Attachment A.pdf

625.1 625.2.2.1

SECTION 625

PERMANENT PAVEMENT MARKINGS

FAST DRY WATERBORNE PAINT

625.1 Description

This section contains specifications for the materials, equipment, construc tion, measurement, and payment for furnishing and applying refiectorized, heavy metals free, fast drying, waterborne paint for pavement markings.

Use markings that are the color (white or yellow) and pattern indicated in the Pavement Marking Plans, Pavement Marking Typicals, or the MUTCD, as applicable. This work includes supplying all necessary equipment and mate rials for the correct application of the marking material to the pavement sur face, protecting pavement markings during installation, determining no pass ing zones for two-lane facilities in accordance with the MUTCD, and providing the Department data used in establishing no passing zones on two-lane facili ties.

625.2 Materials

625.2.1 General

Use pavement marking that consists of traffic paint, meeting the require ments given herein, upon which spherical glass beads are applied by drop ping immediately following paint application. If required, clean the pavement surface in an appropriate manner as described herein immediately prior to application.

625.2.2 Paint

Use paint conforming to the requirements of this specification for this work.

Do not use paint that is more than 12 months old. Use paint that is in confor mance with all applicable specifications and has been tested by the OMR before commencement of work. Upon satisfactory completion of testing, the OMR will assign a unique Laboratory Number to each paint batch. Stencil the Laboratory Test Number on the side of each paint container to indicate OMR approval. Provide documentation to the RCE with each batch containing the information specified in Subsection 625.2.2.7. The RCE will forward a copy of this information to the OMR in order to track usage of each paint batch tested.

625.2.2.1 General Requirements

Provide white and yellow paint that meets the following general require ments:

A. Formulated and manufactured from top grade materials and free from defects and imperfections that might adversely affect the ser viceability of the finished product.

B. Formulated and processed specifically for service as a suitable binder for glass beads for use on traffic-carrying pavements, includ-

625.2.2.2 625.2.2.4.2.1 ing Portland cement concrete, asphalt pavement, and brick.

C. Dries to an elastic adherent finish that does not darken after expo sure to sunlight, does not show appreciable discoloration with age, or darken under service such that the color or visibility to the reflector ized marking is impaired. Ease and uniformity of application and covering properties.

D. Free of heavy metals as defined in Subsection 625.2.2.4.11.

E. Provides the proper anchorage and refraction for glass beads when both binder and spheres are applied in the stipulated quantities with specialized equipment using pressurized bead guns.

F. Manufactured and sealed in containers in such manner that during normal shelf life does not show evidence of settling or livering that causes the paint to be unusable or is detrimental to the specialized equipment used in application.

G. Does not show evidence of skinning when received in sealed con tainers.

625.2.2.2 Vehicle

Use a vehicle portion that has a combination of 100% acrylic emulsion res ins and sufficient surfactants, dispersants, defoamers, water, and coalescing agents that produce a pigmented binder meeting the requirements of these specifications.

625.2.2.3 Testing and Production Variation

When minimum or maximum values are given in these specifications, they represent values that are reliably obtained from testing. They do not repre sent acceptable mean production values. It is the responsibility of the manu facturer to consider variations in production and between testing laboratories when setting manufacturing tolerances.

625.2.2.4 Detailed Requirements

625.2.2.4.1 Viscosity

Use paint with a viscosity of 80 to 95 K.U. when tested at nOF in accor dance with ASTM D 562.

625.2.2.4.2 Drying Time

625.2.2.4.2.1 Laboratory Drying Time

Test paint in accordance with ASTM D 711 at a wet film thickness of 15 mils (± 1 mil) to determine time to "no-pickup" condition. Conduct the test in a standard laboratory atmosphere during which the relative humidity is main tained at 50% (± 5%), and the temperature is maintained at 73.5°F (± 3.5~) and air flow is maintained at a rate of 2.2 mph (± 0.45 mph). Use paint that will dry to a "no-pickup" condition in 8 minutes or less.

625.2.2.4.2.2 625.2.2.4.6

625.2.2.4.2.2 Field Drying Time

Provide paint that when applied at a wet film thickness of 15 mils and a bead application rate of 6 pounds/gallon, dries to a "no-track" condition in the following times under the stipulated conditions:

Relative Humidity s 85%, Surface Temperature ~ 54°F

Paint Temperature at Tip Maximum "No-Track" Time

77°F 4 minutes

122°F -131°F 90 seconds

131°F -140°F 60 seconds

2 Consider paint to have reached a "no-track" condition when the marking is traversed by a standard automobile simulating a passing maneuver at a speed of approximately 40 mph without visible tracking of the reflectorized line. Tracking is defined to be visible if it is discernable when viewed at a distance of 50 feet.

