STANDARD

SPECIFICATIONS

FOR

HIGHWAY

CONSTRUCTION

601.1 601.1.2

DIVISION 600

MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL OF TRAFFIC

SECTION 601

WORK ZONE TRAFFIC CONTROL

601.1

601.1 Description

601.1.1

601.1.1 General

601.1 This section contains specifications for the materials, equipment, construc-tion, measurement, and payment for work zone traffic control conducted within the highway right-of-way in conformity with the Plans, the Specifica-tions, or as directed by the RCE.

601.1 The sections in Division 600 specify provision, fabrication, installation, performance, maintenance, relocation, and removal requirements of all traffic control devices, methods, and procedures as required by the Plans, the SCDOT Standard Drawings, the Special Provisions, the Supplemental Speci-fications, the manufacturer’s requirements and specifications, the latest edi-tion of the FHWA Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices adopted by the Department, hereinafter referred to as MUTCD, and the RCE.

601.1 The MUTCD, in effect when the Contract Proposal was advertised, pro-vides the minimum requirements for installation, operation, and maintenance of all traffic control devices.

601.1 For all sections in Division 600, the term "the Specifications" includes these Standard Specifications, the Special Provisions, the Supplemental Specifications, the Supplemental Technical Specifications, SCDOT Qualified Product Lists, SCDOT Qualified Product Policies, all SCDOT Construction and Traffic Control Policies, and all documents of any description including notes on the Plans and the SCDOT Standard Drawings that provide direc-tions, provisions, and requirements pertaining to the method and manner of performing the work, the quality and quantity of materials furnished, and the measurement and payment of work required to satisfactorily complete the project. All of these documents are the current edition in use by the Depart-ment.

601.1.2

601.1.2 Traffic Control Plan

601.1.2 Provide a Traffic Control Plan for the maintenance and control of traffic during work within the highway right-of-way. This includes work by the Con-tractor, subcontractor, sub-subcontractor, supplier, or anyone working within the highway right-of-way. Include in the Traffic Control Plan procedures and guidelines for providing for the safe passage of traffic through and/or around the project area with the intent of minimizing inconvenience to the traveling public. Ensure that the Traffic Control Plan is in conformity with the require-ments of these specifications, the Plans, the SCDOT Standard Drawings, the

601.1.2 601.1.3

Special Provisions, the Supplemental Specifications, the manufacturer’s re-quirements and specifications, the MUTCD, and the RCE.

601.1.2 Traffic control includes provision, installation, maintenance, repair, re-placement, relocation, and removal of all traffic control devices used for regu-lating, warning, or directing traffic. All items remain the property of the Con-tractor unless otherwise indicated in the Specifications or on the Plans.

601.1.1.2 Obtain approval for any Traffic Control Plan revisions due to modifications of the Plans, the plan quantities, the Specifications, and the project staging as presented in the Traffic Control Plan. Final approval of such revisions will be pending upon review by the DCE. Provide the RCE with a written request for each revision to the Traffic Control Plan not less than two weeks before im-plementation of the proposed revision.

601.1.1.2 Do not use off-road construction equipment or vehicles on portions of roadways open to the public. Include details for the use of all construction equipment or vehicles on portions of the roadway that are open to the travel-ing public in accordance with the Traffic Control Plan.

601.1.1.2 When the Specifications or the Plans do not cover a necessary traffic con-trol condition, obtain approval from the RCE for a plan of traffic control before beginning the work that requires traffic control.

601.1.1.2 The RCE is responsible for requesting the assistance of the South Carolina

Highway Patrol or local law enforcement when necessary unless the Contract includes a specific bid item for providing law enforcement assistance.

601.1.3

601.1.3 Restrictions

601.1.3 The Department reserves the right to restrict the installation of lane clo-sures on Interstate highways and high volume primary routes when the pres-ence of a lane closure would hinder normal traffic flow during holidays, ex-tended holiday periods, weekends, special events, or any time traffic is un-usually heavy. The Department's right to restrict construction operations in-cludes, but is not limited to, lane closures, road closures, shoulder closures, pacing operations, or any operation that would affect the efficient flow of traffic as determined by the RCE. Do not close travel lanes of high volume high-ways during peak traffic periods or at any time the traffic volume exceeds the numerical values determined to be acceptable by the RCE. Do not close lanes or streets with high volume commuter traffic in cities and urban areas during peak traffic periods unless otherwise specified and approved by the

RCE.

601.1.3 As stated above, the Department reserves the right to restrict construction operations when the continuance of the work would hinder normal traffic flow during extended holiday periods. An extended holiday period is hereby de-fined as those days preceding and following a holiday that experience signifi-cant increases in the volume of traffic due to the holiday as determined by the Department. The Department reserves the right to increase an extended holiday period if excessive traffic volumes occur during the days before and after the established extended holiday period. Extended holiday periods in-

601.1.3 601.1.4 clude, but are not limited to, the week of Thanksgiving, the weeks before and after Christmas, and the weeks before and after the 4th of July. Submit inquir-ies to the RCE regarding specific days of an extended holiday period not less than two weeks before entering into an extended holiday period. Make inquir-ies annually due to the progressive nature of the calendar.

