Fuel Storage and Delivery Systems CSTO.pdf

Mission Support Business Model

Configuration Standard

Technical Order

Fuel Storage and Delivery Systems

SILC-CSTO-36-71 91 11 23-02

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Commander United States Coast Guard Shore Infrastructure Logistics Center

300 East Main Street, Suite 800 Norfolk, VA 23510-9104 Staff Symbol: (C) Phone: (757) 628-4243 Fax: (757) 628-4322 Email: John.F.Barresi@uscg.mil

11000

13 March 2023

Subj: FUEL STORAGE AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS CSTO

Ref: a) Civil Engineering Manual, COMDTINST M11000.11 (series)

b) Shore Infrastructure – Mission Support Business Model Requirements Directive

Technical Order, SILC-RDTO-36-11 29 11 00-01 (latest)

1. PURPOSE. This Configuration Standard Technical Order (CSTO) establishes standards for fuel storage and delivery systems to prevent environmental releases of petroleum products, reduce lifecycle costs, and institute consistent design standards. Compliance with this standard improves maintenance capabilities across the Coast Guard (CG) enterprise. Maintaining consistent configuration standards across the shore infrastructure enterprise allows field personnel to more readily identify functional and conditional deficiencies in assets. This CSTO also provides consistent design guidance for above ground storage tanks (ASTs) and underground storage tanks (USTs) to enhance environmental protection and minimize total ownership costs and other factors throughout the lifecycle of the tank.

2. ACTION. In accordance with references (a) and (b), this technical order shall be used by all design engineers (Civil Engineering Units [CEUs], Facilities Design and Construction Center [FDCC], and unit level Facilities Engineering Departments) during the planning, design, acquisition, installation, repair, and decommissioning of fuel storage systems. It shall be used by all Engineering Officers, Engineering Petty Officers, Facility Engineers, and other facility managers to ensure that any changes made to fuel tanks and other fuel storage system components are in accordance with this technical order.

3. AUTHORIZATION. This technical order has been reviewed and is authorized by the Shore Infrastructure Logistics Center (SILC) Commander.

4. DIRECTIVES / TECHNICAL ORDERS AFFECTED. This document is developed as a requirement of and in support of PETROLEUM, OIL, AND LUBRICANT (POL) STORAGE SYSTEM MANAGEMENT, CI 5090.9A (series).

5. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT AND IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS.

a. The development of this technical order and the guidance contained within it have been thoroughly reviewed by the originating office in conjunction with SILC Environmental Management Division (EMD). This guidance is categorically excluded under current Department of Homeland Security (DHS) categorical exclusion L5 from further environmental analysis in accordance with the U.S. Coast Guard Environmental Planning Policy, COMDTINST 5090.1 (series).

mailto:John.F.Barresi@uscg.mil

Subj: FUEL STORAGE AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS CSTO 11000

b. This guidance will not result in any substantial change to existing environmental conditions or violations of any applicable Federal, state, local laws relating to the protection of the environment. All future specific actions resulting from the general guidance in this technical order must be individually evaluated for compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and other applicable environmental mandates, consistent with Coast Guard Environmental Planning Policy.

6. DISTRIBUTION. The SILC Configuration Manager posts an electronic version of this technical order in the Coast Guard Technical Information Management System (CG- TIMS) and adds the document in the Approved Technical Order Library on the SILC's Configuration Management site on the CG Portal. No paper distribution will be made of this document.

7. SCOPE. The standards described in this technical order shall be implemented in accordance the following constraints.

a. TECHNICAL AUTHORITY. The technical authority for this technical order is the SILC Commander. Additional roles and responsibilities associated with executing this configuration standard are identified in Section 1.3 of this technical order.

b. ASSETS / SERVICES. This technical order defines the functional configuration requirements for fuel tanks 5,000 gallons and greater with Category Codes 121-50, 122-30, 123-30, 821-60 and 411-01 throughout the Coast Guard. This also addresses UNIFORMAT II code of F104002 for petroleum storage tanks less than 5,000 gallons throughout the Coast Guard. Functional configuration shall be applied to new tanks, as well as major alterations, improvements, or changes of existing tanks.

8. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT. All asset and equipment data for tanks and associated accessories shall be maintained within the Coast Guard SILC-maintained Information Technology (IT) system Shore Asset Management (SAM). Guidance for accessing, utilizing, modifying, and maintaining data in these systems can be obtained from the SILC Business Information Services Branch (BISB).

9. TRAINING. Implementation of this technical order does not require training beyond standard Coast Guard requirements for personnel.

10. DEVELOPMENT TEAM. The following authorities and subject matter experts were significantly involved in producing this technical order.

Name Position Organization

CDR Eric Para Mission Support Product Line Manager

CEU Providence

CDR Maile Tesler Deputy Mission Support Product Line Manager

CEU Providence

LCDR Liam McCue Product Line Branch Chief CEU Providence

Subj: FUEL STORAGE AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS CSTO 11000

Name Position Organization

LCDR Nick Woessner Project Engineer Office of Energy Management

(CG-46)

Mr. Michael Andrews Environmental Management Branch Chief

CEU Providence

11. FORMS / REPORTS. Design engineers shall fill out the Fit, Form, and Function Checklist found in Appendix A of this document for each project in order to determine the potential of impact to the fuel storage system configuration.

12. REQUEST FOR CHANGES. Submit recommendations for technical order improvements, waivers, or corrections in accordance with the Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) PGTO.

