 scalar handwheel angle for Fishhook Test 170º

3. WEATHER CONDITIONS

The weather conditions, recorded at the end of testing, are shown in Table 8.

Table 8. Weather Conditions

Ambient temperature 62.6º F (17º C)

Wind Speed 4.6 mph (1.8 m/s)

Wind Direction 240

R 50 ft

R 50 ft

300 ft

500 ft

30 ft

300 ft (91 m)

(152 m)

(91 m)

(396 m)

(9 m)

(15 m)

(15 m)

NOT TO SCALE

N

Figure 2. DRI-Minter Vehicle Dynamics Area

Section IV

RESULTS

The test run log is given in Appendix B. The Slowly Increasing Steer Test Worksheet is given in Appendix C. Appendix D contains time history plots for the 50 mph runs and any runs which resulted in two-wheel lift. There was no two-wheel lift at any test condition for the 2020 Ford Explorer XLT RWD.

A-1

APPENDIX A

Photographs

A-2

A1. Window Sticker ........................................................................................................... A-3

A2. Front View, Test Vehicle as Delivered ....................................................................... A-4

A3. Rear View, Test Vehicle as Delivered ....................................................................... A-5

A4. Front View, Test Vehicle in Test Condition ................................................................. A-6

A5. Rear View, Test Vehicle in Test Condition ................................................................. A-7

A6. Certification Label ....................................................................................................... A-8

A7. Tire Placard ................................................................................................................ A-9

A8. Instrumentation in Test Vehicle ................................................................................ A-10

A9. Steering Controller and Computer ............................................................................ A-11

A10. Ballast Condition ....................................................................................................... A-12

A-3

Figure A1. Window Sticker

A-4

Figure A2. Front View, Test Vehicle as Delivered

A-5

Figure A3. Rear View, Test Vehicle as Delivered

A-6

Figure A4. Front View, Test Vehicle in Test Condition

A-7

Figure A5. Rear View, Test Vehicle in Test Condition

A-8

Figure A6. Certification Label

A-9

Figure A7. Tire Placard

A-10

Figure A8. Instrumentation in Test Vehicle

A-11

Figure A9. Steering Controller and Computer

A-12

Figure A10. Ballast Condition

B-1

APPENDIX B

Test Run Log

B-2

Vehicle: 2020 Ford Explorer XLT RWD Driver: Jonathan Robel Test Date: 2/13/2020

Run Number

Test Type Speed (mph)

Handwheel Angle (deg)

Dir.

of

First Steer

Wheel

Lift Notes

1 Tire Warm-Up 35 50 Right NA

2 " " 60 " "

3 " " " " "

4 " " " " "

5 2x SWA last cycle " " "

6 Static 0 0 NA

7 Steady State 50 0 "

Slowly Increasing

Steer

50 Left NA

9 " " " Left "

10 " " " Left "

11 " " " Left "

12 " " " Right "

13 " " " Right "

14 " " " Right "

15 Fishhook 6.5 Scalar 35 170 Left No

16 " 40 " " "

17 " 45 " " "

18 " 47.5 " " "

B-3

Number

Test Type Speed (mph)

Handwheel Angle (deg)

Dir.

of

First Steer

Wheel

Lift Notes

19 " 50 " " "

20 Fishhook5.5 Scalar 45 144 Left No

21 " 47.5 " " "

22 " 50 " " "

23 Fishhook 6.5 Scalar 35 170 Right No

24 " 40 " " "

25 " 45 " " "

26 " 47.5 " " "

27 " 50 " " "

28 Fishhook 5.5 Scalar 45 144 Right No

29 " 47.5 " " "

30 " 50 " " "

C-1

APPENDIX C

Slowly Increasing Steer Test Worksheet

C-2

NCAP, 2020 Ford Explorer XLT RWD, Multi-Passenger Load, Test Date: 2/13/2020

SIS_out_v2

Dir of

Steer

Start Speed (mph)

End Speed (mph)

Speed Red.

Index of ay

@ 0.3g

HW

Angle

(deg) at 0.3g ay (g) @ 0.3g index

6.5x

HW

Angle (deg)

Ramp Time

(sec) at 6.5x

5.5x

HW

Angle (deg)

Ramp Time

(sec) at 5.5x

R2 Zero

Begin Index

Zero End

Index

9 Left 50.3 0.0 99.9 1186 -25.7 -0.301 -166.8 -0.2317 -141.1 -0.196 0.9969 600 800

10 Left 49.9 0.0 100.0 1193 -26.2 -0.305 -170.0 -0.2361 -143.9 -0.1998 0.9971 600 800

11 Left 50.0 0.1 99.8 1190 -26.0 -0.294 -168.9 -0.2345 -142.9 -0.1984 0.9965 600 800

12 Right 50.6 0.0 100.1 1193 26.1 0.3 169.6 0.2355 143.5 0.1993 0.9985 600 800

13 Right 50.2 -0.1 100.3 1195 26.2 0.305 170.3 0.2365 144.1 0.2002 0.998 600 800

14 Right 49.8 -0.1 100.2 1204 26.8 0.309 174.0 0.2416 147.2 0.2044 0.9967 600 800

Mean: 26.1 0.302 170.0 0.236 144.0 0.2

Steering Controller Input Values

Scalar 6.5 values:

