Trail Specifications.pdf

U.S. CUSTOMARY SPECIFICATION FOR CONSTRUCTION

AND MAINTENANCE OF TRAILS, PACIFIC NORTHWEST REGION

JULY 2005

Project Name : ARRA – BESSEMER MOUNTAIN ROADS DECOMMISSIONING

Date: 2/19/2010

Attached below are the Trail Specification specific to this project from U.S.

CUSTOMARY SPECIFICATION FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF

TRAILS, PACIFIC NORTHWEST REGION, JULY 2005

ROAD

LABEL

1 2 3 4 5 6

CONTRACT

OPTION

BASE

OPTION

A

OPTION

B

OPTION

C

Terminus

Begin Sta.166+00 Sta.0+00

Terminus

End Sta.313+50 Sta.147+50

Constr./

Reconstr.

NONE C NONE C

Section 906-Measurement and Payment

906.01 General. Measurement and payment for contract work will be made only for and under those pay items included in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS. All other work and materials will be considered incidental and included in the payment of the PAY ITEMS in the SCHEDULE OF

ITEMS.

When more than one class, size, or thickness is specified in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS for any PAY ITEM, suffixes will be added to the item number to differentiate between the items.

906.02 Determination of Quantities. The following measurements and calculations are to be used to determine contract quantities for payment:

Make measurements for seeding, geotextiles, and erosion control blankets along slope lines. For retaining walls, measure by the square foot of front wall face.

Measure structures according to neat lines SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or as altered by the CO in writing to fit field conditions. Make measurements along the centerline and parallel to the specified grade or foundation or as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

Deduct lengths for stairways, turnpike, puncheon, retaining walls, gabions, switchbacks, bridges, and bridge approaches from the measurement of excavation in Section 912 unless these items are specified as incidental to excavation in Section 912.

For standard manufactured items, such as fence, wire, plates, rolled shapes, and pipe conduits identified by gage, weight, section dimensions, and the like, such identification shall be considered the nominal weights or dimensions. Manufacturer's tolerances will be accepted unless controlled by tolerances in the cited specifications.

906.03 Units of Measurement. Payment will be made by units defined and determined according to United States customary units and by the following:

(a) Cubic Yard (CY). A measurement computed by one of the following methods:

Excavation, embankment, or borrow. The measurement computed by the average-end-area method from measurements made longitudinally along a centerline or other reference line.

Material in place or stockpiled The measurement computed with the dimensions of the in-place material using average-end-area method or prismodial formula.

Material in the Delivery Vehicle. The measurement computed using measurements of material in the hauling vehicles at the point of delivery. Vehicles shall be loaded to at least their water-level capacity. Leveling of the loads may be required when vehicles arrive at the delivery point.

(b) Each (EA). One complete unit, which may consist of one or more parts.

(c) Lump Sum (LS). The quantities that denote one complete unit of work as required by or described in the contract, including necessary materials, equipment, and labor to complete the job.

906.04 Methods of Measurement. One of the following methods of measurement for determining final payment is DESIGNATED ON THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS for each

PAY ITEM:

(a) Designed Quantities (DQ). These quantities denote the final number of units to be paid for under the terms of the contract. They are based upon the original design data available prior to advertising the project. Original design data include the preliminary survey information, design assumptions, calculations, and drawings. Changes in the number of units DESIGNATED IN

THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS may be authorized under the following conditions:

(1) As a result of changes in the work approved by the CO.

As a result of the CO determining that errors exist in the original design that cause a

PAY ITEM quantity to change by 15 percent or more.

As a result of the contractor submitting to the CO a written request showing evidence of errors in the original design that cause a PAY ITEM quantity to change by 15 percent or more. The evidence must be verifiable and consist of calculations, drawings, or other data that show how the designed quantity is believed to be in error.

Staked Quantities (SQ). These quantities are determined from staked measurements prior to the construction.

Actual Quantities (AQ). These quantities are determined from measurement of completed work.

Vehicle Quantities (VQ). These quantities are measured or weighed in hauling vehicles.

Lump Sum Quantities (LSQ). These quantities denote one complete unit of work as required by or described in the contract, including necessary materials, equipment, and labor to complete the job.

906.05 Government-Furnished Materials. When materials are furnished by the Forest

Service, the note "Government-Furnished Materials" will be added to the description of the

PAY ITEM.

