SpecsRevisedAug23.docx

Table of Contents Table of Contents Preface 101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.01 Meaning of Terms

101.03 Abbreviations.

101.04 Definitions.

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract 102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract 103 - Scope of Work Deletions 104 - Control of Work Deletions

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

105 - Control of Material

105.02 Material Sources.

105.02(a) Government-provided sources.

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07 Delete

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims.

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work.

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties.

107.10 Environmental Protection.

108 - Prosecution and Progress 108 Delete.

109 - Measurement and Payment 109 Deletions

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions.

109.03 Weighing Procedures and Devices.

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts 155 Delete.

156 - Public Traffic 171 - Weed and Disease Prevention 204 - Excavation and Embankment………………………...……………………………… 303 - Road Reconditioning 324 - Minor Aggregate Courses – Commercial Source 703 - Aggregate

703.06 - Crushed Aggregate 718 - Traffic Signing and Marking Material

Preface Preface_wo_03_15_2004_m Delete all but the first paragraph and add the following:

The Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture has adopted FP-03 for construction of National Forest System Roads.

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions 101.00_nat_us_07_25_2005

101.01_nat_us_01_22_2009

101.01 Meaning of Terms

Delete all references to the TAR (Transportation Acquisition Regulations) in the specifications.

101.03_nat_us_06_16_2006

101.03 Abbreviations.

Add the following to (a) Acronyms:

AFPA

MSHA

NIST

NESC

WCLIB

American Forest and Paper Association Mine Safety and Health Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology National Electrical Safety Code West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau

Add the following to (b) SI symbols:

101.04_nat_us_03_29_2007

101.04 Definitions.

Delete the following definitions and substitute the following:

Bid Schedule--The Schedule of Items.

Bridge--No definition.

Contractor--The individual or legal entity contracting with the Government for performance of prescribed work. In a timber sale contract, the contractor is the “purchaser”.

Culvert--No definition.

Right-of-Way--A general term denoting (1) the privilege to pass over land in some particular line (including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) Real property necessary for the project, including roadway, buffer areas, access, and drainage areas.

Add the following:

Adjustment in Contract Price--“Equitable adjustment,” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or “construction cost adjustment,” as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Change--“Change” means “change order” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or “design change” as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Design Quantity--“Design quantity” is a Forest Service method of measurement from the FS-96 Forest Service Specifications for the Construction of Roads and Bridges. Under these FP specifications this term is replaced by the term “Contract Quantities”.

Forest Service--The United States of America, acting through the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Neat Line--A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excavation or structure.

Pioneer Road--Temporary construction access built along the route of the project.

Purchaser--The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation contracting with the Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and acting independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Protected Streamcourse--A drainage shown on the plans or timber sale area map that requires designated mitigation measures.

Road Order--An order affecting and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdiction. Road Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authorities of 36 CFR, part 260.

Schedule of Items--A schedule in the contract that contains a listing and description of construction items, quantities, units of measure, unit price, and amount.

Utilization Standards--The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in the specifications to determine merchantable timber.

Add Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms:

Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms.

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract 102.00_nat_us_02_16_2005 102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

Delete Section 102 in its entirety.

103 - Scope of Work 103.00_nat_us_02_16_2005 Deletions

Delete all but subsection 103.01 Intent of Contract.

104 - Control of Work 104.00_nat_us_06_16_2006 Deletions

Delete Sections 104.01, 104.02, and 104.04.

104.06_nat_us_02_17_2005 Add the following subsection:

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service for all activities necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limitations and authorizations designated in the Road Order(s) or described in the contract, when such use will not damage the roads or national forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

105 - Control of Material 105.02_nat_us_01_18_2007

105.02 Material Sources.

105.02(a) Government-provided sources.

Add the following:

Comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 56, subparts B and H. Use all suitable material for aggregate regardless of size unless otherwise designated. When required, re-establish vegetation in disturbed areas according to section 625.

105.05_nat_us_05_12_2004

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

Delete 105.05 (a) and (b) and the last sentence of the second paragraph and substitute the following:

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quantities required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. The Government is not obligated to make reimbursement for the cost of producing these materials.

106 - Acceptance of Work 106.07_nat_us_05_11_2004

106.07 Delete

Delete subsection 106.07.

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public 107.05_nat_us_05_11_2004

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.06_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work.

Delete the following from the first paragraph.

“except as provided in Subsection 106.07”.

107.09_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.10_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.10 Environmental Protection.

Add the following:

Design and locate equipment repair shops, stationary refueling sites, or other facilities to minimize the potential and impacts of hazardous material spills on Government land.

