4. Project Specifications.pdf

805 MOBILIZATION / EQUIPMENT MOVING (10/16)

1. DESCRIPTION

This Section consists of one or more mobilizations of personnel, equipment, supplies, and incidentals to the project site, or sites listed in the Schedule of Items.

2. REQUIREMENT

a. Make equipment available for inspection before it is used on National Forest System lands.

b. Moving is complete, when the contractor has moved from the present work site to the ordered work site and returned to the previous location.

c. Equipment will be clean and weed free before it arrives on National Forest System lands.

3. LOCATION OF WORK

As specified on roads listed on the Road Listing, Shown on the Plans, or as ordered by the

Contracting Officer.

4. MEASUREMENT

Measurement under this Section will be made by the total number of units for each item listed in the Schedule of Items completed and accepted.

Mile: work activity will be measured along the shortest feasible route to the nearest one (1) mile, from the starting location of the move, to the ordered work site.

5. PAYMENT

a. The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the

Section 805 pay items listed in the schedule of items. Mobilization is complete when all equipment, personnel, and materials are moved to the project site and work has been started. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section.

Mobilization is incidental unless ordered for a specific project at a specific time.

b. Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Description Pay Unit

805 (1) Mobilization Mile

805 (2) Mobilization Each

805 (3) Mobilization Lump Sum

814 ASPHALT PAVEMENT PATCHING (10/16)

This work consists of patching potholes and skin patching of asphalt surfaces. The work includes preparing the area to be patched, furnishing and placing all necessary materials and work. All areas to be patched will be marked by the Government.

2. MATERIALS

Materials used for asphalt patching shall conform to the requirements in Sections 892 and

893. Bituminous mixture material shall conform to requirements of Special Project

Specifications.

3. MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

a. Potholes

1) Existing materials shall be removed to a minimum of two (2) inches or as necessary to reach firm support, but limited to maximum twelve (12) inch depth. If firm support for a patch is not available, the hole shall be barricaded and the

Government shall be notified. Prior to Contractor placing any materials, Government will determine corrections to be made.

2) The edges of the prepared hole shall be extended to form a vertical face in un-fractured asphalt surfacing. The prepared hole shall generally be round or rectangular in shape and cleaned of all loose material. The bottom and sides shall be sprayed with an emulsified asphalt.

3) Prepared potholes shall be patched or barricaded immediately.

4) The bituminous mixture shall be placed in layers not exceeding four (4) inches. Each layer shall be compacted thoroughly with hand tampers, mechanical tampers, or rollers.

5) Finished surface shall, as a minimum, be compacted with a tamper or an 8- to 10-ton steel roller or comparable vibratory roller. Upon completion, the compacted pothole patch shall be flush with or not more than one quarter (1/4) inch above the level of the adjacent pavement.

b. Disposal

All materials removed from pothole and skin patching operations shall be removed to a disposal site designated by the COR or shown on the drawings.

4. MEASUREMENT

a. Bituminous Mixture

1) Hot and cold bituminous mixture acceptable placed will be measured by the ton.

Bituminous materials incorporated into the mixture will be incidental to the item.

2) Ton Measure - The quantity of mixture will be the number of tons in the accepted work. Any material rejected in the field as not meeting specifications shall be deducted based on estimated quantities. Rejected quantities shall be reconciled between the Government and the Contractor each day. If not reconciled each day, the Government's figures will apply.

b. The following work is incidental:

1) Cleaning of surfaces.

2) Haul and compaction of bituminous mixture.

3) Material removal and disposal.

4) Emulsified asphalt used on existing surfaces will be measured by the gallon prior to dilution. Dilution materials shall be considered incidental.

5. PAYMENT

a. The accepted quantities will be paid for at the contract unit price shown in the Schedule of Items.

814 (1) Pothole Patching Ton

814 (2) Emulsified Asphalt Gallon

818 ASPHALT CRACK CLEANING AND SEALING (10/16)

This work shall consist of cleaning and filling cracks in existing asphalt concrete surfaces that are 1/4-inch wide and wider. This work shall be performed and paid for in accordance with the following specifications.

