Appendix 2 - AR 95-1 Flight Regulations.pdf

UNCLASSIFIED

Army Regulation 95 – 1

Aviation

Flight Regulations

Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC 22 March 2018

SUMMARY of CHANGE

AR 95 – 1

Flight Regulations

This major revision, dated 22 March 2018— o Aligns Commanding General, U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence as the force modernization proponent for aviation in accordance with AR 5 – 22 (para 1 – 22).

o Designates Commander, Aviation and Missile Command responsibility for standardization of aircraft operator’s manuals, checklists, and test flight manuals (para 1 – 23).

o Clarifies prohibitions from performing crew duties (para 2 – 3).

o Updates definitions and clarifies logging of aircrew duties, mission, and flight condition, removes seat position, and incorporates the provisions of AR 600 – 106 (para 2 – 6).

o Mandates Centralized Aviation Flight Records System monthly synchronization to a central server (para 2 – 8).

o Clarifies policy for unmanned aircraft system airspace integration into the National Airspace System and supersedes Army Directive 2012 – 02 (paras 2–9f, 2–10d, 5–2c(5)).

o Clarifies seats out operations and incorporates medical evacuation litter requirements (para 2 – 15).

o Moves configuration management from chapter 6 (para 2 – 17).

o Updates operational support airlift requirements (chap 3, sec II).

o Updates personnel authorized orientation flights (para 3 – 4).

o Adds the Directorate of Evaluation and Standardization as the Aviation Branch lead agent for standardization, links the Directorate of Evaluation and Standardization to the Aviation Resource Management Survey program, and adds standardization communication as a method to clarify publications (chap 4).

o Deletes table of aircraft and compatibility synthetic flight training system (formerly table 4 – 1).

o Clarifies aircrew training program waiver and extensions with authorities (para 4 – 2).

o Updates process and approval authority for aircraft qualification and additional aircraft qualification (para 4 – 6).

o Updates emergency procedure training and clarifies authorization to conduct touchdown maneuvers (para 4 – 8).

o Changes commander’s investigation period to 14 days (para 4 – 10).

o Specifies Directorate of Simulation as accreditation authority for flight training devices used to complete training and evaluation requirements (para 4 – 11).

o Clarifies currency requirements (para 4 – 16).

o Adds standardization pilot qualification requirement (para 4 – 26).

o Changes maintenance examiner qualification requirement (par 4 – 28).

o Adds flight surgeon requirements (para 4 – 30).

o Establishes U.S. Army Forces Command as the Aviation Resource Management Survey program lead agency (para 4 – 41).

o Renames Senior Leaders Conference to Aviation Senior Leaders Forum (para 4-42).

o Deletes redundant Global Positioning System/area navigation information integrated into Federal Aviation Administration and Department of Defense policy (chap 5).

o Moves cockpit voice recorder and flight data recorder from chapter 8 and updates flight information publication requirements (para 5 – 1).

o Deletes aircraft equipment category II approach requirements (formerly table 5 – 3).

o Authorizes unmanned aircraft systems to conduct instrument flight rules flight (para 5 – 4).

o Updates emergency Global Positioning System recovery requirements (para 5 – 6).

o Adds electronic flight bag requirements (para 5 – 7).

o Updates aviation combat assessment program (chap 6, sec II).

o Updates protective clothing requirements (para 8 – 8).

o Moves tactical operations seats out operations to chapter 2 (formerly para 8 – 10).

o Updates authorities to approve nonstandard aircraft (para 9 – 2).

o Corrects multiple changes in flight hour programming (chap 10).

o Adds guidance for small unmanned aircraft systems utilization (app D).

o Establishes guidance for Soldier Borne Sensor utilization (app E).

o Integrates AR 95 – 23 and manned and unmanned aircraft systems requirements into a sole source document and uses the terms aviator (or pilot) and operator to delineate between rated aviators and unmanned aircraft systems operators.

The term crewmember can be used to infer some/all rated and nonrated personnel that perform flight duties (throughout).

o Updates references, addresses, and organizations (throughout).

*This regulation supersedes AR 95-1, dated 11 March 2014; AR 95-23, dated 7 August 2006; and AD 2012-02 dated 13 January 2012.

AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018

UNCLASSIFIED

i

Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC

*Army Regulation 95 – 1

22 March 2018 Effective 22 April 2018 Aviation

Flight Regulations

History. This publication is a major revi-sion.

Summary. This regulation covers manned/unmanned aircraft operations, crew requirements, and flight rules. It also covers Army aviation general provisions, training, standardization, and management of aviation resources. The term aircraft and aircrew member will be considered synon-ymous and include both manned and un-manned requirements. Where there are dif-ferences, they will be annotated and clari-fied.

Applicability. This regulation applies to the Regular Army, the Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and the U.S. Army Reserve unless otherwise stated. Also, it applies to persons involved in the operation, aviation training, standardization, and maintenance of such aircraft and systems including aircraft on loan, lease, and bailment to the Army, the Army National Guard, and the U.S. Army Reserve. During mobilization, the propo-nent may modify chapters and policies con-tained in this regulation.

Proponent and exception authority.

The proponent of this regulation is the Dep-uty Chief of Staff, G – 3/5/7. The proponent has the authority to approve exceptions or waivers to this regulation that are consistent with controlling law and regulations. The proponent may delegate this approval au-thority, in writing, to a division chief within the proponent agency or its direct reporting unit or field operating agency, in the grade of colonel or the civilian equivalent. Activ-ities may request a waiver to this regulation by providing justification that includes a full analysis of the expected benefits and must include formal review by the activ-ity’s senior legal officer. All waiver re-quests will be endorsed by the commander or senior leader of the requesting activity and forwarded through their higher head-quarters to the policy proponent. Refer to AR 25 – 30 for specific guidance.