625.2.2.4.3 Flexibility

Cast a 5 mil wet film of the paint on a clean 30-gauge tin panel approxi mately 3 inches by 6 inches. Air-dry the panel at room temperature for 18 hours (± 2 hours), and then, bake at 122°F (± 4°F) for 2 hours (± 0.25 hour).

Allow the panel to cool at room temperature for 30 minutes (± 10 minutes), and then, bend around a 0.5-inch metal rod. Use paint that withstands this test with no sign of film failure or loss of adhesion when viewed without the use of magnification.

625.2.2.4.4 Dry Opacity

Provide white and yellow paint that has a minimum contrast ratio of 0.965 when tested at a wet film thickness of 10 mils in accordance with ASTM D 2805.

625.2.2.4.5 Directional Reflectance

Use paint that has daylight reflectance, without drop-on glass spheres, of not less than 86% for white paint, and not less than 50% for yellow paint rela tive to magnesium oxide when tested in accordance with ASTM E 1347.

625.2.2.4.6 Abrasion Resistance

Provide paint that passes the following abrasion resistance test Prepare 4 plate samples for each lot to be tested on the Taber

Abrader. Apply paint with a drawdown blade having a clearance of 26 mils. Dry the paint abrasion samples at room temperature for approxi mately 30 minutes, and then, dry at 105°C for 18 hours (± 0.2 hour).

After this time, clean, dress, weigh, and abrade the paint for 1000 cy cles. After abrading, clean the samples with a soft brush and weigh again. Provide a corresponding loss for the 4 plates that does not ex-

625.2.2.4.7 625.2.2.4.12 ceed 50mg per plate. Operate the Taber Abrader with a weight of 500g and CS-10 wheels.

625.2.2.4.7 Glass Bead Adhesion

Use paint that is formulated and processed as both white and yellow colors specifically for service as a binder of drop-on beads to produce maximum adhesion, refraction, and reflection during the life of the marking applied at 15 mils wet film thickness.

625.2.2.4.8 Bleeding

Use a paint that has a minimum bleeding ratio of 0.98 when tested in ac cordance with the method given in Federal Specification TT-P-1952B, para graph 4.5.13.

625.2.2.4.9 Total Non-Volatile, Vehicle Solids, and Flash Point

Provide paint with volatile organic compounds (VOC) that does not exceed 100 grams/liter. Use a non-volatile vehicle that is greater than or equal to 42.00%, reported to the nearest one hundredth of a percent, when the whole paint is ashed for one hour at 877°F (± 45°F). Use white and yellow paints that have 75.00% to 80.00% total non-volatiles, reported to the nearest one hundredth of a percent, when tested in accordance with ASTM D 3723. Pro vide paint that has a closed cup flash point that is greater than or equal to 140°F.

625.2.2.4.10 Composition

Use a white paint that contains a minimum of 1.0 pound/gallon of titanium dioxide in the white pigment. For all colors, conform the titanium dioxide to ASTM D 476, Types II, III, or IV.

625.2.2.4.11 Lead Content

For yellow heavy metals free binder, use a finished binder that does not exceed the legal limit of 6% maximum when tested for lead content. Use yellow pigments that are organic yellows containing no lead, chromium, or other heavy metal containing pigments. Establish the color using a blend of Color Index PY 75 and Rutile Titanium Dioxide Type II or blends of CI PY 75, CI PY 65, and Rutile Titanium Dioxide Type II. Use only small quantities of tinting aids if needed to establish an acceptable color.

625.2.2.4.12 Color

Use paint that is capable of maintaining its original color throughout the life of the line (approximately 2 years). Use paint with color that meets the re quirements of 23CFR, Part 655, Table 1. The following CIE chromaticity co ordinates describe the instrumental boundaries of the required color match:

625.2.2.4.12 625.2.2.4.16

Chromaticity Coordinates

White Yellow x y x y

1 0.303 0.300 0.498 0.412

2 0.368 0.366 0.557 0.442

3 03.93 0.340 0.520 0.479

4 0.274 0.329 0.438 0.472

625.2.2.4.13 Distinguishable Color

Use yellow color that is very distinguishable from white markings under day or night conditions when applied on the roadway and is capable of remaining distinguishable during the life of the marking.

625.2.2.4.14 Grind and Freedom from Lumps

Use pigmented binder that has a grind of not less than 3 on the Hegman Grind Gauge and that passes a No. 50 mesh sieve at the time of packaging.

