d.6625270Specs.pdf

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.01 Meaning of Terms

101.03 Abbreviations

101.04 Definitions

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

103 - Scope of Work

Deletions

104 - Control of Work

Deletions

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

105 - Control of Material

105.02 Material Sources

105.02(a) Government-provided sources

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07 Delete

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties

107.10 Environmental Protection

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108 Delete

109 - Measurement and Payment

109 Deletions

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions

152 - Construction Survey and Staking

152.02 General

153 - Contractor Quality Control

153.04 Records

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155 Delete

156 - Public Traffic

157 - Soil Erosion Control

157.03 General

170 - Develop Water Supply and Watering

171 - Weed and Disease Prevention

201 - Clearing and Grubbing

201.03 – General

201.04 – Clearing

201.06 – Disposal

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.01 Description

203.04 Removing Material

203.05 Disposing of Material

204 - Excavation and Embankment

209 - Structure Excavation and Backfill

209.11 Compacting

209.12 Acceptance

209.13 Measurement and Payment………………………………….…………………………...38

251 - Riprap

251.03 General

308 - Minor Crushed Aggregate

552 - Structural Concrete

554 - Reinforcing Steel

603 - Structural Plate Structures

603.03 General

603.04 Erecting

635 - Temporary Traffic Control

635.03 General

648 - Stream Simulation

651 - Development of Pits & Quarries

701 - Cement

704 - Soil

704.02 Bedding Material

705 - Rock

705.02 Riprap Rock

705.07 Streambed Simulation Rock

705.08 Channel Rock

709 - Reinforcing Steel and Wire Rope

718 - Traffic Signing and Marking Material

718.05 Aluminum Panels

Preface

Preface_wo_03_15_2004_m

Delete all but the first paragraph and add the following:

The Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture has adopted FP-03 for construction of

National Forest System Roads.

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.00_nat_us_07_25_2005

101.01_nat_us_01_22_2009

101.01 Meaning of Terms

Delete all references to the TAR (Transportation Acquisition Regulations) in the specifications.

101.03_nat_us_06_16_2006

101.03 Abbreviations.

Add the following to (a) Acronyms:

AFPA

MSHA

NIST

NESC

WCLIB

American Forest and Paper Association

Mine Safety and Health Administration

National Institute of Standards and Technology

National Electrical Safety Code

West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau

Add the following to (b) SI symbols:

mp Milepost ppm Part Per Million

101.04_nat_us_03_29_2007 http://www.nist.gov/

101.04 Definitions.

Delete the following definitions and substitute the following:

Bid Schedule--The Schedule of Items.

Bridge--No definition.

Contractor--The individual or legal entity contracting with the Government for performance of prescribed work. In a timber sale contract, the contractor is the “purchaser”.

Culvert--No definition.

Right-of-Way--A general term denoting (1) the privilege to pass over land in some particular line (including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) Real property necessary for the project, including roadway, buffer areas, access, and drainage areas.

Add the following:

Adjustment in Contract Price--“Equitable adjustment,” as used in the Federal Acquisition

Regulations, or “construction cost adjustment,” as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Change--“Change” means “change order” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or

“design change” as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Design Quantity--“Design quantity” is a Forest Service method of measurement from the FS-96

Forest Service Specifications for the Construction of Roads and Bridges. Under these FP specifications this term is replaced by the term “Contract Quantities”.

Forest Service--The United States of America, acting through the Forest Service, U.S.

Department of Agriculture.

Neat Line--A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excavation or structure.

Pioneer Road--Temporary construction access built along the route of the project.

Purchaser--The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation contracting with the

Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and acting independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Protected Streamcourse--A drainage shown on the plans or timber sale area map that requires designated mitigation measures.

Road Order--An order affecting and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdiction. Road Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authorities of 36

CFR, part 260.

Schedule of Items--A schedule in the contract that contains a listing and description of construction items, quantities, units of measure, unit price, and amount.

Utilization Standards--The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in the specifications to determine merchantable timber.

Add Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms:

Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms.

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

Delete Section 102 in its entirety.

103 - Scope of Work

103.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

Deletions

Delete all but subsection 103.01 Intent of Contract.

104 - Control of Work

104.00_nat_us_06_16_2006

Deletions

Delete Sections 104.01, 104.02, and 104.04.

104.06_nat_us_02_17_2005

Add the following subsection:

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service for all activities necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limitations and authorizations designated in the Road Order(s) or described in the contract, when such use will not damage the roads or national forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

105 - Control of Material

105.02_nat_us_01_18_2007

105.02 Material Sources.

105.02(a) Government-provided sources.

Comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 56, subparts B and H. Use all suitable material for aggregate regardless of size unless otherwise designated. When required, re-establish vegetation in disturbed areas according to section 625.

105.05_nat_us_05_12_2004

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

Delete 105.05 (a) and (b) and the last sentence of the second paragraph and substitute the following:

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quantities required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. The Government is not obligated to make reimbursement for the cost of producing these materials.

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07_nat_us_05_11_2004

106.07 Delete

Delete subsection 106.07.

