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EXCAVATION SAFETY PROGRAM POLICY

MCP 00S.60

George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center Salt Lake City, Utah 84148

Signatory Authority:

George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center Director

Responsible Owner:

Occupational Safety & Health Manager

Rescinded Document:

00Q.44 Excavation Safety Program

Response, dated June 23, 2017

Effective Date:

August 12, 2020

Recertification Date:

August 31, 2025

1. POLICY

This medical center policy 00S.60 defines the process for contractors and employees of VASLCHCS for compliance with the OSHA Excavation Standards, 29 CFR 1926.650, 29 CFR 1926.651 and 29 CFR 1926.652. It applies to all excavation activities conducted at VASLCHCS or on properties owned by VASLCHCS.

2. JUSTIFICATION

It is the policy of the Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System (VASLCHCS) to assure the safety of contractors and employees who work in or around excavations or trenches. The program is also designed to protect employees and the general public who may approach or travel near excavations or trench work.

3. RESPONSIBILITIES

A. Safety Manager: Responsible for employee safety and assuring compliance with VASLCHCS Trenching and Excavation Program.

B. Chief Engineer: Responsible for ensuring all employees in Engineering Service follow VASLCHCS Trenching and Excavation program.

C. Contracting Officer Representative (COR) is designated as the VASLCHCS Construction Safety Officer and will assure that the construction contractor designates a CP for all excavation operations. The COR will assure that the contractor’s designated CP performs responsibilities as described by this program.

4. PROCEDURES

A. Conduct a Pre-Job Brief prior to the initiation of work:

(1) Prepare for the pre job brief:

(a) Detailed review of the excavation or trenching work

(b) Job site condition evaluation

(c) Soil classification

(d) Location of utilities

(e) Potential hazards

(f) Notify all personnel involved in the work of the pre job brief

(g) Identify the Competent Person for the job

(h) Distribute this policy to all personnel and request them to conduct a job site condition evaluation

(i) Develop the topics for discussion

(j) Schedule the pre job brief in a distraction free environment (1) Can be managed by service in accordance with this policy.

(2) Conduct the pre job brief by asking these 5 questions:

(a) Have we done this job before?

(b) What are the critical steps?

(c) What mistakes might be made?

(d) What’s the worst that could happen?

(e) What defenses should be used?

(3) Document the results of the pre job brief:

(a) Participants

(b) Action items to be completed prior to work initiation

(4) Obtain a daily Excavation and Trenching Permit (Attachment C)

B. Surface Encumbrances:

(1) All equipment, materials, supplies, permanent installations (e.g. buildings, roadways), trees, brush, boulders, and other objects at the surface that could present a hazard to employees working in the excavation must be removed or supported as necessary to protect employees.

C. Underground Installations:

(1) The estimated location of utility installations, such as sewer, telephone, fuel, electric, water lines, or any other underground installations that reasonably may be expected to be encountered during excavation work, shall be determined prior to opening an excavation.

(2) Utility companies or owners shall be contacted within established or customary local response times, advised of the proposed work, and asked to establish the location of the utility underground installations prior to the start of actual excavation. When utility companies or owners cannot respond to a request to locate underground utility installations within 24 hours (unless a longer period is required by state or local law), or cannot establish the exact location of these installations, the employer may proceed, provided the employer does so with caution, and provided detection equipment or other acceptable means to locate utility installations are used.

(3) Utility markings will follow APWA Uniform Color Code.

(a) White- Proposed excavation

(b) Pink- Temporary survey markings

(c) Red- Electric power lines, cables, conduit and lightning cables

(d) Yellow- Gas, oil, steam, petroleum, or gaseous materials

(e) Orange- Communication, alarm or signal lines

(f) Blue- Potable water

(g) Purple- Reclaimed water, irrigation and slurry lines

(h) Green- Sewers and drain lines

(4) When excavation operations approach the estimated location of underground utility installations, the exact location of the installations shall be determined by hand digging.

(5) While the excavation is open, underground installations shall be protected, supported or removed as necessary to safeguard employees.

D. Access and Egress:

(1) Structural Ramps

(a) Structural ramps that are used solely by employees as a means of access or egress from excavations shall be designed by a competent person. Structural ramps used for access or egress of equipment shall be designed by a competent person qualified in structural design and shall be constructed in accordance with the design.

(b) Ramps and runways constructed of two or more structural members shall have the structural members connected to prevent displacement.

(c) Cleats or other appropriate means used to connect runway structural members shall be attached to the bottom of the runway or shall be attached in a manner to prevent tripping.

(d) Structural ramps used in lieu of steps shall be provided with cleats or other surface treatments on the top surface to prevent slipping.

(e) Means of egress from trench excavations

(f) A stairway, ladder, ramp or other safe means of egress shall be located in trench excavations that are 4 feet (1.22 m) or more in depth so as to require no more than 25 feet (7.62 m) of lateral travel for employees.

(2) Exposure to Falling Loads:

(a) No employee shall be permitted underneath loads handled by lifting or digging equipment. Employees shall be required to stand away from any vehicle being loaded or unloaded to avoid being struck by any spillage or falling materials. Operators may remain in the cabs of vehicles being loaded or unloaded when the vehicles are equipped for adequate protection for the operator during loading and unloading operations.