Initial HW angle: 170 deg Initial time: 0.236 s Reversal HW angle: -170 deg Reversal time: 0.472 s

Scalar 5.5 values:

Initial HW angle: 144 deg Initial time: 0.2 s Reversal HW angle: -144 deg Reversal time: 0.399 s

D-1

APPENDIX D

Time History Plots

D-2

D1. Vehicle Speed, Handwheel Angle, and Roll Angle Time History Plots for Default Test Series, L-R, 50 mph .......................................................................... D-3

D2. Steering Machine Operation Time History Plots for Default

Test Series, L-R, 50 mph ............................................................................................ D-4

D3. Yaw Rate, Roll Rate, and Lateral Acceleration Time History Plots for

Default Test Series, L-R, 50 mph ............................................................................... D-5

D4. Pitch Rate and Longitudinal Acceleration Time History Plots for

Default Test Series, L-R, 50 mph ............................................................................... D-6

D5. Vehicle Speed, Handwheel Angle, and Roll Angle Time History Plots for Default Test Series, R-L, 50 mph .......................................................................... D-7

D6. Steering Machine Operation Time History Plots for

Default Test Series, R-L, 50 mph ............................................................................... D-8

D7. Yaw Rate, Roll Rate, and Lateral Acceleration Time History Plots for

Default Test Series, R-L, 50 mph ............................................................................... D-9

D8. Pitch Rate and Longitudinal Acceleration Time History Plots for

Default Test Series, R-L, 50 mph ............................................................................. D-10

D9. Vehicle Speed, Handwheel Angle, and Roll Angle Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, L-R, 50 mph ........................................................... D-11

D10. Steering Machine Operation Time History Plots for

Supplemental 2 Test Series, L-R, 50 mph ................................................................ D-12

D11. Yaw Rate, Roll Rate, and Lateral Acceleration Time History Plots for

Supplemental 2 Test Series, L-R, 50 mph ................................................................ D-13

D12. Pitch Rate and Longitudinal Acceleration Time History Plots for

Supplemental 2 Test Series, L-R, 50 mph ................................................................ D-14

D13. Vehicle Speed, Handwheel Angle, and Roll Angle Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, R-L, 50 mph ........................................................... D-15

D14. Steering Machine Operation Time History Plots for

Supplemental 2 Test Series, R-L, 50 mph ................................................................ D-16

D15. Yaw Rate, Roll Rate, and Lateral Acceleration Time History Plots for

Supplemental 2 Test Series, R-L, 50 mph ................................................................ D-17

D16. Pitch Rate and Longitudinal Acceleration Time History Plots for

Supplemental 2 Test Series, R-L, 50 mph ................................................................ D-18

D-3

Figure D1. Vehicle Speed, Handwheel Angle, and Roll Angle Time History Plots for Default Test Series, L-R, 50 mph

D-4

Figure D2. Steering Machine Operation Time History Plots for Default Test Series, L-R, 50 mph

D-5

Figure D3. Yaw Rate, Roll Rate, and Lateral Acceleration Time History Plots For Default Test Series, L-R, 50 mph

D-6

Figure D4. Pitch Rate and Longitudinal Acceleration Time History Plots for Default Test Series, L-R, 50 mph

D-7

Figure D5. Vehicle Speed, Handwheel Angle, and Roll Angle Time History Plots for Default Test Series, R-L, 50 mph

D-8

Figure D6. Steering Machine Operation Time History Plots for Default Test Series, R-L, 50 mph

D-9

Figure D7. Yaw Rate, Roll Rate, and Lateral Acceleration Time History Plots for Default Test Series, R-L, 50 mph

D-10

Figure D8. Pitch Rate and Longitudinal Acceleration Time History Plots or Default Test Series, R-L, 50 mph

D-11

Figure D9. Vehicle Speed, Handwheel Angle, and Roll Angle Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, L-R, 50 mph

D-12

Figure D10. Steering Machine Operation Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, L-R, 50 mph

D-13

Figure D11. Yaw Rate, Roll Rate, and Lateral Acceleration Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, L-R, 50 mph

D-14

Figure D12. Pitch Rate and Longitudinal Acceleration Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, L-R, 50 mph

D-15

Figure D13. Vehicle Speed, Handwheel Angle, and Roll Angle Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, R-L, 50 mph

D-16

Figure D14. Steering Machine Operation Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, R-L, 50 mph

D-17

Figure D15. Yaw Rate, Roll Rate, and Lateral Acceleration Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, R-L, 50 mph

D-18

Figure D16. Pitch Rate and Longitudinal Acceleration Time History Plots for Supplemental 2 Test Series, R-L, 50 mph