625.2.2.4.15 Settling

Test the pigmented binder for settling by the following method:

1. Use full pint, triple-sealed, friction top paint cans lined with an appro priate material designed to be non-reactive with waterborne paints.

2. Fill the cans to the bottom of the friction seal lip and place in an in verted position for one hour to ensure a complete seal between the cover and the body of the can.

3. At the end of one hour, place the filled can in an upright position for at least one hour before being placed in an air temperature of 122°F (± 2°F). Place the can or cans in a single tier.

4. Store these cans free of vibration at an air temperature of 122°F (± 2°F) for a period of 5 days.

5. After a heating period of 5 days, cool the cans at room temperature for 4 to 5 hours and evaluate the degree of settling in accordance with ASTM D 869.

Provide paint that exhibits no dense or hard settling and has a degree of settling rating of 6 or better when evaluated in accordance with ASTM D 869.

625.2.2.4.16 pH Factor

Provide a pigmented binder that has a pH factor of 9.5 minimum as pack aged without thinning or diluting. Use the following resins: Rohm and Haas E- 2706 Resin, Rohm and Haas Rhoplex Fastrack 3427, Dow DT211, or an ap proved equal for enhancing the time to "no-track." Request approval by the RCE of any substitute resin other those expressly mentioned here before its

625.2.2.4.17 625.2.2.6.1 use. Inform the OMR of the resin intended for use when supplying samples.

Ensure that the supplier does not change resins during the life of the Contract without prior approval from the RCE. In the event that low pH water is used to manufacture the finished binder, pH buffers may be used to obtain the mini mum pH factor.

625.2.2.4.17 Solvents

Use potable water from a public water supply as the solvent for the binder manufactured by these specifications.

625.2.2.5 Control Tolerances

625.2.2.5.1 Percent Pigment

Use total pigment solids that are 58.00 to 63.00 percent by weight, reported to the nearest one hundredth of a percent, when tested in accordance with

ASTM D 3723.

625.2.2.5.2 Volumetric Weight

Use pigmented binders that have a density of 14.0 pounds/gallon (± 0.3 pound/gallon) for white and 13.7 pounds/gallon (± 0.3 pound/gallon) for yel low. Determine weight per gallon in accordance with ASTM D 1475.

625.2.2.5.3 Vehicle Solids and Total Non-Volatile

Provide paint that meets the requirements given in Subsection 625.2.2.4.9 of these specifications.

As noted in Subsection 625.2.2.3, it is the manufacturer's responsibility to consider testing and production variation when selecting mean production values. It is strongly recommended that the vehicle solids be one to two per cent higher than the specified minimum values.

625.2.2.5.4 Viscosity

Use paint that meets the requirements given in Subsection 625.2.2.4.1 of these specifications.

625.2.2.5.5 Drying Time

Use paint that meets the requirements for Laboratory Drying time given in Subsection 625.2.2.4.2 of these specifications.

625.2.2.6 Samples and Tests Required

625.2.2.6.1 Qualification of Samples

Before shipment or use, submit the following items for each type and color of paint supplied:

• Two samples consisting of one-quart cans of paint that the manufac turer proposes to furnish.

• Manufacturer's testing results for the samples. Provide testing re sults that minimally include the items given in Subsection 625.2.2.5 of these specifications and the brand and type of resin used.

625.2.2.6.1 625.2.2.7.1

• Manufacturer'S statement of compliance with all requirements of these specifications. This statement explicitly states that the paint provided is essentially free of lead, cadmium, and other heavy met als.

• Material Safety Data Sheets, essentially similar to Form OSHA-20, for the material provided.

Furnish the items above to the following address:

SCDOT Office of Materials and Research 1406 Shop Road Columbia, SC 29201

3 Do not ship or use paint until testing indicates that the material proposed is in conformance with these specifications.

625.2.2.6.2 Production Control Tests

Perform laboratory tests on each batch of paint produced under these specifications to ensure compliance with these specifications. Include the results of these tests with samples provided as specified in Subsection 625.2.2.6.1.

625.2.2.6.3 Department Samples

After award of the contract, the Department reserves the right to perform in plant sampling of the finished paint during packaging operations and/or sam pling of the packaged paint after it is received. During packaging operations for each batch and at the time the manufacturer obtains samples for each batch, obtain two one-quart samples, sealed properly, and forwarded along with the results of the manufacturer's production control tests and a certifica tion of compliance with these specifications to the OMR at the address shown in Subsection 625.2.2.6.1 of these specifications. The samples are tested by the Department in whatever manner is deemed necessary. Department in spectors or their designated agents observe the performance of all sampling.