Before beginning any work, submit a Hazardous Spill Plan. List actions to be taken in the event of a spill. Incorporate preventive measures to be taken, such as the location of mobile refueling facilities, storage and handling of hazardous materials, and similar information. Immediately notify the CO of all hazardous material spills. Provide a written narrative report form no later than 24 hours after the initial report and include the following:

· Description of the item spilled (including identity, quantity, manifest number, and other identifying information).

· Whether amount spilled is EPA or state reportable, and if so whether it was reported, and to whom.

· Exact time and location of spill including a description of the area involved.

· Containment procedures.

· Summary of any communications the Contractor had with news media, Federal, state and local regulatory agencies and officials, or Forest Service officials.

· Description of clean-up procedures employed or to be employed at the site including final disposition and disposal location of spill residue.

When available provide copies of all spill related clean up and closure documentation and correspondence from regulatory agencies.

The Contractor is solely responsible for all spills or leaks that occur during the performance of this contract. Clean up spills or leaks to the satisfaction of the CO and in a manner that complies with Federal, state, and local laws and regulations.

108 - Prosecution and Progress 108.00_nat_us_02_16_2005 108 Delete.

Delete Section 108 in its entirety.

109 - Measurement and Payment 109.00_nat_us_02_17_2005 109 Deletions Delete the following entire subsections:

109.06 Pricing of Adjustments.

109.07 Eliminated Work.

109.08 Progress Payments.

109.09 Final Payment.

109.02_nat_us_06_16_2006

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions.

(b) Contract quantity.

Add the following:

Contract quantities will be adjusted only when there are errors in the original design of 15% or more.

Change the following:

“(b) Cubic yard” to “(c) Cubic yard”.

Add the following definition:

(p) Thousand Board Feet (Mbf). 1,000 board feet based on nominal widths, thickness, and extreme usable length of each piece of lumber or timber actually incorporated in the job. For glued laminated timber, 1,000 board feet based on actual width, thickness, and length of each piece actually incorporated in the job.

109.03_nat_us_03_29_2005

109.03 Weighing Procedures and Devices.

(c) Project weighing system.

Add the following:

For aggregates weighed for payment, adjust scale weights of material to deduct the daily average moisture content in excess of 2 percentage points over optimum moisture as determined by AASHTO T 99 or the designated compaction method. If moisture determination is necessary, determine the daily average moisture content in accordance with AASHTO T 255, from not less than three representative samples of aggregate taken at random intervals each day that aggregate is being weighed.

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts 155.00_nat_us_05_11_2004 155 Delete.

Delete Section 155 in its entirety.

156 - Public Traffic 156.00_nat_us_04_17_2007 Delete Section 156 in its entirety and replace with the following:

Description

156.01 This work consists of controlling and protecting public traffic adjacent to and within the project.

Material

156.02 Conform to the MUTCD and the following Sections and Subsections:

156.03 General. Unless otherwise provided for in Table 156-1, keep existing roads open to all traffic during road improvement work, and maintain them in a condition that will adequately accommodate traffic. Delays may not exceed 60 minutes at any one time followed by an open period of no less than 60 minutes.

Perform no work that interferes or conflicts with traffic or existing access to the roadway surface until a traffic control plan has been approved. Post construction signs and traffic control devices in conformance with MUTCD. All required signs will be in place and approved prior to beginning work on project.

If the Contractor agrees in writing to allow public traffic to use a new road being constructed prior to completion, it will be considered an existing road for traffic control purposes.

156.04 Temporary Traffic Control. Install and maintain temporary traffic control devices adjacent to and within the project as required by the approved traffic control plan and the MUTCD. Install and maintain traffic control devices as follows:

(a) Furnish and install traffic control devices before the start of construction operations.

(b) All detours outside of clearing limits will be approved in writing by the Contracting Officer as part of the traffic control plan.

(c) Install only those traffic control devices needed for each stage or phase.

(d) Relocate temporary traffic control devices as necessary.

(e) Remove devices that no longer apply to the existing conditions.

(f) Immediately replace any device that is lost, stolen, destroyed, or inoperative.

(g) Keep temporary traffic control devices clean.

(h) Remove all temporary traffic control devices upon contract completion or when approved.

(i) When required, use flaggers certified by the American Traffic Safety Services Association, the National Safety Council, the International Municipal Signal Association, a state agency, or other acceptable organization. Perform the work described under MUTCD Part 6. Use type III, VII, VIII, or IX retroreflective sheeting on flagger paddles. Do not use flags. Flaggers must wear high visibility safety apparel as required by MUTCD 6E.02.