601.1.3 The Department prohibits lane closures on multilane primary routes and

Interstate highways during holidays, holiday weekends, or special events unless otherwise directed by the Department. A holiday occurring on a week-day may require an extension of the holiday restrictions due to the proximity of the weekend as determined by the RCE. The Department defines most holiday weekends as from 12:00 noon of the Friday before the weekend or of the day before the holiday until 6:00 a.m. of the Monday after the weekend or the day after the holiday. The Thanksgiving holidays are defined as from 12:00 noon of the Wednesday before Thanksgiving Day until 6:00 a.m. of the Monday after Thanksgiving Day. The Christmas holidays are defined as from 6:00 a.m. of December 23rd through 6:00 a.m. of January 3rd. The RCE may extend Christmas holiday restrictions due to the proximity of the weekend.

Easter holidays are defined as from 12:00 noon of the Thursday before Easter until 6:00 a.m. of the Tuesday after Easter. Special events are events gener-ating excessive traffic as determined by the RCE.

601.1.3 Observe all time restrictions regarding lane closures, road closures, shoul-der closures, or pacing operations. The RCE may extend these time restric-tions as traffic conditions warrant. The Department reserves the right to sus-pend a lane closure or road closure if the RCE determines the resulting traffic backup is excessive. Observe and maintain all job specific time restrictions as specified by the Plans, the Specifications, and the RCE. Install and re-move lane closures, including all relative traffic control devices and signs, within all time restrictions. Coordinate work activities requiring lane closures, road closures, shoulder closures, or pacing operations in accordance with all restrictions.

601.1.4

601.1.4 Contractor’s Responsibility

601.1.4 These specifications set forth specific procedures and requirements and do not relieve the Contractor of any responsibilities incurred by the Plans, the SCDOT Standard Drawings, the Specifications, the manufacturer’s specifica-tions, the MUTCD, and the RCE.

601.1.4 The Contractor is responsible for maintaining the Traffic Control Plan as required by the Plans, the Specifications, the MUTCD, and the RCE. Ob-serve all requirements of the Traffic Control Plan, and ensure that all subcon-tractors working on the project site observe all requirements of the Traffic Control Plan. Before beginning any work, submit a plan for constructing the project and maintaining traffic to the RCE and obtain the RCE’s written ap-proval for the submitted plan before beginning the work.

601.1.4 Schedule and arrange all work, equipment, and materials to ensure the least inconvenience and the utmost in safety to the traveling public and to the Contractor's and the Department's forces. In observance of all safety regula-

601.1.4 601.2.1 tions set forth by the Specifications, each Contractor, subcontractor, sub-subcontractor, or anyone working on contiguous and overlapping projects must coordinate work activities as determined by the RCE.

601.1.4 Maintain the travel patterns directed by the Traffic Control Plan and execute the construction schedules expeditiously. Provide the RCE with not less than a two-week prior written notification of any impending changes in the traffic patterns, including, but not limited to, lane closures, road closures, shoulder closures, and flagging operations and obtain RCE approval for each event that modifies the travel patterns, such as lane closures, road closures, shoul-der closures, and flagging operations.

601.1.4 Provide individuals properly trained in traffic control practices in accordance with Department requirements. Ensure that these individuals provide quality assurance of the installation and maintenance of the Traffic Control Plan.

Have a person in charge of the traffic control on the job site at all times when construction activities are in progress. Also, have a person available 24 hours a day in case of an emergency or failure of traffic control devices.

601.1.4 The Traffic Control Plan may require installation and maintenance of detour signs outside the immediate project limits. In such cases, the Contractor is responsible for installing and maintaining these detour signs as required by the Plans, the Specifications, and the RCE.

601.1.4 The Contractor is responsible for maintenance of the traffic from time the

Contractor installs the permanent or initial temporary construction signs until the project reaches substantial completion of work. Conduct weekly daytime inspections of the project traffic control devices and configuration to determine the adequacy, effectiveness, and maintenance requirements of the Traffic Control Plan. Conduct a monthly nighttime inspection and an inspection whenever the traffic pattern is changed. Due to conditions uncharacteristic to a roadway without construction, prudent revisions may be necessary to pro-vide for the protection of the traveling public and the safety of all personnel working on the project site.

601.1.4 The Contractor is responsible for installation, maintenance, and perform-ance of all traffic control devices. Install, maintain, and ensure the perform-ance of these traffic control devices as required by the Plans, the Specifica-tions, and the device manufacturer’s specifications.

601.2

601.2 Materials

601.2.1

601.2.1 Storage of Materials and Equipment

601.2.1 The Contractor and subcontractor are prohibited from storing material and equipment adjacent to a roadway in an unsafe manner. When the right-of-way and space is available, store material and equipment at the greatest pos-sible distance from the near edge of the adjacent travel lane.

601.2.1 On urban roadways with limited right-of-way and on rural roadways, store material and equipment not closer than 15 feet from the near edge of the adjacent travel lane when space is available. Whenever space is limited and

601.2.1 601.4.1 the 15-foot clear distance is not available, store material and equipment at the greatest possible distance from the near edge of the adjacent travel lane and supplement the complete length of the storage area with portable plastic drums spaced at 5-foot intervals.

601.2.1 On Interstate highways, do not store material and equipment closer than 30 feet from the near edge of the adjacent travel lane.

601.2.1 Utilize areas protected by guardrail or temporary concrete barrier when available. See Subsection 605.4.3.2 and 605.4.3.3 for restrictions on storing materials and equipment behind temporary barriers.

601.2.1 These requirements for storage of material and equipment also apply to parking of employee’s personal vehicles and storage of portable sign supports and other traffic control devices when not in use.