J. F. BARRESI

Captain, U.S. Coast Guard

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i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Overview

1.1 Configuration Standard Summary

1.2 Applicability

1.3 Roles and Responsibilities

2 Technical Requirements

2.1 Organization

2.2 Technical Requirements

2.2.1 Containment

2.2.2 Configuration of Fuel Dispensing Equipment for Marine Crafts

2.2.3 Standard Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks Less Than 5,000 Gallons

2.2.4 Alternate Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks Less Than 5,000 Gallons

2.2.5 Standard Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks 5,000 to 10,500 Gallons

2.2.6 Alternate Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks 5,000 to 10,500 Gallons

2.2.7 Standard Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks 10,501 Gallons or Greater

2.2.8 Alternate Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks 10,500 to 50,000 Gallons

2.2.9 Site Specific Needs

2.2.10 Tank Warranty

2.2.11 Tank Placards and Labeling

2.2.12 List of Commonly Used Flammable Liquids and Key Characteristics

2.2.13 List of Industry Standard Recommended Practices and Design Standards

2.3 Operational Considerations

2.4 Decommissioning Considerations

3 References

4 Definitions

Appendix A – Fit, Form, and Function Checklist ................................................................................. A-1

1 OVERVIEW

1.1 Configuration Standard Summary

This Configuration Standard Technical Order (CSTO) establishes standards associated with the planning, design, acquisition and installation, repair, and decommissioning of fuel storage and delivery systems to prevent releases to the environment, minimize lifecycle costs, and improve the ability of field personnel to conduct inspection and maintenance activities across the Coast Guard enterprise.

This CSTO is the direct result of collaboration between the Mission Support Product Line (MSPL), the Coast Guard Office of Energy Management (CG-46), and the Environmental Management Division (EMD) of the Shore Infrastructure Logistics Center (SILC).

1.2 Applicability

This CSTO applies to fuel storage systems with tanks (5,000 gallons and greater), as defined by the United States Coast Guard (USCG) Facilities Classification Guide and listed by Category Code (CATCODE) in Table 1-1. This CSTO also applies to fuel storage systems with tanks less than 5,000 gallons, defined with the UNIFORMAT II description for equipment and listed in Table 1-2.

Figure 1-1 provides a decision chart to help determine the applicability of this CSTO, for new and replacement of fuel storage tanks as well as major repairs or alterations to fuel storage tanks and other components. This CSTO does not provide requirements for integral generator-based fuel tanks.

Table 1-1: Applicable Assets (Fuel tanks 5,000 gallons and greater) CATCODE CATCODE Description Level of Configuration

121-50 Aircraft Operating Fuel Storage Tank Configured

122-30 Marine Operating Fuel Storage Configured

123-30 Land Vehicle Operating Fuel Storage Configured

821-60 Heating Operating Fuel Storage Configured

411-01 Miscellaneous Bulk Liquid Fuel Storage Configured

Table 1-2: Applicable Assets / Equipment (Fuel tanks less than 5,000 gallons)

UNIFORMAT Code UNIFORMAT II Description Level of Configuration

F104002 Liquid and Gas Storage Tanks Configured

Figure 1-1: Decision Chart

1.3 Roles and Responsibilities

The technical authority for this configuration standard is the SILC Commander. Table 1-3 enumerates the roles and responsibilities for executing the standards defined in this technical order. The following “RASCI” codes are used:

R = Responsible: Those who do the work (typically only one Responsible per task).

A = Approver: The one ultimately accountable for the deliverable or task (must have only one Approver per task).

S = Supports: Those who provide resources, information, expertise or other assistance in completing of the task. A Supports role indicates more intensive and consistent involvement than just being identified in a Consulted role.

C = Consulted: Those whose opinions are sought (two-way communications).

I = Informed: Those who are kept up-to-date on progress (one-way communication).

Table 1-3: Roles and Responsibilities RASCI Matrix

Task, Deliverable, or Responsibility M

SP

L P ro du ct Li ne M an ag er (P

LM

M

SP

L a nd

T

OP

L P ro du ce

Li ne

B ra nc h

Ch ie f

Ci vil

W or ks A ss et

Li ne

M an ag er

(A

LM

M

SP

L P ro cu re m en t, Co ns tru ct io n, a nd

Im pr ov em en t (

PC

I) Pl an ne r

Ci vil

E ng in ee rin g U ni ts

(C

EU

s)

Av ia tio n

Lo gi st ics

C en te r (

AL

C)

Su rfa ce F or ce s L og ist ics

C en te r (

SF

LC

SI

LC

CG

-4

CG

-4

/ E M

D Re gi on al H ea lth

, S af et y, a nd

W el ln es s

Ba se o r H ea dq ua rt er s F ac ili tie s E ng in ee r

Fa cil ity D es ig n an d Co ns tr uc tio n Ce nt er

(F

DC

C)

Establish Standards S R S C C C C A C C C I C Prioritize Projects A C S C R I I C I Manage Procurement, Construction, and Improvement (PC&I) Projects

C S S S I A C C R

Manage Depot Level Projects A S C C R I I C

Assess Physical Baseline I A S I I I I C R I Ensure Compliance with Standards*

A S S S R I I C S R

Complete Fit, Form, and Function Checklist

S A R S S

*Regional CEUs and FDCC will be responsible for their individual projects.

2 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 Organization

This section of the Fuel Storage Systems CSTO establishes the configuration of fuel storage tanks. Sections 2.2.3 – 2.2.8 provide the technical requirements for the design and installation of Above Ground Storage Tanks (AST) and Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FGRP) Underground Storage Tanks (UST). These sections are summarized in Table 2-1.

Sections 2.2.9 – 2.4 apply to all fuel storage tanks irrespective of size (unless otherwise noted).