156.05 Temporary Closures. Road segments may be closed as shown in Table 156-1. The maximum consecutive days of closure shall be followed by a minimum number of consecutive days open to traffic as shown. Maintain traffic control devices during closure period(s). Appropriate barricades and signs will be erected and maintained as shown in the traffic control plan or as otherwise designated.

Prior to closing roads during construction, give written notice to the Contracting Officer at least 10 days in advance.

Table 156-1 Temporary Road Closures

156.06 Acceptance. Public traffic work will be evaluated under Subsection 106.02.

Measurement and Payment

156.07 Do not measure Public Traffic for payment. Compensation is made as an indirect payment.

171 - Weed and Disease Prevention 171.00_nat_us_03_30_2005 Description

171.01 This work consists of washing and treating construction equipment to remove seeds, plants, and plant fragments from the equipment before the equipment is used on National Forest System lands.

Material

171.02 Conform to the following Subsection:

Water 725.01

Construction Requirements

171.03 General . Notify the CO in writing at least 15 days before moving any construction equipment onto National Forest System lands. Construction equipment does not include cars, pickup trucks, and other vehicles that regularly travel between the construction site and areas outside of National Forest System lands.

Perform all work at a location designated on the plans or other locations approved in writing. Provide the CO with an opportunity to monitor the washing and inspection.

171.04 Equipment. Use a high pressure washing system.

For work on National Forest System lands, use a washing system that traps all wash water and either stores it for removal from National Forest System lands or recycles the water for continued use. If the equipment recycles the water, provide adequate filters for seed removal. Dispose of the filter material and removed seeds in an approved manner. Do not mix soaps, detergents, or other chemicals with the wash water.

For work at a commercial washing facility, use an approved facility.

171.05 Washing. Wash the sides, tops, and undercarriages of all construction equipment. Remove all seeds, plants, plant fragments, dirt, and debris from the construction equipment.

171.06 Inspection. Inspect the washed construction equipment, including the undercarriage, to ensure that the washing removed the dirt, debris, and seeds from the construction equipment. Rewash the construction equipment as necessary or as directed.

171.07 Acceptance. Weed prevention will be evaluated under Subsection 106.02.

Measurement

171.08 Do not measure weed prevention for payment.

Payment

171.09 Include all costs associated with the Section 171-Weed Prevention in the unit price for Section 151-Mobilization.

204 - Excavation and Embankment 204.00_nat_us_03_26_2009

Replace Section 204 in its entirety with the following:

Description

204.01 This work consists of excavating material and constructing embankments. This includes furnishing, hauling, stockpiling, placing, disposing, sloping, shaping, compacting, and finishing earthen and rocky material.

204.02 Definitions.

(a) Excavation. Excavation consists of the following:

(1) Roadway excavation. All material excavated from within the right-of-way or easement areas, except subexcavation covered in (2) below and structure excavation covered in Sections 208 and 209. Roadway excavation includes all material encountered regardless of its nature or characteristics.

(2) Subexcavation. Material excavated from below subgrade elevation in cut sections or from below the original groundline in embankment sections. Subexcavation does not include the work required by Subsections 204.05, 204.06(b), and 204.06(c).

(3) Borrow excavation. Material used for embankment construction that is obtained from outside the roadway prism. Borrow excavation includes unclassified borrow, select borrow, and select topping.

(b) Embankment construction. Embankment construction consists of placing and compacting roadway or borrow excavation. This work includes:

(1) Preparing foundation for embankment;

(2) Constructing roadway embankments;

(3) Benching for side-hill embankments;

(4) Constructing dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms; and

(5) Backfilling subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions.

(c) Conserved topsoil. Excavated material conserved from the roadway excavation and embankment foundation areas that is suitable for growth of grass, cover crops, or native vegetation.

(d) Waste. Excess and unsuitable roadway excavation and subexcavation that cannot be used.

Material

204.03 Conform to the following Subsections:

Construction Requirements

204.04 Preparation for Roadway Excavation and Embankment Construction. Clear the area of vegetation and obstructions according to Sections 201 and 203.

204.05 Barrier Rocks.

General This item shall consist of collecting, hauling, and placing barrier rocks. They shall be placed and installed in conformity with the details as shown on the drawings or at the locations staked by the Contracting Officer.

Rock The rock used for this work shall be angular or rounded, sound, hard, and free from laminations, fractures, or other structural defects. They shall be of such quality that they will not disintegrate on exposure to water or weathering.

Protection of Trees and Vegetation - All work under this item shall be done in such a manner that trees and larger vegetation are not damaged.