601.3

601.3 Equipment

601.3 Ensure that the equipment necessary for the proper construction of the work is on site, in acceptable working condition, and approved by the RCE as to both type and condition before the start of work under this section. Provide sufficient equipment to enable prosecution of the work in accordance with the project schedule and completion of the work in the specified time.

601.4

601.4 Construction

601.4.1

601.4.1 General

601.4.1 Provide advance warning arrow panels during the closure of a travel lane of a multilane roadway. The taper section of a lane closure requires not less than two arrow panels. If the Plans do not provide locations for the arrow panels during a lane closure, place one arrow panel at the beginning of the taper and another arrow panel at the end of the taper. These locations are for normal traffic conditions.

601.4.1 Ensure adequate sight distance when selecting the location of the taper for a lane closure. These locations may require adjustments due to horizontal and vertical alignments or due to some other type of physical obstruction that may prevent attaining adequate sight distance.

601.4.1 Install a changeable message sign as specified herein when required in a lane closure setup. Utilize changeable message signs in all lane closures installed on high-volume, high-speed multilane roadways. Using changeable message signs in lane closures installed on low-volume, low-speed multilane roadways are optional unless otherwise indicated on the Plans or directed by the RCE. Install and use a changeable message sign within a lane closure setup in conformity with the SCDOT Standard Drawings. Make certain that the pre-programmed messages are in accordance with the SCDOT Standard Drawings when used as part of the traffic control setup for lane closures. Use only messages pertinent to the requirements of the traffic control situation and the traffic conditions for display on a changeable message sign. At no time should the messages displayed on a changeable message sign duplicate the

601.4.1 601.4.1 legends on the permanent construction signs.

601.4.1 When a recurring lane closure is not imposed for a period exceeding 24 hours, remove the changeable message sign from the roadway and place it in a predetermined area on the project site approved by the RCE where the sign is not visible to passing motorists.

601.4.1 On roadways with posted speed limits of 45 mph or less, where any work in the shoulder requires personnel, tools, equipment, materials, vehicles, etc., to encroach within 1 foot of the near edge of the adjacent travel lane, conduct the work under a lane closure setup instead of a shoulder closure.

601.4.1 On roadways with posted speed limits of 50 mph or greater, where any work in the shoulder requires personnel, tools, equipment, materials, vehicles, etc., to encroach within 1 foot of an adjacent travel lane on primary routes or within 10 feet on Interstate highways, conduct the work under a lane closure setup instead of a shoulder closure.

601.4.1 Properly delineate all travel lanes through construction zones to provide motorists with a clear and positive travel path. Reflectorize all traffic control devices in place on a project site during the hours of darkness. Portable plas-tic drums are the preferred traffic control devices for use at night; however, the Contractor may use reflectorized cones at night during emergencies. The Contractor may substitute oversized cones for plastic drums during nighttime lane closures; however, the oversized cones are prohibited for use in shoul-der closures during the hours of darkness. Plastic drums are the only traffic control devices permitted for use during nighttime shoulder closures.

601.4.1 During, but not limited to, widening projects, whenever two-lane, two-way traffic is separated by a relocation of one direction of the traffic and results in a vacant travel lane adjacent to a travel lane open to traffic, install portable plastic drums within the vacated travel lane immediately upon the traffic relo-cation. Allowing multiple lanes of traffic to travel in the same direction on adjacent travel lanes separated by yellow centerline pavement markings is strictly prohibited. Install portable plastic drums in the same manner as re-quired for a lane closure as indicated by the SCDOT Standard Drawings and directed by the RCE.

601.4.1 When working adjacent to or over travel lanes, ensure that dust, debris, tools, and equipment from the operation does not endanger motorists. When working over traffic, provide suitable safety platforms to catch falling materi-als, equipment, or objects. Arrange these safety platforms so that they do not encroach on the vertical clearance necessary in the areas as determined by the Department.

601.4.1 When not in use, remove portable sign supports and all other traffic control devices from within 15 feet of a travel lane of a primary route and from within 30 feet of a travel lane of an Interstate highway. Ensure that all portable sign supports lie flat with the legs in the retracted position when not in use.

601.4.1 Conduct inspections of the project specified in paragraph 7 of Subsection

601.1.4 to determine the adequacy, effectiveness, and maintenance require-

601.4.2 601.4.3 ments of the traffic control devices. Repair or remove damaged traffic control devices from the job site. Immediately replace those traffic control devices removed from the job for repairs or due to failure with duplicated devices in proper operational condition. Maintain the required level of reflectivity and color by keeping all signs, barricades, drums, and cones clean and replacing damaged signs and traffic control devices. Take not more than 3 days to correct deficiencies and replace or repair traffic control devices that do not meet the Plans, SCDOT Standard Drawings, the Specifications, manufac-turer’s specifications, and the MUTCD unless otherwise directed.

601.4.2

601.4.2 Construction Vehicles

601.4.2 On roadways open to public travel, ensure that the Contractor’s trucks and other construction related vehicles travel in the direction of normal roadway traffic. However, when these vehicles are operating within a closed travel lane, they may travel in either direction as necessary.

601.4.2 When working within the rights-of-way of access-controlled roadways such as Interstate highways, the Contractor’s vehicles may only change direction of travel at interchanges. These vehicles are prohibited from crossing the entire roadway from right side to the median or vice versa. Use a flagger to control the Contractor’s vehicles when these vehicles attempt to enter the roadway from a closed lane or the median area. Ensure that the flagger does not stop traffic, cause traffic to change lanes, or affect traffic in any manner. The Con-tractor’s vehicles may not disrupt the normal flow of traffic or enter the travel lane of the roadway until a sufficient gap is present.

