Attach-4-Rough Carpentry.pdf

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 1 of 11

DIVISION 06 SECTION 06 10 00

WOOD, PLASTICS & COMPOSITES ROUGH CARPENTRY

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced.

The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION (AF&PA)

AF&PA T10 (2001) Wood Frame Construction Manual for One-and Two-Family Dwellings

AF&PA T101 (2001) National Design Specification (NDS)for Wood Construction

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF TIMBER CONSTRUCTION (AITC)

AITC OT-01 (2004) Timber Construction Manual

AMERICAN LUMBER STANDARDS COMMITTEE (ALSC)

ALSC PS 20 (1970) American Softwood Lumber Standard

AMERICAN WOOD-PRESERVERS' ASSOCIATION (AWPA)

AWPA C1 (2003) All Timber Products - Preservative

Treatment by Pressure Processes

AWPA C2 (2003) Lumber, Timber, Bridge Ties and Mine Ties

- Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes

AWPA C28 (2003) Standard for Preservative Treatment of

Structural Glued Laminated Members and Lamination Before Gluing of Southern Pine, Coastal Douglas Fir, Hemfir and Western Hemlock by Pressure Processes

AWPA C9 (2003) Plywood - Preservative Treatment by

Pressure Processes

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 2 of 11

AWPA M2 (2001) Standard for Inspection of Treated Wood Products

AWPA M6 (1996) Brands Used on Forest Products

AWPA P5 (2005) Standard for Waterborne Preservatives

AWPA T1 (2004; R 2005) Use Category System: Processing and Treatment Standard

AWPA U1 (2004; R 2005) Use Category System: User Specification for Treated Wood

APA - THE ENGINEERED WOOD ASSOCIATION (APA)

APA E30 (2005) Engineered Wood Construction Guide

ASME INTERNATIONAL (ASME)

ASME B18.2.1 (1996; Addenda A 1999; Errata 2003; R 2005)

Square and Hex Bolts and Screws (Inch Series)

ASME B18.2.2 (1987; R 2005) Standard for Square and Hex Nuts (Inch Series)

ASME B18.5.2.1M (2006) Metric Round Head Short Square Neck

Bolts

ASME B18.5.2.2M (1982; R 2005) Metric Round Head Square Neck Bolts

ASME B18.6.1 (1981; R 1997) Wood Screws (Inch Series)

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM A 307 (2007a) Standard Specification for Carbon Steel

Bolts and Studs, 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength

ASTM A 687 (1993) Standard Specification for High-Strength Nonheaded Steel Bolts and Studs

ASTM D 143

ASTM D 1435 (2005) Standard Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 3 of 11

ASTM D 1972 (1997; R 2005) Standard Practice for Generic Marking of Plastic Products

ASTM D 198 (2005a) Standard Test Methods of Static Tests of

Lumber in Structural Sizes

ASTM D 4761 (2005) Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Base Structural Materials

ASTM F 1667 (2005) Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes, and

Staples

ASTM F 547 (2006) Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials

INTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL (ICC)

ICC IBC (2003) International Building Code

TRUSS PLATE INSTITUTE (TPI)

TPI 1 (2002) National Design Standard for Metal Plate

Connected Wood Truss Construction; Commentary and Appendices

TPI HIB (1994) Commentary and Recommendations for

Handling, Installing and Bracing Metal Plate Connected Wood Trusses

U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)

CID A-A-1923 (Rev A; Notice 1) Shield, Expansion (Lag, Machine and Externally Threaded Wedge Bolt Anchors)

CID A-A-1924 (Rev A; Notice 1) Shield, Expansion (Self Drilling Tubular Expansion Shell Bolt Anchors

CID A-A-1925 (Rev A; Notice 1) Shield Expansion (Nail Anchors)

FS FF-B-588 (Rev E) Bolt, Toggle: and Expansion Sleeve, Screw

FS FF-T-1813 (Basic) Tack

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 4 of 11

1.2 SUBMITTALS

The following shall be submitted to the Contracting Officer for approval:

Shop Drawings

Trussed rafters

Trussed joists

Drawings of fabricated wood trusses, engineered wood joists and rafters, and other fabricated structural members indicating materials, shop fabrication, and field erection details; including methods of fastening.

Product Data

Composite Lumber

Submit documentation verifying that no urea-formaldehyde resins were used.