Excavation - All barrier rock shall be placed according to site drawings or as staked by Contracting Officer. All excavated material 3 inches and smaller shall be used for backfill of barrier rock. All material not suitable for backfill shall be segregated, stockpiled, and disposed of on site. Excavation shall be of such size and depth that 30 to 50 percent by volume of the placed barrier rock is set below finished grade or natural ground as the specific location may dictate.

Placing of Rock Barriers - Rock barriers shall be placed according to spacing shown on drawings or as directed by the Contracting Officer. Fifty to 70 percent of rock volume shall be visible when work is complete.

Compaction - Accepted segregated backfill material used in placing the barrier rock shall be placed and compacted.

Cleanup and Excess Material Disposal - After the barrier rocks have been placed and the backfill completed, the general area shall be cleaned up by removing all debris and material not utilized.

Any excess excavated material that can be transported within the total project area and used in accordance with other project specifications will not be paid for separately.

204.06 Roadway Excavation. Excavate as follows:

(a) General. Do not disturb material and vegetation outside the construction limits.

Incorporate only suitable material into embankments. Replace any shortage of suitable material caused by premature disposal of roadway excavation. Dispose of unsuitable or excess excavation material according to Subsection 204.14.

At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the work area to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

Retrieve material deposited outside of the clearing limits as directed by the CO. Place unsuitable material in designated areas.

(b) Rock cuts. Blast rock according to Section 205. Excavate rock cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Backfill to subgrade with topping or with other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11

(c) Earth cuts. Scarify earth cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Compact the scarified material according to Subsection 204.11.

(d) Pioneer Roads. Road pioneering, slash disposal, and grubbing of stumps may proceed concurrently with excavation. Conduct excavation and placement operations so material to be treated under Section 201 will not be incorporated into the roadway unless specified in the slash treatment method. Maintain drainage during pioneering operations.

Remove snow and ice in advance of the work and deposit beyond the roadway limits in a manner that will not waste material or generate sediment. Do not incorporate snow and ice into embankments. Place snow or ice in a manner to prevent resource damage.

204.07 Subexcavation. Excavate material to the limits designated by the CO. Take cross-sections according to Section 152. Prevent unsuitable material from becoming mixed with the backfill. Dispose of unsuitable material according to Subsection 204.14. Backfill the subexcavation with topping, or other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11.

204.08 Borrow Excavation. Use all suitable roadway excavation in embankment construction. Do not use borrow excavation when it results in excess roadway excavation. Deduct excess borrow excavation from the appropriate borrow excavation quantity.

Obtain borrow source acceptance according to Subsection 105.02. Develop and restore borrow sources according to Subsection 105.03. Do not excavate beyond the established limits. When applicable, shape the borrow source to permit accurate measurements when excavation is complete.

204.09 Preparing Foundation for Embankment Construction. Prepare foundation for embankment construction as follows:

(a) Embankment less than 4 feet high over natural ground. When designated, remove topsoil and break up the ground surface to a minimum depth of 6 inches by plowing or scarifying. Compact the ground surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(b) Embankments over an existing asphalt, concrete, or gravel road surface. Scarify gravel roads to a minimum depth of 6 inches. Scarify or pulverize asphalt and concrete roads to 6 inches below the pavement. Reduce all particles to a maximum size of 6 inches and produce a uniform material. Compact the surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(c) Embankment across ground not capable of supporting equipment. Dump successive loads of embankment material in a uniformly distributed layer to construct the lower portion of the embankment. Limit the layer thickness to the minimum depth necessary to support the equipment.

(d) Embankment on an existing slope steeper than 1V:3H. Cut horizontal benches in the existing slope to a sufficient width to accommodate placement and compaction operations and equipment. Bench the slope as the embankment is placed and compacted in layers. Begin each bench at the intersection of the original ground and the vertical cut of the previous bench.

204.10 Embankment Construction. Incorporate only suitable roadway excavation material into the embankment. When the supply of suitable roadway excavation is exhausted, furnish unclassified borrow to complete the embankment. Obtain written approval before beginning construction of embankments over 6 feet high at subgrade centerline. Construct embankments as follows:

(a) General. At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the embankment surface to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

During all stages of construction, route and distribute hauling and leveling equipment over the width and length of each layer of material.

Compact embankment side slopes flatter than 1V:1.75H with a tamping type roller or by walking with a dozer. For slopes 1V:1.75H or steeper, compact the slopes as construction of the embankment progresses.

Where placing embankment on one side of abutments, wing walls, piers, or culvert headwalls, compact the material using methods that prevent excessive pressure against the structure.