601.4.3

601.4.3 Daytime and Nighttime Work

601.4.3 The Department defines the conditions of daytime and nighttime in accor-dance with the level of natural light provided by the sun measured by a light meter. The terms "Daytime," "Hours of Daylight," or any similar term refers to a level of illumination greater than or equal to 54 Lx or 5 fc. The terms "Night-time," "Hours of Darkness," or any similar term refers to a level of illumination less than 54 Lx or 5 fc.

601.4.3 In areas where work is being performed during the hours of darkness, fur-nish, place, and maintain lighting facilities capable of providing light of suffi-cient intensity to facilitate good workmanship and proper inspection at all times. Arrange the lighting so that it does not produce glare or diminish the motorist’s visibility.

601.4.3 Illuminate the work area by any combination of portable lights, standard electric lights, existing streetlights, etc., that provides the necessary illumina-tion indicated in the following table.

601.4.3 601.4.5

601.4.3

Area of Illumination Work Activity Minimum Illumination Level Lx (fc)

General Cleaning, Sweeping, Tacking, Painting, etc.

54 (5)

Tasks Around Equipment (50 foot Ahead/Behind)

Milling, Paving, Rolling, etc.

108 (10) 601.4.4

601.4.4 Drop-offs and Changes in Elevation Adjacent to Travelway

601.4.4 Do not allow grade elevation differences and drop-offs greater than 1 inch adjacent to or between adjacent travel lanes open to traffic during surface planing and milling operations. If the grade difference exceeds 1 inch, either mill or surface plane the adjacent travel lanes or pave the milled travel lanes as necessary to eliminate the grade elevation differences before opening the travel lanes to traffic.

601.4.4 Do not allow drop-offs greater than 2 inches next to traffic or within 6 feet or less of the near edge of an adjacent travel lane; however, if the Contractor is actively working in the immediate vicinity, a drop-off of more than 2 inches is permitted. Eliminate these drop-offs at the end of each day’s work and at the completion of the construction activities.

601.4.4 During the rough grading operations, provide for the safe movement of traffic by excavating the earth next to the travel lane open to traffic to a 6:1 slope until the fine grading begins. During the fine grading operations, pro-vide for the safe movement of traffic by placing a material approved by the RCE next to the travel lane open to traffic at a 6:1 slope. Prepare the 6:1 slope at the end of each workday as necessary.

601.4.4 Do not allow drop-offs greater than 2 inches between adjacent travel lanes open to traffic during paving operations. Acceptable drop-offs on multi-lane facilities are limited to not more than one drop-off between adjacent travel lanes carrying traffic in the same direction. Begin the necessary work to eliminate acceptable drop-offs between adjacent travel lanes open to traffic within 3 working days of creating the drop-offs unless otherwise directed by the Plans or the RCE. Observe all restrictions regarding grade elevation dif-ferences and lane closures by maintaining an approved construction sched-ule. Obtain the RCE’s approval of the schedule for all milling, paving, or any similar operations before beginning the work.

601.4.5

601.4.5 Excavations Adjacent to Travelway

601.4.5 On roadways with posted speed limits of 45 mph or less, do not sustain an open excavation within 15 feet of an adjacent travel lane during anytime the Contractor is not actively engaged in construction activities directly related to the excavation or present at the site of the excavation. Either close the adja-cent travel lane or install and maintain temporary concrete barrier wall to pro-tect these open excavations whenever not actively engaged in work activities directly related to the excavation or not present at the site of the excavation.

601.4.5 601.6

601.4.5 On roadways with posted speed limits of 45 mph or less, close both adja-cent shoulders during excavation work in a grassed median area if the work is within 15 feet of both adjacent travel lanes.

601.4.5 On roadways with posted speed limits of 50 mph or greater, do not sustain an open excavation within 30 feet of an adjacent travel lane during anytime the Contractor is not actively engaged in construction activities directly related to the excavation or present at the site of the excavation. Either close the adjacent travel lane or install and maintain temporary concrete barrier wall to protect the open excavation whenever not actively engaged in work activities directly related to the excavation or not present at the site of the excavation.

601.4.5 On roadways with posted speed limits of 50 mph or greater, close both adjacent shoulders during excavation work in a grassed median area if the work is within 30 feet of both adjacent travel lanes.

601.4.5 Comply with all requirements for shoulder closures and lane closures as necessary when construction activities for catch basins or similar features are in progress.

601.4.5 During the construction of catch basins and other structures, the RCE will be the judge of which excavations or exposed structures within the construc-tion limits are susceptible to contact with errant vehicles. Provide protective covers for excavations (i.e. catch basins) located within 6 feet or less of a travelway with metal plates capable of sustaining vehicular traffic unless oth-erwise directed by the RCE. Delineate, with two or more 3-foot Type II barri-cades or four or more portable plastic drums, excavations and structures (i.e.

completed catch basins or any structure that can be an obstruction to a vehi-cle) located within 30 feet of a travel way as directed by the RCE. Utilize either the Type II barricades or the portable plastic drums for delineation pur-poses; however, do not mix Type II barricades and portable plastic drums for delineation purposes. Disregard the requirement for metal plates and de-lineation if guardrail or temporary concrete barrier protects the excavation or structure.

601.5

601.5 Measurement

601.5 The quantity for the pay item Traffic Control is paid for on a lump sum ba-sis; and therefore, no specific measurements are made for this item.