Test Reports

Preservative-treated lumber and plywood

Certificates

Preservative treatment

1.3 DELIVERY AND STORAGE

Deliver materials to the site in an undamaged condition. Store, protect, handle, and install prefabricated structural elements in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and as specified. Store materials off the ground to provide proper ventilation, with drainage to avoid standing water, and protection against ground moisture and dampness. Store materials with a moisture barrier at both the ground level and as a cover forming a well ventilated enclosure. Adhere to requirements for stacking, lifting, bracing, cutting, notching, and special fastening requirements.

Remove defective and damaged materials and provide new materials. Store separated reusable wood waste convenient to cutting station and area of work.

1.4 GRADING AND MARKING

1.4.1 Preservative-Treated Lumber and Plywood

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 5 of 11

The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality of treated wood products. Each treated piece shall be inspected in accordance with AWPA M2 and permanently marked or branded, by the producer, in accordance with AWPA M6. The Contractor shall provide Contracting Officer's Representative (COR) with the inspection report of an approved independent inspection agency that offered products comply with applicable AWPA Standards. The appropriate Quality Mark on each piece will be accepted, in lieu of inspection reports, as evidence of compliance with applicable AWPA treatment standards.

1.4.2 Composite Lumber

Label composite products to be incorporated into the project in accordance with ASTM D 1972, or provide product data indicating polymeric information in the Operation and Maintenance Manual.

a. Type 1: Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE).

b. Type 2: High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).

c. Type 3: Vinyl (Polyvinyl Chloride or PVC).

d. Type 4: Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE).

e. Type 5: Polypropylene (PP).

f. Type 6: Polystyrene (PS).

g. Type 7: Other. Use of this code indicates that the package in question is made with a resin other than the six listed above, or is made of more than one resin listed above, and used in a multi-layer combination.

1.5 SIZES AND SURFACING

ALSC PS 20 for dressed sizes of yard and structural lumber. Lumber shall be surfaced four sides. Size references, unless otherwise specified, are nominal sizes, and actual sizes shall be within manufacturing tolerances allowed by the standard under which the product is produced. Other measurements are IP or SI standard.

1.6 MOISTURE CONTENT

Air-dry or kiln-dry lumber. Kiln-dry treated lumber after treatment. Maximum moisture content of wood products shall be as follows at the time of delivery to the job site:

a. Framing lumber and boards - 19 percent maximum

b. Timbers 5 inches and thicker - 25 percent maximum

c. Materials other than lumber - Moisture content shall be in accordance with standard under which the product is produced

1.7 PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 6 of 11

Treat wood products with waterborne wood preservatives conforming to AWPA P5.

Pressure treatment of wood products shall conform to the requirements of AWPA U1 and AWPA T1. Pressure-treated wood products shall not contain arsenic, chromium, or other agents classified as carcinogenic, probably carcinogenic, or possibly carcinogenic to humans (compounds in Groups 1, 2A, or 2B) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. Pressure-treated wood products shall not exceed the limits of the U.S. EPA's Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), and shall not be classified as hazardous waste. Submit certification from treating plant stating chemicals and process used and net amount of preservatives retained are in conformance with specified standards. lumber and timber in accordance with AWPA C1 and AWPA C2, and plywood in accordance with AWPA C1 and AWPA C9. Treat structural glued laminated timber in accordance with AWPA C1 and AWPA C28.

a. 0.25 pcf intended for above ground use.

b. 0.40 pcf intended for ground contact and fresh water use. 0.60 pcf intended for Ammoniacal Copper Quaternary Compound (ACQ)-treated foundations. 0.80 to 1.00 pcf intended for ACQ-treated pilings. All wood shall be air or kiln dried after treatment. Specific treatments shall be verified by the report of an approved independent inspection agency, or the AWPA Quality Mark on each piece. Minimize cutting and avoid breathing sawdust.

Brush coat areas that are cut or drilled after treatment with either the same preservative used in the treatment or with a 2 percent copper naphthenate solution. All lumber shall be preservative treated. Composite lumber shall not be preservative treated.