2. EQUIPMENT

a. All methods employed in performing the work and all equipment, tools and machinery used for handling the material and executing any part of the work shall be subject to the approval of the Government before the work is started, and whenever unsatisfactory, they shall be changed or improved as required. All equipment, tools, machinery and containers must be kept clean and maintained in satisfactory condition.

b. Sealing equipment shall consist of a double boiler type machine, capable of maintaining the temperature of the material in the range of 350 to 400 degrees Fahrenheit, with continuous circulation and agitation. Material shall never be heated above 400 degrees

Fahrenheit.

3. MATERIALS

The sealing material shall comply with the requirements of ASTM D 3405-78 and AASHTO

M 301-85. The Contractor shall submit a certificate of compliance signed by the manufacturer certifying that the material meets these requirements. The certificate shall be submitted prior to the use of the material in the work.

4. MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

a. Cleaning of cracks:

The cracks shall be steel wire brushed, broomed, cleaned using compressed air or pressurized water jet, or cleaned and dried using a hot lance (use of a back-pack hot air blower will not be sufficient), as shown in the Schedule of Items, in order to remove all loose material, vegetation, and other objectionable material.

b. Filling:

Filling of cracks and voids shall not commence until they are clean and dry. When the use of a hot lance is required, filling should closely follow cleaning. The cracks shall be sealed from the bottom up. The filler material shall be placed within 1/8-inch of the top of the crack. Any excess material shall be leveled flush to the surface with a "V" shaped squeegee device. The excess material will be squeegeed so as not to exceed 1 1/2-inches on each side of the crack. Excess material remaining in the squeegee at the end of the crack will be distributed over the crack in a return motion. If settlement of the filler material occurs, the cracks shall be refilled until they are again within 1/8-inch of the finished surface. No excess build-up of filler material will be permitted. Any spillage or loose material shall be removed from the surface.

c. Weather Limitations:

The filler material shall not be applied when it is raining, excessive moisture is present, or either atmospheric or pavement temperature is 45 degrees Fahrenheit and falling.

Filler material may be applied when moisture is not present and either the atmospheric or pavement temperature is 40 degrees Fahrenheit and rising.

5. MEASUREMENT

The quantity will be measured by the linear foot or pound of filler material used as shown in the Schedule of Items. When measurement by the pound is specified, the Government may require the weighing of equipment for determination of actual quantities of material used.

Payment by the pound will not include any materials wasted or not used as specified.

6. PAYMENT

a. Payment shall be made at the contract unit price for cracks repaired as specified. This payment shall be full compensation for all labor, equipment, materials, traffic control, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the work.

818 (1) Crack Cleaning and Sealing Linear Foot

818 (2) Crack Cleaning and Sealing, Hot Lance Cleaning Only

Linear Foot

818 (3) Crack Filling Material, Commercial Source Pound

37 BITUMINOUS SEALS

37-1 GENERAL

37-1.01 GENERAL

37-1.01A Summary

Section 37-1 includes general specifications for applying seal coats.

37-1.01B Definitions

Reserved

37-1.01C Submittals

At least 10 days before the preconstruction meeting submit a list of participants in the preconstruction meeting. Provide each participant's name, employer, title, and role in the production and placement of the seal coats.

At least 10 days before starting seal coat activities, submit the names of the authorized laboratories for quality control testing.

For each delivery of asphalt binder or asphaltic emulsion to the job site, submit a certificate of compliance and a copy of the specified test results.

For a seal coat that uses crumb rubber modifier, submit a Crumb Rubber Usage Report form monthly and at the end of project.

37-1.01D Quality Assurance

37-1.01D(1) General

For aggregate testing, quality control laboratories must be in compliance with the Department's Independent Assurance Program to be an authorized laboratory. Quality control personnel must be qualified under the Department's Independent Assurance Program.

For emulsion testing, quality control laboratories must participate in the AASHTO re:source proficiency sample program.