Army internal control process. This regulation contains internal control provi-sions of AR 11 – 2 and identifies key internal evaluated controls (see app F).

Supplementation. Supplementation of this regulation and establishment of com-mand and local forms are prohibited with-out prior approval from the Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 3/5/7 (DAMO – AV), 400 Army Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310 – 0400.

Suggested improvements. Users are invited to send comments and suggested improvements on DA Form 2028 (Recom-mended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) directly to the Headquarters, De-partment of the Army, Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 3/5/7 (DAMO – AV), 400 Army Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310 – 0400.

Committee management. AR 15 – 39 requires the proponent to justify establish-ing/continuing committee(s), coordinate draft publications, and coordinate changes in committee status with the Office of the Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army, Analysis and Integration Cell (AAAI – CL), 105 Army Pentagon, Wash-ington, DC, 20310 – 0105. Further, if it is determined that an established "group" identified within this regulation later takes on the characteristics of a committee as found in AR 15 – 39, then the proponent will follow AR 15 – 39 requirements for estab-lishing and continuing the group as a com-mittee.

Distribution. This regulation is available in electronic media only and is intended for the Regular Army, the Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and the U.S. Army Reserve.

Contents (Listed by paragraph and page number)

Chapter 1 Introduction, page 1

Section I General, page 1 Purpose • 1 – 1, page 1 References • 1 – 2, page 1 Explanation of abbreviations and terms • 1 – 3, page 1 Responsibilities • 1 – 4, page 1 Internal control review evaluation • 1 – 5, page 1

Contents—Continued ii AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018

Deviations • 1 – 6, page 1 Waivers and delegation of authority • 1 – 7, page 1

Section II Responsibilities, page 2 Secretary of the Army • 1 – 8, page 2 Chief of Staff, Army or Vice Chief of Staff of the Army • 1 – 9, page 2 Assistant Secretary of the Army (Financial Management and Comptroller) • 1 – 10, page 2 Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army • 1 – 11, page 2 Office of the Chief of Public Affairs • 1 – 12, page 2 Chief, National Guard Bureau • 1 – 13, page 2 Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 3/5/7 • 1 – 14, page 2 Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 4 • 1 – 15, page 2 The Surgeon General • 1 – 16, page 3 Commanders of Army commands, Army service component commands, and direct reporting units • 1 – 17, page 3 Commanding General, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command • 1 – 18, page 3 Commanding General, U.S. Army Materiel Command • 1 – 19, page 3 Commander, U.S. Special Operations Command • 1 – 20, page 3 Commanding General, Army Test and Evaluation Command • 1 – 21, page 3 Commanding General, U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence • 1 – 22, page 3 Commander, Aviation and Missile Command • 1 – 23, page 4 Commander, Operational Support Airlift–Activity • 1 – 24, page 4

Chapter 2 Aviation Management, page 4 Personnel authorized to fly Army aircraft • 2 – 1, page 4 Personnel authorized to start, run-up, shutdown and taxi Army aircraft • 2 – 2, page 5 Personnel prohibited from performing Army aircrew duties • 2 – 3, page 5 Aviators restricted to limited cockpit duty (Manned) • 2 – 4, page 5 Aircrew and maintenance checklists • 2 – 5, page 6 Logging flying time • 2 – 6, page 6 Computation of flying time • 2 – 7, page 7 Individual flight records • 2 – 8, page 8 Use of airports, heliports, and other landing areas • 2 – 9, page 8 Local flying rules • 2 – 10, page 8 Special use airspace • 2 – 11, page 8 Aircraft lighting requirements • 2 – 12, page 8 Flight violations • 2 – 13, page 9 Mission approval process • 2 – 14, page 10 Seats out operations on Army aircraft (Manned) • 2 – 15, page 11 Noise abatement • 2 – 16, page 12 Configuration management • 2 – 17, page 12

Chapter 3 Operations and Safety, page 13

Section I Use of Army Aircraft, page 13 Use of Army aircraft, general • 3 – 1, page 13 Required use • 3 – 2, page 13 Operational use • 3 – 3, page 13 Special mission use • 3 – 4, page 14 Other official travel • 3 – 5, page 16 Prohibited missions • 3 – 6, page 16 Passenger policy • 3 – 7, page 16 Passenger restrictions • 3 – 8, page 17

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Section II Operational Support Airlift, page 17 Operational support airlift missions • 3 – 9, page 17 Operational support airlift management responsibilities • 3 – 10, page 17 Operational support airlift justification • 3 – 11, page 19 Operational support airlift procedures • 3 – 12, page 19 Operational support airlift data collection and use • 3 – 13, page 19

Section III Safety, page 20 Safety functions, mishap reports, investigations, and release of information • 3 – 14, page 20 Risk management • 3 – 15, page 20 Crew endurance • 3 – 16, page 20 Operational hazard reporting • 3 – 17, page 20

Section IV Aircraft Maintenance, page 20 Maintenance test flights and functional ground and flight checks • 3 – 18, page 20 Maintenance operational check • 3 – 19, page 20

Section V Army Aircraft Performance Records, page 21 Requests for performance records • 3 – 20, page 21 Purpose of performance records • 3 – 21, page 21

Chapter 4 Training, page 21

Section I Training Program and Literature, page 21 General • 4 – 1, page 21 Aircrew training program waivers and extensions • 4 – 2, page 21 Publications • 4 – 3, page 22 Aircrew information reading files • 4 – 4, page 22 Aircrew training program • 4 – 5, page 22 Aircraft qualification training • 4 – 6, page 22 Annual proficiency and readiness test • 4 – 7, page 23 Emergency procedures training • 4 – 8, page 23 Hands-on performance test • 4 – 9, page 24 Failure to meet the aircrew training program requirements • 4 – 10, page 25 Synthetic flight training system requirements • 4 – 11, page 26 Civilian flight time for Reserve Component personnel • 4 – 12, page 26 Aeromedical training • 4 – 13, page 27 Deck landing operations training • 4 – 14, page 27 Aircraft mission survivability training • 4 – 15, page 27 Currency • 4 – 16, page 27 Similar aircraft • 4 – 17, page 27