Where placing embankment material on both sides of a concrete wall or box structure, conduct operations so compacted embankment material is at the same elevation on both sides of the structure.

Where structural pilings are placed in embankment locations, limit the maximum particle size to 4 inches.

(b) Embankment within the roadway prism. Place embankment material in horizontal layers not exceeding 12 inches in compacted thickness. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 12-inch layers by reducing them in size or placing them individually as required by (c) below. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

Material composed predominately of boulders or rock fragments too large for 12inch layers may be placed in layers up to 24 inches thick. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 24-inch layer by reducing them in size or placing them individually according to (c) below. Place sufficient earth and smaller rocks to fill the voids. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(c) Individual rock fragments and boulders. Place individual rock fragments and boulders greater than 24 inches in diameter as follows:

(1) Reduce rock to less than 48 inches in the largest dimension.

(2) Distribute rock within the embankment to prevent nesting.

(3) Place layers of embankment material around each rock to a depth not greater than that permitted by (b) above. Fill all the voids between rocks.

(4) Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(d) Embankment outside of roadway prism. Where placing embankment outside the staked roadway prism, place material in horizontal layers not exceeding 24 inches in compacted thickness. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11.

204.11 Compaction. Compact the embankment using one of the following methods as specified:

(a) Compaction A. Use AASHTO T 27 to determine the amount of material retained on a Number 4 sieve. If there is more than 80 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (1). If there is 50 to 80 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (2). If there is less than 50 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (3).

(1) Adjust the moisture content to a level suitable for compaction. Fill the interstices around rock with earth or other fine material as practical. Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6feet per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet per second. Compact each layer of material full width with one of the following and until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation.

(a) Four roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 40,000 pounds impact per vibration and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibrations per minute.

(b) Eight roller passes of a 20-ton compression-type roller.

(c) Eight roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 30,000 pounds impact per vibration and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibrations per minute.

Increase the compactive effort for layers deeper than 12 inches as follows:

For each additional 6 inches or fraction thereof, increase the number of roller passes in (a) above by four passes.

For each additional 6 inches or fraction thereof, increase the number of roller passes in (b) and (c) above, by eight passes.

(2) Use AASHTO T 99 to determine the optimum moisture content of the portion of the material passing a No. 4 sieve. Multiply this number by the percentage of material passing a No. 4 sieve, and add 2 percent to determine the optimum moisture content of the material. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6 feet per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet per second. Compact each layer of material full width according to (1) above.

(3) Classify the material according to AASHTO M 145. For material classified A-1 or A-2-4, determine the maximum density according to AASHTO T 180, method D. For other material classifications, determine the optimum moisture content and maximum density according to AASHTO T 99, method C.

Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

Use compression-type or vibratory rollers. Compact each layer of material full width to at least 95 percent of the maximum density. Determine the in-place density and moisture content according to AASHTO T 310 or other approved test procedures. When required, use AASHTO T 224 to correct for coarse particles.

(b) Compaction B. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Adjust the moisture content of the material to obtain a mass that will not visibly deflect under the load of the hauling and spreading equipment. Operate compaction equipment (rollers) over the full width of each layer until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation or, if when a sheepsfoot roller is used, the roller “walks out” of the layer. Make at least three complete passes.

(c) Compaction C. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Level and smooth each embankment layer before placing the next layers. Operate hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer. Construct a solid embankment with adequate compaction by working smaller rock and fines in with the larger rocks to fill the voids, and by operating hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer as the embankment is constructed.

204.12 Ditches. Slope, grade, and shape ditches. Remove all projecting roots, stumps, rock, or similar matter. Maintain all ditches in an open condition and free from leaves, sticks, and other debris.

Form furrow ditches by plowing or using other acceptable methods to produce a continuous furrow. Place all excavated material on the downhill side so the bottom of the ditch is approximately 18 inches below the crest of the loose material. Clean the ditch using a hand shovel, ditcher, or other suitable method. Shape to provide drainage without overflow.

204.13 Sloping, Shaping, and Finishing. Complete slopes, ditches, culverts, riprap, and other underground minor structures before placing aggregate courses. Slope, shape, and finish as follows:

(a) Sloping. Leave all earth slopes with uniform roughened surfaces, except as described in (b) below, with no noticeable break as viewed from the road. Except in solid rock, round tops and bottoms of all slopes including the slopes of drainage ditches. Round material overlaying solid rock to the extent practical. Scale all rock slopes. Slope rounding is not required on tolerance class D though M roads.

If a slide or slipout occurs on a cut or embankment slope, remove or replace the material, and repair or restore all damage to the work. Bench or key the slope to stabilize the slide. Reshape the cut or embankment slope to an acceptable condition.

