Attachment-G_NOCA_Fabrication_Drawings-Design_Intent.pdf

Diablo Lake Overlook Wayside Exhibits National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center | April 2025

North Cascades National Park Fabrication - Design Intent

Prepared by

Harpers Ferry Center

Project Team

Johanna Lombard Brad Sutton Chuck Dunkerly Denise Shultz Katy Hooper Brendan Oates

Attachment G

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 2

Site Conditions

Diablo Lake Overlook (DLO) This scenic overlook is located within North Cascades National Park Service Complex (comprised of North Cascades National Park, Ross Lake National Recreation Area, and Lake Chelan National Recreation Area) along State Route 20. DLO is a popular destination and stopping point for visitors traveling through the park. While most park visitors stop at DLO, their stop is very short—just 10 to 15 minutes to use the restroom, stretch, take in the view, take a photo, and read wayside exhibits. Some visitors picnic and stay a little longer, but they are not the norm. During winter State Route 20 is closed to the east of DLO.

Site History Existing interpretive wayside exhibits at DLO were developed and installed at various points in history and do not maintain a consistent visual identity or interpretive approach. All existing waysides will be removed prior to the installation of new wayside exhibits. Park staff will complete all exhibit removal and installation work.

Accessibility The National Park Service (NPS) is committed to making all park facilities, programs, and services accessible and usable by all people.

Accordingly, each wayside location has been assessed for physical accessibility as part of the wayside exhibit process, as well as possibilities for multi-modal, multi-sensory exhibit components.

Park staff will evaluate wayside exhibit locations and improve site conditions where needed to ensure accessible approaches to all exhibits. All wayside exhibits planned, designed, and fabricated for the NPS follow:

• Programmatic Accessibility Guidelines for National Park Service

• Interpretive Media, Version 2.4 – October 2019

• NPS and Department of the Interior directives, such as DO #42

• Principles of Universal Design

• Architectural Barriers Act

• Americans with Disabilities Act

• Sections 504 and 508 of the Rehabilitation Act as amended

• 21st Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act

Project BackgroundContents

Project Background 2

Element Schedule 3

Diablo Lake Overlook 4–5

Base Structures 6−7

Tactile Object 8

Graphic Panels 9-13

Scenic view of Colonial and Pyramid Peaks and Thunder Creek from Diablo Lake Overlook.

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 3

Element Schedule

Content Group Structure (Base) Graphic Panels Custom Element

Primary Interpretive Exhibits

72” x 24” custom low profile, in-ground (direct embed) wayside; powder-coat finish in NPS Dark Brown

001A 72” x 24” double-sided aluminum

001B

Custom cut 1/2” aluminum print (approx. 72” x 9”);

custom angle bend (V-bend or similar); custom holes drilled for mounting to exhibit base structure; back and edge painted NPS Dark Brown in matte finish

72” x 24” custom low profile, in-ground (direct embed) wayside; powder-coat finish in NPS Dark Brown

002A 72” x 24” double-sided aluminum

002B

Custom cut 1/2” aluminum print (approx. 72” x 8.5”);

custom angle bend (V-bend or similar); custom holes drilled for mounting to exhibit base structure; back and edge painted NPS Dark Brown in matte finish

72” x 24” custom low profile, in-ground (direct embed) wayside; custom holes drilled for custom element mounting; powder-coat finish in NPS Dark Brown

003A 72” x 24” double-sided aluminum; custom holes drilled for custom element mounting approx. 8.75” x 4” bronze-infused resin tactile object; includes stone tool replica, raised-lettering and braille labels, and mounting plate

003B

Custom cut 1/2” aluminum print (approx. 72” x 8”);

custom angle bend (V-bend or similar); custom holes drilled for mounting to exhibit base structure; back and edge painted NPS Dark Brown in matte finish