(3) Warning Systems for Mobile Equipment:

(a) When mobile equipment is operated adjacent to an excavation, or when such equipment is required to approach the edge of an excavation, and the operator does not have a clear and direct view of the edge of the excavation, a warning system shall be utilized such as barricades, hand or mechanical signals, or stop logs. If possible, the grade should be away from the excavation.

(4) Exposure to Vehicular Traffic:

(a) Employees exposed to vehicular traffic shall be provided with, and shall wear;

warning vests or other suitable garments marked with or made of reflective or high-visibility material. Warning vests worn by flagmen must be red or orange and be of reflective material.

(E) Hazardous Atmospheres:

(1) Where oxygen deficiency (atmospheres containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen) or a hazardous atmosphere exists or could reasonably be expected to exist, such as excavations in landfill areas or excavations in areas where hazardous substances are stored nearby, the atmospheres in the excavation shall be tested before employees enter excavations greater than 5 feet (1.22m) in depth.

(2) Employees shall not enter an excavation containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen and other hazardous atmospheres above the Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) levels.

(3) Adequate protection shall be taken such as providing ventilation, to prevent employee exposure to an atmosphere containing flammable gas in excess of 20 percent of the lower flammable limit of the gas.

(4) When controls are used to mitigate IDLH atmospheres, continuous monitoring shall be conducted to ensure that the atmosphere remains safe.

(F) Emergency Rescue Equipment:

(1) Emergency rescue equipment is required for all excavations that have a potential to contain an IDLH atmosphere. This equipment shall be attended when in use.

(2) Employees entering bell-bottom pier holes, or other similar deep and confined footing excavations, shall wear a harness with a lifeline securely attached to it. The lifeline shall be separate from any line used to handle materials and shall always be individually attended while the employee wearing the lifeline is in the excavation.

(G) Protection from Hazards Associated with Water Accumulation:

(1) Employees shall not work in excavations in which there is accumulated water, or in excavations in which water is accumulating, unless adequate precautions have been taken to protect employees against the hazards posed by water accumulation. The precautions necessary to protect employees adequately vary with each situation but could include special support or shield systems to protect from cave-ins, water removal to control the level of accumulating water, or use of a safety harness and lifeline.

(2) If water is controlled or prevented from accumulating using water removal equipment, the water removal equipment and operations shall be monitored by a competent person to ensure proper operation.

(3) If excavation work interrupts the natural drainage of surface water (such as streams), diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitable means shall be used to prevent surface water from entering the excavation and to provide adequate drainage of the area adjacent to the excavation. Excavations subject to runoff from heavy rain will require an inspection by a competent person and compliance to appropriate sections above.

(H) Stability of Adjacent Structures:

(1) Where the stability of adjoining buildings, walls, or other structures is endangered by excavation operations, support systems such as shoring, bracing, or underpinning shall be provided to ensure the stability of such structures for the protection of employees.

(2) Excavation below the level of the base or footing of any foundation or retaining wall that could be reasonably expected to pose a hazard to employees shall not be permitted except when:

(a) A support system such as underpinning is provided to ensure the safety of employees and the stability of the structure; or

(b) The excavation is in stable rock; or

(c) A registered professional engineer has approved the determination that the structure is sufficiently removed from the excavation so as to be unaffected by the excavation activity; or

(d) A registered professional engineer has approved the determination that such excavation work will not pose a hazard to employees.

(3) Sidewalks, pavements and appurtenant structures will not be undermined unless a support system or other method of protection is provided to protect employees from the possible collapse of such structures.

(4) Where review or approval of a support system by a registered professional engineer is required, the contractor will secure this review and approval in writing before the work is started. A copy of this approval must be provided to the COR.

(I) Protection of Employees from Loose Rock or Soil:

(1) Adequate protection must be provided to protect employees from loose rock or soil that could pose a hazard by falling or rolling from an excavation face. Such protection will consist of:

(a) Scaling to remove loose material;

(b) Installation of protective barricades at intervals as necessary on the face to stop and contain falling material; or

(c) Other means that provide equivalent protection.

(2) Protection shall be provided by placing and keeping excavated materials (spoils) or equipment at least 2 feet (0.61 m) from the edge of excavations, or by the use of retaining devices that are sufficient to prevent materials or equipment from falling or rolling into excavations, or by a combination of both if necessary.

(3) Materials and equipment may, as determined by the CP, need to be stored further than 2 feet from the edge of the excavation if a hazardous loading condition is created on the face of the excavation.

(J) Fall Protection:

(1) Barricades, walkways, lighting and posting shall be provided as necessary prior to the start of excavation operations.

(2) Guardrails, fences, or barricades shall be provided on excavations adjacent to walkways, driveways, and other pedestrian or vehicle thoroughfares. Warning lights or other illumination shall be maintained as necessary for the safety of the public and employees from sunset to sunrise.

(3) Wells, holes, pits, shafts, and all similar excavations shall be effectively barricaded or covered and posted as necessary to prevent unauthorized access. All temporary excavations of this type shall be backfilled as soon as possible.

(4) Walkways or bridges protected by standard guardrails shall be provided where employees and the general public are permitted to cross over excavations. Where workers in the excavation may pass under these walkways or bridges, a standard guardrail and toe board shall be used.

(K) Inspections:

(1) The contractor’s CP shall conduct daily inspections of excavations, adjacent areas, and protective systems for evidence of a situation that could result in possible cave-ins, indications of failure of protective systems, hazardous atmospheres, or other hazardous conditions. An inspection shall be conducted by the contractor’s CP prior to the start of work and as needed throughout the shift. Inspections shall also be made after every rainstorm or other hazard increasing occurrence. These inspections are required when employee exposure can be reasonably anticipated.