(b) Stepped slopes. Where required by the contract, construct steps on slopes of 1⅓V:1H to 1V:2H. Construct the steps approximately 18 inches high. Blend the steps into natural ground at the end of the cut. If the slope contains nonrippable rock outcrops, blend steps into the rock. Remove loose material found in transitional area. Except for removing large rocks that may fall, scaling stepped slopes is not required.

(c) Shaping. Shape the subgrade to a smooth surface and to the cross-section required. Shape slopes to gradually transition into slope adjustments without noticeable breaks. At the ends of cuts and at intersections of cuts and embankments, adjust slopes in the horizontal and vertical planes to blend into each other or into the natural ground.

(d) Finishing. Finish the roadbed to be smooth and uniform, and shaped to conform to the typical sections. Remove unsuitable material from the roadbed and replace it with suitable material. Finish roadbeds to the tolerance class shown in table 204-2.Ensure that the subgrade is visibly moist during shaping and dressing. Scarify to 6 inches below the bottom of low sections, holes, cracks, or depressions and bring back to grade with suitable material. Maintain proper ditch drainage.

For surfaced roads, remove all material larger than 6 inches from the top 6 inches of the roadbed.

For unsurfaced roads, use one of the following methods to finish the roadbed:

(1) Method A. Remove all material larger than 6 inches from the top 6 inches of the roadbed and replace with suitable material.

(2) Method B. Use a vibratory grid roller or approved equal with a minimum weight of 10 tons. Roll at least 5 full-width passes or until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation.

(3) Method C. For roads designated as Construction Tolerance Class K, L, or M, finish the roadbed by spreading the excavation. Eliminate rock berms.

204.14 Disposal of Unsuitable or Excess Material. Dispose of unsuitable or excess material at designated sites or legally off of the project.

When there is a pay item for waste, shape and compact the waste material in its final location. Do not mix clearing or other material not subject to payment with the waste material.

204.15 Acceptance. See Table 204-1 for sampling and testing requirements.

Material for embankment and conserved topsoil will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Excavation and embankment construction will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Clearing and removal of obstructions will be evaluated under Sections 201 and 203.

Measurement

204.16 Measure the Section 204 items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection 109.02 and the following as applicable.

(a) Roadway excavation. Measure roadway excavation in its original position as follows:

(1) Include the following volumes in roadway excavation:

(a) Roadway prism excavation;

(b) Rock material excavated and removed from below subgrade in cut sections;

(c) Unsuitable material below subgrade and unsuitable material beneath embankment areas when a pay item for subexcavation is not shown in the bid schedule;

(d) Ditches, except furrow ditches measured under a separate bid item;

(eTopsoil;

(f) Borrow material used in the work when a pay item for borrow is not shown in the bid schedule;

(g) Loose scattered rocks removed and placed as required within the roadway;

(h) Conserved material taken from stockpiles and used in Section 204 work; and

(i) Slide and slipout material not attributable to the Contractor's method of operation.

(2) Do not include the following in roadway excavation:

(a) Overburden and other spoil material from borrow sources;

(b) Overbreakage from the backslope in rock excavation;

(c) Water or other liquid material;

(d) Material used for purposes other than required;

(e) Roadbed material scarified in place and not removed;

(f) Material excavated when stepping cut slopes;

(g) Material excavated when rounding cut slopes;

(h) Preparing foundations for embankment construction;

(i) Material excavated when benching for embankments;

(j) Slide or slipout material attributable to the Contractor's method of operation;

(k) Conserved material taken from stockpiles constructed at the option of the Contractor; and

(l) Material excavated outside the established slope limits.

(3) When both roadway excavation and embankment construction pay items are shown in the bid schedule, measure the following as roadway excavation only:

(a) Unsuitable material below subgrade in cuts and unsuitable material beneath embankment areas when a pay item for subexcavation is not shown in the bid schedule;

(b) Slide and slipout material not attributable to the Contractor’s method of operations; and

(c) Drainage ditches, channel changes, and diversion ditches.

(b) Unclassified borrow, select borrow, and select topping. When measuring by the cubic yard measure in its original position. If borrow excavation is measured by the cubic yard in place, take initial cross-sections of the ground surface after stripping overburden. Upon completion of excavation and after the borrow source waste material is returned to the source, retake cross-sections before replacing the overburden.

Do not measure borrow excavation used in place of excess roadway excavation.

(c) Embankment construction. Measure embankment construction in its final position. Do not make deductions from the embankment construction quantity for the volume of minor structures.