Rail Exhibits

18” x 12” custom rail-mount; powder-coat finish in NPS Dark Brown

004 18” x 12” double-sided aluminum

18” x 12” custom rail-mount; powder-coat finish in NPS Dark Brown

005 18” x 12” double-sided aluminum

18” x 12” custom rail-mount; powder-coat finish in NPS Dark Brown

006 18” x 12” double-sided aluminum

18” x 12” custom rail-mount; powder-coat finish in NPS Dark Brown

007 18” x 12” double-sided aluminum

18” x 12” custom rail-mount; powder-coat finish in NPS Dark Brown

008 18” x 12” double-sided aluminum

Orientation Exhibits 009 N/A (Park to construct custom bases) 009

24” x 36” double-sided aluminum; six 1/8” holes drilled for mounting

(duplicate)

24” x 36” double-sided aluminum; six 1/8” holes drilled for mounting

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 4

Diablo Lake Overlook

001A/B001A/B

002A/B002A/B

003A/B003A/B

004004

009009

009009008008

007007

006006

005005

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 5

Diablo Lake Overlook

001A/B001A/B

002A/B002A/B

003A/B003A/B

004004

004004

009009 009009

008008

007007

007007 006006005 005

(on outer railing)(on outer railing)

Panorama of Primary Interpretive & Rail Exhibit Locations

Sample Rail Exhibit Locations Orientation Exhibit Locations (Bases to be produced by Park)

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 6

Exhibit Bases: 001, 002, 003

Base Structure Specifications Exhibit bases shall conform to established wayside exhibit specifications contained in the VIS and Wayside Hardware Specification Manual. Custom design elements for the exhibit base structures are as follows:

Fabrication Design Intent

• All measurements shown are approximate.

• 72” x 24” low profile, in-ground (direct embed) with four legs and cane-detection bar on all sides; powder-coated aluminum (NPS dark brown)

• Base structure must allow for graphic panel removal/replacement.

• Graphic panels 001B, 002B, 003B shall securely attach vertically to top edge of base structure.

• EX 003 base structure to have hole(s) drilled for tactile object attachment (See page 11). Hole(s) must be aligned to allow double-sided panel to be flipped.

• Weep holes to be included, as needed, to allow water drainage.

Note: In-ground leg post sections not shown. Posts to extend 30” to 36” below grade and secured with concrete.

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 7

Exhibit Bases: 004, 005, 006, 007, 008

Fabrication Design Intent

• All measurements shown are approximate.

• 18” x 12”custom rail mount; powder-coated aluminum (NPS dark brown)

• Base structure shall securely attach to vertical rail spindles; spindles

5”apart, on center. Exact method to be determined by Contractor.

• Bottom edge of panel capture frame shall detach to allow for exhibit panel removal/replacement without removing the exhibit base from the railing

• Sides and rear of exhibit base shall be solid for cane-detectibility.

• Weep holes to be included, as needed, to allow water drainage.

Base Structure Specifications Exhibit bases shall conform to established wayside exhibit specifications contained in the VIS and Wayside Hardware Specification Manual. Custom design elements for the exhibit base structures are as follows:

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 8

Custom Element (Tactile Object): EX003

Fabrication Design Intent

STONE TOOL

STONE TOOL

replica object

Custom Element Specifications Custom element shall conform to established wayside exhibit specifications contained in the Programmatic Accessibility Guidelines.

Custom design elements for the exhibit base structures are as follows:

• All measurements shown are approximate.

• High-resolution images of stone tool to be provided post-award.

• Final custom element shall include life-size tactile object, raised-lettering, braille, and mounting plate fabricated as a single unit.

• Tactile custom element to be fabricated in bronze-infused resin.

• Custom element shall mount to graphic panel/base structure in a way that allows double-sided graphic panel removal, replacement, and/or rotation (flipping to back side).

• Stone tool edges should be flush with mounting plate (no overhanging edges)

8.75”

7.55”

4”

1.75”

0.625” stone tool replica raised-lettering brailleEdge View

4” 1.75” 5/8”

3/8”

1.2”

1/32”

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 9 low-profile exhibit base structure graphic panel 001B;

0.5” aluminum

135° angle

45° angle

Side ViewGraphic Panels

Fabrication Design Intent

72 X 24 INCHES | MARCH 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 001A

Retreat of South Cascade Glacier

Stream Stabilizers Glaciers stabilize river and lake temperatures. During summer, they provide an influx of cold meltwater. Salmon depend on this to survive. The chilly Skagit

River supports five native salmon species.