37-1.01D(2) Preconstruction Meeting

Hold a preconstruction meeting within 5 days before start of seal coat work at a mutually agreed time and place with the Engineer and your:

1. Project superintendent

2. Project foreman

3. Traffic control foreman

Make arrangements for the conference facility. Preconstruction meeting participants must sign an attendance sheet provided by the Engineer. Be prepared to discuss:

1. Quality control testing

2. Acceptance testing

3. Seal coat placement

4. Proposed application rates for asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder and aggregate.

5. Training on placement methods

6. Checklist of items for proper placement

7. Unique issues specific to the project, including:

7.1. Weather

7.2. Alignment and geometrics

7.3. Traffic control requirements

7.4. Haul distances

7.5. Presence and absence of shaded areas

7.6. Any other local conditions

8. Contingency plan for material deliveries, equipment breakdowns, and traffic handling

9. Who in the field has authority to adjust application rates and how adjustments will be documented

10. Schedule of sweepings

SECTION 37 BITUMINOUS SEALS

37-1.02 MATERIALS

Not Used

37-1.03 CONSTRUCTION

37-1.03A General

If seal coat activities affect access to public parking, residential property, or commercial property, post signs at 100-foot intervals on the affected streets. Signs must display No Parking – Tow Away. Signs must state the dates and hours parking or access will be restricted. Notify residents, businesses, and local agencies at least 24 hours before starting activities. The notice must:

1. Describe the work to be performed

2. Detail streets and limits of activities

3. Indicate dates and work hours

4. Be authorized

Asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder for seal coats may be reheated if necessary. After loading the asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder into a truck for transport to the job site, do not heat asphaltic emulsion above 160 degrees F and asphalt rubber binder above 425 degrees F. During reheating, circulate or agitate the asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder to prevent localized overheating.

Except for fog seals, apply quick setting Grade 1 asphaltic emulsions at a temperature from 75 to 130 degrees F and apply quick setting Grade 2 asphaltic emulsions at a temperature from 110 to 185 degrees F.

You determine the application rates for asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder and aggregate and the Engineer authorizes the application rates.

37-1.03B Equipment

A self-propelled distributor truck for applying asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder must be equipped with:

1. Pressure-type system with insulated tanks with circulating unit

2. Spray bars:

2.1. With minimum length of 9 feet and full-circulating type

2.2. With full-circulating-type extensions if needed to cover a greater width

2.3. Adjustable to allow positioning at various heights above the surface to be treated

2.4. Operated by levers such that 1 or all valves may be quickly opened or closed in one operation

3. Devices and charts to provide for accurate and rapid determination and control of asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder quantities being applied. Include an auxiliary wheel type meter that registers:

3.1. Speed in ft/min

3.2. Trip by count

3.3. Total distance in feet

4. Distribution system:

4.1. Capable of producing a uniform application of asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder in controlled quantities ranging from 0.02 to 1 gal/sq yd of surface and at a pressure ranging from 25 to 75 psi

4.2. Pumps that spray asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder within 0.02 gal/sq yd of the set rate

4.3. With a hose and nozzle for application of asphaltic emulsion to areas inaccessible to the spray bar

4.4. With pressure gauges and a thermometer for determining temperatures of the asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder

You may use cab-controlled valves for the application of asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder. The valves controlling the flow from nozzles must act positively to provide a uniform unbroken application of asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder.

Maintain distributor and storage tanks at all times to prevent dripping.

37-1.04 PAYMENT

Not Used

37-2 CHIP SEALS

37-2.01 GENERAL

37-2.01A General

37-2.01A(1) Summary

Section 37-2.01 includes general specifications for applying chip seals.

37-2.01A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-2.01A(3) Submittals

At least 15 days before starting placement of chip seal, submit:

1. Samples for:

1.1. Asphaltic emulsion chip seal, two 1-quart wide mouth plastic containers with screw top lid of asphaltic emulsion

1.2. Polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seal, two 1-quart wide mouth plastic containers with screw top lid of polymer modified asphaltic emulsion

1.3. Asphalt rubber binder chip seal, two 1-quart cans of base asphalt binder

1.4. Asphalt rubber binder chip seal, five 1-quart cans of asphalt rubber binder

2. Asphaltic emulsion, polymer modified asphaltic emulsion, asphalt binder or asphalt rubber binder data as follows:

2.1. Supplier and Type/Grade of asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder

2.2. Type of modifier used including polymer or crumb rubber or both

2.3. Percent of crumb rubber, if used as modifier

2.4. Copy of the specified test results for asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder

3. 50 lb of uncoated aggregate

4. Aggregate test results for the following:

4.1. Gradation

4.2. Los Angeles Rattler

4.3. Percent of crushed particles

4.4. Flat and elongated particles

4.5. Film stripping

4.6. Cleanness value

4.7. Durability

5. Vialit test results

Submit quality control test results for the quality characteristics within the reporting times allowance after sampling shown in the following table:

Quality Control Test Result Reporting Quality characteristic Maximum reporting time allowance

Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) 48 hours

Percent of crushed particles (min, %) 48 hours

Flat and elongated particles (max by weight at 3:1, %) 48 hours

Film stripping (max, %) 48 hours

Durability (min) 48 hours

Gradation (percentage passing) 24 hours

Cleanness value (min) 24 hours

Asphaltic emulsion spread rate (gal/sq yd) 24 hours

Within 3 days after taking asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder quality control samples, submit the authorized laboratory's test results.

37-2.01A(4) Quality Assurance

37-2.01A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-2.01A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-2.01A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.01A(4)(b)(ii) Aggregate

All tests must be performed on uncoated aggregate except for film stripping which must be performed on precoated aggregate.

For aggregate, the authorized laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the following quality characteristics:

Aggregate Quality Control Requirements

Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency

Location of sampling

Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) At 100 revolutions At 500 revolutions

California Test

1st day of production

See California Test 125

Percent of crushed particles Coarse aggregate (min, %)

One-fractured face Two-fractured faces

Fine aggregate (min, %) (Passing No. 4 sieve and retained on No. 8 sieve)

One fractured face

AASHTO T 335

1st day of production

See California

Test 125

Flat and elongated particles (max by weight at 3:1, %)

ASTM D4791 1st day of production

See California Test 125

Film stripping (max, %) California Test

1st day of production

See California Test 125

Durability (min) California Test

1st day of production

See California Test 125

Gradation (% passing) California Test

2 per day See California

Test 125

Cleanness value (min) California Test

2 per day See California

Test 125

37-2.01A(4)(b)(iii) Chip Seals

For a chip seal, the authorized laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the following quality characteristics:

Chip Seal Quality Control Requirements

Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency

Location of sampling

Asphaltic emulsion binder spread rate (gal/sq yd)

California Test 339

1 per day per distributor truck

Pavement surface

37-2.01A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Department Acceptance shall not apply to identified areas where the existing surfacing before application of chip seal, contains defective areas as determined by the Engineer and Contractor. At least 7 days before starting placement of the chip seal, the Contractor shall submit a written list of existing defective areas, identifying the lane direction, lane number, starting and ending highway post mile locations, and defect type. The Engineer must agree on which of the identified areas are defective.

Defective areas are defined as one of the following:

1. Areas with wheel path rutting in excess of 3/8 inch when measured by placing a straightedge 12 feet long on the finished surface perpendicular to the center line and measuring the vertical distance between the finished surface and the lower edge of the straightedge

2. Areas exhibiting flushing

For a chip seal, acceptance is based on visual inspection for the following:

1. Uniform surface texture

2. Raveling, which consists of the separation of the aggregate from the asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder

3. Flushing, which consists of the occurrence of a film of asphaltic material on the surface of the chip seal.

4. Streaking, which consists of alternating longitudinal bands of asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder without uniform aggregate retention, approximately parallel with the lane line.

Areas of raveling, flushing or streaking that are greater than 0.5 sq ft shall be considered defective and must be repaired.

Raveling and streaking must be repaired by placing an additional layer of chip seal over the defective area.

For asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder, acceptance is based on the Department’s sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements for the quality characteristics specified.

For aggregate, acceptance is based on the Department’s sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table:

Chip Seal Aggregate Acceptance Criteria Quality characteristic Test method Requirements

Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %)

At 100 revolutions California Test 211 10 At 500 revolutions 40

Percent of crushed particles: AASHTO T 335

Coarse aggregate (min, %)

One-fractured face 95 Two-fractured faces 90

Fine aggregate (min, %)

(Passing No. 4 sieve and retained on No. 8 sieve)

One fractured face 70

Flat and elongated particles (max by weight at 3:1, %) ASTM D4791 10

Film stripping (max, %) California Test 302 25

Durability (min) California Test 229 52

Gradation (% passing by weight) California Test 202 Aggregate Gradation table shown under

Materials for the chip seal type specified.

Cleanness value (min) California Test 227 80

If test results for the aggregate gradation do not comply with specifications, you may remove the chip seal represented by these tests or request that it remain in place with a payment deduction. The deduction is $1.75 per ton for the aggregate represented by the test results.