Samples taken by the manufacturer without supervision are not acceptable without permission of the RCE. The inspectors will designate at random two containers from each batch to be sampled for testing and enclose a copy of the sampling inspection with the samples.

625.2.2.7 Materials Acceptance Criteria

625.2.2.7.1 Shipping Records

Once a batch of paint has been approved for shipment, send a form with the following information to the RCE for each shipment:

• Date

• Consignee

• Shipped To

• Type of Paint

• No. of Gallons Shipped

625.2.2.8 625.2.2.8.1

• Batch Number

• Laboratory Number furnished by OMR for approved batch(es).

625.2.2.8 Packing and Marking

625.2.2.8.1 Bulk Containers

Supply paint in an intermediate bulk container capable of holding 250 gal lons. Provide a container that is new or reconditioned, stainless steel, and conforms to Federal DOT Specification 57 from 49 CFR, Part 178.251, or 49 CFR, Part 178 Subpart 0 and all other appropriate rules and regulations.

Provide a container that has a certificate of construction compliance with 49 CFR, Part 178.2(C), (1), (i) and (ii) or Part 178 Subpart 0 regarding drop test requirements. Use a container that is equipped with disposable airtight blad ders (not liners), minimum 5-mil thickness, constructed of polyethylene or similar flexible materials that will not react with the specified waterborne paint.

Provide a bladder that has a minimum working volume of 250 gallons. Use a bladder that is designed to allow for valve access and proper drainage of the container contents, while minimizing air space around the paint during storage and use. Use a bladder that completely encapsulates the paint within the container and that can be easily opened for field sampling and easily closed to remain airtight. Do not allow direct air to contact paint between the bladder and the container. Reuse of the bladder is prohibited.

Use containers that comply with the following specifications:

A. Capable of holding approximately 250 gallons.

B. Designed to accommodate their lifting and transporting with forklift or front-end loader.

C. Stackable, at least two high.

D. Has either a hinged or bolted hatch and/or screw top opening that is at least 16 inches in diameter. Use containers with a bolt-down hatch that have an additional screw top opening of 6-inch minimum diameter.

E. Has a 2-inch ball valve fitted with a male quick disconnect and valves that are 100% compatible with waterborne paint. Has a valve that no portion, including the in-place cap assembly, extends beyond the vertical plane of the forklift. No galvanized, copper, chrome, or brass valves allowed.

F. Has a security feature that protects the valve from being opened by accident or by vandals.

G. 100% compatible with waterborne paint.

H. Has proper venting of the tank by either a vacuum relief valve or an access port that can be opened. Opening the container for vacuum relief will not cause the paint to come in direct contact with air.

625.2.2.8.2 625.2.2.8.6

625.2.2.8.2 Fill Level for Bulk Containers

Fill each bulk container with 250 gallons of paint to provide an air space at the top. This space is to reduce spillage when stirring is required. Add sev eral liters of an appropriate floating ammonia solution to the top of the paint to retard evaporation and skinning.

625.2.2.8.3 Five Gallon Containers

When 5-gallon containers are used, use buckets that are USDOT hazmat certified containers for shipping liquids conforming to this specification. En sure that they are made of not less than 26-gauge steel or plastic buckets with gO-mil minimum wall thickness, a 26-gauge metal lid, and are open-head design with lug cover and flowed-in gasket. Ensure that metal pails have at least one reinforcing bead at the upper end.

2 If a tapered design is used, provide two beads; one above and one below the point at which the handle is attached to the side of the metal buckets.

Provide a suitable wire bail-type handle.

625.2.2.8.4 Fifty-Five Gallon Containers

Use open-head type 55-gallon drums conforming to USDOT 1A1 hazmat approved containers, as amended by this specification. Ensure that they are constructed of not less than 18-gauge steel and have a removable head that is solid and contains no bungs. Use a %" bolt to secure the ring clamp that secures the removable head. Tighten the ring clamp to prevent spillage when the drum is tilted during unloading.

625.2.2.8.5 Container Marking

Plainly mark or label all containers to show the following information as appropriate: "Waterborne Lead Free - White," or "Waterborne Lead Free - Yellow." Also, show the following:

• Net gallons and/or liters,

• Name of manufacturer,

• Batch number,

• Date of manufacture (month and year), and

• Type of resin used.

2 Use containers that are labeled with the information listed above in a method that is able to withstand exposure to elements for up to one year and retain all of the required information. The Department reserves the right to require an improved marking/labeling method in the event that the identifying information is not retained on the container during the storage period to the satisfaction of the RCE.