Lessons from the First Stewards Indigenous people live in kinship with the landscape. They balance give and take with its plants and animals. They show us that knowledge rooted deep in the past can help chart a more sustainable future.

The North Cascades’ towering peaks hide more than 300 glaciers from view. As the climate changes, it impacts the most glaciated area in the continental United States.

Hidden Impacts

Losing Ice Glaciers mirror the trends of climate change. Warmer winters mean less snow and less water stored in the snowpack. Warmer summers mean more ice melts.

Glaciers now cover less than half the area they once did.

Silenced Voices The Sqáǰət people can no longer hear their ancestors’ voices in the Skagit River. For millennia, the free-flowing river brought comfort to them. The sound of its turbulent water gave them power. Now that power has been lost. Dams and a bypass route prevent the water’s natural flow, as seen above.

The Skagit River and Thunder Creek carry meltwater from glaciers high above. They flow through steep valleys carved during the Ice Age. These conditions are ideal for creating hydroelectric power to support a growing region. The waters also provide sacred power for the Sqáǰət (Upper Skagit) and other

Indigenous people.

A Place of Power

J

O

SE

F

SC

A Y

LE

A

©© KIMBERLY CAUVEL KIMBERLY CAUVEL

72 X 10 INCHES | MARCH 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 001B

Colonial Peak Pyramid Peak

Graphic Panel Specifications Graphic panels shall conform to established wayside exhibit specifications contained in the Wayside Exhibit Planning, Design, Fabrication, and Installation Specifications. Custom design elements for the graphic panels are as follows:

24”

7.25”

1.75”

72”

57.5”

EX001B

• ~57.5”x 9”

• single-sided, 1/2” aluminum

• custom cut top edge silhouette with rounded edges and corners

• 135° V-bend angle approx 1.75” from bottom edge (see Side View inset)

• mounting holes drilled

• panel back and edges painted NPS

Dark Brown, matte finish

EX001A

• 72”x24”

• double-sided aluminum

135° angle;

see Side View

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 10

Graphic Panels

Fabrication Design Intent low-profile exhibit base structure graphic panel 002B;

0.5” aluminum

135° angle

45° angle

Side View

72 X 24 INCHES | MARCH 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 002A

Who “Owns” This Land?

The answer is, it varies, and it’s complicated. When cultures meet, different lifeways interweave. Sometimes they work in harmony; sometimes they clash. Explore the complex history that reveals itself here.

Time Immemorial Today

Sqáǰət (Upper Skagit) and other Indigenous groups live in kinship with and maintain tenure to the land. Their lifeways and the land remain unchanged until colonization.

Sqáǰət and other Indigenous people continue traditional practices in their ancestral homeland. One million visitors come to hike, fish, and sightsee each year.

1855 Under duress, Sqáǰət and Indigenous groups lose ancestral lands in the Treaty of Point Elliott. Most are forced onto reservations.

They keep rights to fish, hunt, and gather.

1890s Sqáǰət spiritual leader Charlie Moses establishes a seasonal cabin near here. He does not relocate to the reservation.

Davises file homestead claim that takes 11 years to finalize.

Diablo Lake forms after Seattle City Light builds Diablo Dam.

Early 1800s European Americans begin fur trapping in these mountains.

1870s From the heart of the mountains, Indigenous loggers raft timber down river to mills.

Seattle City Light receives license from Department of Agriculture to begin hydropower development.

Ross Lake forms after Seattle City Light builds Ross Dam.

This region, then part of Oregon

Territory, opens to homesteading.

Newcomers push Indigenous people out of their homelands.

First wagon road built to

Marblemount, west of here.

1920s Davises construct first power plant, a hydroelectric water wheel.

Gorge Lake forms after Seattle City Light builds Gorge Dam.

1968 President Lyndon B. Johnson establishes North Cascades National Park Service Complex from national forest lands.

1850s Miners prospect for gold and silver, continuing for 100 years.

Lucinda Davis’s family begins a homestead on the land where Charlie Moses’s cabin stands. They build a thriving business hosting travelers.

1897 Lands ceded in treaty become part of Washington Forest Reserve, a precursor to Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. Treaty rights are diminished for Indigenous people.