Table 2-1: Tank Style by Usage

Capacity Configuration Tank Style UNIFORMAT II / CATCODE Section

< 5,000 Gallons Standard

Meet UL 2085; Horizontal double-walled steel AST or Horizontal concrete encased and lined steel AST.

F104002 2.2.2

< 5,000 Gallons Alternate Horizontal double-walled

FGRP UST F104002 2.2.3

5,000-10,500 gallons Standard

Meet UL 2085; Horizontal concrete encased and lined steel AST, or Horizontal double-walled steel AST

121-50 122-30 123-30 821-60

2.2.4

5,000-10,500 gallons Alternate Horizontal double-walled

FGRP UST

121-50 122-30 123-30

821-60, 121-50 122-30 123-30 821-60

2.2.5

10,501 to 50,000 gallons Standard Horizontal single-walled and diked steel AST

411-01, 121-50 122-30 123-30 821-60

2.2.6

10,501 to 50,000 gallons Alternate Horizontal double walled

FGRP UST 411-01 2.2.8

> 50,000 gallons Class I Flammable Liquids

Vertical single-walled and diked steel AST with a floating pan

411-01 2.2.7

> 50,000 gallons Class II or III Flammable Liquids

Vertical single-walled and diked steel AST with a fixed cone roof

411-01 2.2.7

2.2 Technical Requirements

Fuel storage tanks are installed at numerous units around the Coast Guard in support of shore, surface, and aviation operations. All fuel storage tank installations must comply with Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 40 CFR 112, 40 CFR 280, state, and local regulations, including registration and permitting requirements. In instances where requirements conflict, the more stringent requirements shall be followed.

Tanks shall be listed in unit Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plans in accordance with 40 CFR 112 and COMDTINST 5090.9A; Emergency Response Assistance Plans (ERAP), Oil Discharge Contingency Plans (ODCP), Facility Response Plans (FRP) and Unit Spill Prevention and Response Plans (SPRP). Modifications or updates to these plans may be required as a result of installation, modification, or demolition of tanks or other fuel storage system infrastructure components. When such is the case, projects (and associated contract scopes of work) must address and incorporate necessary and appropriate document updates.

The first characteristic is the capacity of the tank, which is based on the needs of the intended end user. The capacity of each fuel tank is derived from the logistical or mission requirements of the facility. The appropriate logistics center will provide guidance on how to correctly size tanks for specific units (see Section 2.2.9.5). Therefore, designers shall first consult the Integrated Logistics Support Plan (ILSP). If one is not available for reference, then guidance for tank storage capacity in the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 2-000-05N (P-80), Facility Planning Criteria for Navy/Marine Corps Shore Installations shall be used. For units that require large quantities of fuel (storage needs over 40,000 gallons), it is ideal to provide a minimum of two tanks for each type of fuel utilized to increase the mission reliability of the fuel storage facility.

For smaller non-aviation units requiring supplies of two products not exceeding 10,501 gallons each, the business case analysis indicates that it is more economical to install one multi-compartmented tank.

Maintaining fuel quality is paramount to support USCG operations. All tanks shall have a sump or efficient method to remove water from the tank. Prolonged water presence rapidly degrades fuel quality, which at the least increases operational asset maintenance, and can halt aviation operations.

While tanks smaller than 5,000 gallons are classified as equipment, as opposed to real property, they have great similarity in requirements with larger fuel tanks. Therefore, this CSTO establishes tanks less than 5,000 gallons as a configured item.

Most fuel tank systems require piping and pumping components to be standardized. Designers shall conform to any applicable standards associated with the CATCODES listed below when designing associated piping, pumping, and handling systems connected to fuel tanks.

Table 2-2: Category Codes and Descriptions

Category Code Description CATCODE 121-10/20 Aircraft Direct/Truck Fueling Stations CATCODE 122-10/20 Marine Fueling Facility Large/Small CATCODE 123-10 Land Vehicle Fueling Facility CATCODE 125-10 POL (Petroleum, Oil and Lubricant) Pipelines

Category Code Description CATCODE 125-20 Fuel Pump House

For tanks installed in areas prone to earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes, designers shall anchor and secure fuel tanks and distribution lines to reduce to risk of fuel leakage, fire, explosions, and damage to surrounding property and people.

2.2.1 Containment

All tanks secondary containment shall be sized to contain at least 110% of the largest tank installed and or sufficient to handle the leak of the largest tank plus the largest rainfall event in the past 25-year period, whichever is larger. Containment must be liquid tight and impervious to leaking the stored liquid. If containment is constructed from concrete block, ensure blocks are filled concrete and not open type.

Walls over 18-inches must be constructed with steps to cross over on both sides.

If a wall is installed over 6-feet in height, there must be two methods of egress.

2.2.2 Configuration of Fuel Dispensing Equipment for Marine Crafts Dispensing equipment shall follow applicable state codes. When possible, dispensing equipment shall be located onshore or on a fixed dock for stability, vice a floating dock. Pier space for fueling of marine craft shall be a dedicated space used exclusively for the dispensing or transfer or petroleum products to or from marine craft in accordance with Section 2310.3.1 of the 2021 International Fire Code. Hoses and nozzles shall be by means of an approved-type hose suitable for dispensing of Class I, II, or IIIA liquids into the fuel tanks of marine crafts.

Nozzles shall be automatically closing and without a latch-open device in accordance with Section 2310.3.3 of the 2021 International Fire Code. Fuel nozzles shall be stored in an enclosure with a secondary drip pan underneath to contain small leaks and dripping fuel.