1.8 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.8.1 Composite Lumber Performance

Composite lumber intended for use in exterior applications shall have no fading or discoloration and no change in dimensional stability as tested in accordance with ASTM D 1435 for a period of 5 years.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

2.1.1 Composite Lumber

Wood thermoplastic composite lumber (WTPL) made from 50 percent wood fiber, 50 percent polyethylene by weight. The allowable design values of the WTPL shall be as given below. Deck boards shall be capable of supporting a 100 psf uniform load when supported at a maximum spacing of 16 inches.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 7 of 11

ASTM

STANDARD PROPERTY

ALLOWABLE DESIGN VALUES (psi) (Maximum 3-inch

Thickness) 2x2 Baluster HS24 ASTM D 4761 Flexural stress 250 600 375 ASTM D 198 Tension 250 350 250

ASTM D 476-1 Modulus of elasticity 1.0 x 105 2.0 x 105 1.7 x 105 ASTM D 198 Compression parallel to grain 550 1,000 550 ASTM D 198 Compression perpendicular to grain 625 1,000 625 ASTM D 143 Shear 200 250 200

2.2 LUMBER

2.2.1 Structural Lumber

Any of the species and grades listed in AF&PA T101 that have allowable unit stresses in pounds per square inch (psi) not less than 1,200 Fb, 700 Ft, 780 Fc, with 1,200,000 E. Use for joists, decking, rafters, headers, trusses, beams, columns, posts, stair stringers, and girders. Structural lumber exposed to view shall be appearance grade of any species meeting the allowable unit stresses specified. Design of members and fastenings shall conform to AITC OT-01.

2.3 PLYWOOD, STRUCTURAL-USE

2.3.1 Roof Sheathing

2.3.1.1 Plywood

C-D Grade, Treated, Exposure 1. FSC-certified. Provide exterior grade particleboard with phenol resin for exterior applications.

2.4 OTHER MATERIALS

2.4.1 Trussed Rafters

Metal plate connected trusses designed in accordance with TPI 1 and TPI HIB and fabricated in accordance with TPI 1.

2.4.2 Trussed Joists

Metal plate connected parallel chord wood trusses designed and fabricated in accordance with TPI 1.

2.5 ROUGH HARDWARE

Unless otherwise indicated or specified, rough hardware shall be of the type and size necessary for the project requirements. Sizes, types, and spacing of fastenings of manufactured building materials shall be as recommended by the product

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 8 of 11 manufacturer unless otherwise indicated or specified. Rough hardware exposed to the weather or embedded in or in contact with preservative treated wood, exterior masonry, or concrete walls or slabs shall be zinc-coated.

2.5.1 Bolts, Nuts, Studs, and Rivets

ASME B18.2.1, ASME B18.5.2.1M, ASME B18.5.2.2M, ASME B18.2.2, and ASTM A 687.

2.5.2 Anchor Bolts

ASTM A 307, size as indicated, complete with nuts and washers.

2.5.3 Expansion Shields

CID A-A-1923, CID A-A-1924, and CID A-A-1925. Except as shown otherwise, maximum size of devices shall be 3/8 inch.

2.5.4 Lag Screws and Lag Bolts

ASME B18.2.1.

2.5.5 Toggle Bolts

FS FF-B-588.

2.5.6 Wood Screws

ASME B18.6.1.

2.5.7 Nails

ASTM F 547, size and type best suited for purpose. In general, 8-penny or larger nails shall be used for nailing through 1 inch thick lumber and for toe nailing 1-1/2 inch thick lumber; 16-penny or larger nails shall be used for nailing through 1-1/2 inch thick lumber. Nails used with treated lumber and sheathing shall be galvanized. Nailing shall be in accordance with the recommended nailing schedule contained in AF&PA T10. Where detailed nailing requirements are not specified, nail size and spacing shall be sufficient to develop an adequate strength for the connection. The connection's strength shall be verified against the nail capacity tables in AF&PA T101.

Reasonable judgment backed by experience shall ensure that the designed connection will not cause the wood to split. If a load situation exceeds a reasonable limit for nails, a specialized connector shall be used.

2.5.8 Wire Nails

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 9 of 11

ASTM F 1667.

2.5.9 Tacks

FS FF-T-1813.

2.5.10 Timber Connectors

Unless otherwise specified, timber connectors shall be as indicated on the drawings.

2.5.11 Clip Angles

Steel, size as indicated; or zinc-coated steel.

2.5.12 Joist Hangers

Steel or iron, zinc coated, sized to fit the supported member, of sufficient strength to develop the full strength of the supported member in accordance with ICC IBC, and furnished complete with any special nails required.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

Select lumber sizes to minimize waste. Fit framing lumber and other rough carpentry, set accurately to the required lines and levels, and secure in place in a rigid manner.

Space composite lumber boards as necessary to allow for lengthwise expansion and contraction. Do not splice framing members between bearing points. Set joists, rafters, and purlins with their crown edge up. Provide adequate support as appropriate to the application, climate, and modulus of elasticity of the product.