Seattle City Light exercises eminent domain and acquires Davis Ranch for hydropower development. The Davis family relocates.

©© KIMBERLY CAUVEL KIMBERLY CAUVEL

FPO

72 X 10 INCHES | MARCH 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 002B

Diablo Lake Overlook North Cascades National Park Service Complex

24”

6.75”

1.75”

72”

72”

EX002B

• 72”x 8.5”

• single-sided, 1/2” aluminum

• custom cut top edge silhouette with rounded edges and corners

• 135° V-bend angle approx 1.75” from bottom edge (see Side View inset)

• mounting holes drilled

• panel back and edges painted NPS Dark Brown, matte finish

EX002A

• 72”x24”

• double-sided aluminum

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 11

Fabrication Design Intent low-profile exhibit base structure graphic panel 003B;

0.5” aluminum

135° angle

45° angle

Side View

FPO

tactile object

72 X 24 INCHES | MARCH 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 003A

Lower slopes rounded by continental ice sheet during last Ice Age.The Earth’s tectonic plates mold the world around us as they move. Humans build relationships with plants, animals, water, and soil on this foundation.

How the Land Shapes Us

Fire and Ice The North Cascades tell a dynamic and ever-changing story over millions of years.

Ocean sediments became mountains. Heat and pressure altered rocks. Volcanoes erupted. Thick ice sheets carved steep, U-shaped valleys. The saga continues today as alpine glaciers sculpt the peaks, drawing visitors to the area.

Travel Corridors Rivers offer low-elevation

“highways” through the steep mountains. The road you travel today follows a similar path people have used for millennia.

Indigenous people walked this route to visit family and trade with neighbors.

Nature’s Tool Shed As the area's first miners, Indigenous people understand the useful qualities of the rocks. Through ingenuity and testing, they create stone projectile points to hunt mountain goats and other animals. They make other tools to skin hides, cut meat, and shape bone into more tools. Feel the life-size replica tool to the right.

Valley of the Spirits In the Sqáǰət (Upper Skagit) origin story, Four Brothers were the first people here in the Myth age. They transformed the Earth and named everything. They taught people how to fish, hunt, gather, and make tools.

The Four Brothers created the Skagit River Gorge below you under Diablo Lake. One brother jumped into the whitewater below and claimed, “I am power.”

He sat down in the river and became a boulder. To this day, these ancestors remain in the gorge. They give the

Sqáǰət people spiritual power to live a good life.

Prior to 1924, the Skagit River flowed freely through this deep valley. Today, the water in Gorge, Diablo, and Ross lakes covers the old river.

You Are Here

72 X 10 INCHES | MARCH 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 003B

Jagged peaks untouched by ice sheets.

24”

6.25”

1.75”

72”

72”

EX003B

• 72”x 8”

• single-sided, 1/2” aluminum

• custom cut top edge silhouette with rounded edges and corners

• 135° V-bend angle approx 1.75” from bottom edge (see Side View inset)

• mounting holes drilled

• panel back and edges painted NPS Dark Brown, matte finish

EX003A

• 72”x24”

• double-sided aluminum

• holes drilled for tactile object attachment

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 12

Fabrication Design Intent

12”

12”

12”

12”

12”

18”

18”

18”

18”

18”

EX004

• 18”x12”

• double-sided aluminum

EX007

• 18”x12”

• double-sided aluminum

EX005

• 18”x12”

• double-sided aluminum

EX008

• 18”x12”

• double-sided aluminum

EX006

• 18”x12”

• double-sided aluminum

18 X 12 INCHES | FEBRUARY 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 004

What brings you wonder?

Majestic peaks float above cascading waterfalls and creeks. Glaciers nurture alpine meadows filled with wildflowers. Adventure beckons around every corner.

18 X 12 INCHES | FEBRUARY 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 007

What color is the water today?

Diablo Lake’s color varies. That’s because glaciers grind rock into fine particles as they move. During summer, this glacial flour flows into the lake.

When it refracts sunlight, Diablo Lake changes to brilliant turquoise.

18 X 12 INCHES | FEBRUARY 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 005

Finding balance between preservation and progress is challenging.