Section II Flight Crewmembers, page 27 Flight crews • 4 – 18, page 27 Pilot-in-command • 4 – 19, page 27 Air mission commander • 4 – 20, page 28 Pilot • 4 – 21, page 28 Co-pilot • 4 – 22, page 28 Unit trainer • 4 – 23, page 28 Instructor pilot • 4 – 24, page 28 iv AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018

Instrument examiner • 4 – 25, page 29 Standardization instructor pilot • 4 – 26, page 29 Maintenance test pilot and/or functional check pilot • 4 – 27, page 29 Maintenance test pilot evaluator • 4 – 28, page 30 Experimental test pilot • 4 – 29, page 30 Flight Surgeon • 4 – 30, page 30 Crew chief (Manned) • 4 – 31, page 30 Flight engineer • 4 – 32, page 30 Flight medic • 4 – 33, page 30 Crewmember flight instructor • 4 – 34, page 31 Crewmember standardization instructor • 4 – 35, page 31 Aircraft commander (Unmanned) • 4 – 36, page 31 Aircraft operator (Unmanned) • 4 – 37, page 31 Instructor operator (Unmanned) • 4 – 38, page 32 Standardization instructor operator • 4 – 39, page 32

Section III Standardization, page 32 Aviation standardization program • 4 – 40, page 32 Aviation Resource Management Survey • 4 – 41, page 32 U.S. Army Aviation Senior Leaders Forum • 4 – 42, page 33 Army command, Army service component command, direct reporting unit, and Army National Guard aviation standardi-zation committees • 4 – 43, page 33 Installation, theater, or Combat Aviation Brigade standardization committees • 4 – 44, page 33 U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence • 4 – 45, page 34

Chapter 5 Flight Procedures and Rules, page 34 General • 5 – 1, page 34 Preflight • 5 – 2, page 36 Departure procedures • 5 – 3, page 39 En route procedures • 5 – 4, page 40 Arrival procedures • 5 – 5, page 40 Emergency recovery procedures • 5 – 6, page 41 Electronic flight bag • 5 – 7, page 42

Chapter 6 Safety of Use, page 43

Section I Safety of Flight Message and Aviation Safety Action Message, page 43 General • 6 – 1, page 43 Authority • 6 – 2, page 43 Exceptions to provisions of safety message • 6 – 3, page 43

Section II The Army Aviation Combat Assessment Program, page 43 Objective • 6 – 4, page 43 Responsibilities • 6 – 5, page 43 Procedures • 6 – 6, page 44

Chapter 7 Weight and Balance, page 44 Weight and balance, general • 7 – 1, page 44 Weight and balance technicians • 7 – 2, page 45 Aircraft weight and balance classifications • 7 – 3, page 45 Aircraft weight and balance file • 7 – 4, page 45

AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018 v

Removal, addition, or relocation of aircraft equipment • 7 – 5, page 46 Reviewing weight and balance file • 7 – 6, page 46 Aircraft weighing • 7 – 7, page 46

Chapter 8 Aviation Life Support, page 47

Section I Aviation Life Support Systems, page 47 Aviation Life Support Systems, general • 8 – 1, page 47 System description • 8 – 2, page 48

Section II Aviation Life Support Equipment, page 48 Aviation life support equipment, general • 8 – 3, page 48 Authorization for aviation life support equipment • 8 – 4, page 48 Aircraft safety equipment • 8 – 5, page 48 Oxygen system (Manned) • 8 – 6, page 48 Parachute requirements (Manned) • 8 – 7, page 49 Protective clothing and equipment (Manned) • 8 – 8, page 49 Protective masks (Manned) • 8 – 9, page 49 Seat belts and restraints (Manned) • 8 – 10, page 49 Survival equipment (Manned) • 8 – 11, page 49

Section III Personnel and Training Requirements, page 50 Aviation life support equipment maintenance personnel • 8 – 12, page 50 Training of aviation life support equipment maintenance personnel • 8 – 13, page 50 Training for aircrews • 8 – 14, page 50

Section IV Aviation Life Support Equipment Maintenance Requirements (Manned), page 50 Maintenance requirements • 8 – 15, page 50 Inspection, maintenance, and repair • 8 – 16, page 51 Storage and work areas • 8 – 17, page 51

Chapter 9 Nonstandard Aircraft, page 51

Section I Acquisition and Use, page 51 Nonstandard aircraft acquisition and use, general • 9 – 1, page 51 Approval of nonstandard aircraft • 9 – 2, page 51 Logistical support • 9 – 3, page 52

Section II Training and Standardization, page 53 Waiver authority • 9 – 4, page 53 Technical publications • 9 – 5, page 53 Training and standardization publications • 9 – 6, page 53 Qualification training • 9 – 7, page 53 Flight evaluations • 9 – 8, page 53 Qualification requirements for instructor pilots/instructor operators • 9 – 9, page 53

Chapter 10 The Army Flying Hour Program, page 54 The Army flying hour program, general • 10 – 1, page 54 vi AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018

Development of flying hour program requirements • 10 – 2, page 54 Flying hour program management • 10 – 3, page 54

Appendixes

A. References, page 56

B. Risk Assessment Worksheets, page 61

C. Instructions for Completing Department of the Army Form 5484, page 63

D. Small Unmanned Aircraft System Utilization, page 64

E. Soldier Borne Sensor Utilization, page 66

F. Internal Control Evaluation, page 67

Table List

Table 5 – 1: Army visual flight rule weather minimums, page 38 Table 5 – 2: Required equipment, page 39 Table B – 1: Standard risk assessment matrix, page 62

Glossary

AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018 1

Chapter 1 Introduction

Section I General

1 – 1. Purpose This regulation establishes policy and procedures for Army manned/unmanned aircraft operations, flight rules, crew re-quirements, and general aviation provisions. It defines aircrew training and equipment requirements, standardization pro-grams, and management of aviation resources. Also, this regulation covers procedures for the safety of flight (SOF) mes-sages, aviation safety action messages (ASAMs), and other aviation safety processes.