601.5 Traffic control needed during repair or replacement of damaged or malfunc-tioning traffic control devices is considered incidental work for the item Traffic Control.

601.5 Traffic control needed during application of temporary or permanent pave-ment markings is considered incidental work for the item Traffic Control.

601.6

601.6 Payment

601.6 Work under this section is paid for in the lump sum pay item Traffic Control as specified in Subsection 107.12 and includes traffic control devices and work necessary for the proper protection of the traveling public and the con-

601.6 601.6 struction work zone, except where the Contract includes other pay items for specific traffic control devices.

601.6 Payment for Traffic Control is made as indicated in the following schedule.

601.6

Percent of Contract Completion Percent of Traffic Control Paid

1 - 5 20

6 - 15 40

16 - 29 60

30 - 49 70

50 - 69 80

70 - 89 90

90 - 100 100

601.6 Payment is made in accordance with the above schedule as long as the adequacy of the traffic control measures are satisfactory within the guidelines set forth by the Plans, the SCDOT Standard Drawings, the Specifications, and the MUTCD as determined by the RCE. The RCE may assess appropriate reductions in payment when the Contractor does not use or maintain traffic control devices as required by the Plans, the SCDOT Standard Drawings, the Specifications, and the MUTCD.

601.6 The RCE will notify the Contractor when the traffic control is not being pro-vided as specified. If the Contractor fails to provide the appropriate traffic control, the RCE will immediately suspend all work activities until the Contrac-tor corrects the conditions. The RCE has the authority to withhold partial payment for work on the Contract if the traffic control is not provided as re-quired.

601.6 When the Contract requires payment for Traffic Control on more than one project, each project is considered separately.

601.6 Payment for Traffic Control is full compensation for providing the proper traffic control during all stages of construction and includes furnishing, prepar-ing, fabricating, installing, maintaining, removing, relocating, repairing, or re-placing traffic control devices and signs as necessary, and all other materials, labor, hardware, equipment, tools, supplies, incidentals, and miscellaneous items necessary to fulfill the requirements of the pay item in accordance with the Plans, the Specifications, and other terms of the Contract.

601.6 Payment for Traffic Control does not include payment for permanent con-struction signs, temporary concrete barrier, portable terminal impact attenu-ators, changeable message signs, temporary pavement markings or pave-ment markers, or any other item with a contract unit bid price.

601.6 Payment includes all direct and indirect costs and expenses required to complete the work.

719.1 719.2.5

SECTION 719

CATCH BASINS, DROP INLETS, MANHOLES,

JUNCTION BOXES, AND SPRING BOXES

719.1

719.1 Description

719.1 This section contains specifications for the materials, equipment, construc-tion, measurement, and payment for the construction or adjustment to grade of catch basins, drop inlets, manholes, junction boxes, and spring boxes at the location shown on the Plans or as directed by the RCE, in accordance with these specifications, and in conformity with the lines and grades shown on the Plans or established by the RCE.

719.2

719.2 Materials

719.2.1

719.2.1 Cast-In-Place Concrete

719.2.1 Unless otherwise specified on the Plans or in the Special Provisions, pro-vide Class 4000 for cast-in-place concrete conforming to the requirements of applicable subsections of Section 701

719.2.2

719.2.2 Clay or Shale Brick

719.2.2 Provide clay or shale brick conforming to the requirements of Subsection 718.2.1.

719.2.3

719.2.3 Concrete Brick

719.2.3 Provide concrete brick and similar solid units conforming to the require-ments of Subsection 718.2.2.

719.2.4

719.2.4 Mortar Materials

719.2.4 Provide mortar materials conforming to the requirements of Subsection 718.2.5.

719.2.5

719.2.5 Castings

719.2.5 Provide iron castings for frames, grates, covers, etc., conforming to the re-quirements of AASHTO M 105, Class 35B, and the alternate load test con-forming to the requirements of AASHTO M 306.

719.2.5 Produce castings in closed molds and boldly filleted at angles. Ensure that the arises are sharp and perfect and make certain that they are true to pattern in form and dimensions, free from pouring defects, sponginess, cracks, blow holes, and other defects affecting their strength and value for the service in-tended. Ensure that the castings are clean and neatly finished. Make certain gratings and covers fit firmly into their respective frames.

719.2.5 Steel grates and frame may be used instead of cast iron as long as the loading and hydraulic requirements are met and they conform to the following:

A. Hot dip zinc coat steel grates and frame in accordance with AASHTO

M 111.

719.2.5 719.2.9.1

B. Dimension steel grates and frame to be interchangeable with each piece of the cast iron grate and frame shown on the Plans.

C. Provide steel grates and frames of sufficient strength to meet or ex-ceed the loading requirements of Federal Specification RR-F-621 (latest edition).

719.2.5 Ensure that the manufacturer has a testing program to verify that the cast-ings comply with the strength requirements of AASHTO M 105. Make certain test bars are Type B and are made and tested in accordance with the re-quirements of AASHTO M 105.

719.2.6

719.2.6 Reinforcing Steel

719.2.6 Furnish reinforcing steel conforming to the requirements of ASTM A 706, Grade 60, and meeting the applicable requirements of Section 703.