625.2.2.8.6 Container Color

Use containers provided under these specifications that are painted or oth erwise colored blue. Other colors may be used with prior approval of the

625.2.2.8.7 625.2.2.8.8.3

RCE. Yellow, white, and black are not acceptable container colors.

625.2.2.8.7 Container Lining

Ensure that each drum or metal pail has a baked-on epoxy lining on the inside of the container. Provide containers with a coating of phenolic epoxy or equal coating.

625.2.2.8.8 Alternative Method of Packaging

625.2.2.8.8.1 General

At the Contractors option, an alternative method of packaging may be used.

This alternative packing consists of caged bottle paint totes also known as composite intermediate bulk containers (IBCs). If totes are used, make cer tain that containers consist of blow-molded, high molecular, high density poly ethylene (HOPE) enclosed by a galvanized square tubular steel cage and have a capacity of 275 gallons.

625.2.2.8.8.2 Materials

Ensure that the HOPE resin is certified by the tote manufacturer to contain a U.v. stabilizer compounded by the resin manufacturer. Make certain that the frame is zinc-galvanized tubular steel and the pallet is either plastic (HOPE) or zinc-galvanized tubular steel.

Make certain totes are equipped with disposable airtight bladders (not lin ers), minimum 127-micron (5-mil) thickness, constructed of polyethylene or similar flexible materials that will not react with the specified waterborne traffic paint.

625.2.2.8.8.3 Requirements

Use reusable HOPE totes capable of handling bulk liquids with 1.9 specific gravity. Make certain containers have a footprint dimensions that does not exceed 48 inches for either width or depth.

Ensure that totes are UN/OOT certified for shipping and handling of bulk liquids with a maximum of 1.9 specific gravity as required by 49 CFR, Part 178.

Use totes that have a base that allows four-way forklift and pallet jack han dling. Make certain that the totes are capable of being stacked a minimum of two high when completely filled with paint.

Ensure that the minimum working volume of the bladder is 275 gallons and that the bladder is designed to allow for valve access and proper drainage of the container contents, while minimizing air space around the paint during storage and use. Ensure that the bladder completely encapsulates the paint within the container and does not allow any direct air to paint contact between the bladder and the container. Reuse of the bladder is prohibited.

Ensure that the finished tank wall is as free, as commercially practicable, of visual defects such as foreign inclusions, dried paint, air bubbles, pinholes, pimples, crazing, cracking and delaminations that will impair the serviceability

625.2.2.8.8.4 625.2.2.9.1 of the vessel. Fine bubbles are acceptable with tanks to the degree in which they do not interfere with proper fusion of the resin melt.

625.2.2.8.8.4 Tank Fittings and Attachments

Make certain that a bottom drain ball valve is recessed 2 inches with has a 2-inch male quick disconnect fitting. Ensure that the fill port and disconnect are leak free and compatible with waterborne paint. No galvanized, copper, chrome, or brass valves are allowed. Make certain that no portion of the valve, including the in-place cap assembly, extends beyond the vertical plane of the forklift.

Ensure that the top lid is a 6-inch screw cap style lid, and is easily opened by hand, and the screw cap has a 2-inch bung incorporated into it to provide a vacuum vent.

625.2.2.8.8.5 Markings and Certifications

Use totes that have a molded-in gallon marker for at-a-glance monitoring.

2 Make certain that totes that have the following markings required by 49 CFR, Part 178.703:

• UN/DOT shipping classification,

• Capacity,

• Tare mass,

• Month, day and year of manufacture, and

• Manufacturer's name, city and state.

3 Use totes that have either a document holder attached or direct stenciling to the side that clearly convey the following information:

• Company name,

• Color of paint,

• Quantity of paint contained,

• Batch number,

• Formula code, and

• Other information as may be specified/requested by the Department.

625.2.2.9 Supplier Qualification

625.2.2.9.1 Supplier Experience

The firm or corporation that supplies paint is required to have a history of production and sales of the material furnished under these specifications. If requested by the Department and before use, have the supplier meet in per son and/or furnish a statement to the satisfaction of the Department of the above history along with the names of other government agencies that have successfully used its products.

625.2.2.9.2 625.2.3

625.2.2.9.2 Laboratory Facilities

Ensure that the supplier possesses or has sufficient access to laboratory facilities capable of assuring accuracy and quality of formulation by perform ing laboratory tests as required in these specifications.