(2) The contractor’s CP shall maintain a written log of all inspections conducted. This log shall include the date, work site location, results of the inspection, and a summary of any action taken to correct existing hazards.

(3) The COR shall conduct periodic inspections to assure that inspection and safety requirements are being met.

(4) Where the COR or CP finds evidence of a situation that could result in a possible cave-in, indications of failure of protective systems, hazardous atmospheres, or other hazardous conditions, exposed employees shall be removed from the hazardous area until precautions have been taken to assure their safety.

NOTE: An inspection checklist is included in Appendix A

(L) Protective Systems:

(1) Trenching: Each employee in a trench or excavation shall be protected from cave-ins by either adequate sloping or benching or an adequate support or protective system.

(2) Possible exceptions to the use of sloping or benching or an adequate support or protective system are limited to excavations made in stable rock; or excavations less than five feet in depth where examination of the ground by a CP provides no indication of a potential cave-in.

(3) Protective systems (sloping and benching configurations and support and protective systems) shall be capable of resisting all loads that could reasonably be expected to be applied to the system.

(4) The slope and configuration of sloping and benching systems must be selected and constructed by the contractor CP in accordance with the requirements of Appendix B, Sloping and Benching of the OSHA Excavation Standard for the Construction Industry.

(5) Excavations will be sloped at an angle not steeper than one and one-half horizontal to one vertical (34 degrees measured from the horizontal) unless the CP uses other allowable options in accordance with the OSHA Excavation Standard. Slopes specified in this paragraph shall be excavated to form configurations that are in accordance with the slopes for Type C soil.

(6) Maximum allowable slopes and allowable configurations for sloping and benching systems are otherwise determined by Soil Analysis and Classification. The Contractor CP is responsible for ensuring that proper soil classification is conducted. The VA COR will verify that classification is accomplished prior to starting any trenching or excavation operation. All excavations will be in type C soils unless a certified lab proves otherwise.

(7) The design of sloping or benching systems may be selected constructed in accordance with tabulated data such as tables and charts. The tabulated data used must be in written form and include all the following:

(a) Identification of the factors that affect the selection of a sloping or benching system;

(b) Identification of the limits of use of the data, including the maximum height and the angle of the slopes determined to be safe;

(c) Other information needed by the user to make correct selection of a protective system.

(d) A copy of the tabulated data that identifies the registered professional engineer who approved the data must be maintained at the jobsite during construction of the protective system. After that time the data may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy of the data must be made available to COR upon request.

(8) Sloping and benching systems not utilizing above options must be approved by a registered professional engineer.

(9) Designs shall be in written form and must include at least the following:

(a) The maximum height and angle of the slopes that were determined to be safe for the particular project;

(b) The name and credentials of the registered professional engineer approving the design. At least one copy of the design must be maintained at the jobsite while the slope is being constructed and while the area is occupied. After that time, the design need not be at the jobsite, but a copy must be made available to the COR upon request.

(10) Employees shall not be permitted to work above other employees on the faces of sloped or benched systems except when employees at the lower levels are protected from the hazard of falling, rolling, or sliding material or equipment.

(11) Design of timber shoring in trenches must be made in accordance with the requirements of Appendix C of the OSHA Excavation Standard for the Construction Industry.

Design of aluminum hydraulic shoring must be in accordance with either of manufacturer's tabulated data or in accordance with Appendix D of the OSHA Excavation Standard for the Construction Industry.

(12) Support systems, shield systems, or other protective systems drawn from manufacturer's tabulated data shall be constructed and used in accordance with all specifications, recommendations, and limitations issued or made by the manufacturer.

(a) Deviation from the specifications, recommendations, and limitations issued or made by the manufacturer shall only be allowed after the manufacturer issues specific written approval.

(b) Manufacturer's specifications, recommendations, and limitations, and manufacturer's approval to deviate from the specifications, recommendations, and limitations shall be kept in written form at the jobsite during construction of the protective system. After that time this data may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy shall be made available to the COR upon request.

(13) Designs using other tabulated data shall be in written form and include all of the following:

(a) Identification of the factors that affect the selection of a protective system drawn from such data;

(b) Identification of the limits of use of the data;

(c) Information needed by the user to make a correct selection of a protective system from the data.

(d) At least one copy of the tabulated data, which identifies the registered professional engineer who approved the data, shall be maintained at the jobsite during construction of the protective system. After that time the data may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy of the data shall be made available to the COR upon request.

(14) Design by a registered professional engineer:

(a) Designs shall be in written form and shall include the following:

1 A plan indicating the sizes, types, and configurations of the materials to be used in the protective system; and the identity of the registered professional engineer approving the design.

2 At least one copy of the design shall be maintained at the jobsite during construction of the protective system. After that time, the design may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy of the design shall be made available to the COR upon request.

(15) Materials and Equipment:

(a) Materials and equipment used for protective systems shall be free from damage or defects that might affect their proper function.

(b) Manufactured materials and equipment used for protective systems shall be used and maintained in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer, and in a manner that will prevent employee exposure to hazards

5. DEFINITIONS

A. Access: safe access and egress to all excavations, including ladders, steps, ramps, or other safe means of exit are required for employees working in trench excavations 4 feet (1.22 meters) or deeper. These devices must be located within 25 feet (7.6 meters) of all workers.