SECTION 911-CLEARING AND GRUBBING

Description

911.01 Work. Work consists of clearing, grubbing, trimming, removing, or treating trees, logs, limbs, branches, brush, plants, and other vegetation within the clearing limits. Work includes the felling and treatment of designated trees outside the clearing limits. Also included are the protection from injury or defacement of trees and other objects not designated for removal and the treatment of damaged trees.

Construction

911.02 Clearing Limits. Clear to the dimensions SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or 12" beyond the fill and backslope catch points, whichever is greater.

911.03 Material to Be Cleared. Remove and dispose of trees, logs, limbs, branches, brush, herbaceous plants, and other vegetation within the clearing limits, except for the following:

a) Live, sound, and firmly rooted trees of the size SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

b) Live brush, herbaceous plants, and trees between the trailway and the clearing limits that are less than 12" in height and less than ½" in diameter at ground line.

Except as provided above, cut all limbs and branches more than ½" in diameter that extend into the clearing limits. Cut limbs flush with the tree trunks or stems or cut at the ground surface as

SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

Fall and limb designated trees.

911.04 Damaged Trees. When felling, cutting, or trimming, do not cause bark damage to standing timber.

If damage does occur to standing trees, treat the injured trees as SHOWN ON THE

DRAWINGS. Remove and dispose of trees with major roots exposed by construction that are rendered unstable.

911.05 Removal of Stumps. Remove all stumps within the trailbed. Remove stumps located between the edge of the trailbed and the edge of the tramway that cannot be cut flush with the finished slope or that are not tightly rooted.

911.06 Disposal of Clearing Slash, Logs, Stumps, Brush, and Roots. Limb all felled trees to a 4" diameter top, including designated trees outside the clearing limits. Do not place clearing slash, logs, stumps, brush, or roots in concentrated piles. Scatter all logs, limbs, lopped tops, brush, and grubbed stumps and roots below the trailway and outside the clearing limits, with the following exceptions:

(a) Where the sideslope above the trail is less than 10 percent, material may be scattered above the trail.

(b) Logs may be left on the uphill side of the trail if they are placed so that they will not move into the clearing limits.

Do not place clearing and grubbing debris in water courses, snow ponds, lakes, meadows, or in locations where it could impede the flows to, through, or from drainage structures.

Measurement

911.07 Method. Measure the quantities in accordance with Section 906.

Payment

911.08 Basis. Pay for the accepted quantities in accordance with Section 906 at the contract unit price for each PAY ITEM SHOWN IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Make payment under:

PAY ITEM PAY UNIT

911(01) Clearing and Grubbing .......................................................................mi

911(02) Clearing and Grubbing ....................................................................... LF

911(03) Clearing and Grubbing ....................................................................... LS

911(04) Clearing ..............................................................................................mi

911(05) Clearing .............................................................................................. LF

911(06) Clearing .............................................................................................. LS

911(07) Grubbing .............................................................................................mi

911(08) Grubbing ............................................................................................. LF

911(09) Grubbing ............................................................................................. LS

911(10) Individual Removal and Disposal ....................................................... EA

911(11) Individual Removal and Disposal ...................................................... LS

Section 912-Excavation and Embankment Description

912.01 Work. Work consists of the excavation and placement of excavated material, regardless of its nature, from within the trailway or from other sources, except for material included under other pay items SHOWN IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Includes excavation, embankment, and backfill construction required to shape and finish the trailbed, ditches, backslopes, fill slopes, drainage dips, trail passing sections, and turnouts. Also includes excavation and embankment work required to construct shallow stream fords and gully crossings, talus and rubble rock sections, and climbing turns.

Materials:

912.02 Requirements. Use materials meeting the requirements of the following sections:

961 - Rock, Grid Pavement Units, and Aggregate

962 - Material for Timber Structures

964 - Geosynthetics

Construction

912.03 Use and Disposal of Excavated Material. Conserve and use all suitable material for specified work. Conserve excess excavated rock suitable for specified project work and use in place of materials from designated sources.

Remove all duff and debris from within trailway limits and uniformly spread outside the clearing limits, not more than 4" in depth (unless otherwise SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS).

Do not obstruct drainage or create piles, berms, or windrows of debris.