1 – 2. References See appendix A.

1 – 3. Explanation of abbreviations and terms See the glossary.

1 – 4. Responsibilities See section II of this chapter.

1 – 5. Internal control review evaluation

a. The regulation that prescribes policy, standards, responsibilities, and accountability for establishing and maintaining effective internal controls is AR 11 – 2. It also provides guidelines for the execution of the Army Internal Control Program.

b. Appendix F is the appropriate internal control evaluation. The evaluation follows the guidance in AR 11 – 2. Specif-ically, it will—

(1) Test whether prescribed controls are in place, operational, and effective. Analytical techniques, such as statistical sampling, should be used when appropriate to conserve resources.

(2) Identify areas where additions or reductions to existing controls are needed.

(3) Select corrective actions when deficiencies have been found that can be corrected locally.

(4) Refer deficiencies that cannot be corrected locally to higher command levels for assistance in correcting.

(5) Provide support for the commander’s annual statement on how adequate internal controls are within the organiza-tion.

1 – 6. Deviations

a. Individuals may deviate from provisions of this regulation during emergencies.

b. Report deviations from the provisions of this regulation, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations, or host country regulations with the details of the incident directly to the unit commander. Report incidents within 24 hours after they occur.

c. Violations of Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the host country, and military aviation regulations will be treated per paragraph 2 – 13.

1 – 7. Waivers and delegation of authority

a. Authority to grant waivers is specified in the paragraphs of this regulation. Authority granted in this regulation to

Army command (ACOM), Army service component command (ASCC), direct reporting unit (DRU) commanders, and the Director, Army National Guard (DARNG) may be further delegated by that commander or component director, except when expressly prohibited. All other commanders may not further delegate waiver authority unless authorized in the spe-cific paragraph.

b. When waiver authority is not specified in specific paragraphs, waivers may be granted by the Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 3/5/7 (DAMO – AV), 400 Army Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310 – 0400. Waivers to provisions in chapters 2 and 7 only may be granted by the Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 4 (DALO – MPV), 500 Army Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310 – 0500.

2 AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018

Section II Responsibilities

1 – 8. Secretary of the Army The SECARMY or authorized representative, unless otherwise stated in this regulation, will reserve all authority and final approval for Army aviation and will be responsible for operational support airlift (OSA) management (see para 3–10a).

1 – 9. Chief of Staff, Army or Vice Chief of Staff of the Army The CSA or VCSA will approve Armywide grounding of a majority or an entire mission, type, design, and series fleet of aircraft (see chap 6).

1 – 10. Assistant Secretary of the Army (Financial Management and Comptroller) The ASA (FM&C) will prepare and publish Army cost comparison rates and Army aircraft reimbursement rates annually and provide cost analysis support to OSA management and other agencies on request (see para 3–10c).

1 – 11. Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army The AASA will provide policy guidance on the use of OSA aircraft, including Service Secretary Controlled Aircraft (SSCA) assigned to the U.S. Army Priority Airlift Detachment (see paras 3–10b and 3–10f).

1 – 12. Office of the Chief of Public Affairs Requests to engage in public demonstrations will be reported through channels to OCPA for transmittal to the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs (ATSD (PA)). ATSD (PA) will approve requests to engage in public demon-strations. Criteria for public events is outlined in AR 360 – 1.

1 – 13. Chief, National Guard Bureau On behalf of the CNGB, the DARNG will—

a. Support missions and establish procedures for OSA.

b. Retransmit SOF and ASAM messages (see chap 6).

c. Exercise responsibility for the safety and standardization of Army National Guard (ARNG) aviation by this regula-tion.

1 – 14. Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 3/5/7 The DCS, G – 3/5/7 will have staff responsibility for Army aviation, to include the following:

a. Selected waiver authority limited to those items referenced in paragraph 1 – 7.

b. Aviation operations and management (see chaps 2 and 3).

c. OSA, including—

(1) Establishing objective wartime requirements for OSA.

(2) Reviewing the continuing need for OSA aircraft inventory annually.

(3) Determining future OSA aircraft stationing and structure.

(4) Reporting Army OSA flying hour program (FHP) execution during the quarterly Program Performance and Budget

Execution Review and overseeing centralized scheduling for Army OSA except executive jet scheduling (see chap 3 for OSA procedures).

d. Headquarters, Department of the Army (HQDA)-level staff responsibility for aviation training and flight procedures (see chaps 4 and 5).

e. The exercise of final approval authority for deviations from the standard Army aircraft baseline configuration (see chap 3).

f. Aviation life support (see chap 8).

g. Nonstandard manned/unmanned aircraft (see chap 9).

h. The Army FHP (see chap 10).

i. The electronic flight bag (EFB) program (see chap 5).

1 – 15. Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 4 The DCS, G – 4 (DALO – MPV) will—

a. Have staff responsibility for SOF messages and ASAMs (see chap 6).

b. Have staff responsibility for weight and balance (see chap 7).

AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018 3

c. Develop policies and identify responsibilities for the Army Equipment Safety and Maintenance Notification System.

d. Serve as the Army staff proponent for the Army Equipment Safety and Maintenance Notification System.

e. Establish responsibility for developing an effective tracking and reporting system or method for appropriate feedback of safety and maintenance issues on fielded systems from the user to the combat and material developer and the U.S. Army Combat Readiness/Safety Center.

f. Coordinate, as applicable, with appropriate HQDA staff elements, all safety and maintenance messages.

g. Provide information on impacts to fleet readiness percentages by ACOMs, ASCCs, DRUs, or ARNG (data obtained from the Logistics Support Activity or weapon system program managers (PMs)).

h. Establish responsibility for an internal tracking system for all safety and maintenance messages that record ACOM, ASCC, DRU, or ARNG compliance.

i. Arbitrate conflicts during message generation through message issue and provide clear guidance.

1 – 16. The Surgeon General TSG will coordinate health hazard assessment and other medical and nonmedical aspects relating to Aviation Life Support Systems (ALSS) (see chap 8).

1 – 17. Commanders of Army commands, Army service component commands, and direct reporting units The commanders of ACOMs, ASCCs, and DRUs will—

a. Maintain individual flight records (see chap 2).

b. Oversee OSA (see chap 3).

c. Monitor the U.S. Army Aviation Standardization Program (see chap 4).

d. Oversee SOF and ASAMs (see chap 6).

e. Implement ALSS policies and procedures (see chap 8).

f. Be responsible for their nonstandard aircraft (see chap 9).

g. Manage and report their FHP (see chap 10).

1 – 18. Commanding General, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command The CG, TRADOC, in coordination with other HQDA agencies, will—

a. Develop and recommend the doctrine, concepts, material requirements, and organization of Army aviation elements.

b. Oversee the overall training of aviation weight and balance (see chap 7).

c. Develop training, standardization, and evaluation literature for aircrew training programs (ATPs) (see chap 4).

d. Oversee the doctrine, training, and material needs for ALSS (see chap 8).

1 – 19. Commanding General, U.S. Army Materiel Command The CG, AMC will—

a. Supervise the direction of overall command activities involving aviation weight and balance (see chap 7).

b. Serve as the Department of the Army (DA) point of contact for all aviation life support equipment (ALSE) manage-ment (see chap 8).

c. Designate Program Executive Office (PEO) Aviation to act as the platform configuration control manager of the aircraft under the supervision of their PMs (see chap 3).

1 – 20. Commander, U.S. Special Operations Command The Commander, USSOCOM will serve as the proponent responsible for the development of training and operational requirements for special purpose insertion and extraction operations such as Fast Rope Insertion Extraction System (FRIES), Special Patrol Insertion Extraction System (SPIES), and short tactical airborne operations (STABO) with the U.S. Special Operations Command acting as the lead agent for these operations.

1 – 21. Commanding General, Army Test and Evaluation Command The CG, ATEC will—

a. Serve as the DA point of contact for engineering and or experimental test pilot (XP) issues.

b. Assist the CG, U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence (USAACE) with the development of XP training and stand-ardization.

1 – 22. Commanding General, U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence The CG, USAACE will—

4 AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018

a. Be the agency for submitting changes to selected AR 95-series publications.

b. Be the DA preparing agency for aviation training and standardization literature.

c. Be the proponent agency for the U.S. Army Aviation Standardization Program (see chap 4).

d. Serve as the force modernization system proponent and chief of the Aviation Branch.

1 – 23. Commander, Aviation and Missile Command The Commander, AMCOM will—

a. Report SOF messages and/or ASAM conditions for issuance of SOF and ASAMs (see chap 6 and AR 750 – 6).

b. Be the technical proponent for all Army aviation weight and balance (see chap 7).

c. Designate PEO Aviation to serve as the overall configuration control manager of standard Army aircraft (see chap

3).

d. Designate CG, USAACE responsibility for standardization of aircraft operator’s (AO’s) manuals, checklists, and maintenance test flight (MTF) manuals provided to Army aviation crewmembers.

1 – 24. Commander, Operational Support Airlift–Activity The Commander, OSA – A will schedule Army requirements for support (see chap 3).

Chapter 2 Aviation Management

2 – 1. Personnel authorized to fly Army aircraft

a. The following personnel may fly Army aircraft/unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). Procedures for award of aeronau-tical designations are in AR 600 – 105 and AR 600 – 106.

(1) Army personnel who—

(a) Are active components and Reserve Components (RCs) part of the rated inventory or are rated acquisition corps officers with a pilot status code of 1 in a valid FA51*15Z position.

(b) Are UAS qualified operators serving in a valid table of distribution and allowances (TDA)/modified table of organ-ization and equipment (MTOE) position.

(c) Have completed qualification, training, evaluation, and currency requirements of this regulation (see chap 4) for the aircraft to be flown, or are performing duties per paragraphs 2 – 4 or 3–4b(2).

(2) Civilian employees of government agencies and government contractors who have satisfied all of the following:

(a) Appropriate certifications or ratings.

(b) Written authorization from the appropriate ACOM, ASCC, DRU commanders, or their delegated approval author-ity; the CG, USAACE for units assigned to USAACE; or the DARNG for ARNG units, U.S. Army Reserve (USAR) aviation support facilities, or their delegated approval authority.

(c) Completed qualification training, evaluation, and currency requirements of this regulation (see chap 4) and the pro-visions of AR 95 – 20 (for contractor personnel), the contract, and statement of work for the aircraft to be flown.

(3) Crewmembers in other U.S. services who—

(a) Are in rated aviation service.

(b) Have completed the qualification, training, evaluation, and currency requirements of their service per this regulation

(see chap 4) for the aircraft to be flown, or are performing duties under paragraph 3–4b(2).

(c) Have written authorization from their Service and the ACOM, ASCC, DRU commanders, or DARNG.