Figure 2-1: Example Dispensing Equipment for Marine Crafts (Small Application) – Drip Pan Not Shown

Per International Fire Code requirements, designers shall install emergency disconnect switches to stop the transfer of fuel-to-fuel dispensers in the event of a fuel spill or other emergency. The disconnect switch shall be readily accessible and located within 100 feet but not less than 20 feet from fuel dispensers. These shut-off or cut-off switches shall be distinctly labeled as “Emergency Fuel Shutoff”. Height of the switch shall be not less than 42 inches but no more than 48 inches measured vertically from floor level to the activating button. Dispensing devices must be installed at least 50-feet from the tank unless it’s an Underwriters Laboratories (UL) UL-2085 protected tank.

2.2.3 Standard Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks Less Than 5,000 Gallons

This section applies to fuel tanks less than 5,000 gallons in capacity. Standards for belly tanks integral to emergency generators or other systems with integral tanks are not included in this document.

2.2.3.1 Horizontal Steel Double Walled Fuel AST and General Configuration Fuel storage tanks with a capacity less than 5,000 gallons may be double-walled, horizontal ASTs or concrete encased steel ASTs. All tanks of this size shall meet Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 2085: Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids.

Double-walled, steel horizontal ASTs shall meet the following:

1. The steel tank shall be liquid tight and fully welded in accordance with UL 142.

2. The inner steel tank shall be 3/16 inch thick at a minimum in accordance with Chapter 8-

5.2 of UFC 3-460-01.

3. Install on level surface in accordance with Chapter 8-5.2 of UFC 3-460-01.

4. An example of a horizontal double walled shown in Figure 2-2.

Figure 2-2: Example Horizontal Double Walled Steel AST Configuration (<5,000 gallons)

2.2.3.2 Concrete Encased Steel ASTs

A concrete encased steel AST configuration example is provided in Figure 2-3. These ASTs shall be provided with secondary containment in the form of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) liner located between the steel tank and concrete portions of the tank and designed to contain the entire contents of the tank in the event of a failure of the steel tank. These tanks shall be designed with the following design characteristics:

1. The HDPE liner shall be liquid tight, chemically compatible to the fuel product, and completely encompass the tank, with the exception of any tank fittings. The HDPE liner thickness will comply with the manufacturer’s specifications for the fuel product.

2. Appurtenances and accessories shall not be affixed to the sides of concrete encased tanks unless specified specifically by the manufacturer. In general, drilling and anchoring accessories using bolts compromises the protective nature of the concrete encasement.

Utilization of manufacturer designed mounting points for accessories is preferred.

3. The steel tank shall comply with the manufacturer’s specifications for the fuel product, be liquid tight and fully welded.

4. The concrete encasement shall comply with the manufacturer’s specifications for the fuel product and consist of reinforced concrete.

5. The tank bottom shall slope downward at a grade of 1 percent accordance with UFC 3-460-01, Design of Petroleum Fuel Facilities.

6. The tank’s outer concrete encasement shall have a smooth finish.

7. The tank’s supporting feet shall be concrete.

8. The tank shall be equipped with a means to inspect the primary tank for leaks.

Additionally, all fuel tanks shall be designed to comply with the following design codes, standards, and Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) Listings:

1. National Fire Protection Act (NFPA) 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

2. NFPA 780: Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems

3. UL 142: Standard for Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Figure 2-3: Example Horizontal Concrete Encased Steel AST Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks (<5,000 gallons)

2.2.3.3 Tank Location

In order to protect fuel tanks from nearby hazards and vice-versa, tanks shall be installed outside of buildings and spaced according to the guidance in UFC 3-460-01, Chapter 22.4.1 of NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 2021 Edition, and Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages, NFPA 30A. Aboveground tanks must be installed in a location that meets the local set back and building distance requirements from local state or city control requirements. Types of tanks may limit the distance requirements (vaulted, fire resistant, insulated, or fire protected). Storage tanks shall be located away from public ways, property lines, and other buildings in accordance with Chapter 22.4.1 of NFPA 30. Additionally, minimum shell to shell spacing of aboveground fuel tanks shall be in accordance with Chapter 22.4.2 of NFPA 30. Please note that in some instances, petroleum fuel tanks less than 5,000 gallons are located on piers. In cases where a tank cannot be installed outside and must be installed within a building, a waiver to install an indoor tank shall be pursued through an Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) Type II (Deviation).

Table 2-3: Minimum Tank Setbacks

Minimum Distance (ft)

Tank Capacity

(gal)

From Property Line that Is or Can Be Built Upon, Including the Opposite Side of a

Public Way

From Nearest Side of Any Public Way or from Nearest Important

Building on the Same Property

275 or less 5 5 276 to 750 10 5

751 to 12,000

15 5

12,001 to 30,000

20 5

30,001 to 50,000

30 10

50,001 to 100,000

50 15

100,001 to 500,000

80 25

500,001 to 1,000,000

100 35

1,000,001 to 2,000,000

135 45

2,000,001 to 3,000,000

165 55

3,000,001 or more

175 60

For SI units, 1 ft = 0.3 m; 1 gal = 3.8 L.