(1) Include the following volumes in embankment construction:

(a) Roadway embankments;

(b) Material used to backfill subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions;

(c) Material used to restore obliterated roadbeds to original contours; and

(d) Material used for dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms.

(2) Do not include the following in embankment construction:

(a) Preparing foundations for embankment construction;

(b) Adjustments for subsidence or settlement of the embankment or of the foundation on which the embankment is placed; and

(c) Material used to round fill slopes.

(d) Rounding cut slopes. Measure rounding cut slopes horizontally along the centerline of the roadway if a pay item for slope rounding is included in the bid schedule. If a pay item for slope rounding is not included in the bid schedule slope rounding will be considered subsidiary to excavation.

(e) Waste. Measure waste by the cubic yard in its final position. Take initial cross-sections of the ground surface after stripping over burden. Upon completion of the waste placement, retake cross-sections before replacing overburden.

(f) Slope scaling. Measure slope scaling by the cubic yard in the hauling vehicle.

(g) Boulder Placement. The quantity to be measured shall be the number of imported barrier rocks of the acceptable size and characteristics, placed, and accepted. Existing barrier rocks not meeting size characteristics that need to be slightly (within 7 feet) moved to facilitate road and parking construction shall be included as part of site preparation and grading. Barrier rocks excavated during construction shall be relocated within the project area and included as part of site preparation and grading.

204.17 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 204 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

Table 204-1 Sampling and Testing Requirements

Split Sample

Sampling Frequency

13,000 yd3

13,000 yd3 1 per 6000 yd2 but not less than 1 per layer

& T 11

(704.05) & unclassified borrow (704.06) Select borrow (704.07 & Select topping (704.08)

Table 204-1 (continued) Sampling and Testing Requirements

in work

Split Sample

Material

Sampling Frequency

less than 1 per 13,000 yd3 1 per 3500 yd2 but not less than 1 per layer 1 per 2500 yd2

method D(1) or T 99, method C(1) AASHTO T 310 or other approved procedures AASHTO T 310 or other approved procedures

density

for conformance (106.04) Measured and tested for conformance (106.04)

Compaction A) Top of subgrade (204.11 Compaction A)

Table 204-2 Construction Tolerances

(b) Maximum allowable deviation from staked slope measured from slope stakes or hinge points.

(c) Unless otherwise shown the centerline alignment and subgrade elevation, as built, have no horizontal curves with a radius of less than 80 feet, and no vertical curves with a curve length of less than 80 feet when the algebraic difference in the grade change is less than 10 percent, or a curve length of less than 100 feet when the algebraic difference of the grade change is greater than or equal to 10 percent. The centerline grade is not to exceed 20 percent in 100 feet of length.

(ft)

(% slope(b))

303 — Road Reconditioning

Replace Section 303 in its entirety with the following:

Description

303.01 This work consists of reconditioning ditches, shoulders, roadbeds, and aggregate surfaces.

Material

303.02 Conform to the following Subsection:

Water 725.01 Construction Requirements

303.03 Ditch Reconditioning. Remove all slide material, sediment, vegetation, and other debris from the existing ditches and culvert inlets and outlets. Reshape ditches and culvert inlets and outlets to achieve positive drainage and a uniform ditch width, depth, and grade. Dispose of waste according to Subsection 204.14.

303.04 Shoulder Reconditioning. Repair soft and unstable areas according to Subsection 204.07. Remove all slide material, vegetation, and other debris from existing shoulders including shoulders of parking areas, turnouts, and other widened areas. Reshape shoulders and dispose of waste according to Subsection 204.14.

303.05 Roadbed Reconditioning. Repair soft and unstable areas according to Subsection 204.07. Ensure that the cross-slope of roadbed has positive drainage the whole length of project. Compact according to Subsection 204.11(b) as necessary.

303.06 Aggregate Surface Reconditioning. Repair soft and unstable areas to the full depth of the aggregate surface and according to Subsection 204.07. Scarify to the depth of the aggregate surface or to a depth of 8 inches, whichever is less, and remove surface irregularities. Reshape, finish, and compact the entire aggregate surface according to Section 308.

303.07 Roadway Reconditioning. Perform all the applicable work described in Subsections 303.03 through 303.06.

303.08 Pulverizing. Scarify the surface to the designated depth and width. Pulverize all material to a size one and one half times the maximum sized aggregate or to 1½ inches, whichever is greater. Mix, spread, compact, and finish the material according to Section 301.

303.09 Acceptance. Road reconditioning work will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Measurement

303.10 Measure the Section 303 items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection 109.02 and the following as applicable.