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05_nat_us_05_11_2004

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.06_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work.

Delete the following from the first paragraph.

“except as provided in Subsection 106.07”.

107.09_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.10_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.10 Environmental Protection.

Add the following:

Design and locate equipment repair shops, stationary refueling sites, or other facilities to minimize the potential and impacts of hazardous material spills on Government land.

Before beginning any work, submit a Hazardous Spill Plan. List actions to be taken in the event of a spill. Incorporate preventive measures to be taken, such as the location of mobile refueling facilities, storage and handling of hazardous materials, and similar information. Immediately notify the CO of all hazardous material spills. Provide a written narrative report form no later than 24 hours after the initial report and include the following:

Description of the item spilled (including identity, quantity, manifest number, and other identifying information).

Whether amount spilled is EPA or state reportable, and if so whether it was reported, and to whom.

Exact time and location of spill including a description of the area involved.

Containment procedures.

Summary of any communications the Contractor had with news media, Federal, state and local regulatory agencies and officials, or Forest Service officials.

Description of clean-up procedures employed or to be employed at the site including final disposition and disposal location of spill residue.

When available provide copies of all spill related clean up and closure documentation and correspondence from regulatory agencies.

The Contractor is solely responsible for all spills or leaks that occur during the performance of this contract. Clean up spills or leaks to the satisfaction of the CO and in a manner that complies with Federal, state, and local laws and regulations.

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

108 Delete.

Delete Section 108 in its entirety.

109 - Measurement and Payment

109.00_nat_us_02_17_2005

109 Deletions

Delete the following entire subsections:

109.06 Pricing of Adjustments.

109.07 Eliminated Work.

109.08 Progress Payments.

109.09 Final Payment.

109.02_nat_us_06_16_2006

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions.

(b) Contract quantity.

Add the following:

Contract quantities will be adjusted only when there are errors in the original design of 15% or more.

Change the following:

“(b) Cubic yard” to “(c) Cubic yard”.

Add the following definition:

(p) Thousand Board Feet (Mbf). 1,000 board feet based on nominal widths, thickness, and extreme usable length of each piece of lumber or timber actually incorporated in the job. For glued laminated timber, 1,000 board feet based on actual width, thickness, and length of each piece actually incorporated in the job.

152 - Construction Survey and Staking

152.00_nat_us_08_05_2005

Description

152.01(c) Material.

Use required stake dimensions and materials. Pre-paint the top 2 inches of all stakes and lath, or mark them with plastic flagging. Use designated colors for paint or flagging. Mark all stakes with a stake pencil that leaves a legible imprint, or with waterproof ink.

Do not use aerosol spray paints.

Use moisture-resistant paper for survey notes. Keep notes in books with covers that will protect the contents and retain the pages in numerical sequence.

Construction Requirements

152.02 General.

Delete the first two sentences.

Add the following:

When indicated on the plans, a preliminary survey line has been established on the ground. The project location line is established by offsets from this preliminary line.

Delete second sentence in second paragraph and replace with the following:

Reestablish missing reference, control lines, or stakes as necessary to control subsequent construction staking operations

152.03 Survey and Staking Requirements.

(b) Roadway cross-sections.

Replace the first two sentences with the following:

Take roadway cross-sections normal to centerline. When the centerline curve radius is less than or equal to 200 feet, take cross-sections at a maximum centerline spacing of 25 feet. When the centerline curve radius is greater that 200 feet take cross-sections at a maximum centerline spacing of 80 feet.

c) Slope Stakes & References:

Replace section with the following:

Slope stakes and references. When required, locate slope stakes on designated portions of the road. Locate the slope stake catch points and use them to establish clearing limits and slope stake references.

Mark slope stakes with the station, the amount of cut or fill, the horizontal distance to centerline, and the slope ratios.

Place slope reference stakes at least 10 feet outside the clearing limit and mark with the offset distance to the slope stake. Place sight stakes when required.

Prior to clearing and grubbing operations, move the slope stake outside the clearing limit to the slope reference stake. After clearing and grubbing and before excavation, reset the slope stakes in their original position.

Use the designated method to establish the slope stake catchpoint.

Method I—Computed Method. Use the template information shown in the plans or other

Government-provided data to calculate the actual location of the catchpoint. The slope stake “catchpoint distance” provided may be used as a trial location to initiate slope staking. Recatch slope stakes on any section that does not match the staking report within the tolerances established in Table 152-2.

Method II—Catchpoint Measurement Method. Determine the location of slope stake catchpoints by measuring the catchpoint distances shown in the plans or other

Government-provided data.

(d) Clearing and grubbing limits.

Establish clearing limits on each side of the location line by measuring the required horizontal or slope distances shown in the stake notes. Mark the clearing limits with flagging or tags on trees to be left standing, or on lath. Make markings intervisible, and no more than 90 feet apart.

After establishing clearing limits, move the location line stake outside the clearing limits for station identification purposes, and mark it with horizontal distance to location line

(e) Centerline reestablishment.