2.2.3.4 Tank Coatings

To prevent corrosion, proper coating of tanks is critical. All above ground storage tanks included in Sections 2.2.2, 2.2.4, and 2.2.6 shall be coated to maintain the integrity of the tank’s secondary containment and to corrosion and water intrusion. The interior and exterior coatings of fuel tanks are listed in Table 2-4. The tank’s exterior color shall be in accordance with local or state requirements. The standard color shall be gray in the absence of local or state requirements. All exposed nipples and other exposed non-stainless steel metal devices inherent to the tank shall be powder coated to prevent corrosion. Coatings for double-walled steel AST shall utilize Unified Facility Guide Specifications (UFGS) 09 97 13.27, Exterior Coating of Steel Structures for exterior coatings, and UFGS 09 97 13.17, Three Coat Epoxy Interior Coating of Welded Steel Petroleum Fuel Tanks for interior coatings. Coatings for shop-built tanks shall be factory applied. Coatings offered by vendors, and not listed in Table 2-4, shall be approved by designers for adherence to UFC 3-460-01, UFGS 09 97 13.27, and UFGS 09 97 13.17.

Table 2-4: Interior and Exterior Tank Coatings Based on Style of Tank Installed

Tank Style Exterior Coating

Exterior Coating Guide Spec

Interior Coating

Interior Coating Requirements

Interior Coating Guide Spec

Horizontal, Rectangular Concrete encased Steel AST

2-part water-based epoxy to prevent water intrusion & concrete spalling

None 3 Coats of Epoxy

100% of interior to include tank walls, roof, and floor.

UFGS

09 97 13.17

Horizontal, double walled steel

AST

3 Coats of Epoxy;

consider polyester glassflake or similar coating for saltwater submersion protection

None 3 Coats of Epoxy

100% of interior to include tank walls, roof, and floor.

UFGS

09 97 13.17

2.2.3.5 Tank Protection

Fuel tanks shall be protected from vehicular or other impact on all sides. The installation location shall prevent inadvertent collisions with vehicles, forklifts, or other equipment.

Stationary bollards (See the Security Infrastructure CSTO SILC-CSTO-36-11 31 21-01 for CATCODE 730-26, Security Support Facility) are required to protect the tank and shall be placed in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. Bollards are not required when fuel tanks are protected by structures that provide protection similar to bollards (e.g., a wall or other structure).

Additionally, all petroleum storage tanks are to be located within secure areas onboard USCG facilities (e.g., within the fence line). Access to the tanks shall be restricted to personnel authorized to operate or maintain the fuel tank by the unit. If units lack perimeter security fences, a fence shall be installed around the tank and fuel facility (See the Security Infrastructure CSTO SILC-CSTO-36-11 31 21-01 for CATCODE 872-10, Security Structure).

Maximum spacing for bollards is 4-feet apart and bollard footings shall extend a minimum of 3-feet into the ground.

For tank protection when installing multiple tanks in one location (i.e. fuel farm), tanks shall be installed with a minimum 3-foot spacing between the tanks.

2.2.3.6 Tank Lighting

Where ASTs require illumination between sunset and sunrise per UFC 3-530-01, Design of Interior and Exterior Lighting and Controls, November 2019 to enable the inspection, maintenance, and operation of the tanks, they shall be illuminated per the specified requirements. Lighting shall utilize energy efficiencies and include sensors or timers installed to secure the lighting between the hours of sunrise to sunset.

2.2.3.7 Tank Grounding

All ASTs shall be grounded for lightning protection in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 780, Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems, 2020 Edition. Verify coatings are not interrupting path to ground. Installation team should conduct resistance test to assure path to ground is not interrupted.

2.2.3.8 Distribution Piping, Valves, Hardware, and Fittings

Piping, valves, fittings, and related components shall be designed and fabricated in accordance with UFGS 33 52 10, Service Piping, Fuel Systems, section 9 of UFC 3-460-01, NFPA 30, and

UFGS 09 97 13.27.

All above ground storage tank fittings, hardware, and plumbing shall be 316 stainless steel to prevent against corrosion in a marine environment. Plumbing connections to the tank shall be made above the tanks liquid level and include anti-siphon equipment (check valve, anti-siphon valve, or electronic solenoid valve). Additionally, all tank piping, valves, and fittings shall be designed and installed in accordance with the following requirements.

Each connection to ASTs through which fuel flows shall be provided with an easily operable external valve meeting American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) B31 and located as close as practical to the tank.

Openings for gauging on tanks storing Class 1 liquids shall be provided with a vapor tight cap.

Manufacturers may supply polyvinyl chloride (PVC) caps when shipped. These PVC caps must be replaced with steel caps.

Tank filling and emptying connections shall be located outside of buildings (not less than 5 feet from any building opening) and shall be fitted with liquid tight caps.

All non-aviation fuel valves shall be internally epoxy coated carbon steel or nickel-plated carbon steel in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. All valves shall be American Petroleum Institute (API) approved fire safe valves certified per UL 842, ‘Valves for Flammable Fluids’.

Fuel piping connected to ASTs shall be installed above ground, except when required to transit underneath a road or other extenuating circumstance. Fuel piping may be single walled with secondary containment or double-walled. All piping from the surface of tank to the dispenser or equipment shall have secondary containment. Underground fuel piping must be double walled.

Material may be ASTM A53, stainless steel, or any other non-corrosive material rated for the type and pressure of the petroleum fuel transported. All aboveground valves shall be in accordance with UFGS 33 52 10. Packing glands, valve stems, threads and other working parts shall not be painted. Underground metallic piping shall have sufficient cathodic protection installed. Manhole covers for piping sumps shall be lightweight and capable of being removed without tools to facilitate routine SPCC inspections.

2.2.3.9 Tank Manholes

A lockable (padlock) manhole shall be installed on tanks to enable entrance, inspection, maintenance, and filling by hose. Petroleum storage tanks (tanks 1,000- 5,000 gallons) shall have a minimum of one 30-inch diameter manhole installed on their roofs in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. The manhole shall be equipped or surrounded with lockable welded steel overfill protection containers capable of containing a minimum of 2 gallons of product in the event of an overflow. A manual bypass drain valve shall also be installed within the manhole’s containment to allow for product overflow to drain back into the tank.