B. Benching (Benching System): a method of protecting employees from cave-ins by excavating the sides of an excavation to form one or a series of horizontal levels or steps, usually with vertical or near-vertical surfaces between levels.

C. Competent Person (CP): a competent person is an individual who can identify existing and potential hazards or working conditions that are hazardous, unsanitary, or dangerous to workers. This person shall be competent in determining soil types and protective systems required for those types. Lastly, the CP is authorized to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate the hazards and conditions

D. Excavation: any man-made cut, cavity, trench or depression in an earth surface, formed by earth removal.

E. Faces (or Sides): the vertical or inclined earth surfaces formed as a result of excavation work.

F. Hazardous Atmosphere: an atmosphere that has the potential to be immediately dangerous to life and health by exhibiting any of the following properties: explosive, flammable, poisonous, corrosive, oxidizing, irritating, oxygen deficient, toxic or engulfment.

G. Shield: protects workers by using trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent soil cave-ins. Shields can be permanent structures (i.e. job built with timbers) or can be designed to be portable and moved along as work progresses.

H. Shoring: a structure (such as a metal, hydraulic, mechanical or timber shoring system) that supports the sides of an excavation and that is designed to prevent cave-ins.

I. Sloping: a method of protecting employees from cave-ins by excavating to form sides that are inclined away from the excavation. The angle of incline required to prevent a cave-in varies with differences in factors, such as the soil type, environmental conditions of exposure and application of surcharge loads (i.e. spoil pile).

J. Soil Type: Soil is categorized by three factors (1) soil classification, (2) length of opening and (3) level of vibration. All soil located on the VASLCHCS is classified as either Type B or C soil. If the soil has been previously disturbed it is reclassified to the next lower level.

K. Trench (Trench Excavation): a narrow excavation (in relation to its length) made below the surface of the ground. In general, the depth of a trench is greater than the width, but the width, measured at the bottom, is not greater than 15 feet.

6. REFERENCES:

A. 29 CFR 1926.650; Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart

B. 29 CFR 1926.651; Specific excavation requirements

C. 29 CFR 1926.652; Requirements for protective systems

D. OSHA Technical Manual (OTM) Section V: Chapter 2, Excavations: Hazard Recognition in Trenching and Shoring.

7. ATTACHMENTS:

Attachment A: Daily Excavation Checklist Attachment B: Maximum Allowable Slopes and Slope Configurations Attachment C: Trenching and Excavation Permit

8. RESCISSION:

Memorandum 00Q.44, “Excavation Safety Program”, dated June 23, 2017.

9. RECERTIFICATION:

This MCP is scheduled for recertification on or before the last working day of August 2025. This MCP will continue to serve as local policy until it is recertified or rescinded.

In the event of contradiction with national policy, the national policy supersedes and controls.

10. SIGNATORY AUTHORITY

Shella Stovall, MNA, RN George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center Director Date Approved: August 12, 2020

NOTE: The signature remains valid until rescinded by an appropriate administrative action.

ATTACHMENT A

Daily Excavation Checklist

(To be completed by the CP)

Site Location:

Date: Time: CP:

Soil Type:

Soil Classification: Excavation Depth: Excavation Width:

Type Of Protective System Used:

Indicate for each item: YES - NO - or N/A for not applicable.

Provide date item last inspected if not required daily

1. General Inspection of Jobsite:

A. Excavations, adjacent areas, and protective systems inspected by a CP daily before the start of work.

B. CP has the authority to remove employees from the excavation immediately.

C. Surface encumbrances removed or supported.

D. Employees protected from loose rock or soil that could pose a hazard by falling or rolling into the excavation.

E. Hard hats worn by all employees F. Spoils, materials, and equipment set back at least two feet from the edge of the excavation.

G. Barriers provided at all remotely located excavations, wells, pits, shafts, etc.

H. Walkways and bridges over excavations six feet or more in depth are equipped with standard guardrails and toe boards (fall protection).

I. Warning vests or other highly visible clothing provided and worn by all employees exposed to public vehicular traffic.

J. Warning system established and utilized when mobile equipment is operating near the edge of the excavation.

K. Employees are required to stand away from any vehicle being loaded or unloaded.

L. Employees are not permitted underneath loads handled by lifting or digging equipment.

M. Employees prohibited from working on the faces of slopes or benched excavations above other employees.

2. Utilities:

A. Utility companies contacted and/or utilities located.

B. Exact location of utilities marked.

C. Underground installations protected, supported, or removed when excavation is open.

3. Means of Access and Egress:

A. Lateral travel to means of egress no greater than 25 feet in excavations four feet or more in depth.

B. Ladders used in excavations secured and extended three feet above the edge trench.

C. Structural ramps used by employees designed by a CP.

D. Structural ramps used for equipment designed by a registered professional Engineer (RPE).

E. Ramps constructed of materials of uniform thickness, cleated together on the bottom, equipped with no-slip surface.

F. Employees protected from cave-ins when entering or exiting the excavation.

4. Wet Conditions:

A. Precautions take to protect employees from the accumulation of water.

B. Water removal equipment monitored by a CP.

C. Surface water or runoff diverted or controlled to prevent accumulation in the excavation.

D. Inspections made after every rainstorm or other hazard-increasing occurrence.

5. Hazardous Atmosphere:

A. Atmosphere within the excavation tested where there is a reasonable possibility of an oxygen deficiency, combustible or other harmful contaminant exposing employees to a hazard.