(4) Crewmembers of foreign services who—

(a) Have completed the course of instruction prescribed by their Service and have been awarded an aeronautical or

UAS designation as appropriate.

(b) Completed with qualification training, evaluation, and currency requirements of their service per this regulation

(see chap 4), for the aircraft to be flown, or are performing duties under paragraph 3-b(2).

(c) Have written authorization, including a disclaimer absolving the U.S. Government from liability (unless a disclaimer is included under the provisions of an approved exchange program) from their government. The appropriate host ACOM, ASCC, DRU, or ARNG must provide written authorization that will include, as a minimum, the purpose and duration of the authorization. If authorized to fly, they will be restricted from performing pilot-in-command (PC) or aircraft com-mander (AC) duties unless serving in approved exchange officer positions established specifically for flying purposes.

(5) Personnel listed in paragraphs 2–1a(1) through 2–1a(4) who are not qualified or current to operate the aircraft/UAS to be flown when receiving training or performing limited cockpit duties per paragraph 2 – 4 or pilot duties per paragraph

AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018 5

3–4b(2) must be directly supervised by an instructor pilot (IP), a standardization instructor pilot (SP), an instrument ex-aminer (IE), an instructor operator (IO), or a standardization instructor operator (SO), as appropriate, who is qualified and current in the aircraft/UAS being flown. The supervisory crewmember will be at one set of flight controls for manned aircraft or have immediate access to controls for UAS.

(6) Individuals receiving aviator/operator instruction authorized by approved program of instruction (POI). These peo-ple may operate Army aircraft/UAS as appropriate when training under an approved POI or ATP with instructors desig-nated by the USAACE, Directorate of Evaluation and Standardization (DES).

(7) Flight surgeons (FSs) or aeromedical physician assistants in aviation service when in an aircraft not requiring more than one pilot as a minimum crew. Also, an IP/SP must be at one set of flight controls.

(8) Officers that have not completed an HQDA approved UAS qualification course may perform payload operator (PO) duties. Personnel performing such duties will—

(a) Fly with an IO, qualified and current on that UAS, who is in a position to gain immediate access to the flight controls or console.

(b) Not operate lasers or weapon systems.

b. All Army aviators in aviation service per AR 600 – 105 must meet physical requirements of AR 40 – 501, regardless of assignment.

c. All personnel who hold the military occupational specialty (MOS) of a UAS operator or UAS operator qualified officers authorized to perform operator duties, will undergo and successfully satisfy the requirements of at least a class IV flight duty medical examination in AR 40 – 501 while authorized to perform crewmember duties. This requirement does not apply to group 1 UAS.

d. Procedures for award of aeronautical designations is in AR 600 – 105 and AR 600 – 106.

2 – 2. Personnel authorized to start, run-up, shutdown and taxi Army aircraft

a. The following personnel are authorized to start, run-up, and taxi fixed wing (FW) aircraft:

(1) Personnel listed in paragraphs 2–1a(1) through 2–1a(6).

(2) Other personnel who meet the requirements of paragraph 3 – 21.

b. The following personnel are authorized to start, run-up, and shutdown rotary wing (RW) aircraft:

(1) Personnel listed in paragraphs 2–1a(1) through 2–1a(6).

(2) Nonrated crewmembers may start, run-up, and shutdown nonstandard rotary wing aircraft provided they are trained by approved courses of instruction and are integrated by approved nonstandard technical, training, and standardization publications.

c. The following personnel are authorized to start, run-up, and shutdown (UAS) aircraft:

(1) Personnel authorized to fly or operate Army UASs listed in paragraphs 2–1a(1) through 2–1a(6).

(2) Personnel meeting UAS maintenance and operations check requirements of this regulation.

d. Contractor personnel operating per AR 95 – 20 are authorized to start, run-up, and shutdown aircraft under the provi-sions of the contract using procedures in the operator’s manual.

e. The chain of command must approve all aviation operations. Aviation operations are defined as any operation with the intent to start the main aircraft engines. Contractor aviation operations will be approved per AR 95 – 20.

2 – 3. Personnel prohibited from performing Army aircrew duties The following crewmembers are forbidden from performing Army aircrew duties:

a. Rated officers in nonoperational aviation positions, except per paragraphs 2 – 4 or 3–4b(2) and AR 570 – 4, or con-ducting assessment flight evaluations at U.S. Army Special Operations Aviation Command or U.S. Navy Test Pilot School.

b. All rated officers and crewmembers while attending nonflying courses of instruction.

c. Those disqualified, temporarily suspended, or whose aviation service status is administratively terminated (see AR

600 – 105 or AR 600 – 106).

d. Military aviators in an authorized leave status when employed by a contractor to serve as a crewmember.

e. Officers of other government agencies on terminal leave from that agency and employed by a contractor to act as a crewmember.

2 – 4. Aviators restricted to limited cockpit duty (Manned)

a. Aviators ranked O – 6 in nonoperational aviation positions and general officers who hold a U.S. military aeronautical designation may perform cockpit duties on a limited basis provided requirements specified in AR 570 – 4 are met. ATP requirements do not apply to officers performing duties per this paragraph. Officers performing such duties will—

(1) Maintain a current flight physical per AR 40 – 501.

(2) Fly with an IP/SP qualified and current in that particular aircraft at one set of the flight controls.

6 AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018

(3) Submit an annual request to the appropriate ACOM, ASCC, or DRU commander; head of Joint or Defense activity;

Director of the Army Staff; head of the Army Staff agency; or DARNG as appropriate for approval. Information copies of the approved request will be sent to the Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 1 (DAPE – PRP), 300 Army Pentagon, Washington DC 20310 – 0300; the Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 3/5/7 (DAMO – AV), 400 Army Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310 – 0400; and Human Resources Command (AHRC – OPA – V), 1600 Spearhead Division Avenue, Fort Knox, KY 40122 – 5407.

b. Other ATP, synthetic flight training system (SFTS), and annual proficiency and readiness test (APART) requirements do not apply to officers performing duties per this paragraph.