625.2.2.9.3 Service Technician

Proper application is deemed essential to the success of this process. To ensure proper usage of material provided under these specifications, provide at least one technician to instruct in the application of materials when re quested by the Department. Provide a technician that is familiar with marking application equipment and has had successful experience in the placing of reflective markings and the use of reflective marking materials.

625.2.3 Glass Beads

Use glass beads meeting the requirements of this specification in the per formance of this work. Use beads manufactured from 100% recycled cui let glass. This may include windowpane glass, architectural glass, automotive glass, or other glass sources.

2 Ensure that the beads meet all the requirements of AASHTO M 247, Type 1 with moisture resistant coating, with the following exceptions:

3 Replace Section 5.1 of AASHTO M 247, Type 1 with the following:

Package the beads in 50 or 55 pound waterproof multiple-layer type treated paper bags with a sheet of plastic moisture barrier between pa per layers. Ensure that the bags are not less than five-ply construction, including the plastic moisture barrier. Furnish all pallets with the same quantity of bags and secure each pallet with shrink-wrap.

Mark each package with the following information:

• Name and address of manufacturer,

• Shipping point,

• Trademark or name,

• Wording: "Glass Beads",

• Number of pounds,

• Lot or batch number, and

• Month and year of manufacture.

4 Other larger containers may be used subject to approval by the RCE.

5 The Department reserves the right to perform sampling of the packaged or unpackaged material at the point of manufacture, the Contractor's facilities, or at the job site. These samples will be tested in the manner deemed appropri ate by the RCE. Before commencement of the work, provide a Certification of Compliance to the RCE for the glass beads as specified herein. At least one 50 or 55 pound bag of beads will be sampled by the RCE at random for each 44,000 pounds of beads used. Forward the bead samples and a copy of the

625.3 625.4.1 certification information to the OMR in Columbia for testing.

625.3 Equipment

625.3.1 Traveling Applicator

Use a traveling pavement marking applicator that is adaptable to traveling at a uniform, predetermined rate of speed both uphill and downhill in order to produce a uniform application of paint. Use a spray-type paint machine that is capable of satisfactorily applying the paint under pressure with a uniformity of feed through nozzles spraying directly upon the pavement. Use a machine that is capable of applying at least two separate stripes, either solid or skip, in any specified pattern by using at least two adjacent spray nozzles simultane ously. Use paint tanks equipped with satisfactory cutoff valves, which can apply broken, or skip lines automatically. Make certain that the controls allow the operator to override set automatic cycles to extend a line or to begin a new cycle at any selected point. Use nozzles with a mechanical bead dis penser that operates simultaneously and in coordination with the spray nozzle and distributes the beads in a uniform pattern at the rate specified. Ensure each nozzle is equipped with suitable line guides. Use a traveling applicator equipped with paint meters that will indicate the amount of paint dispensed from each tank.

625.3.2 Cleaning Equipment

Use pavement cleaning equipment consisting of the necessary brushes, brooms, scrapers, grinders, high-pressure water jets, and air blast equipment required to satisfactorily remove all foreign matter from the surfaces to be painted. Conduct cleaning in such a manner so that the underlying pavement is not damaged.

625.3.3 Hand Painting Equipment

Use hand painting equipment consisting of suitable applicators, templates, and guides necessary to produce satisfactory results. Limit the use of this equipment to smaller areas such as traverse lines and stenciled symbols.

625.3.4 Equipment on Site

Ensure that the equipment necessary for the proper construction of the work is on site, in acceptable working condition, and approved by the RCE as to both type and condition before the start of work under this section. Provide sufficient equipment to enable prosecution of the work in accordance with the project schedule and completion of the work in the specified time.

625.4 Construction

625.4.1 Use and Coordination of Traffic Control

It is the Contractor's responsibility to use and coordinate the proper traffic control indicated in the Contract, the SCOOT Standard Drawings, the MUTCD, or as directed by the RCE to allow for the safe removal of existing pavement markings, surface preparation, and installation of new pavement markings.

625.4.2 625.4.3.1

625.4.2 Surface Preparation

Ensure that the pavement is dry and free of glaze, oil, dirt, grease, or other foreign contaminants. Where directed by the RCE, remove any existing markings that conflict with the Pavement Marking Plans by an approved method before the application of painted pavement marking. Use approved removal methods, which are shot blast, sand blast, or grinding.

In cases where the existing symbol markings (i.e. arrows, ONLY, etc.) differ from or are in conflict with the Plans, the MUTCD, or the SCDOT Standard Drawings, the RCE will determine which governs. For symbol marking reloca tion or replacement, remove 95% of the conflicting markings by buffing, water blasting, sand blasting, or otherwise ensuring that the pavement surface is in proper condition for adequate bonding of the new pavement markings. In clude the cost of removal in the bid prices for placement of the new symbol markings.