B. Adequate precautions taken to protect employees from exposure to an atmosphere containing less than 19.5% oxygen and/or to other hazardous atmospheres.

C. Ventilation provided to prevent employee exposure to an atmosphere containing flammable gas in excess of 10% of the lower explosive limit of the gas.

D. Testing conducted often to ensure that the atmosphere remains safe.

E. Emergency equipment, such as breathing apparatus, safety harness and lifeline, and/or basket stretcher readily available where hazardous atmospheres could or do exist.

F. Employees trained to use personal protective and other rescue equipment.

G. Safety harness and lifeline used and individually attended when entering bell bottom or other deep confined excavations.

6. Support Systems:

A. Materials and/or equipment for support systems selected based on soil analysis, trench depth, and expected loads.

B. Materials and equipment used for protective systems inspected and in good condition.

C. Materials and equipment not in good condition have been removed from service.

D. Damaged materials and equipment used for protective systems inspected by a registered professional engineer (RPE) after repairs and before being placed back into service.

E. Protective systems installed without exposing employees to the hazards of cave-ins, collapses, or threat of being struck by materials or equipment.

F. Members of support system securely fastened to prevent failure.

G. Support systems provided in ensure stability of adjacent structures, buildings, roadways, sidewalks, walls, etc.

H. Excavations below the level of the base or footing supported, approved by an

RPE.

I. Removal of support systems progresses from the bottom and members are released slowly as to note any indication of possible failure.

J. Backfilling progresses with removal of support system.

K. Excavation of material to a level no greater than two feet below the bottom of the support system and only if the system is designed to support the loads calculated for the full depth.

L. Shield system placed to prevent lateral movement.

M. Employees are prohibited from remaining in shield system during vertical movement.

Corrective Action and Comments

Signature of CP/COR Date

Printed name of CP/COR

One copy shall be provided for both the contractor conducting the work and COR (VASLCHCS)

ATTACHMENT B

(a) Scope and application - (1) Scope. This appendix describes a method of classifying soil and rock deposits based on site and environmental conditions, and on the structure and composition of the earth deposits. The appendix contains definitions, sets forth requirements, and describes acceptable visual and manual tests for use in classifying soils.

(2) Application. This appendix applies when a sloping or benching system is designed in accordance with the requirements set forth in 1926.652(b) (2) as a method of protection for employees from cave-ins. This appendix also applies when timber shoring for excavations is designed as a method of protection from cave-ins in accordance with appendix C to subpart P of part 1926, and when aluminum hydraulic shoring is designed in accordance with appendix D.

This Appendix also applies if other protective systems are designed and selected for use from data prepared in accordance with the requirements set forth in 1926.652(c), and the use of the data is predicated on the use of the soil classification system set forth in this appendix.

(b) Definitions. The definitions and examples given below are based on, in whole or in part, the following; American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Standards D653-85 and D2488; The Unified Soils Classification System; The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Textural Classification Scheme; and The National Bureau of Standards Report BSS-121.

"Cemented soil" means a soil in which the particles are held together by a chemical agent, such as calcium carbonate, such that a hand-size sample cannot be crushed into powder or individual soil particles by finger pressure.

"Cohesive soil" means clay (fine grained soil), or soil with a high clay content, which has cohesive strength. Cohesive soil does not crumble, can be excavated with vertical side slopes, and is plastic when moist. Cohesive soil is hard to break up when dry and exhibits significant cohesion when submerged.

Cohesive soils include clayey silt, sandy clay, silty clay, clay and organic clay.

Soil classification system means, for the purpose of this subpart, a method of categorizing soil and rock deposits in a hierarchy of Stable Rock, Type A, Type B, and Type C, in decreasing order of stability. The categories are determined based on an analysis of the properties and performance characteristics of the deposits and the characteristics of the deposits and the environmental conditions of exposure. Since neither Stable Rock nor

Type A soil is not located at the VASLCHCS campus and will not be referenced in this attachment.

Type B means:

(i) Cohesive soil with an unconfined compressive strength greater than 0.5 tsf (48 kPa) but less than 1.5 tsf (144 kPa); or

(ii) Granular cohesion less soils including angular gravel (similar to crushed rock), silt, silt loam, sandy loam and, in some cases, silty clay loam and sandy clay loam.

(iii) Previously disturbed soils except those which would otherwise be classed as Type C soil.

(iv) Soil that meets the unconfined compressive strength or cementation requirements for Type A, but is fissured or subject to vibration; or

(v) Dry rock that is not stable; or

(vi) Material that is part of a sloped, layered system where the layers dip into the excavation on a slope less steep than four horizontals to one vertical (4H:1V), but only if the material would otherwise be classified as Type B.

Type C means:

(i) Cohesive soil with an unconfined compressive strength of 0.5 tsf (48 kPa) or less; or

(ii) Granular soils including gravel, sand, and loamy sand; or

(iii) Submerged soil or soil from which water is freely seeping; or

(iv) Submerged rock that is not stable, or

(v) Material in a sloped, layered system where the layers dip into the excavation or a slope of four horizontal to one vertical (4H:1V) or steeper.