Replace with the following:

Reestablish centerline from instrument control points. The maximum spacing between centerline points is 25 feet when the centerline curve radius is less than or equal to 200 feet. When the centerline curve radius is greater than 200 feet, the maximum distance between centerline points is 80 feet.

(g) Culverts.

Replace subsection with the following:

Set culvert reference stakes at all culvert locations. Set a culvert reference stake on the centerline of the culvert 10 feet from each end or beyond the clearing limit, whichever is greater. Record the following on culvert reference stakes:

(1) Diameter, actual field measured length, and type of culvert.

(2) The vertical and horizontal distance from the reference stake to the invert at the ends of the culvert.

(3) Station of actual point where culvert intersects centerline.

When required, stake headwall for culverts by setting a hub with a guard stake on each side of the culvert on line with the face of the headwall. Perform this work after clearing is completed.

152.03 (l) Miscellaneous Survey and Staking.

(11) Cattleguards

(12) Drain Dips

(13) Erosion Control Measures

153 - Contractor Quality Control

153.04_nat_us_10_24_2007

153.04 Records.

Delete all but the first sentence

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155.00_nat_us_05_11_2004

155 Delete.

Delete Section 155 in its entirety.

156 - Public Traffic

156.00_01_us_10_10_2006

Delete Section 156 in its entirety and replace with the following:

156.01 This work consists of controlling and protecting public traffic adjacent to and within the project.

Material

156.02 Conform to the MUTCD and the following Sections and Subsections:

Construction sign panels 633

Retroreflective sheeting 718.01

Temporary concrete barrier 618

Temporary plastic fence 710.11

Temporary traffic control devices 718.22

156.03 General. Unless otherwise provided for in Table 156-1, keep existing roads open to all traffic during road improvement work, and maintain them in a condition that will safely and adequately accommodate traffic. Delays may not exceed N/A minutes at any one time followed by an open period of no less than N/A minutes.

Perform no work that interferes or conflicts with traffic or existing access to the roadway surface until a traffic control plan in accordance with MUTCD Part 6A.01 has been approved. Post construction signs and traffic control devices in conformance with MUTCD. Assure that all required signs are in place and approved prior to beginning work on project.

If the Contractor allows public traffic to use a new road being constructed prior to completion, it will be considered an existing road for traffic control purposes.

Do not construct detours outside of the clearing limits or use alternate route detours without the approval of the CO.

156.04 Temporary Traffic Control. Install and maintain temporary traffic control devices adjacent to and within the project as required by the approved traffic control plan and the

MUTCD. Install and maintain traffic control devices as follows:

(a) Furnish and install traffic control devices before the start of construction operations.

(b) All detours outside of clearing limits shall be approved in writing by the Contracting

Officer as part of the traffic control plan.

(c) Install only those traffic control devices needed for each stage or phase.

(d) Relocate temporary traffic control devices as necessary.

(e) Remove or cover devices that no longer apply to the existing conditions.

(f) Immediately replace any device that is lost, stolen, destroyed, or inoperative.

(g) Keep temporary traffic control devices clean.

(h) Remove all temporary traffic control devices upon contract completion or when approved.

(i) When required, use flaggers certified by the American Traffic Safety Services

Association, the National Safety Council, the International Municipal Signal

Association, a state agency, or other acceptable organization. Perform the work described under MUTCD Part 6E. Use type III, VII, VIII, or IX retroreflective sheeting on flagger paddles. Do not use flags. Flaggers must wear high visibility safety apparel as required by MUTCD 6E.02.

156.05 Temporary Closures. Road segments may be closed as shown in Table 156-1. The maximum consecutive days of closure shall be followed by a minimum number of consecutive days open to traffic as shown. Maintain traffic control devices during closure period(s). Erect and maintain appropriate barricades and signs as shown in the traffic control plan or as otherwise designated.

Prior to closing roads during construction, give written notice to the Contracting Officer at least

10 days in advance.

Table 156-1

Temporary Road Closures

Road

Number

From

Terminus

To

Terminus

Maximum

Consecutive

Days Closed

Minimum

Consecutive

Days Open

6625270 6625000 6632 60 N/A

156.06 Acceptance. Public traffic work will be evaluated under Subsection 106.02.

Measurement and Payment

156.07 Do not measure Public Traffic for payment. Compensation is made as an indirect payment.

157 - Soil Erosion Control

157.03_nat_us_02_24_2005

157.03 General

Delete the entire subsection and replace with the following:

Prior to the start of construction, submit a written plan that provides permanent and temporary erosion control measures to minimize erosion and sedimentation during and after construction.

Do not begin work until the necessary controls for that particular phase of work have been implemented. Do not modify the type, size, or location of any control. An alternate erosion control plan with all necessary permits may be submitted 30 days before intended use.

Incorporate all permanent erosion control features into the project at the earliest practicable time, as outlined in the approved plan.

When erosion control measures are not functioning as intended, immediately take corrective action.