2 – 5. Aircrew and maintenance checklists

a. (Manned) The publications and forms required by DA Pam 738 – 751 will be on each aircraft.

b. (Unmanned) The publications and forms required by DA Pam 750 – 8 for all UAS-associated vehicles and ground support equipment and DA Pam 738 – 751 for UAS air vehicles and UAS support equipment will be physically present for review by each Soldier directly involved in the actual flight of the UAS before operations commence.

c. Operator and crewmember checklists will be used for preflight through before leaving aircraft checks. While air-borne, when time does not permit the utilization of the checklist or when its use would cause a safety hazard, required checks may be accomplished from memory.

d. Checklists and test flight manuals will be utilized while making operational maintenance checks, MTF, and preven-tive maintenance inspections.

e. Only DA approved operator’s manuals and checklists will be used, except as specified in paragraph 9 – 5.

2 – 6. Logging flying time An entry will be made on DA Form 2408 – 12 (Army Aviator’s Flight Record) for each flight in aircraft and flight simulators by all crewmembers indicating duties performed, mission, and flight condition.

a. Aircrew duty. Use the following symbols to record flight time in aircraft, UAS, and simulators as appropriate when qualified per chapter 4, section II of this regulation and for flights in the aircraft/UAS when designated on the DA Form 5484 (Mission Schedule/Brief) to perform the duties specified by the symbol. Crewmembers instructing or evaluating without access to the flight controls will use the symbol for the duty being performed.

(1) Rated officers.

(a) Pilot (PI).

(b) Co-pilot (CP). When briefed, this symbol may be used by more than one aviator performing duties.

(c) Pilot-in-command (PC). The PC will be designated on the DA Form 5484, and occupy a position with access to the flight controls. The symbols MP, ME, XP, UT, IE, IP, or SP may also be used to designate the PC. The PC or equivalent symbol will be logged by only one aviator at the controls except as indicated in paragraphs 2–6a(1)(d), 2–6a(1)(e), and 2– 6a(1)(i). While performing functional check pilot (FCP) duties, the PC symbol will be used for FCPs.

(d) Maintenance test pilot (MP). This symbol may be utilized by both aviators performing MP duties.

(e) Experimental test pilot (XP). This symbol may be used by both aviators on experimental test flights when assigned to a designated testing organization or activity and authorized by the DA Form 5484.

(f) Unit trainer (UT).

(g) Instrument examiner (IE). This symbol may be used by one aviator performing IE duties. The IE does not need to be the PC if performing duties at a station without access to the flight controls or when not qualified in the aircraft in which duties are performed.

(h) Instructor pilot (IP). This symbol may be used by one aviator performing IP duties. The IP does not need to be the PC if performing duties at a station without access to the flight controls.

(i) Maintenance test pilot evaluator (ME). This symbol may be used on functional test flights when training or evaluat-ing an MP/ME.

(j) Standardization instructor pilot (SP). This symbol may be used when training or evaluating an IP/SP. The SP does not need to be the PC if performing duties at a station without access to the flight controls.

(k) Flight surgeon (FS).

(2) Crewmember. The following symbols will be used to record flight time when qualified and designated on the DA

Form 5484 to perform the duties specified by the symbol.

(a) Crew chief (CE), aircraft mechanic.

(b) Flight engineer (FE).

(c) Flight medic (MO).

(d) (Manned/Unmanned) Unit trainer (UT).

(e) Crewmember flight instructor (FI). This symbol may be used by one crewmember performing FI duties.

AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018 7

(f) Crewmember standardization instructor (SI). This symbol may be used by one crewmember performing SI duties and only when evaluating an FI or SI.

(g) Door gunner (DG).

(h) Cabin attendant (CA).

(i) Equipment operator (EO).

(j) (Unmanned) Aircraft commander (AC). The AC will be designated on the DA Form 5484 and occupy a position with access to a set of controls. The symbols IO, SO, UT, or AC may be used to designate the commander of the aircraft.

One crewmember will only log the AC or equivalent symbol in a position to operate the aircraft or payload.

(k) (Unmanned) Aircraft operator (AO).

(l) (Unmanned) Payload operator (PO).

(m) (Unmanned) Instructor operator (IO). The IO does not need to be the AC if not performing duties as the AO/PO.

This symbol may be used by one crewmember performing IO duties.

(n) (Unmanned) Standardization instructor operator (SO). The SO does not need to be the AC if not performing duties as the AO/PO. This symbol may be used by one crewmember performing SO duties and only when evaluating an IO or

SO.

(3) Noncrewmembers. Personnel performing noncrewmember duties use the duty symbol OR to record flight time when qualified and designated on the DA Form 5484 to carry out the functions specified by the symbol. Noncrewmembers must take part in regular aerial flight while performing duties not meeting the requirement of rated or crewmember duty and as approved on the DA Form 5484. Noncrewmembers include aviation supervisors, aviation maintenance personnel, aeromedical physician assistant, and others specified in AR 600 – 106 and not performing other qualified aircrew duties.

b. Mission. Use the following symbols to identify flight mission:

(1) A – acceptance test flight.

(2) C – combat mission directly against the enemy within a designated combat zone.

(3) D – imminent danger applies when it is authorized per Department of Defense (DOD) Financial Management Reg-ulation (available at http://comptroller.defense.gov/fmr/fmrvolumes.aspx).

(4) F – MTF or functional check flights (FCFs).

(5) S – service missions, other than A, C, F, T, or experimental test flight.