2.2.3.10 Tank Foundation

Design tank foundations on the basis of a soil exploration program, including preliminary exploration as a minimum and detailed exploration and testing, if existing soil data is not available or inadequate as per section 8-8.5 of UFC 3-460-01. Foundations shall be designed for the weight and size of the fuel tank procured and specified. Tanks shall rest on concrete or steel supports, be installed on concrete foundations, and be strapped or bolted down to protect against any potential extreme weather conditions (hurricanes, tornados, floods, earthquakes).

Tanks installed in areas subject to flooding should be installed per Chapter 22.5.2.5 and 22.14 of NFPA 30. The foundations will also comply with the tank manufacturer’s specifications.

2.2.3.11 Tank Equipment

At a minimum, the following tank accessories are required for all fuel storage tanks with less than 5,000 gallons in capacity.

2.2.3.11.1 Tank Vents

A 2-inch minimum diameter atmospheric tank vent shall be installed on tanks (and all compartments) and shall be installed and configured in accordance with UFC 3-460-01 and NFPA 30. Emergency vents shall be sized in accordance with API Standard 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks. Emergency vents for the interstitial area of the tank are required unless the procured tank meets the UL 2085 standard for “Venting by form of Construction” per the Pressure Surge Test.

Vents shall be located outside of a building or vault by extending pipes. Vent pipe extensions for normal and emergency vents shall be sloped to ensure there are no low points allowing for the accumulation of liquid. Vent must be at least 5-feet from the nearest opening in a building and 12-feet above ground level or 5-feet above a building’s roof line when set near a building. When an emergency vent opening must be extended to the building exterior, the additional length through which vapor must flow to escape the tank will lead to excessive back pressure if the vent pipe diameter is inadequate. Designers shall take care to ensure pipe diameter of vent is adequate when using an extension.

Split tanks, sometimes referred to as partitioned tanks require normal and emergency venting for each compartment.

2.2.3.11.2 Leak Detection

All tanks shall have 2-inch diameter monitoring ports installed to enable a direct means to detect product leakage from the primary tank into the secondary tank (manual stick method) in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. Provide 1/4-inch striker plates larger in diameter than the tank penetration where manual gauging will occur. Each double walled tank above 1000 gallons will have an interstitial leak detection sensor, wired to the main control panel. There will also be leak detection sensors in the sumps of each dispenser and in the transition sump. The audible and visual alarms shall annunciate locally. Tanks less than 1000 gallons shall at a minimum have the ability to check interstitial space manually.

2.2.3.11.3 Heaters

Heaters shall be provided for tanks and are intended to be used for storage of burner fuels Numbers 4, 5, and 6 in climates where the ambient tank temperature could drop to less than 20 degrees F below the fuel’s pour point temperature. Chapter 8-12 of UFC 3-460-01 provides guidance on selecting the optimal style of heater for tanks.

2.2.3.11.4 Tank Alarms

Tanks shall include the following audible and visual level alarms: high, high-high, low, and low-low in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. Provide a single multi-set point Automatic Tank Gauge (ATG) level probe with continual and dynamic testing for both gauging and alarm. Provide both audible and visual alarms that can be seen and heard from where the transfer is controlled.

Provide a manual tester for all alarm sensors to ensure system operability without a full tank.

Locate level alarm equipment so that it is accessible from ground level. Set the high-level alarm to activate not to exceed 90 percent tank capacity or less, and the high level shutoff alarm to activate at exceed 95 percent or less in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. Refer to NFPA 30 for additional alarm settings.

2.2.3.11.5 Ladders and Stairs

Tanks shall have ladders or stairs installed in accordance with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) criteria. External stairs shall be installed in accordance with 29 CFR

1910.23 if necessitated by the tank’s height in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. Stairs and ladders shall be provided to allow easy access to tank components including fill connections.

2.2.3.11.6 Tank Monitors

Tanks shall have strapping charts certified to 1/16-inch increments, a mechanical tape level gauge calibrated in 1/16-inch graduations mounted at 60 inches above the grade level, and a clock-type mechanical gauge that must be accurate to plus or minus 1/4 inch in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. Additionally, tanks shall be equipped with 4-inch gauge hatches with drop tubes that are located within 3 inches of the bottom of the tank (not the sump) for manual gauging.

One six-inch flanged riser shall be installed at the tank datum or lowest feasible point for future automatic tank gauge installation. Provide 1/4-inch striker plates where manual gauging will occur. Provide two non-electric steel tape and bob gauges. Steel tape and bob lengths shall allow the measurement of the entire level of fuel in the tank and be compatible with the fuel to be measured.

2.2.3.11.7 Emergency Shut Off Switch

Fuel systems with fixed transfer pumps shall have the emergency shut off switch clearly labeled near the point that transfer is controlled. The switch shall be no less than 20 feet from the point of dispensing and no more than 100 feet. If this requirement cannot be met, complete an Engineering Change Proposal Type II (Deviation) for a waiver explaining why the requirement is not achievable. See section 2.2.2 for additional information on emergency cut of switches.

2.2.3.11.8 Overfill Protection

Tanks shall have built-in overfill protection. The overfill protection system shall incorporate an electronic tank monitoring gauge connected to a hydraulically operated diaphragm control valve designed to automatically shut off flow to the tank when it is no more than 95 percent full, in accordance with CI 5090.9A and UFC 3-460-01.