170 - Develop Water Supply and Watering

170.00_0616_us_02_23_2006

Description

170.01 This work consists of developing an acceptable water supply, furnishing, hauling, and applying water.

Materials

170.02 Conform to the following subsection.

Water 725.01.

170.03 Development of Supply & Access. Develop water supplies and access to the water supplies as required. Use designated water sources or other approved water sources. Before using non-designated water sources, obtain all necessary permissions, water rights, and permits.

170.04 Equipment. Provide mobile watering equipment with watertight tanks of known capacity. Provide for positive control of water application from the driver’s position.

All draft hoses being used to withdraw water from any live flowing stream or pond shall utilize one of the following methods of screening on any draft hoses used:

(1) Perforated Plate: Screen openings shall not exceed 3/32 or 0.0938-inches

(2.38-mm).

(2) Profile Bar Screen: The narrowest dimension in the screen openings shall not exceed 0.0689-inches (1.75-mm) in the narrowest direction.

(3) Woven Wire Screen: Screen openings shall not exceed 3/32 or 0.0938-inches

(2.38-mm) in the narrow direction.

All methods shall be cleaned frequently with either wire brushing, flushing, or any other acceptable method.

170.05 Application. Apply water uniformly without ponding or washing.

170.06 Acceptance. Developing water supplies and watering will be evaluated under

Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

170.07 Do not measure development of water supply and watering for payment.

Payment

170.08 Include all costs associated with the development of water supply and watering in the unit price for Sections 204-Excavation and Embankment, 209 Structure Excavation and Backfill, and 308 Minor Crushed Aggregate. See Subsection 109.05.

171 - Weed and Disease Prevention

171.00_0616_us_02_23_2006

171.01 This work consists of all work needed to prevent the spread of weeds. This includes washing and treating construction equipment to remove seeds, plants, and plant fragments from the equipment before the equipment is used on National Forest System lands. It also includes inspecting gravel, fill, stockpiles, quarry sites, borrow material, and any other mineral material to be used on the project for invasive plants. Infested sources are treated before use and transport.

171.02 Conform to the following Subsection:

Water 725.01

171.03 Equipment Washing. Notify the CO in writing at least 15 days before moving any construction equipment onto National Forest System lands. Construction equipment does not include cars, pickup trucks, and other vehicles that regularly travel between the construction site and areas outside of National Forest System lands.

Perform all work at a location designated on the plans or other locations approved in writing.

Provide the CO with an opportunity to monitor the washing and inspection.

Use a high pressure washing system. For work on National Forest System lands, use a washing system that traps all wash water and either stores it for removal from National Forest System lands or recycles the water for continued use. If the equipment recycles the water, provide adequate filters for seed removal. Dispose of the filter material and removed seeds in an approved manner. Do not mix soaps, detergents, or other chemicals with the wash water.

For work at a commercial washing facility, use an approved facility.

Wash the sides, tops, and undercarriages of all construction equipment. Remove all seeds, plants, plant fragments, dirt, and debris from the construction equipment.

Inspect the washed construction equipment, including the undercarriage, to ensure that the washing removed the dirt, debris, and seeds from the construction equipment. Rewash the construction equipment as necessary or as directed.

171.04 Mineral Materials and Sources.

Contractor-located sources. Inspect gravel, fill, stockpiles, quarry sites, borrow material, and any other mineral material to be used on the project for invasive plants and plant parts. Treat materials and work areas as needed to create a weed free mineral resource. Inform the CO of weed prevention work that is occurring on proposed mineral materials and sources. Notify the

CO as soon as possible but at least 30 days before use and transport of any mineral materials that are to be used on the project. The CO or a designated person will inspect the sites and materials for invasive plants (and parts and seed) if warranted. If they are found, submit a plan for treating the site and/or materials. Mineral materials infested with invasive plants or that are in a work zone that is infested will not be used for the project.

171.05 Acceptance. Weed prevention will be evaluated under Subsection 106.02.

Measurement

171.06 Do not measure weed prevention for payment.

171.07 Include all costs associated with equipment washing in the unit price for Section 151-

Mobilization. Include all costs for providing weed free mineral materials in the pay item for the material. See Subsection 109.05.

201 - Clearing and Grubbing

201.01_0616_us_07_09_2009

201 – Clearing and Grubbing

201.01 Replace with the following:

This work consists of clearing and grubbing within clearing limits SHOWN ON THE

PLANS, staked on the ground, or in other designated areas.

201.02 Delete Tree wound dressing material reference.

201.03 General. Delete the last sentence of (d).

201.04 Clearing. Add the following before the first sentence of the first paragraph:

When marked in advance, remove dead trees over 6 inches in diameter measured at 12 inches above the ground that lean toward the road and are tall enough to reach the roadbed.

Delete paragraph (c) and replace with the following:

(c) In areas outside the excavation, embankment, and slope rounding limits, cut stumps to within 12 inches or one-third of the stump diameter of the ground, whichever is higher, measured on the side adjacent to the highest ground.

Delete subsection (d) and replace with the following:

(d) Trim branches of remaining trees or shrubs to give a clear height of 14 feet above the roadbed unless otherwise indicated. Trim tree limbs as near flush with the trunk as practicable.