On Portland cement concrete surfaces including bridge decks, remove at least 95% of any existing markings by an approved method to provide for adequate bonding of the pavement marking. Make the width of the removal 2 inches wider than the line to be applied.

When removing existing markings from the pavement surface, provide a positive means to control dust and accumulation of debris resulting from the removal operation. Capture the removed material utilizing a separate vacuum equipped vehicle or other approved system, to prevent its dispersal, and to properly dispose of this material. Do not allow any visible marking material debris to remain on the pavement shoulders. Ensure that the clean-up opera tions include removal and disposal of the excess or waste materials away from the project site.

Ensure that the removal or dust and debris collection operations do not damage the existing pavement surfaces (concrete or asphalt) or damage the pavement joint materials. Repair any significant damage occurring from the removal operations to the satisfaction of the RCE at no expense to the De partment.

Immediately before application of the new marking material, clean all sur faces to be marked with a jet of compressed air. At the time of marking appli cation, ensure that the pavement surface is free of dust, dirt, oil, grease, and any remaining loose or flaking existing marking material.

625.4.3 Application of Markings

625.4.3.1 Maximum Temperature and Heat Exchanger Dwell Time (Wa terborne Paint)

When waterborne paint is utilized, do not allow the temperature at the heat exchanger of the paint truck to exceed 150°F. Do not allow paint to dwell in the exchanger for more than 2 hours.

625.4.3.1 625.4.3.6

2 It is strongly recommended that the exchanger temperature be reduced to 120°F or that heat to the exchanger and lines be turned off if the material is not to be applied within one hour.

625.4.3.2 Alignment of Markings

Ensure that the markings are straight or uniform in curvature and conform uniformly to tangents, curves, and transitions. Make certain that symbols are of dimensions shown in the Plans and the SCOOT Standard Drawings. En sure that markings are the dimensions shown on the Pavement Marking Plans and the SCOOT Standard Drawings or as directed by the RCE. Pro vide sufficient control points to serve as guides for the application of mark ings.

Ensure that the finished line markings are free from waviness and the lat eral deviations do not exceed 2 inches in 15 feet. Any greater deviation will be sufficient cause for requiring the removal and correction of the markings.

Remove and correct any symbol markings not meeting the dimensional re quirements shown on the Plans, the Pavement Marking Plans, and the SCOOT Standard Drawings.

625.4.3.3 Applicator Type

Place all longitudinal markings with a truck-mounted applicator except when approved by the RCE. Such an exception may occur where the length of a particular marking is too short or the curvature too great to permit efficient use of a truck-mounted applicator. Transverse markings may be applied with a portable unit.

625.4.3.4 Application Restrictions

Unless otherwise permitted by the RCE, no markings may be applied to areas of pavement when any of the following conditions are present:

1. Moisture or foreign matter is present on the surface.

2. The air temperature is below 50°F.

3. The relative humidity is above 85%.

2 The RCE may waive the temperature and humidity requirements on newly placed pavement when markings are immediately required for safe conduct of traffic.

625.4.3.5 Hours of Operation

Conduct marking operations only during daylight hours unless nighttime operations are required by the Contract or by the RCE. Ensure that all mark ings are sufficiently dry before opening to traffic.

625.4.3.6 Rate of Application

Provide all markings with a wet film thickness of 15 mils. Place glass beads at a minimum rate of 6 pounds per gallon of paint.

625.4.3.7 625.5

625.4.3.7 Protective Measures

When marking operations are conducted under traffic, take protective measures as outlined in the Traffic Control Plan. At the discretion of the RCE, repair and correct markings damaged by traffic, or markings tracked by cross ing traffic as specified in Subsection 625.4.3.9.

625.4.3.8 Tolerance and Appearance

Ensure that markings are applied at the dimensions shown on the Plans, the Pavement Marking Plans, and the SCOOT Standard Drawings. Markings less than the specified width will not be accepted. Lengths of painted seg ment of skip lines less than 10 feet will not be accepted. Gaps between the painted segments that vary more than ± 6 inches from the specified dimen sions will not be accepted. Ensure that all markings present a clean-cut, uni form, and workmanlike appearance. Correct all markings that fail to have a uniform, satisfactory appearance during day or night. Continued deviation from required dimensions will be cause for stopping the work and correcting the non-conforming markings as specified in Subsection 625.4.3.9.