719.2.7

719.2.7 Structural Steel

719.2.7 Provide structural steel conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M 270, Grade 36.

719.2.8

719.2.8 Steel Tubular Sections

719.2.8 Provide steel tubular sections conforming to the requirements of ASTM A 53, Schedule 80.

719.2.9

719.2.9 Precast Reinforced Concrete Drainage Structures

719.2.9.1

719.2.9.1 General

719.2.9.1 Subject to the approval of the RCE, precast reinforced concrete drainage structures may be substituted for constructed-in-place structures shown on the Plans. If precast structures are specified on the project, or if permission is given to substitute precast alternates, ensure that they conform to the details shown on the Plans and the applicable provisions of this specification. De-sign precast concrete drainage structures for HS-25 loading. Use Class 4000P Portland cement concrete conforming to the applicable requirements of Section 701. Use reinforcing steel that conforms to ASTM A 706, Grade 60, and is from a source listed on the most recent edition of SCDOT Qualified Product List 60. Use wire mesh that conforms to the requirements of AASHTO M 55 and AASHTO M 221.

719.2.9.1 Supply components of precast concrete drainage structures from a single source precast manufacturer. Have the manufacturer inform the OMR of the planned concrete placement and curing schedule in advance of the start of any fabrication work to afford time for the testing of materials, the inspection of equipment, and the review of the procedures for casting the units. Allow the OMR inspector free access to the fabrication plant at all times for the pur-pose of inspecting materials, plant facilities, and fabrication and curing proce-dures.

719.2.9.2 719.4.3

719.2.9.2

719.2.9.2 Precast Drainage Base

719.2.9.2 Have drainage bases manufactured to the sizes shown on the Plans and in accordance with the applicable requirements of AASHTO M 199. Ensure that drainage bases are manufactured with all required openings to accept all pre-scribed inlet and outlet pipes.

719.2.9.3

719.2.9.3 Precast Concrete Transition Section

719.2.9.3 A precast concrete transition section may be used to transition from a lar-ger diameter riser to a smaller diameter riser. Use transition sections that are either a cone shape or a flat slab as specified on the Plans. Ensure that they are manufactured in accordance with the requirements of AASHTO M 199.

719.2.9.4

719.2.9.4 Precast Concrete Risers

719.2.9.4 Have risers manufactured to the diameters and lengths shown on the Plans and in accordance with the requirements of AASHTO M 199. Place risers plum and backfill in a manner that preserves their alignment.

719.2.9.5

719.2.9.5 Flat Slab Adapter

719.2.9.5 Use flat slab adapters to change round precast concrete risers to rectangu-lar openings to facilitate construction of the prescribed catch basins or drop inlets to grade. Use the flat slab adapters as foundations for the necessary courses of brick. Flat slab adapters are not required for manholes. Use a flat slab top with an eccentric 24-inch diameter hole on top of the manhole riser when the casting is placed directly thereon, and as shown on the Plans. Do not allow the distance from the top of the adapter to the top of the cover or casting to be more than 6 feet.

719.3

719.3 Equipment

719.3 Ensure that the equipment necessary for the proper construction of the work is on site, in acceptable working condition, and approved by the RCE as to both type and condition before the start of work under this section. Provide sufficient equipment to enable prosecution of the work in accordance with the project schedule and completion of the work in the specified time.

719.4

719.4 Construction

719.4.1

719.4.1 Excavation

719.4.1 Excavate to the required depth and compact the material on which the ma-sonry is constructed to a firm even surface.

719.4.2

719.4.2 Brick Masonry

719.4.2 Construct brick masonry in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 718.

719.4.3

719.4.3 Reinforced Concrete

719.4.3 Construct reinforced concrete in accordance with applicable requirements of Sections 701, 702, and 703. Provide and place reinforcing steel, if re-

719.4.4 719.4.7 quired, in position as shown on the Plans and hold securely in place.

719.4.4

719.4.4 Placing Pipe

719.4.4 Incorporate inlet and outlet pipes into the structure at the elevation, direc-tion, and grade required. Neatly and substantially hold these pipe connec-tions in the masonry. Place the ends of the pipe flush with the inner faces of the walls unless the RCE directs otherwise. Place grout up to the lowest flow elevation in the structure to maintain continuous flow. For grout, use Type M mortar material in accordance with applicable requirements of Section 718.

719.4.5

719.4.5 Placing Castings

719.4.5 Set the castings in a full mortar bed composed of 1 part Portland cement to 2 parts of fine aggregate, meeting the requirements of Subsection 718.2.5 and 718.4.1.

719.4.6

719.4.6 Precast Concrete Drainage Structures

719.4.6 Fabricate and install precast concrete drainage structures in accordance with these specifications and applicable AASHTO specifications. Have the manufacturer of precast components provide recommendations for all field connections of precast sections and piping.

719.4.6 Provide the proper bedding for precast concrete drainage structures to en-sure proper installation and elimination of point bearing. Provide bedding of sand, gravel, or crushed stone. Include cost of bedding in the cost of the re-spective drainage items.

719.4.6 Seal joints with a butyl rubber joint sealant meeting the requirements of

Section 714 and AASHTO M 198, Type B. Apply the sealant in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Supply a copy of the recommen-dations to the RCE.

719.4.7

719.4.7 Grade Adjustment of Existing Structure

719.4.7 When grade adjustment of existing structure is required, remove the frames, covers, and gratings and reconstruct the walls as required. Perform the work using salvaged materials when practicable. Furnish new materials as necessary to complete the adjustment.

719.4.7 Adjust the existing structures to the required grade and elevation by care-fully removing the grating, removing or adding masonry below or above the existing masonry, and replacing the casting on a full mortar bed to the new elevation.