(e) Do not cut vegetation less than 3 feet tall and less than 3 inches in diameter, that is within the clearing limits but beyond the roadway and not in a decking area, and that does not interfere with sight distance or road maintenance activities along the road.

(f) Utilization standards for merchantable timber are listed below. Fall and buck merchantable material into lengths not to exceed ___32____ feet. Pieces (logs) meet utilization standards when such pieces would have met Utilization Standards if bucking lengths were varied to include such material.

Minimum Utilization Standards

Length Diameter (Inside Bark) at Small End __N/A___% Net Scale in

% of Gross Scale

__8__feet ______6_______inches

(g) Remove brush from log decks. Deck logs so that logs are piled parallel to one another;

can be removed by standard log loading equipment; will not damage standing trees; will not interfere with drainage, and will not roll. Keep logs in log decks free of brush and soil.

201.06 Disposal. Delete the first sentence of this subsection and substitute the following:

Merchantable timber is all timber meeting the Utilization Standards shown in the PLANS or, when applicable, as provided in the A Tables of the Timber Sale Contract. All merchantable timber remains the property of the landowner where it was cut, and will be decked at approved locations on that landowner’s property. Deck according to 201.04(f) on each landowner's property in approved locations adjacent to the road. Keep each landowner’s decks separate. When unmerchantable timber is designated to be decked, keep merchantable and unmerchantable decks separate.

Slash Treatment. Use or treat construction slash larger than 3” in diameter and 3’ in length by one or more of the following methods, as DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF

ITEMS or SHOWN ON THE PLANS:

(1) Windrowing Construction Slash. Windrow according to the following requirements unless otherwise specified in the SUPPLEMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS. Clear areas to accommodate the windrow slash. Place construction slash outside the roadway in neat, compacted windrows laid approximately parallel to and along the toeline of embankment slopes. Do not permit the top of the windrows to extend above the top of subgrade. Use construction equipment to matt down all material in a windrow to form a compact and uniform pile. Construct breaks of at least 16 feet at least every 200 feet in a windrow. Do not place windrows against trees. A pioneer road may be constructed to provide an area for placement of windrows, provided the excavated material is kept within the clearing limits and does not adversely affect the road construction.

(2) Windrowing Large Material. Windrow construction slash that is 10 inches or more in diameter at the small end, and 6 feet or more in length, as specified in Subsection

201.06 (1). Treat smaller material by one or more of the other included methods for slash treatment.

(3) Windrowing & Covering. Place and compact construction slash as specified in

Subsection 201.06 (1), and cover with at least 6 inches of rock and soil to form a smooth and uniform windrow.

(4) Scattering. Scatter according to the following requirements unless otherwise specified in the SUPPLEMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS. Scatter construction slash outside the clearing limits without damaging trees. Limb all logs. Place logs and stumps away from trees, positioned so they will not roll, and are not on top of one another.

Limb and scatter other construction slash to reduce slash concentrations.

(5) Burying. Bury construction slash at the locations SHOWN ON THE PLANS and designated on the ground. Mat construction slash down in layers, and cover it with at least 2 feet of rock and soil. Smooth and slope the final surface to drain.

(6) Chipping or Grinding. Process construction slash that is up to at least 4 inches in diameter and longer than 3 feet through a chipping machine or machine designed and operated to grind slash and stumps into pieces, such as a tub grinder. Deposit chips or ground woody material on embankment slopes or outside the roadway to a loose depth not exceeding 6 inches. Minor amounts of chips or ground woody material may be permitted within the roadway if they are thoroughly mixed with soil and do not form a layer.

(7) Piling & Burning. Deposit construction slash in areas SHOWN ON THE PLANS and designated on the ground. Construct piles so that burning does not damage standing trees. If burning is incomplete, repile and burn the slash remaining until pieces are reduced to less than 3 inches in diameter and 3 feet in length. Scatter the remaining pieces.

(8) Decking Unmerchantable Material. Deck logs that do not meet Utilization Standards specified in Subsection 201.06, and other material that exceeds the diameter and length shown in the SUPPLEMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS in areas SHOWN ON THE

PLANS. Other locations may be approved by the CO.

Cut material into lengths not exceeding 32 feet and remove all limbs. Decks are to be stable and free of brush and soil. Treat other material according to slash treatment methods SHOWN ON THE PLANS and in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

(9) Placement in Cutting Units. Place construction slash from within cutting units and the adjacent 200 feet with cutting unit logging slash. Place construction slash at least 50 feet inside the cutting unit boundary such that it will not inhibit logging of the unit and may be treated by the prescribed logging slash treatment method.

(10) Removal. Remove or haul construction slash to locations SHOWN ON THE

PLANS or designated on the ground.

(11) Piling. Pile construction slash in areas SHOWN ON THE PLANS or designated on the ground. Place and construct piles so future burning will not damage remaining trees.

Keep piles reasonably free of dirt from stumps. Cut unmerchantable logs into lengths of less than 20 feet prior to placement in the pile.