Measure ditch reconditioning and shoulder reconditioning by the station or foot horizontally along the centerline of the roadway for each side of the roadway.

Measure roadbed reconditioning, aggregate surface reconditioning, roadway reconditioning, and pulverizing by the station or by the square yard. Measure the square yard area on a horizontal plane. Do not measure isolated areas less than 20 square yards.

Measure waste under Section 204.

303.11 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 303 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

324 – Minor Aggregate Courses – Commercial Source

Description

324.01 This work consists of constructing one or more courses of aggregate on a prepared surface. Work includes producing aggregate by crushing methods.

Material

324.02 Conform to the following Subsections:

Construction Requirements

324.03 General. Prepare the surface on which the aggregate course is placed according to Section 303.

Request approval of the roadbed in writing before placing aggregate.

Develop, haul, and apply water in accordance to Section 170.

Submit aggregate gradations for approval by the CO.

After processing on the road, remove all oversize material from the road and dispose of it as directed by the CO.

If the aggregate is produced and stockpiled before placement, handle and stockpiled according to Section 320. Establish stockpile sites at approved locations.

324.04 Mixing and Spreading. Mix the aggregate and adjust the moisture content to obtain a uniform mixture with moisture content suitable for the specified compaction method. Spread and shape the mixture on the prepared surface in a uniform layer with no segregation of size, and to a loose depth that will provide the required compacted thickness. Place the mixture in a maximum compacted layer thickness of 6 inches.

When more than one layer is necessary, compact each layer according to Subsection 324.05 before placing the next layer. Route hauling and leveling equipment uniformly over the full width.

When placing aggregate over geotextile, place aggregate in a single lift to the full depth specified.

324.05 Compacting. Compact each layer full width. Roll from the sides to the center, parallel to the centerline of the road. Along curbs, headers, walls, and all places not accessible to the roller, compact the material with approved tampers or compactors.

Compact the aggregate using one of the following methods as specified:

Compaction A. Operating spreading and hauling equipment over the full width of the travelway.

Compaction B. Operate rollers and compact as specified in Subsection 204.11(b).

Compaction C. Moisten or dry the aggregate to a uniform moisture content between 5 and 7 percent based on total dry weight of the mixture. Operate rollers and compact as specified in Subsection 204.11(a)(1).

Compaction D. Compact to a density of at least 95 percent of the maximum density, as determined by AASHTO T 99, method C or D.

Compaction E. Compact to a density of at least 96 percent of the maximum density, as determined by the Modified Marshall Hammer Compaction Method (available upon request from USDA Forest Service, Regional Materials Engineering Center, P.O. Box 7669, Missoula, MT 59807).

Compaction F. Compact to a density of at least 95 percent of the maximum density, as determined by AASHTO T 180, method C or D.

Compaction G. Compact to a density of at least 100 percent of the maximum density as determined by the Modified Marshall Hammer Compaction Method (available upon request from USDA Forest Service, Regional Materials Engineering Center, P.O. Box 7669, Missoula, MT 59807).

For all compaction methods, blade the surface of each layer during the compaction operations to remove irregularities and produce a smooth, even surface. When a density requirement is specified, determine the in place density and moisture content according to AASHTO T 310 or other approved test procedures.

324.06 Construction Tolerance. If grade finishing stakes are required, finish the surface to within ±0.10 feet from staked line and grade elevation.

If grade finishing stakes are not required, shape the surface to the required template and check the surface with a 10-foot straightedge. Defective areas are surface deviations in excess of 1/2 inch in 10 feet between any two contacts of the straightedge with the surface.

Correct all defective areas by loosening the material, adding or removing material, reshaping, and compacting.

Ensure that the compacted thickness is not consistently above or below the specified thickness. The maximum variation from the compacted specified thickness is ½ inch.

Ensure that the compacted width is not consistently above the specified width. The maximum variation from the specified width will not exceed +12 inches at any point.

324.07 Maintenance. Maintain the aggregate course to the correct line, grade, and crosssection by blading, watering, rolling, or any combination thereof until placement of the next course. Correct all defects according to Subsection 324.06.

324.08 Acceptance. See Section 703.06 for acceptance criteria.

Measurement

324.09 Measure the Section 324 items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection 109.02 and the following as applicable.

Measure square yard width horizontally to include the top of aggregate width including designed widening. Measure the square yard length horizontally along the centerline of the roadway.

If the measurement for aggregate is by cubic yard using contract quantities then measure aggregate by the cubic yard in-place once compacted, otherwise measurement for aggregate by the cubic yard is measured by the cubic yard in the hauling…