719.4.7 Where the pavement consists of an asphaltic mix or mixes and unless oth-erwise permitted or directed, adjust the casting to grade after the last base or binder course has been laid and before placing the surface course. Where the pavement, base, or subgrade is removed from around the structure to make the adjustment, fill the area with concrete before placing the surface course.

719.4.8 719.6

719.4.8

719.4.8 Backfilling

719.4.8 Backfill the excavated areas not occupied by the structure with suitable ma-terial placed and thoroughly compacted in layers not more than 8 inches.

719.5

719.5 Measurement

719.5 The quantity for new or adjusted cast-in-place, brick, or block masonry drainage structure is measured by each (EA) unit complete in place and ac-cepted, and includes all frames, covers, gratings, and fittings necessary to complete the unit.

719.5 When the depth of a catch basin, drop inlet, manhole, junction box, or spring box is greater than 6 feet, the quantity for the pay item Extra Depth of Box is the depth of excavation for the drainage structure in excess of 6 feet and is measured by the linear foot (LF), complete, and accepted. The depth of the drainage structure is measured from the top of manhole cover, concrete masonry, hood, or grate and, in the case of drop inlets, from the top of the bottom slab.

719.5 The quantity for precast drainage structure components is measured by the linear foot (LF) or each (EA) unit in place, complete and accepted and in-cludes all frames, covers, gratings, and fittings necessary to complete the unit. Extra Depth of Box is not measured for precast drainage structures.

The lay length of a precast transition section is not included in the measure-ment for the precast concrete drainage structure to which it is connected.

719.5 The excavation required for the installation of drainage structures includes the removal of all obstructions and the removal and replacement of unstable materials as necessary for a proper foundation, but such excavation is not measured nor paid for as a separate item. The cost of excavation is included in the contract unit bid price for the associated drainage structure.

719.6

719.6 Payment

719.6 Payment for the accepted quantity for a new or adjusted drainage struc-tures, measured in accordance with Subsection 719.5, is determined using the contract unit bid price for such items as Catch Basin, Drop Inlet, Manhole, Junction Box, Spring Box, or Adjust Catch Basin, Drop Inlet, Manhole, Junc-tion Box, Utility Box of the size and type specified, or the respective precast concrete drainage structures, Precast Concrete Riser, PC Drainage Base, PC Transition Section (Flat Slab) PC Transition Section (Cone) of the size speci-fied. Payment is full compensation for constructing drainage structures as specified or directed and includes furnishing and placing precast and cast-in-place drainage structure; furnishing and placing reinforcing steel, bricks, blocks, and mortar for masonry structures; providing inlet and outlet openings and joint sealant; excavating (6 foot maximum depth); providing and placing bedding material and backfilling; disposing of surplus material; and all other materials, labor, equipment, tools, supplies, transportation, and incidentals necessary to fulfill the requirements of the pay item in accordance with the Plans, the Specifications, and other terms of the Contract

719.6 719.6

719.6 Payment for drainage structures is made in accordance with the following schedule:

719.6

Drainage Structure Pay Schedule

Structure Brickwork Complete

Throat/Pad Complete

Lid/Grate Complete

Type 1 90% --- 10%

Type 9 90% --- 10%

Type 9 Manhole 90% --- 10%

Type 12 80% 10% 10%

Manhole 90% --- 10%

Type 14 and 14 MG 80% 10% 10%

Type 15 90% --- 10%

Drop Inlet 90% --- 10%

Spring Box 90% --- 10%

Type 16 70% 10% 20%

Type 17 70% 10% 20%

Type 18 70% 10% 20%

719.6 Payment for the accepted quantity of Extra Depth of Box, measured in ac-cordance with Subsection 719.5, is determined using the contract unit bid price for the pay item. Payment is full compensation for excavating for drain-age structures beyond the 6 feet included in the structure pay item as speci-fied or directed and includes backfilling and all other materials, labor, equip-ment, tools, supplies, transportation, and incidentals necessary to fulfill the requirements of the pay item in accordance with the Plans, the Specifications, and other terms of the Contract. Extra Depth of Box is not applicable to pre-cast drainage structures.

719.6 Making connection with an existing culvert or drain including joint sealant, drainage openings, excavation, bedding material, backfilling, disposal of sur-plus material, replacing pavement, reinforcing steel, bricks, mortar and other miscellaneous items needed to complete the work is not paid for separately, and the cost thereof is included in the contract unit bid price for the pay item that requires the work.

719.6 Payment for each item includes all direct and indirect costs and expenses necessary to complete the work.

719.6 719.6

719.6 Pay items under this section include the following:

719.6

Item No. Pay Item Unit

7191XXX Catch Basin (type) EA

71920XX Drop Inlet (size) EA

7192105 Manhole EA

71922XX (size) Junction Box EA

7192300 Spring Box EA

71930XX Precast Concrete Riser - (size)" Diameter LF

71931XX PC Drainage Base - (size)" Diameter EA

71931XX PC Transition Section (Flat Slab) - (size)" to (size)" EA

719317X PC Transition Section (Cone) - (size)" to (size)" EA

7196000 Extra Depth of Box LF

7197110 Adjust Catch Basin EA

7197120 Adjust Manhole EA

7197130 Adjust Drop Inlet EA

7197140 Adjust Utility Box EA

7197150 Adjust Junction Box EA

720.1 720.4.1

SECTION 720

CONCRETE CURB, GUTTER, CURB AND GUTTER,

SIDEWALK, DRIVEWAY, AND MEDIAN

720.1

720.1 Description

720.1 This section contains specifications for the materials, construction, equip-ment, measurement, and payment for the construction of Portland cement concrete curb, Portland cement concrete gutter, Portland cement concrete curb and gutter, Portland cement concrete sidewalk, Portland cement con-crete driveway, and Portland cement concrete median in one course on a prepared subgrade in accordance with these specifications, conforming to the dimensions, typical cross-section, and notes shown on the Plans, and to the lines and grades shown on the Plans or established by the RCE.