(12) Placing Slash on Embankment Slopes. Place construction slash on completed embankment slopes to reduce soil erosion where SHOWN ON THE PLANS. Place construction slash as flat as practicable on the completed slope. Place slash from the toe of the embankment to a point at least 2 feet below subgrade elevation. Priority for use of available slash is for: (1) through fills; (2) insides of curves; and (3) ditch relief outlets.

(13) Debris Mat. Use tree limbs, tops, cull logs, split stumps, wood chunks, and other debris to form a mat upon which construction equipment is operated. Place stumps upside down and blend stumps into the mat.

Pieces of wood less than 3” in diameter and 3’ in length may be scattered within the clearing limits.

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.01_nat_us_02_25_2005

203.01 Description.

Delete and replace with the following:

This work consists of disposing of construction slash and debris, salvaging, removing, and disposing of buildings, fences, structures, pavements, culverts, utilities, curbs, sidewalks, and other obstructions.

203.04_nat_us_02_18_2005

203.04 Removing Material.

Replace the fourth and fifth paragraphs with the following:

Where part of an existing culvert is removed, remove the entire culvert upstream from the removal. The remaining downstream culvert may be left in place if no portion of the culvert is within 12 inches of the subgrade, embankment slope, or new culvert or structure; and the culvert ends are sealed with concrete.

Remove structures and obstructions in the roadbed to 12 inches below subgrade elevation.

Remove structures and obstructions outside the roadbed to 12 inches below finished ground or to the natural stream bottom.

203.05_nat_us_02_18_2005

203.05 Disposing of Material.

Add the following:

(e) Windrowing Construction Slash. Place construction slash outside the roadway in neat, compacted windrows approximately parallel to and along the toeline of embankment slopes. Do not permit the top of the windrows to extend above subgrade. Use construction equipment to matt down all material in a windrow to form a compact and uniform pile. Construct breaks of at least 15 feet at least every 200 feet in a windrow. Do not place windrows against trees. Obtain approval for pioneer roads. A pioneer road may be constructed to provide an area for placement of windrows, provided the excavated material is kept within the clearing limits and does not adversely affect the road construction.

(f) Scattering. Scatter construction slash outside the clearing limits without damaging trees.

Limb all logs. Place logs and stumps away from trees, positioned so they will not roll, and are not on top of one another. Limb and scatter other construction slash to reduce slash concentrations.

(g) Chipping or Grinding. Use an approved chipping machine to grind slash and stumps greater than 3 inches in diameter and longer than 3 feet. Deposit chips or ground woody material on embankment slopes or outside the roadway to a loose depth less than 6 inches. Minor amounts of chips or ground woody material may be permitted within the roadway if they are thoroughly mixed with soil and do not form a layer.

(h) Debris Mat. Use tree limbs, tops, cull logs, split stumps, wood chunks, and other debris to form a mat upon which construction equipment is operated. Place stumps upside down and blend stumps into the mat.

(i) Decking Firewood Material. Remove brush from decks. Limb and deck logs that do not meet Utilization Standards according to Subsection 201.04 as directed by the CO. Cut logs to lengths less than 30 feet. Ensure that logs stacks are stable and free of brush and soil.

(j) Removal to designated locations. Remove construction slash to designated locations.

(k) Piling. Pile construction slash in designated areas. Place and construct piles so that if the piles are burned, the burning will not damage remaining trees. Keep piles free of dirt from stumps. Cut unmerchantable logs into lengths of less than 20 feet.

(l) Placing Slash on Embankment Slopes. Place construction slash on completed embankment slopes to reduce soil erosion. Place construction slash as flat as practicable on the completed slope. Do not place slash closer than 2 feet below subgrade. Priority for use of available slash is for: (1) through fills; (2) insides of curves; and (3) ditch relief outlets.

(m) Hydrological Sensitive Placement. Where required use this method in combination with other designated methods to dispose of material to reduce erosion and to aid in re-vegetation:

1. Place windrow segments on contours, wrap in type I geotextile.

2. Place logs as log erosion barriers on contours. Place logs so that 80% of their length is on the ground surface.

3. Scatter slash on bare or disturbed areas within or outside the clearing limits as directed.

4. Scatter chips or ground woody material on bare or disturbed areas within or outside the clearing limits as directed.

Place stumps in swales or on sites to form planting pockets. Place windrow segments on contours, wrap in type I geotextile.

203.08_nat_us_02_24_2005

203.08 Payment

Add the following:

Disposal of construction slash will be compensated under the designated pay item in Section

201.

204 - Excavation and Embankment

204.00_0616_us_01_29_2010

Replace Section 204 in its entirety with the following:

204.01 This work consists of excavating material and constructing embankments. This includes furnishing, hauling, stockpiling, placing, disposing, sloping, shaping, compacting, and finishing earthen and rocky material.