2.2.3.11.9 Tank Fill Piping

Tank fill piping shall be sized in accordance with UFC 3-460-01. The tank fill piping connections shall be inside the container surrounding the manhole in order to restrict any spilled product. Fill pipes shall enter through the top of the tank and terminate within 6 inches of the bottom of the tank to protect against static electricity. Hoses at fill stations where the tanks are supplied from trucks shall be fitted with male camlock fittings. For tanks located inside a building, fill connections must be located outside of buildings, away from building openings and in a location free from ignition sources. Tank fill connections shall have a liquid tight cover when not in use.

Direct fill containers may be fabricated on the tank or supplied as a separate component.

2.2.3.11.10 Tank Water Removal Connection

Tanks shall have a water removal or drain suction tube installed at the low end of the tank with a connection for both functions. Install a lockable ball valve on this drain. The drain shall have a male camlock fitting on its end with cap. Additionally, the tank shall have a common drain point or sump, where any water introduced to the tank from condensation or through fittings will collect. Internal structural members and baffles shall have sufficient limber holes to all efficient water removal.

2.2.3.11.11 Vapor Recovery Systems

Provide a vapor emission control system for tanks that store products with a true vapor pressure of 0.75 psia (5 kPa) or greater (e.g. gasoline, ethanol, etc.) located in air pollution control areas where the discharge of petroleum vapors is controlled or prohibited, in accordance with CI 5090.9A and UFC 3-460-01. Refer to Table 2-5 in section 2.2.11 for applicable fuel flammability and vapor pressure data. Ensure that the system has sufficient capacity to control the vapor discharged from the tank vents at maximum filling rate, including any required nozzles and piping, to recover vapor in conformance with local air quality regulations.

2.2.3.12 Installation

Certification of installation shall be provided demonstrating that the tank system has been properly installed as follows:

1. The tank installer has been certified by the tank and piping manufacturer.

2. The installer has been certified or licensed by the state or local implementing agency as applicable.

3. The installation, while on a Federal Facility, may be required to be inspected and approved by a state or local implementing agency (e.g., Massachusetts has such a constraint).

4. Upon completion of the installation, all tanks shall be registered with appropriate state and local agencies.

5. The tank system installer has signed a certification indicating that the tanks have been installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s checklist.

6. Tanks shall be inspected by a Steel Tank Institute (STI) registered tank inspector with a Level 1 and 2 Certification prior to the tank being placed into service. Furthermore, tanks shall be pressure tested after installation in accordance with Chapter 21.5 of NFPA 30.

2.2.4 Alternate Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks Less Than 5,000 Gallons

Certain jurisdictions may require the use of underground storage tanks (USTs) rather than ASTs. In these cases, a waiver to install an UST shall be pursued through an Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) Type II (Deviation). USTs shall not be installed without an approved waiver from MSPL. If not possible or not permitted, the use of this configuration standard for fuel tanks less than 5,000 gallons may be considered; all new and replacement UST installations must be approved in advance of system acquisition by Commandant (CG-47). A UST is defined by CI 5090.9A as any tank that is used to contain “regulated substances” whose volume (including underground pipes which are connected to such tanks) is 10% or more beneath the surface of the ground.

The secondary configuration standard for fuel tanks less than 5,000 gallons in capacity is a horizontal, double-walled, cylindrical, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FGRP) UST. Though initially more expensive to install, fiberglass USTs were selected as the secondary configuration standard for tanks less than 5,000 gallons due to their lower lifecycle cost (compared to steel USTs) and their characteristic of being impermeable to corrosion. Steel USTs are not allowed.

As the Coast Guard (CG) strongly desires to limit the number of UST installations CG-wide and because of the variability of jurisdictional requirements, the design of UST installations is not as thoroughly delineated as the standard tank configuration. Designers shall notify the respective Asset Line Manager (ALM) in the event that installation of a UST becomes necessary. UST installations shall be designed in accordance with all applicable regulations and industry standards (UFC 3-460-01, CI 5090.9A, and NFPA 704), shall come with a 20 year or greater warranty per Section 2.2.10.

All underground plumbing shall be double walled and installed with line leak detection.

See Sections 2.2.3.3 through 2.2.3.12 for additional requirements, as applicable.

Additionally, these fuel tanks shall be designed to comply with the following design codes, standards, and UL Listings:

1. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

2. NFPA 780, Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems

3. UL 1316, Standard for Fiber Reinforced Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

4. API Recommended Practice (RP) 1615, Installation of Underground Petroleum Storage Systems

5. UL 971, Nonmetallic Underground Piping for Flammable Liquids

2.2.5 Standard Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks 5,000 to 10,500 Gallons This section applies to fuel tanks from 5,000 to 10,500 gallons in capacity.

2.2.5.1 Horizontal Steel AST Fuel Tank and General Configuration Fuel storage tanks with a capacity from 5,000 to 10,500 gallons may be double-walled, horizontal ASTs or concrete encased steel ASTs. All tanks shall meet the following standards:

1. UL 2085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids.

2. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

3. NFPA 780, Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems

4. UL 142, Standard for Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Double-walled, steel horizontal ASTs shall meet the following:

1. The steel tank shall be liquid tight and fully welded in accordance with UL 142.

2. The inner steel tank shall be 3/16 inch thick at a minimum in accordance with Chapter 8-

5.2 of UFC 3-460-01.

3. Install tanks so that the bottom slopes downward toward one end at a slope of 1 percent.

2.2.5.2 Concrete Encased Steel ASTs

These ASTs shall be provided with secondary containment in the form of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) liner located between the steel tank and concrete portions of the tank and designed to contain the entire contents of the tank in the event of a failure of the steel tank.