Place excess and unsuitable excavation beyond the downslope edge of the trailbed Do not obstruct drainage and spread to a depth not exceeding 4". This includes any material removed in the grubbing operation and deposited in the same area.

Place rocks over 4" in greatest dimension not used in construction beyond the hinge point on the downslope side. Place rocks so that the tops are at least 6" lower than the trailbed surface.

Ensure that no blockage of drainage or creation of a windrow effect occurs.

912.04 Trailway Excavation and Embankment. Minor deviations of ± 12" in vertical alignment and 36" in horizontal alignment with smooth transitions of at least 30' on each side of the deviation are acceptable unless otherwise SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

Construct embankments with suitable compacted material. Compact all disturbed soil within the trailbed area.

Remove any rock within or above the backslopes that is unstable. Use or dispose of rock in accordance with Subsection 912.03.

Leave the finished slope in a uniform and roughened condition.

Make necessary adjustments of horizontal or vertical alignment, within the tolerances specified in this subsection, to produce the designed trailway section and balance earthwork.

Such adjustments shall not be considered as changes.

912.05 Trailbed Finish. Fill holes with suitable material, compact, and cut high points to provide a uniform trailbed finish.

912.06 Talus or Rubble Rock Sections. Through talus or rubble rock slide areas, fill all voids with suitable material to the depth SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS. Use cap rocks that weigh a minimum of 130 lbs and have a length of at least twice their width. At least 50 percent of all hand-placed outer rocks should weigh a minimum of 130 lbs. Construct tread by building out rather than by removing material from the inner bank.

912.07 Ditches. Construct ditches to be free of loose rocks, roots, sticks, and other obstructions.

912.08 Geosynthetics. Where SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS, place geosynthetics flat and parallel to centerline of the trail before placing embankment. Overlap geosynthetics a minimum of 24". Install anchors or fasteners as recommended by the geosynthetic manufacturer.

Measurement

912.09 Method. Measure the quantities in accordance with Section 906.

SPECIAL PROJECT SPECIFICATION

926 F1

SECTION 926 - DITCHES

926.01 General. This work shall include constructing parallel ditches, lead-off ditches, wing ditches, and parallel ditches with side-poles as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS, FS-

7700-105-R6. At locations staked on the ground and/or shown in the construction log.

926.02 Construction. All ditches shall be excavated to the dimensions SHOWN ON THE

DRAWINGS. The finished ditches shall be free of rocks, roots, sticks, and other obstructing materials. Excavated material shall not be piled or diked along the ditches; it shall be used as directed by the COR for tread building, backfilling gullies, or scattered outside the clearing limits, not more than 100 mm deep.

926.03 Catch Basins. A catch basin shall be constructed at each Culvert. The catch basin shall be constructed AS SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS and shall be excavated to fit the dimensions of each specific culvert or drainage structure.

926.04 Measurement. The quantity to be paid for will be measured in accordance with

Section 906.

926.05 Basis. The accepted quantities will be paid for in accordance with Section 906 at the contract unit price for each pay item SHOWN IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Unless shown in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS, catch basins shall be considered incidental to ditch construction.

Payment shall be made under:

PAY ITEM

PAY UNIT

926(01) Lead-Off Ditches M

926(02) Parallel Ditches M

926(03) Parallel Ditches with Side

Poles

M

926(04) Wing Ditches M

926 (05) Catch Basins EA

SECTION 941 – AGGREGATE SURFACING & BASE COURSE

Description

941.01 Work. This work consists of furnishing, hauling, watering, placing, and compacting aggregate surfacing or base course; furnishing and installing retainers; and geosynthetics.

Materials

941.02 Requirements. Use materials meeting the requirements of the following sections:

961 - Rock, Grid Pavement Units, and Aggregate

962 – Material for Timber Structures

964 - Geosynthetics

Produce aggregate by pit run, screening, or crushing. Obtain materials from sources

SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or other sources approved by the CO in writing.

941.03 Handling Materials. Stockpile, remove, transport, and spread aggregates in a manner that will preserve specified gradation and avoid contamination. Do not intermingle stockpiles of aggregate having different gradations.

941.04 Sampling Aggregate. Submit test results and a Certificate of Compliance verifying that aggregate gradation meets contract requirements.

Sample the material before incorporation into the work as follows:

For onsite-produced materials at crushing or screening plants, after additions of any necessary blending material.