204.02 Definitions.

(a) Excavation. Excavation consists of the following:

(1) Roadway excavation. All material excavated from within the right-of-way or easement areas, except subexcavation covered in (2) below and structure excavation covered in Sections 208 and 209. Roadway excavation includes all material encountered regardless of its nature or characteristics.

(2) Subexcavation. Material excavated from below subgrade elevation in cut sections or from below the original groundline in embankment sections. Subexcavation does not include the work required by Subsections 204.05, 204.06(b), and 204.06(c).

(3) Borrow excavation. Material used for embankment construction that is obtained from outside the roadway prism. Borrow excavation includes unclassified borrow, select borrow, and select topping.

(b) Embankment construction. Embankment construction consists of placing and compacting roadway or borrow excavation. This work includes:

(1) Preparing foundation for embankment;

(2) Constructing roadway embankments;

(3) Benching for side-hill embankments;

(4) Constructing dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms; and

(5) Backfilling subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions.

(c) Conserved topsoil. Excavated material conserved from the roadway excavation and embankment foundation areas that is suitable for growth of grass, cover crops, or native vegetation.

(d) Waste. Excess and unsuitable roadway excavation and subexcavation that cannot be used.

204.03 Conform to the following Subsections:

Backfill material 704.03

Select borrow 704.07

Select topping 704.08

Topping 704.05

Unclassified borrow 704.06

204.04 Preparation for Roadway Excavation and Embankment Construction. Clear the area of vegetation and obstructions according to Sections 201 and 203.

204.05 Reserved.

204.06 Roadway Excavation. Excavate as follows:

(a) General. Do not disturb material and vegetation outside the construction limits.

Incorporate only suitable material into embankments. Replace any shortage of suitable material caused by premature disposal of roadway excavation. Dispose of unsuitable or excess excavation material according to Subsection 204.14.

At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the work area to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

Retrieve material deposited outside of the clearing limits as directed by the CO. Place unsuitable material in designated areas.

(b) Rock cuts. Blast rock according to Section 205. Excavate rock cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Backfill to subgrade with topping or with other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11

(c) Earth cuts. Scarify earth cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits.

Compact the scarified material according to Subsection 204.11.

(d) Pioneer Roads. Road pioneering, slash disposal, and grubbing of stumps may proceed concurrently with excavation. Conduct excavation and placement operations so material to be treated under Section 201 will not be incorporated into the roadway unless specified in the slash treatment method. Maintain drainage during pioneering operations.

Remove snow and ice in advance of the work and deposit beyond the roadway limits in a manner that will not waste material or generate sediment. Do not incorporate snow and ice into embankments. Place snow or ice in a manner to prevent resource damage.

204.07 Subexcavation. Excavate material to the limits designated by the CO. Take cross-sections according to Section 152. Prevent unsuitable material from becoming mixed with the backfill. Dispose of unsuitable material according to Subsection 204.14. Backfill the subexcavation with topping, or other suitable material. Compact the material according to

Subsection 204.11.

204.08 Borrow Excavation. Use all suitable roadway excavation in embankment construction.

Do not use borrow excavation when it results in excess roadway excavation. Deduct excess borrow excavation from the appropriate borrow excavation quantity.

Obtain borrow source acceptance according to Subsection 105.02. Develop and restore borrow sources according to Subsection 105.03. Do not excavate beyond the established limits. When applicable, shape the borrow source to permit accurate measurements when excavation is complete.

204.09 Preparing Foundation for Embankment Construction. Prepare foundation for embankment construction as follows:

(a) Embankment less than 4 feet high over natural ground. When designated, remove topsoil and break up the ground surface to a minimum depth of 6 inches by plowing or scarifying. Compact the ground surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(b) Embankments over an existing asphalt, concrete, or gravel road surface. Scarify gravel roads to a minimum depth of 6 inches. Scarify or pulverize asphalt and concrete roads to 6 inches below the pavement. Reduce all particles to a maximum size of 6 inches and produce a uniform material. Compact the surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(c) Embankment across ground not capable of supporting equipment. Dump successive loads of embankment material in a uniformly distributed layer to construct the lower portion of the embankment. Limit the layer thickness to the minimum depth necessary to support the equipment.

(d) Embankment on an existing slope steeper than 1V:3H. Cut horizontal benches in the existing slope to a sufficient width to accommodate placement and compaction operations and equipment. Bench the slope as the embankment is placed and compacted in layers. Begin each bench at the intersection of the original ground and the vertical cut of the previous bench.

204.10 Embankment Construction. Incorporate only suitable roadway excavation material into the embankment. When the supply of suitable roadway excavation is exhausted, furnish unclassified borrow to complete the embankment. Obtain written approval before beginning construction of embankments over 6 feet high at subgrade centerline. Construct embankments as follows:

(a) General. At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the embankment surface to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

During all stages of construction, route and distribute hauling and leveling equipment over the width and length of each layer of material.

Compact embankment side slopes flatter than 1V:1.75H with a tamping type roller or by walking with a dozer. For slopes 1V:1.75H or steeper, compact the slopes as construction of the embankment progresses.