720.1 This work includes the placing of reinforcing steel in the concrete when in-dicated on the Plans.

720.2

720.2 Materials

720.2.1

720.2.1 Portland Cement Concrete

720.2.1 Provide Class 2500 Portland cement concrete conforming to the applicable requirements of Section 701.

720.2.2

720.2.2 Expansion Joint Material

720.2.2 Provide expansion joint materials meeting the requirements of Subsection 702.2.2.1.

720.2.3

720.2.3 Reinforcing Steel

720.2.3 Provide reinforcing steel conforming to the requirements of ASTM A 706, Grade 60, and meeting the applicable requirements of Section 703.

720.3

720.3 Equipment

720.3 Ensure that the equipment necessary for the proper construction of the work is on site, in acceptable working condition, and approved by the RCE as to both type and condition before the start of work under this section. Provide sufficient equipment to enable prosecution of the work in accordance with the project schedule and completion of the work in the specified time.

720.4

720.4 Construction

720.4.1

720.4.1 Subgrade

720.4.1 Thoroughly compact the subgrade and finish to a smooth, firmly compacted surface, which is moist at the time the concrete is placed. In areas where it is impractical to use standard type rollers, accomplish compaction by vibratory hand compactors. Remove and replace concrete that settles and/or cracks after placement as directed by the RCE without additional compensation.

720.4.2 720.4.5

720.4.2

720.4.2 Forms

720.4.2 Use wood or metal forms of a depth equal to the thickness of the concrete course. Make certain they are free from warp and are of sufficient strength when staked, to hold the alignment during the concrete placing and finishing operations. Before concrete is placed against them, clean and oil the forms.

Use flexible or curved forms on curves as necessary in order to prevent a chord effect in the alignment of the finished work.

720.4.3

720.4.3 Existing Sidewalks and Driveways

720.4.3 Where a portion of an existing sidewalk or driveway is reconstructed, cut the existing section to a minimum depth of 2 inches with a suitable saw at the location designated by the RCE and remove the entire section to be recon-structed. Join the new sidewalk or driveway with the old work at this line.

720.4.4

720.4.4 Mixing and Placing Concrete

720.4.4 Batch and mix the concrete in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 701.

720.4.4 Unless otherwise indicated on the Plans, construct concrete curbs, con-crete gutters, and concrete curb and gutters in uniform 10-foot sections, ex-cept where shorter sections are necessary for closures; but ensure that no section is less than 4 feet in length. Separate the sections by sheet steel templates or dividing plates set normal to the face and top of the curb. Care-fully set the plates during the placing of the concrete and keep in place until the concrete has set sufficiently to hold its shape. Remove the plates while the forms are still in place.

720.4.4 Deposit concrete in the forms so that the forms do not displace out of grade or alignment. During the placing operations, spade or vibrate the concrete throughout the entire mass and especially against the forms and joints.

Tamp, float, trowel, broom, edge, and finish the surface of the concrete to the typical section, lines, and grades as soon as practicable after the placing of the concrete. Leave the forms in place until the concrete has set sufficiently and their removal does not injure the concrete.

720.4.5

720.4.5 Extruded or Slip-Formed Curb or Curb and Gutter Construction

720.4.5 Unless otherwise specified and except on structures, concrete curb may be placed by an extrusion machine acceptable to the RCE. An accepted slip-form machine may be used to construct concrete curb or curb and gutter if satisfactory results are obtained. When, in the opinion of the RCE, satisfac-tory results are not being obtained, discontinue the extrusion or slip-form work and use the stationary form type of construction with no adjustment in com-pensation. Remove and replace unsatisfactory work without any additional compensation.

720.4.5 Construct expansion and weakened joints at the same locations as re-quired when form construction is being used. Make weakened joints, spaced at 10 foot intervals, by cutting the plastic concrete with a trowel or by other

720.4.6 720.4.7.1 acceptable methods. Ensure that the manner of construction of joints meets the approval of the RCE and has a workmanlike finish after edging.

720.4.6

720.4.6 Joints

720.4.6.1

720.4.6.1 Expansion Joints

720.4.6.1 Ensure that preformed expansion joints are ¾ inch thick and extend the full-depth of the concrete. Construct joints at the locations indicated on the Plans and at the following locations:

• Wherever a sidewalk is constructed between an adjoining substantial structure on one side and curbing on the other side, form an expan-sion joint adjacent to the curbing.

• Place an expansion joint between the sidewalk and the radius curb-ing at street intersections.

• Where concrete sidewalks or medians are constructed adjacent to existing or new concrete pavement or structures, place a transverse expansion joints in the sidewalk or median opposite such joints in the concrete pavement or structure.

• Where existing structures such as light standards, poles, fire hy-drants, etc., are within the limits of the sidewalk or median area, sur-round them with an expansion joint.

• Place transverse expansion joints at intervals of not more than 100 feet in all concrete shapes.

720.4.6.2

720.4.6.2 Contraction Joints

720.4.6.2 Divide the concrete slabs in sidewalks between expansion joints into blocks 10 feet…