Many visitors are surprised to see dams here. Built before national park designation, they provide power and flood protection. They offer diverse recreational opportunities. They also prevent fish from migrating between the ocean and habitat upstream.

18 X 12 INCHES | FEBRUARY 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 008

“I think the welfare of salmon is interconnected, not only with our Tribe, but every single one of us and our environment around us—down to the soil we walk on, to the trees that we see on the horizon.”

HOUT-SULI-A (Janelle Schuyler), Sqáǰət (Upper Skagit Indian Tribe)

18 X 12 INCHES | FEBRUARY 2025 | NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK | Wayside Exhibit 006

A symbol of survival, the sx̌ʷiƛ̕əyʔ shows us how closely intertwined humans are with nature.

Traditional hunting grounds for the

Sqáǰət (Upper Skagit) people surround you. The sx ̫̌ iƛə̕yʔ (mountain goat) gives food, wool for clothing and blankets, and horns for tools.

NOCA - Diablo Overlook Wayside Exhibits | FABRICATION - DESIGN INTENT | April 29, 2025 National Park Service | Harpers Ferry Center for Media Design | 13

Fabrication Design Intent

36”

24”

EX009 (plus duplicate)

• 24”x36”

• double-sided aluminum

• Six mounting holes drilled

Explore Your Park

Keep Pets Leashed

Pack It In;

Pack It Out

Drones Prohibited

Don’t Feed Wildlife

Scale varies in this 3D perspective view.

Camping

Restrooms

Picnic area

Trailhead

Diablo Lake Overlook

McMillan Spire 7992ft 2436m

P I C K E T R A N G E

Mount Terror 8151ft 2484m

Terror Glacier

Davis Peak 7051ft 2149m

Thorton Lakes Trail

Happy Creek Forest Walk

Thorton Lakes Road

Gorge Dam

Diablo Dam

Ross Dam

North Cascades National Park Vistor Center

Colonial Glacier

Desolation Peak 6102ft 1860m

Colonial Creek

Jack Mountain 9075ft 2766m

Crater Mountain 8128ft 2477m

Sourdough Mountain

6120ft 1865m

Colonial Peak 7771ft 2369m

Pyramid Peak 7182ft 2189m

Ruby Mountain 7408ft 2258m

Fourth of July Pass 3507ft 1069mNeve

Glacier

NORTH

CASCADES

NATIONAL

PARK

CANADA

UNITED STATES

ROSS LAKE

NATIONAL

RECREATION

AREA

LAKE CHELAN NATIONAL

RECREATION AREA

NORTH

CASCADES

NATIONAL

PARK

Ross Lake

Diablo Lake

Gorge Lake

Fourth of July Trail

Thunder Creek Trail

Pa nt he r C re ek

T ra il

Skagit R iver

You Are Here

You Are Here

Newhalem Creek

Upper Goodell CreekLower

Goodell Creek

Goodell Creek

Snowfield Peak 7771ft 2369m

North

24 X 36 INCHES | APrIL 2025 | NOrTH CASCADES NATIONAL PArK | Wayside Exhibit 009

North Cascades National Park Service Complex National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

Happy Creek Forest Walk Take a slow stroll along a cascading creek.

0.3 mi/0.5 km roundtrip

Thunder Creek Trail Explore an easy trail through old growth forest.

4.0 mi/6.4 km roundtrip from campground to bridge; distance and elevation varies beyond

Ross Dam Trail Descend this moderate trail to walk across historic Ross Dam.

1.5 mi/2.4 km roundtrip

The Upper Skagit Indian Tribe welcomes you to this place of ceremonial significance in our history and origin. Hidden beneath the calm water of Diablo Lake lies Skagit River Gorge, a source of spiritual power.

Traditionally, our elders guided newcomers here with traveling and story songs. The Tribe’s identity is based in our continued connections to our homeland on which you stand. Please visit with respect.

—Scott Schuyler, Sqáǰət (Upper Skagit Indian Tribe)

River Loop Trail Walk through the forest to a peaceful gravel bar with sweeping river views.

1.8 mi/2.9 km roundtrip from visitor center

1/8” mounting holes

1/8” mounting holes