For commercially produced aggregates, at the producer's plant or stockpile.

The sampling will not be considered a final acceptance and will not preclude later sampling and testing after final processing of the material. Such sampling does not relieve the contractor of responsibility of providing quality control measures to ensure compliance with contract requirements.

Construction

941.05 Preparation of Subgrade. Prepare and finish trailbed as required under Section

912. Obtain written approval of the CO before placing aggregate.

941.06 Spreading and Compacting. Use aggregate that is uniformly mixed at optimum moisture content and spread and compact in layers to the final thickness and width

SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS. The maximum thickness of any one layer shall be 3".

Obtain compaction by one of the following methods as SHOWN IN THE SCHEDULE

OF ITEMS:

(a) By hand, using non-mechanized compaction tools over the full area of each layer until visual displacement ceases;

(b) By mechanical vibratory compactors over the full area of each layer until visual displacement ceases, but not fewer than three complete passes;

(c) By using a roller or mechanical hand tamper until the density is at least 90 percent of the maximum density, as determined by AASHTO T 99, Method C or D.

Immediately following final spreading, smoothing, and compacting, correct any irregularities or depressions that develop by adding or removing material until the surface is smooth, uniform, and compacted.

941.07 Acceptance, Testing, Sampling, and Tolerances. Do not vary the total compacted thickness of the aggregate by more or less than ¾" from the specified thickness.

Do not vary the aggregate width by more than ± 2" from the specified width.

941.08 Timber, Log, or Rock Retainers. Bed retainers along their entire length and as

SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

Measurement

941.09 Method. Measure the quantities in accordance with Section 906

Section 961 Rock, Grid Pavement Units, and Aggregate

961.01 Rock. Use sound, durable rock free of rifts, seams, laminations, and minerals that could deteriorate as a result of weathering. Dress rock to remove thin or weak portions before use.

Furnish rock of the size, shape, weight, and face area necessary to produce the general characteristics and appearance SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

961.02 Gabion Rock. Ensure that rock conforms to the requirements of Section 961.01 and the following specifications.

Unit weight of a filled gabion: 3,500 lb/CY min.

Gradation:

(1) Gabions 12" or greater in the vertical dimension:

Maximum dimension of rock ........ ….….. 8"

Minimum dimension of rock ............ …... 4"

(2) Gabions less than 12" in the vertical dimension:

Maximum dimension of rock ............ ….. 6"

Minimum dimension of rock ............ …... 3"

961.03 Concrete Grid Pavement Units. Use concrete grid pavement units that meet the requirements of ASTM C 936.

961.04 Pit-Run Aggregate. Use pit-run aggregates consisting of native materials that can be placed on the trail without crushing or screening. No gradation, other than a maximum size, will be required. Provide pit-run aggregate with a maximum size as SHOWN IN THE

SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

961.05 Screened Aggregate. Use screened material consisting of gravel, talus, rock, sand, shale, or other suitable material that is reasonably hard, durable, and free of organic material, mica, clay lumps, or other deleterious material. Use screened aggregate meeting the gradation requirements shown in Table 961-1 and of the grading SHOWN IN THE

SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

961.06 Crushed Aggregate for Base or Surface Course. Use crushed aggregate meeting the requirements of Tables 961-1 and 961-2 and SHOWN IN THE SCHEDULE OF

ITEMS.

At least 50 percent, by weight, of the aggregate retained on the No. 4 sieve is to have one fractured face. Naturally fractured faces may be included in the 50 percent requirement.

The CO may approve other gradations if they are similar to those specified. Grade aggregate from coarse to fine within the gradation band.

Table 961-1-Crushed and screened aggregate grading requirements for base or surface courses.

Percent Passing

(AASHTO T 11 and T 27)

Sieve Grading A Grading B Grading C Grading D 1"

¾" 100 100

½" 50-90 70-100

3/8" 100 100

No. 4 30-65 45-75 60-85 70-90

No. 8 25-55 30-60 35-70 45-70

No. 30 15-40 20-40

No. 200 6-12 6-20 5-20 5-20

Table 961-2.-Crushed Aggregate Quality Requirements

Description AASHTO Test Method Requirement

Percent Wear T 96 40 Max.

Durability Index, Coarse and Fine T 211 35 Min.

Liquid Limit T 89 35 Max.

Plasticity Index T 91 2-11