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SLOPES

Soil or Rock Type Maximum Allowable Slopes(H:V)1 for

Excavations Less Than 20 Feet Deep2

Type B 1:1 (45º) Type C 1 ½:1 (34º)

1 Numbers shown in parentheses next to maximum allowable slopes are angles expressed in degrees from the horizontal. Angles have been rounded off.

2 Sloping or benching for excavations greater than 20‘deep shall be designed by a registered professional engineer.

Slope Configurations (All slopes stated below are in the horizontal to vertical ratio)

1. Excavations Made in Type B Soil

a. All simple slope excavations 20 feet or less in depth shall have a maximum allowable slope of 1:1.

SIMPLE SLOPE

b. All benched excavations 20 feet or less in depth shall have a maximum allowable slope of 1:1 and maximum bench dimensions as follows:

SINGLE BENCH

MULTIPLE

BENCH

c. All excavations 20 feet or less in depth which have vertically sided lower portions shall be shielded or supported to a height at least 18 inches above the top of the vertical side. All such excavations shall have a maximum allowable slope of 1:1.

VERTICALLY SIDED LOWER PORTION

d. All other sloped excavations shall be in accordance with the other options permitted in § 1926.652(b).

2. Excavations Made in Type C Soil

a. All simple slope excavations 20 feet or less in depth shall have a maximum allowable slope of 1½:1.

SIMPLE SLOPE

b. All excavations 20 feet or less in depth which have vertically sided lower portions shall be shielded or supported to a height at least 18 inches above the top of the vertical side. All such excavations shall have a maximum allowable slope of 1½:1.

VERTICAL SIDED LOWER PORTION

3. All other sloped excavations shall be in accordance with the other options permitted in §

B-1.4 Excavations Made in Layered Soils

1. All excavations 20 feet or less in depth made in layered soils shall have a maximum allowable slope for each layer as set forth below.

COVER B

2. All other sloped excavations shall be in accordance with the other options permitted in §

"Layered system" means two or more distinctly different soil or rock types arranged in layers. Micaceous seams or weakened planes in rock or shale are considered layered.

Attachment C

TRENCHING AND EXCAVATION PERMIT

Permit Issued to: ___________________________ __________________________________ Service/Contractor Printed name Signature/Date

Permit Issued by: ___________________________ __________________________________ Printed name Signature/Date

Date:____________ Job Location:___________________________________________

Inspection Item Yes/No Comment Competent Person Identified?

Surface encumbrances protected?

Spoils pile set back 2 feet?

Access/egress to trench to limit travel 25 feet?

If no, ladders are required.

Area barricaded or protected?

Soils Analysis Completed? Type B ____ Type C ____

Protective System: if 5’ or deeper Shoring ____ Benching ____

Sloping ____ Shielding ____

Type B Soil: 1H:1V ____

Type C Soil: 1½H:1V ____

Utilities Located and marked?

Potential for hazardous atmosphere? If yes, Confined Space evaluation needed.

Potential for engulfment? If yes, Confined Space evaluation needed.

Note: Daily checklist required when excavation activities in the same location exceed 24 hrs.

Date received: _________________ Safety Office signature: _______________

EXCAVATION SAFETY PROGRAM POLICY

1. POLICY

2. JUSTIFICATION

3. RESPONSIBILITIES

4. PROCEDURES

8. RESCISSION:

10. SIGNATORY AUTHORITY

01-01-21

02 65 00 - 1

SECTION 02 65 00

UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK REMOVAL

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Removing and disposal of underground storage tank (UST) liquid contents.

2. Removing, cleaning, and disposing UST.

3. Testing and removing contaminated soils.

4. Backfilling and restoring excavation areas.

1.2 RELATED WORK

A. Section 01 45 29, TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES: Laboratory Services.

B. Section 02 41 00, DEMOLITION: Demolition Exposing UST.

C. Section 31 20 11, EARTHWORK (SHORT FORM): UST Removal Excavation.

D. Section 31 20 11, EARTHWORK (SHORT FORM): Excavation Backfilling.

E. Section 32 12 16, ASPHALT PAVING:

1.3 PRICE AND PAYMENT PROCEDURES

A. Differing Site Conditions: Extent of excavation and restoration for UST removal indicated on drawings and extent of additional soils sampling and testing specified in this section are estimated. Variations less than 5 percent change are not cause for contract price and time adjustments. Additional work will be paid by unit prices as directed by

Contracting Officer's Representative.

1.4 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. Comply with references to extent specified in this section.

B. American Petroleum Institute (API):

1. 1604-96(R2010) - Closure of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks.

2. 2217A-09 - Safe Work in Inert Confined Spaces in the Petroleum and

Petrochemical Industries.

3. 2015-14 - Safe Entry and Cleaning of Petroleum Storage Tanks.

C. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR):

1. 40 CFR Part 280 - Underground Storage Tanks; Technical Requirements.

2. 49 CFR Part 178 - Specifications for Packagings.

D. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA):

02 65 00 - 2

1. SW-846 - Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods.

1.5 PRE-REMOVAL MEETINGS

A. Conduct pre-removal meeting at project site minimum 30 days before beginning work of this section.

1. Required Participants:

a. Contracting Officer's Representative.

b. VA Subject Matter Expert

c. VA Project Manager

d. Contractor (Utah Certified UST Consultant).

e. UST removal contractor (Utah Certified UST Remover).