Where placing embankment on one side of abutments, wing walls, piers, or culvert headwalls, compact the material using methods that prevent excessive pressure against the structure.

Where placing embankment material on both sides of a concrete wall or box structure, conduct operations so compacted embankment material is at the same elevation on both sides of the structure.

Where structural pilings are placed in embankment locations, limit the maximum particle size to 4 inches.

(b) Embankment within the roadway prism. Place embankment material in horizontal layers not exceeding 12 inches in compacted thickness. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 12-inch layers by reducing them in size or placing them individually as required by (c) below. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

Material composed predominately of boulders or rock fragments too large for 12-inch layers may be placed in layers up to 24 inches thick. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 24-inch layer by reducing them in size or placing them individually according to (c) below. Place sufficient earth and smaller rocks to fill the voids. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(c) Individual rock fragments and boulders. Place individual rock fragments and boulders greater than 24 inches in diameter as follows:

(1) Reduce rock to less than 48 inches in the largest dimension.

(2) Distribute rock within the embankment to prevent nesting.

(3) Place layers of embankment material around each rock to a depth not greater than that permitted by (b) above. Fill all the voids between rocks.

(4) Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(d) Embankment outside of roadway prism. Where placing embankment outside the staked roadway prism, place material in horizontal layers not exceeding 24 inches in compacted thickness. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11.

204.11 Compaction. Compact the embankment using one of the following methods as specified:

Compaction A. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Level and smooth each embankment layer before placing the next layers. Operate hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer.

Construct a solid embankment with adequate compaction by working smaller rock and fines in with the larger rocks to fill the voids, and by operating hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer as the embankment is constructed.

Compaction B (roller compaction). Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Adjust the moisture content of the material to obtain a mass that will not visibly deflect under the load of the hauling and spreading equipment. Operate compaction equipment over the full width of each layer until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation or, if when a sheepsfoot roller is used, the roller

“walks out” of the layer. Make at least three complete passes.

Compaction C (grid-roller compaction). Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Material shall be visibly moist and suitable for compaction. Level and smooth each embankment layer before placing the next layer. Operate grid-rolling equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer until material is broken down to a maximum size SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS. Operate compaction equipment until visual displacement ceases. Make a t least three complete passes.

Compaction Equipment. Compaction equipment shall be capable of obtaining compaction requirements without detrimentally affecting the compacted material. The compacting units may be of any type, provided they are capable of compacting each lift of material as specified and meet the minimum requirements contained herein. Minimum requirements for rollers are as follows:

(a) Sheepsfoot, tamping, or grid-rollers shall be capable of exerting a force of 250 pounds per inch of width of roller drum.

(b) Steel wheel rollers, other than vibratory, shall be capable of exerting a force of not less than 250 pounds per inch of width of the compression roll or rolls.

(c) Vibratory steel-wheel rollers shall have a minimum weight of 6 tons. The compactor shall be equipped with amplitude and frequency controls and specifically designed to compact the material on which it is used.

(d) Vibratory steel-wheel or gird-rollers shall have a minimum weight of 11 tons for breaking down oversize materials. The compactor shall be equipped with amplitude and frequency controls and specifically designed to compact the material on which it is used.

(e) Pneumatic-tire rollers shall have smooth tread tires of equal size that will provide a uniform compacting pressure for the full width of the roller and capable of exerting a ground pressure of at least 80 psi.

(f) Heavier compacting units may be required to achieve the specified density of the embankment.

204.12 Ditches. Slope, grade, and shape ditches. Remove all projecting roots, stumps, rock, or similar matter. Maintain all ditches in an open condition and free from leaves, sticks, and other debris.

Form furrow ditches by plowing or using other acceptable methods to produce a continuous furrow. Place all excavated material on the downhill side so the bottom of the ditch is approximately 18 inches below the crest of the loose material. Clean the ditch using a hand shovel, ditcher, or other suitable method. Shape to provide drainage without overflow.

204.13 Sloping, Shaping, and Finishing. Complete slopes, ditches, culverts, riprap, and other underground minor structures before placing aggregate courses. Slope, shape, and finish as follows:

(a) Sloping. Leave all earth slopes with uniform roughened surfaces, except as described in (b) below, with no noticeable break as viewed from the road. Except in solid rock, round tops and bottoms of all slopes including the slopes of drainage ditches. Round material overlaying solid rock to the extent practical. Scale all rock slopes. Slope rounding is not required on tolerance class D though M roads.

If a slide or slipout occurs on a cut or embankment slope, remove or replace the material, and repair or restore all damage to the work. Bench or key the slope to stabilize the slide. Reshape the cut or embankment slope to an acceptable condition.

(b) Stepped slopes. Where required by the contract, construct steps on slopes of 1⅓V:1H to

1V:2H. Construct the steps approximately 18 inches high. Blend the steps into natural ground at the end of the cut. If the slope contains nonrippable rock outcrops, blend steps into the rock.

Remove loose material found in transitional area. Except for removing large rocks that may fall, scaling stepped slopes is not required.

(c) Shaping. Shape the subgrade to a smooth surface…