Provide as necessary for the proper completion of the work all framing members not indicated or specified. Spiking and nailing not indicated or specified otherwise shall be in accordance with the Nailing Schedule contained in ICC IBC; perform bolting in an approved manner. Spikes, nails, and bolts shall be drawn up tight. Install composite lumber with screws or bolts; if nails are used, use ring shank or spiral shank nails.

3.1.1 Anchors in Concrete

Embed anchor bolts not less than 8 inches in poured concrete and provide each with a nut and a 2 inch diameter washer at bottom end. A bent end may be substituted for the nut and washer; bend shall be not less than 90 degrees. Powder-actuated fasteners spaced 3 feet o.c. may be provided in lieu of bolts for single thickness plates on concrete.

3.1.2 Beams and Girders

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 10 of 11

Set beams and girders level and in alignment and anchor as indicated.

3.1.3 Roof Framing or Rafters

Tops of supports or rafters shall form a true plane. Valley, ridge, and hip members shall be of depth equal to cut on rafters where practicable, but in no case less than depth of rafters and nominally 2 inches thick. Rafters shall be notched and have full and solid bearing on plates. Valleys, hips, and ridges shall be straight and true intersections of roof planes. Necessary crickets and watersheds shall be formed.

Rafters, except hip and valley rafters, shall be bolted by angles. Rafters shall be toe-nailed to ridge, valley, or hip members with at least three 8-penny nails. Rafters shall be braced to prevent movement until permanent bracing, decking or sheathing is installed. Hip and valley rafters shall be secured to wall plates by clip angles.

Openings in roof shall be framed with headers and trimmers. Unless otherwise indicated, headers carrying more than two rafters and trimmers supporting headers carrying more than one rafter shall be double. Hip rafters longer than the available lumber shall be butt jointed and scabbed. Valley rafters longer than the available lumber shall be double, with pieces lapped not less than 4 feet and well spiked together. Trussed rafters shall be installed in accordance with TPI HIB. Engineered wood joists shall be installed in accordance with distributor's instructions.

3.1.4 Columns and Posts

Set columns and posts, plumb, in alignment, and with full and uniform bearing. Do not embed the bottom and bearing surfaces of posts or columns in concrete or set in direct contact with concrete slabs on grade.

3.1.5 Trusses

Metal plate connected wood trusses shall be handled, erected, and braced in accordance with TPI HIB and as indicated.

3.1.6 Plywood Roof Sheathing

Install with the grain of the outer plies or long dimension at right angles to supports.

Stagger end joints and locate over the centerlines of supports. Allow 1/8 inch spacing at panel ends and 1/4 inch at panel edges. Nail panels with 8-penny common nails or 6-penny annular rings or screw-type nails spaced 6 inches o.c. at supported edges and 12 inches o.c. at intermediate bearings. Do not use staples in roof sheathing.

Where the support spacing exceeds the maximum span for an unsupported edge, provide adequate blocking, tongue-and-groove edges, or panel edge clips, in accordance with APA E30.

3.1.7 Stair Framing

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Piedmont NWR Page 11 of 11

Cut carriages to exact shape required to receive treads and risers, with risers of uniform height and treads of uniform width. Provide trimmers, nailers, and blocking as required to support finish materials.

3.1.8 Composite Lumber

In conjunction with above requirements, follow manufacturer's recommendations for composite lumber installation, including requirements for structural support, thermal movement, working, fastening, and finishing. Use standard woodworking tools, including carbide tips, coarse saw blades, and routers with aggressive cutters. Follow manufacturer's recommendations for repair by melting.

3.2 MISCELLANEOUS

3.2.1 Wood Blocking

Provide proper sizes and shapes at proper locations for the installation and attachment of wood and other finish materials, fixtures, equipment, and items indicated or specified.

3.2.2 Bridging

Wood bridging shall have ends accurately bevel-cut to afford firm contact and shall be nailed at each end with two nails. Metal bridging shall be installed as recommended by the manufacturer. The lower ends of bridging shall be driven up tight and secured after subflooring or roof sheathing has been laid and partition framing installed.

3.3 INSTALLATION OF TIMBER CONNECTORS

Installation of timber connectors shall conform to applicable requirements of AF&PA T101.

3.4 ERECTION TOLERANCES

a. Framing members shall be within the following limits:

(1) Plates and runners: 1/4 inch in 8 feet from a straight line;

(2) Face of framing members: 1/4 inch in 8 feet from a true plane.

End of Section