(6) T – training flight for individual qualification, refresher, mission, or continuation training.

(7) X – experimental test flight.

c. Flight condition. Each crewmember will use only one of the following symbols to identify the condition or mode of flight for any period:

(1) Day (D). Between the hours of official sunrise and sunset.

(2) Hood (H). Simulated instrument meteorological conditions (IMC)—vision of the person flying the aircraft is artifi-cially limited from viewing the horizon or earth surface. Aircraft attitude must be controlled using aircraft instruments. An observer is required for all hooded flights.

(3) Night (N). Between the hours of official sunset and sunrise.

(4) Night goggles (NG). Night vision goggles used during the night to include the use of head up display.

(5) Night systems (NS). Night vision systems installed on aircraft used during the night; also logged when two or more devices are used simultaneously.

(6) Weather (W). Actual weather conditions that do not permit visual contact with the natural horizon or the earth’s surface. Aircraft attitude must be determined and controlled using aircraft instruments. This symbol will be used in the simulator when simulated weather conditions do not permit visual contact with the simulated horizon or earth’s surface.

(7) Day system (DS). Used by C – 37 or AH – 64 only when night vision system installed on the aircraft is used during the day. Back seat must be equipped with black out curtains.

2 – 7. Computation of flying time

a. (Manned) Flying time starts when an airplane begins to move forward on the takeoff roll or when a helicopter lifts off the ground. Flying time ends when the aircraft has landed, and the engines are stopped or the flying crew changes.

b. (Unmanned) Flying hour computation for the UAS may differ from that of the UAS operator’s due to the extended flight time capability. Flying time starts when an FW UAS begins to move forward on the takeoff roll (or takeoff launch for rail launch operations) or when a helicopter UAS lifts off the ground. Flying time ends when the unmanned aircraft has landed, and the engines are stopped or the flying crew changes, whichever comes first. Flying hour computation for the individual crewmembers will be logged only for that portion of the in-flight operations during which the operator is per-forming crew duty functions on the UAS and any of its mission or sensor systems.

http://comptroller.defense.gov/FMR/fmrvolumes.aspx

8 AR 95–1 • 22 March 2018

2 – 8. Individual flight records

a. Aviation personnel will hand carry their individual flight records folder (IFRF) and individual aircrew training folder

(IATF) between assignments. Individuals will present their records to the unit assigned or attached for ATP purposes within 14 calendar days after reporting for duty or placement on flying status orders per AR 600 – 106.

b. Commanders will maintain, close out, and distribute required individual flight records and individual aircrew training records for persons assigned or attached to their organization in accordance with TC 3 – 04.8.

c. Contractors will maintain records in accordance with AR 95 – 20 and approved procedures.

d. At a minimum, the unit flight records custodian will complete a synchronization with the Centralized Aviation Flight

Records System (CAFRS) central database for all rated and nonrated personnel no later than the 15th of each month.

e. When a Soldier separates, the flight records custodian will complete a synchronization to deactivate and permanently store all flight records data. A copy of the IFRF along with the IATF will be given to the Soldier.

2 – 9. Use of airports, heliports, and other landing areas

a. Aviators may operate Army aircraft at airports and heliports designated as military, federal government, or public use in DOD or U.S. Government flight information publications (FLIPs). Private, closed, or otherwise restricted airports and heliports will be used only with prior permission of appropriate authorities and if the facility is suitable for operations.

b. Commanders may authorize the use of temporary landing areas (other than airports or heliports) off military reser-vations and government-leased training areas. They must obtain approval of the landowner or the approving authority and comply with the landing area requirements of the state or host country. Commanders will consult with the appropriate Department of the Army representative (DAR) or host nation aviation agency (see AR 95 – 2).

c. The installation or field training exercise commander will set policies on the use of aircraft landing sites on military reservations and field training areas.

d. Aviators may select landing and takeoff areas when on life-saving missions or when the further flight is inadvisable.

e. Aviators should be aware that they may be charged for the use of private facilities on public airports. The PC should report unexpected airport fees to the chain of command.

f. UAS will operate in accordance with AR 95 – 2 and current FAA certificate of waiver or authorization and orders.

2 – 10. Local flying rules Installation or garrison commanders having Army aircraft assigned, attached, or tenant to their installation will prepare and publish local flying rules in coordination with the senior mission commander on the installation. Rules will include the use of tactical training and MTF areas, arrival and departure routes, and airspace restrictions as appropriate to help control air operations.

a. (Manned) Traffic pattern altitudes at Army airfields for airplanes should be 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL).

Helicopter traffic pattern altitudes should be at least 700 feet AGL.

b. Installation or garrison commanders may set different altitudes based on noise abatement, fly-neighborly policies, or other safety considerations. These will be displayed in flight operations and provided to the U.S. Army Aeronautical Ser-vices Agency (USAASA) for publication in the DOD and U.S. Government FLIP.

c. (Unmanned) Operations outside of special use airspace will be conducted in accordance with AR 95 – 2.

d. Requests for deviations from FAA Order 7610.4T to operate UASs outside of restricted areas are processed through the appropriate DAR for the specific FAA region.

2 – 11. Special use airspace

a. AR 95 – 2 sets Army policy and procedures for handling special use airspace matters.

b. Operations in special use airspace will be conducted per instructions in the CFR, DOD and U.S. Government FLIP, host nation procedures, letters of procedures, letters of agreements, FAA certificates of authorization, and local air traffic control (ATC) measures.

c. In designated combat zones, airspace use, control, and management will be conducted per JP 3 – 52, in accordance with FM 3 – 52. ATC services will be per FM 3 – 04.120.

d. Unless approval is granted in advance through the appropriate DAR, all UAS flights and/or operations will be con-ducted in the appropriate special use airspace, per AR 95 – 2.