625.4.3.9 Corrective Measures

All work will be subject to checks of dimensions and application rates for beads and paint. Correct all traffic markings that fail to meet the requirements given herein. Remove all areas of misted, dripped, and/or splattered paint to the satisfaction of the RCE. In all instances, when it is necessary to remove paint, remove it by means that are satisfactory to the RCE and which does not damage the underlying pavement.

625.5 Measurement

The quantities for fast dry painted pavement marking for lines are meas ured by the linear foot (LF) along the center of the pavement marking lines for each width and color of pavement marking line in-place, complete and ac cepted. The measurement includes the length of the painted marking only and excludes spaces between broken lines.

2 The quantities for fast dry painted pavement marking symbols (arrow, word, railroad crossing, handicap, and biking symbol, etc.) are measured by each (EA) symbol in-place, complete and accepted. A railroad crossing symbol consists of "X RR".

3 Traffic control utilized during the performance of painted pavement marking work is not measured under items covered by this section, but is included in the item Traffic Control in accordance with Subsections 107.12 and 601.5.

4 Unless included in other pay items in the Contract, the work required to remove existing pavement markings is considered incidental to the work un der this section and is not measured separately.

5 Unless included in other pay items in the Contract, determination of the no passing zones for two-lane facilities and providing the Department with the data used in establishing the zones is considered incidental work for the

625.6 625.6 painted pavement marking items and is not measured for payment.

625.6 Payment

Payment for the accepted quantity for each type of pavement marking, measured in accordance with Subsection 625.5, is determined using the contract unit bid price for the applicable item. Payment is full compensation for applying painted pavement markings as specified or directed and includes preparing the pavement surface; removing unacceptable pavement markings;

and all other materials, labor, equipment, supplies, and incidentals necessary to fulfill the requirements of the pay item in accordance with the Plans, the Specifications, and other terms of the Contract.

Removal of existing pavement markings is considered incidental to the other items of work and no separate payment is made for this work unless separate pay items are included in the Contract.

Unless otherwise included in the proposal, traffic control for surface prepa ration and the application and/or removal of pavement markings is included in the item Traffic Control in accordance with Subsections 104.7 and 601.6

Determination of the no passing zones for two-lane facilities and providing the Department with the data is considered incidental to the other various items of work, and no separate payment is made for this work.

Payment for each item includes all direct and indirect costs and expenses required to complete the work.

Pay items under this section include the following:

Item No. Pay item Unit

6250005 4" White Broken Lines (Gaps Excluded) - Fast Dry Paint LF

6250007 6" White Broken Lines (Gaps Excluded) - Fast Dry Paint LF

6250008 6" Black Broken Lines (Gaps Excluded) - Fast Dry Paint LF

6250010 4" White Solid Lines (Pavement Edge Lines) -

LF

Fast Dry Paint

6250012 6" White Solid Lines (Pavement Edge Lines) -

LF

Fast Dry Paint

6250015 8" White Solid Lines (Crosswalk & Channelization) -

LF

Fast Dry Paint

6250020 12" White Solid Lines - Fast Dry Paint LF

6250025 24" White Solid Lines - (Stop/Diagonal Lines) -

LF

Fast Dry Paint

6250030 White Single Arrow (Left, Straight, Right) - Fast Dry Paint EA

(table continued on the next page)

625.6 625.6

(tablecontinuedfrom the previouspage)

Item No. Pay item Unit

6250031 White Single Bike Lane Arrow (Left, Straight, Right) - EAFast Dry Paint

6250035 White Word Message "Only" - Fast Dry Paint EA

6250040 White Combination Arrow (Straight & Right or Straight &

EA

Left) - Fast Dry Paint

6250043 White Lane Drop Arrow (Left or Right) - Fast Dry Paint EA

6250045 Railroad Crossing Symbols - Fast Dry Paint EA

6250050 Handicap Symbol - Fast Dry Paint EA

6250055 Bike Lane Symbol - Fast Dry Paint EA

6250105 4" Yellow Broken Lines - (Gaps Excluded)- LFFast Dry Paint

6250107 6" Yellow Broken Lines - (Gaps Excluded) - LFFast Dry Paint

6250110 4" Yellow Solid Line - (Pavement Edge & No Passing LFZone) - Fast Dry Paint

6250111 6" Yellow Solid Line - (Pavement Edge & No Passing LFZone) - Fast Dry Paint

6250112 6" Yellow Solid Line on Curb/Median - Fast Dry Paint LF

6250113 6" Yellow Solid Lines on 6" Concrete Curb (Top & Side)- LFFast Dry Paint

6250115 24" Yellow Diagonal Lines - Fast Dry Paint LF