If test results for aggregate cleanness value do not comply with the specifications, you may remove the chip seal represented by these tests or you may request that the chip seal remain in place with a pay deduction corresponding to the cleanness value shown in the following table:

Chip Seal Cleanness Value Deductions Cleanness value Deduction

80 or over None

79 $2.00 /ton

77–78 $4.00 /ton

75–76 $6.00 /ton

If the aggregate cleanness value is less than 75, remove the chip seal.

37-2.01B Materials

37-2.01B(1) General

Reserved

37-2.01B(2) Asphaltic Emulsions and Asphalt Binders

Reserved

37-2.01B(3) Aggregate

37-2.01B(3)(a) General

Aggregate must be broken stone, crushed gravel, or both.

Aggregate must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:

Chip Seal Aggregate Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirements

Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %)

At 100 revolutions California Test 211 10 At 500 revolutions 40

Percent of crushed particles AASHTO T 335

Coarse aggregate (min, %)

One-fractured face 95 Two-fractured faces 90

Fine aggregate (min, %)

(Passing No. 4 sieve and retained on No. 8 sieve)

One fractured face 70

Flat and elongated particles (max by weight at 3:1, %) ASTM D4791 10

Film stripping (max, %) California Test 302 25

Durability (min) California Test 229 52

Gradation (% passing by weight) California Test 202 Aggregate Gradation table shown under

Materials for the chip seal type specified.

Cleanness value (min) California Test 227 80

The authorized laboratory must conduct the Vialit test using the proposed asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder and aggregate for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table:

Chip Retention Requirements

Quality characteristic Test method Requirement

Chip retention (%) Vialit test method for aggregate in chip seals, French chip (Modified)a aThe asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder must be within the field placement temperature range and application rate during specimen preparation. For asphalt binder cure the specimen for first 2 hours at 100 °F.

37-2.01B(3)(b) Precoated Aggregate

Precoating of aggregate must be performed at a central mixing plant. The plant must be authorized under the Department's MPQP.

When precoating aggregate, do not recombine fine materials collected in dust control systems.

Precoated aggregate must be preheated from 260 to 325 degrees F. Coat with any of the asphalts specified in the table titled "Performance Graded Asphalt Binder" in section 92. The asphalt must be from

0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of dry aggregate. You determine the exact asphalt rate for precoating of aggregate.

Do not stockpile precoated aggregate.

37-2.01C Construction

37-2.01C(1) General

For chip seals on 2-lane, 2-way roadways, place a W8-7 (LOOSE GRAVEL) sign and a W13-1 (35) plaque at 2,000-foot maximum intervals along each side of the traveled way where aggregate is spread on a traffic lane and at public roads or streets entering the chip seal area. Place the 1st W8-7 sign in each direction where traffic first encounters the loose aggregate, regardless of which lane the aggregate is spread on. A W13-1 (35) plaque is not required where the posted speed limit is less than 40 mph.

For chip seals on freeways, expressways, and multilane conventional highways, place a W8-7, (LOOSE GRAVEL) sign and a W13-1 (35) plaque at 2,000-foot maximum intervals along the outside edge of the traveled way nearest to the lane worked on, at on ramps, and at public roads or streets entering the chip seal area. Place the 1st W8-7 sign where the aggregate starts with respect to the direction of travel on that lane. A W13-1 (35) plaque is not required where the posted speed limit is less than 40 mph.

Pilot cars must have cellular or radio contact with other pilot cars and personnel in the work zone. The maximum speed of the pilot cars convoying or controlling traffic through the traffic control zone must be 15 mph on 2-lane, two-way highways and 25 mph on multilane divided and undivided highways. Pilot cars must only use traffic lanes open to traffic.

On the days that closures are not allowed, you may use a moving closure to maintain the seal coat surface. The moving closure is only allowed during daylight hours when traffic will be the least inconvenienced and delayed. The Engineer determines the hours for the moving closure.

Maintain signs in place at each location until the final sweeping of the chip seal surface for that location is complete. Signs may be set on temporary portable supports with the W13-1 sign below the W8-7 sign or on barricades with the W13-1 sign alternating with the W8-7 sign.