2. Meeting Agenda: Distribute agenda to participants minimum 3 days before meeting.

a. Removal schedule.

b. Removal sequence.

c. Preparatory work.

d. Contaminated material containment and disposal.

e. Removal.

f. Inspecting and testing.

g. Other items affecting successful completion.

3. Document and distribute meeting minutes to participants to record decisions affecting UST removal/closure.

1.6 SUBMITTALS

A. Submittal Procedures: Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND SAMPLES.

B. Notice of intent to close UST.

C. Test Reports: Submit laboratory analytical reports.

1. UST liquid contents analysis.

2. UST interior environment analysis.

3. Soil sample analysis.

D. Qualifications: Substantiate qualifications comply with specifications.

1. UST removal contractor.

2. Testing laboratory.

3. Liquid disposal facility.

4. UST and associated piping/equipment disposal facility.

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5. Soil disposal facility.

E. UST removal plan.

F. Record Documents:

1. Six copies of Final UST Closure Report.

2. Record Drawings in electronic computer-aided design (CAD) file format showing:

a. Soil sample locations.

b. Detailed plan view.

c. Piping removal diagrams.

d. Control removal diagrams.

e. Component diagrams including tank removal procedure.

f. Detailed sequence of procedure.

3. Photographs of work in progress showing UST removal plan compliance.

4. Chain-of-custody documentation.

5. Disposal facility receipts, disposition reports, and non-hazardous waste manifests.

1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. UST Removal Contactor: Experienced contractor, registered or licensed by applicable state agency regulating UST removal.

B. Testing Laboratory: State certified independent testing laboratory experienced in hazardous waste liquid and soil testing.

C. Liquid Disposal Facility: State certified disposal facility qualified to receive and dispose UST liquid contents.

D. UST Disposal Facility: State certified disposal facility qualified to receive and dispose UST(s).

E. Soil Disposal Facility: State certified disposal facility qualified to receive and dispose contaminated soils.

F. UST Removal Plan: Describe detailed procedures for:

1. Removing and disposing UST liquid content.

2. Removing, ventilating, cleaning and disposing UST.

3. Soil sampling and testing.

4. Removing and disposing contaminated soils.

G. UST Final Closure Report: Assemble work progress documentation showing removal plan compliance, including:

1. Sample test records.

2. Local Fire Marshal requirement.

3. State Agency requirements.

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4. Hazardous material plan for local VA management.

1.8 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Do not close or obstruct streets, sidewalks or drives without

Contracting Officer's Representative's approval.

1. Submit closure request minimum 60 days before starting work.

1.9 WARRANTY

A. Construction Warranty: FAR clause 52.246-21, "Warranty of

Construction."

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 ACCESSORIES

A. Waste Collection Drums: 49 CFR Part 178; Type 1A2, steel, removable head, 200 L (55 gallon) capacity, capable of containing waste without loss.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Coordinate demolition specified in Section 02 41 00, DEMOLITION required to access UST site.

3.2 UST CLOSURE SEQUENCE

A. Notify applicable State Agency minimum 30 days before UST closure.

B. Determine if contamination from UST is present.

C. When contamination exists, notify Contracting Officer's Representative and cooperate to record site with applicable State Agency and EPA.

D. Remove UST liquid contents, UST, and associated equipment (i.e., product lines, dispensers).

E. Remove contaminated soil.

F. Backfill excavated area.

G. Restore excavation surfaces.

3.3 UST CLOSURE

A. Conform to API 1604, 40 CFR Part 280, 29 CFR Part 1910, and

29 CFR Part 1926.

02 65 00 - 5

3.4 UST LIQUID CONTENTS REMOVAL

A. Collect, test, and analyze UST liquid content samples.

1. Identify individual constituents and concentrations.

2. Identify lower explosive limits for constituents in gaseous form.

3. Identify disposal facilities qualified to receive and process UST liquid contents (i.e., petroleum and/or petroleum contact water

[PCW]).

B. Remove UST liquid contents before removing UST.

1. Record liquid volume removed from UST.

C. Deliver UST liquid contents to disposal facility.

1. Obtain signed receipt including date, time, total liquid volume, and description of materials received.

2. Obtain final report of UST liquid contents disposition after disposal completion.

3.5 REMOVAL OF PIPING, ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT, AND UST

A. Excavate overburden and soils immediately surrounding UST as specified in Section 31 20 11, EARTHWORK (SHORT FORM).

1. Contain and cover excavated materials with 0.15 mm/6 mil polyethylene sheeting to prevent loss and mixing with other materials until completion of initial soil testing. Provide straw bale berm around the outer limits of the containment area and cover with polyethylene sheets. Secure edges of sheets to keep the polyethylene sheeting in place.

2. Disconnect all piping and ancillary equipment from the tank. Remove the piping completely (interior and exterior of the tank). Cap all tank ancillary equipment and piping connections, except those connections necessary to inert the tank within the excavation zone.

Clean the piping exterior and ancillary equipment to remove all soil and inspect for signs of corrosion and leakage. Ensure no spillage of the piping contents occurs. Remove the tank from the excavation and clean the exterior to remove all soil and inspect for signs of corrosion, structural damage, or leakage. Use only non-sparking type materials or equipment which comes into contact with the tank, or in the vicinity of the excavation such as shovels, slings and tools.

After removal from the excavation, place the tank on a level surface

[adjacent to the tank excavation] [at an approved location]and secure it with wood blocks to prevent movement.