These tanks shall be designed with the following design characteristics:

1. The HDPE liner shall be liquid tight, chemically compatible to the fuel product, and completely encompass the tank with the exception of any tank fittings. The HDPE liner thickness will comply with the manufacturer’s specifications for the fuel product.

2. The steel tank shall comply with the manufacturer’s specifications for the fuel product, be liquid tight, and fully welded.

3. The concrete encasement shall comply with the manufacturer’s specifications for the fuel product and consist of reinforced concrete.

4. The tank bottom shall slope downward at a grade of 1 percent in accordance with UFC 3-460-01, Design of Petroleum Fuel Facilities.

5. The tank’s outer concrete encasement shall have a smooth finish.

6. The tank’s supporting feet shall be concrete.

Additionally, all fuel tanks shall be designed to comply with the following design codes, standards, and UL Listings:

1. NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

2. NFPA 780: Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems

3. UL 142: Standard for Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

4. UL 2080: Standard for Fire Resistant Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Figure 2-4: Example Horizontal Concrete Encased Steel AST Standard Configuration for Fuel Storage Tanks (5,000-10,500 gallons)

Figure 2-5: Example Horizontal Double Walled Steel AST Alternate Configuration (5,000 – 10,500 gallons)

2.2.5.3 Tank Location

outside of buildings and spaced according to the guidance in UFC 3-460-01, NFPA 30, and NFPA 30A. Storage tanks shall be located away from public ways, property lines, and other buildings in accordance with Chapter 22.4.1 of NFPA 30. Aboveground tanks must be constructed in a position that meets the local set back and building distance requirements from local state or city control requirements. Types of tanks may limit the distance requirements (vaulted, fire resistant, insulated or fire protected). At a minimum, meet set back distances listed in Table 2-3. Additionally, minimum shell to shell spacing of aboveground fuel tanks shall be in accordance with Chapter 22.4.2 of NFPA 30. In cases where a tank cannot be installed outside and must be installed within a building, a waiver to install an indoor tank shall be pursued through an Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) Type II (Deviation).

2.2.5.4 Tank Coatings

In order to prevent corrosion, proper coating of tanks is critical. Tank exteriors shall be coated to maintain the integrity of the tank’s secondary containment and water intrusion. The interior and exterior coatings of fuel tanks are listed in Table 2-4. The tank’s exterior color shall be in accordance with local or state requirements. The standard color shall be white in the absence of local or state requirements. All exposed nipples and other exposed non-stainless steel metal devices inherent to the tank shall be powder coated to prevent corrosion. Coatings for approved deviations from the standard configuration outlined in this section shall utilize UFGS 09 97 13.27, Exterior Coating of Steel Structures for exterior coatings and UFGS 09 97 13.17, Three Coat Epoxy Interior Coating of Welded Steel Petroleum Fuel Tanks for interior coatings.

Coatings for shop-built tanks shall be factory applied. Coatings offered by vendors, and not listed in Table 2-4, shall be approved by designers for adherence to UFC 3-460-01, UFGS 09 97 13.27, and UFGS 09 97 13.17.

2.2.5.5 Tank Protection

Fuel tanks shall be protected from vehicular or other impact on all sides. The installation location shall prevent inadvertent collisions with vehicles, forklifts, or other equipment.

Stationary bollards (See the SILC-CSTO-36-11 31 21-01 for CATCODE 730-26, Security Support Facility) are required to protect the tank and shall be placed in accordance with UFC 3- 460-01. Bollards are not required when fuel tanks are protected by structures that provide protection similar to bollards (e.g., a wall or other structure). Additionally, all petroleum storage tanks are to be located within secure areas onboard CG facilities (i.e., within the fence line).

Access to the tanks shall be restricted to personnel authorized to operate or maintain the fuel tank by the unit. If units lack perimeter security fences, a secure and locked gated fence shall be installed around the tank and fuel facility (See the SILC-CSTO-36-11 31 21-01 for CATCODE 872-10, Security Structure). Maximum spacing for bollards is 4-feet apart and bollard footings shall extend a minimum of 3-feet into the ground.

For tank protection when installing multiple tanks in one location (i.e., fuel farm), tanks shall be installed with a minimum 3-foot spacing between the tanks.

2.2.5.6 Tank Lighting

ASTs shall be fully illuminated between sunset and sunrise per UFC 3-530-01 to enable the inspection, maintenance, and operation of the tanks. Light sensors or timers shall be installed to secure the lighting between the hours of sunrise to sunset.

2.2.5.7 Lightning Protection

All ASTs shall be grounded for lightning protection in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 780.

Verify coatings are not interrupting path to ground. Installation team should conduct resistance test to assure path to ground is not interrupted.

2.2.5.8 Distribution Piping, Valves, and Fittings

Piping, valves, fittings, and related components shall be designed and fabricated in accordance with UFGS 33 52 10 Service Piping, Fuel Systems, section 9 of UFC 3-460-01, NFPA 30, and

NFPA 30A.

All above ground storage tank fittings, hardware, and plumbing shall be 316 stainless steel to prevent against corrosion in a marine environment. Plumbing connections to the tank shall be made above the tanks liquid level and include anti-siphon equipment (check valve, anti-siphon valve, or electronic solenoid valve). Additionally, all tank piping, valves, and fittings shall be designed and installed in accordance with the following requirements.

Each connection to ASTs through which fuel flows shall be provided with an easily operable external valve meeting ASME B31 and located as close as practical to the tank.

Openings for gauging on tanks storing Class 1 liquids shall be provided with a vapor tight cap.

Tank filling and emptying connections shall be located outside…