Schedule chip seal activities so that the chip seals are placed on both lanes of the traveled way each work shift.

If traffic is routed over a surface where a chip seal application is intended, the chip seal must not be applied to more than half the width of the traveled way at a time, and the remaining width must be kept free of obstructions and open to traffic until the previously applied width is ready for traffic use.

Wherever maintenance sweeping of the chip seal surface is complete, place permanent traffic stripes and pavement markings within 10 days.

If you fail to place the permanent traffic stripes and pavement markings within the specified time, the Department withholds 50 percent of the estimated value of the chip seal work completed that has not received permanent traffic stripes and pavement markings.

37-2.01C(2) Equipment

Equipment for chip seals must include and comply with the following:

1. Aggregate haul trucks must have:

1.1. Tailgate that discharge aggregate

1.2. Device to lock onto the rear aggregate spreader hitch

1.3. Dump bed that will not push down on the spreader when fully raised

1.4. Dump bed that will not spill aggregate on the roadway when transferred to the spreader hopper

1.5. Tarpaulin to cover precoated aggregate when haul distance exceeds 30 minutes or ambient temperature is less than 65 degrees F

2. Self-propelled aggregate spreaders must have:

2.1. Aggregate hopper in the rear

2.2. Belt conveyor that carries the aggregate to the front

2.3. Spreading hopper capable of providing a uniform aggregate spread rate over the entire width of the traffic lane in 1 application.

3. Self-propelled power brooms must:

3.1. Not be steel-tined brooms on emulsion chip seals

3.2. Be capable of removing loose aggregate adjacent to barriers that prevent aggregate from being swept off the roadway, including curbs, gutters, dikes, berms, and railings

4. Pneumatic or foam filled rubber tired rollers must:

4.1. Be an oscillating type at least 4 feet wide

4.2. Be self-propelled and reversible

4.3. Have tires of equal size, diameter, type, and ply

4.4. Carry at least 3,000 lbs of load on each wheel

4.5 Have tires with an air pressure of 100 ± 5 psi or be foam filled

37-2.01C(3) Surface Preparation

Before applying chip seals, cover manholes, valve and monument covers, grates, or other exposed facilities located within the area of application, using a plastic or oil resistant construction paper secured by tape or adhesive to the facility being covered. Reference the covered facilities with enough control points to relocate the facilities after the application of the chip seal.

Immediately before applying chip seals, clean the surface to receive a chip seal by removing any extraneous material affecting adhesion of the chip seal with the existing surface and drying. Use self-propelled power brooms to clean the existing pavement.

37-2.01C(4) Placement

37-2.01C(4)(a) General

Schedule the operations so that chip seals are placed on both lanes of the traveled way each work shift.

At the end of the work shift, the end of the chip seals on both lanes must generally match.

37-2.01C(4)(b) Applying Asphaltic Emulsions or Asphalt Binders

Prevent spraying on existing pavement not intended for chip seals or on previously applied chip seals using a material such as building paper. Remove the material after use.

Align longitudinal joints between chip seal applications with designated traffic lanes.

For asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder, overlap longitudinal joints by not more than 4 inches. You may overlap longitudinal joints up to 8 inches if authorized.

For areas not accessible to a truck distributor bar apply:

1. Asphaltic emulsions by hand spraying

2. Asphalt binders with a squeegee or other authorized means

You may overlap the asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder applications before the application of aggregate at longitudinal joints.

Do not apply the asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder unless there is sufficient aggregate at the job site to cover the asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder.

Discontinue application of asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder early enough to comply with lane closure requirements. Apply to 1 lane at a time and cover the lane width entirely in 1 operation.

37-2.01C(4)(c) Spreading Aggregates

37-2.01C(4)(c)(i) General

Prevent vehicles from driving on asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder before spreading aggregate.

Spread aggregate within 10 percent of your determined rate.

Spread aggregate at a uniform rate over the full lane width in 1 application. Apply to 1 lane at a time.

Sweep excess aggregate at joints before spreading adjacent aggregate.

Operate the spreader at speeds slow enough to prevent aggregate from rolling over after dropping.

If the spreader is not moving, aggregate must not drop. If you stop spreading and aggregate drops, remove the excess aggregate before resuming activities.