02 65 00 - 6

B. Place UST on ground adjacent to removal location.

C. Secure UST before cleaning.

3.6 UST CLEANING

A. Measure combustible gas and oxygen concentrations within UST.

B. Ventilate UST interior to reduce combustible gas concentrations to maximum 10 percent of lower explosive limit and to provide 19.5 to 23.5 percent oxygen concentration.

1. Test UST interior atmosphere confirming gas concentrations.

2. Complete required ventilation before cleaning.

C. Cut ports in UST wall facilitating cleaning access. Comply with

API Standard 2217A and API Standard 2015 for UST entry.

D. Clean surface contaminates from UST and access port interior wall surfaces.

1. Contain removed materials without producing further contamination.

2. Collect removed materials in waste collection drums. Seal drums to prevent material loss.

E. Request UST inspection by Fire Marshal certifying completed UST cleaning.

F. Dismantle UST as required for transport to disposal facility.

G. Deliver UST, removed access ports, and waste collection drums to disposal facility.

1. Obtain signed receipt including date, time, quantity, and

2. Obtain final report of materials disposition after disposal completion.

3.7 SOIL TESTING

A. Collect appropriate amount of soil samples from UST excavation area after tank removal. Sampling requirements vary vastly from state to state. Designer should consult the latest state requirements for the appropriate sampling methods.

1. Collect appropriate amount of soil samples from the UST piping, fuel island/or dispensers, and soil stockpile. Testing requirements are dependent on regulations applicable to the locations where the tanks and piping are being removed. Verify number of tests required and

02 65 00 - 7 required location for each test. Containerize samples to prevent sample loss and preserve sample condition until tested.

2. Test and analyze samples for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, naphthalene (BTEXN), methyl-tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), purgeable gasoline-range(C6-C10) total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), and extractable diesel-range (C10-C28) TPH using Utah and USEPA-approved analytical methods. Samples shall also include Unified Soil

Classification (USC) samples, as required by Utah DEQ-DERR, and any other samples required to meet project requirements (including waste profile samples).

B. When soil testing reveals evidence of hydrocarbons at concentrations greater than permitted by applicable UAC R311 for uncontaminated soil used as fill material, collect appropriate amount of soil samples in accordance with applicable state agency.

1. Test and analyze samples as specified for initial samples.

2. Notify Contracting Officer's Representative when additional samples are contaminated.

3. The base price for volume between the final tank volume of material for the enclosure and the enclosure shall not to exceed 76 cubic meters (100 cubic yards) of soil removed. Any work beyond 76 cubic meters (100 cubic yards) and more than 6 test locations shall be considered extra and shall be based on unit pricing.

C. Perform additional soil sampling and testing around UST as directed by Contracting Officer's Representative until contamination concentration is less than permitted by applicable UAC R311 for uncontaminated soil used as fill material.

3.8 CONTAMINATED SOIL REMOVAL

A. Excavate contaminated materials as specified in Section 31 20 11, EARTHWORK (SHORT FORM).

B. Remove contaminated soil from site according to applicable UAC R311 requirements. Petroleum contaminated soil should be profiled, and analytical results provided to the landfill for their approval prior to transportation. Upon approval, the petroleum contaminated soil should be transported under non-hazardous waste manifest (if applicable).

C. Deliver contaminated soils to disposal or treatment facility.

02 65 00 - 8

1. Obtain signed receipt including date, time, quantity, and

2. Obtain final report of materials disposition after disposal completion.

3. Obtain a copy of each non-hazardous waste manifest.

3.9 UST EXCAVATION BACKFILL AND RESTORATION

A. Backfill excavation with fill materials and compact as specified in

Section 31 20 11, EARTHWORK (SHORT FORM).

B. Restore pavements, sidewalks, and curbs matching adjacent materials as specified in Section 32 05 23, CEMENT AND CONCRETE FOR EXTERIOR

IMPROVEMENTS Section 32 12 16, ASPHALT PAVING.

3.10 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Field Tests: Performed by testing laboratory specified in Section

01 45 29, TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES.

B. Perform sampling and testing for the following:

1. UST liquid contents.

2. UST interior environment.

3. Soils contamination.

C. Record chain-of-custody for samples until disposal.

3.11 PROTECTION

A. Protect restored areas from traffic and construction operations.

B. Repair damage.

- - - E N D - - -

SECTION 02 65 00 UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK REMOVAL

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

1.2 RELATED WORK

1.3 PRICE AND PAYMENT PROCEDURES

1.4 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

1.5 PRE-REMOVAL MEETINGS

1.6 SUBMITTALS

1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.8 FIELD CONDITIONS

1.9 WARRANTY

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 ACCESSORIES

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

3.2 UST CLOSURE SEQUENCE

3.3 UST CLOSURE

3.4 UST LIQUID CONTENTS REMOVAL

3.5 REMOVAL OF PIPING, ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT, AND UST

3.6 UST CLEANING

3.7 SOIL TESTING

3.8 CONTAMINATED SOIL REMOVAL

3.9 UST EXCAVATION BACKFILL AND RESTORATION

3.10 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.11 PROTECTION

UTAH UST PROGRAM

TEMPORARY CLOSURE NOTICE (REVISED 12/05)

FACILITY ID#

State Use Only Date Received Date Processed by

Temporary Closure Notice prepared at the request of the owner/operator (identified below) by of…