37-2.01C(4)(c)(ii) Precoated Aggregate Application

During transit, cover precoated aggregate with tarpaulins if the ambient air temperature is below 65 degrees F or the haul time exceeds 30 minutes.

When applied, precoated aggregate must be from 225 to 325 degrees F.

37-2.01C(4)(d) Finishing

37-2.01C(4)(d)(i) General

Remove piles, ridges, or unevenly distributed aggregate. Repair permanent ridges, bumps, streaks or depressions in the finished surface. Spread additional aggregate and roll if aggregate is picked up by rollers or vehicles.

Chip seal joints between adjacent applications of a chip seal must be smooth, straight, uniform, and completely covered.

A coverage is 1 roller movement over the entire width of lane. A pass is 1 roller movement parallel to the chip seal application in either direction. Overlapping passes are part of the coverage being made and are not part of a subsequent coverage. Do not start a new coverage until completing the previous coverage.

Before opening to traffic, finish the chip seals in the following sequence:

1. Perform initial rolling consisting of 1 coverage with a pneumatic-tired roller

2. Perform final rolling consisting of 2 coverages with a pneumatic-tired roller

3. Sweep excess aggregate from the roadway and adjacent abutting areas

4. Apply a flush coat if specified

5. Remove covers from the facilities

37-2.01C(4)(d)(ii) Traffic Control With Pilot Car

For 2-lane 2-way roadways under 1-way traffic control, upon completion of final rolling, traffic must be controlled with pilot cars and routed over the new chip seal for a period of 2 to 4 hours before opening the lane to traffic not controlled with pilot cars.

For multilane roadways, when traffic is controlled with pilot cars, a maximum of 1 lane in the direction of travel must be open to traffic. Traffic must be controlled with pilot cars and be routed on the new chip seal surface of the lane for a minimum of 2 hours after completion of the initial sweeping and before opening the lane to traffic not controlled with pilot cars. Once traffic controlled with pilot cars is routed over the chip seal at a particular location, continuous control must be maintained at that location until the chip seal placement and sweeping on adjacent lanes to receive a chip seal is completed.

37-2.01C(4)(d)(iii) Sweeping

Sweeping must be performed after the chip seal has set and there is no damage or dislodging of aggregate from the chip seal surface. As a minimum, sweeping is required at the following times:

1. On 2-lane 2-way roadways, from 2 to 4 hours after traffic, controlled with pilot cars, has been routed on the chip seal

2. On multilane roadways, from 2 to 4 hours after aggregate have been placed

3. In addition to previous sweeping, perform final sweeping immediately before opening any lane to public traffic, not controlled with pilot cars

37-2.01C(4)(d)(iv) Excess Aggregate

Dispose of excess aggregate. If ordered, salvaging and stockpiling of excess aggregate is change order work.

37-2.01C(4)(e) Chip Seal Maintenance

Perform sweeping on the morning following the application of aggregate on any lane that has been open to traffic not controlled with pilot cars and before starting any other activities.

Chip seal surfaces must be maintained for 4 consecutive days from the day aggregate is applied.

Maintenance must include sweeping to maintain a surface free of loose aggregate and to prevent formation of corrugations. Sweeping must not dislodge aggregate set in asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder.

After 4 consecutive days, excess aggregate must be removed from the paved areas.

37-2.01D Payment

If there is no bid item for traffic control system, furnishing and using a pilot car is included in the various items of the work involved in applying the chip seal.

The payment quantity for precoated aggregate is the weight measured after the aggregate is preheated and precoated with asphalt binder.

If recorded batch weights are printed automatically, the payment quantity for aggregate is the weight determined from the printed batch weights if:

1. Total weight for the precoated aggregate per batch is printed

2. Total asphalt binder weight per batch is printed

3. Zero tolerance weight is printed before weighing the first batch and after weighing the last batch for each truckload

4. Time, date, mix number, load number, and truck identification are correlated with a load slip

5. Copy of the recorded batch weights is certified by a licensed weighmaster

37-2.02 ASPHALTIC EMULSION CHIP SEALS

37-2.02A General

37-2.02A(1) Summary

Section 37-2.02 includes specifications for applying asphaltic emulsion chip seals. An asphaltic emulsion chip seal includes applying an asphaltic emulsion, followed by aggregate, and then a flush coat.

A double asphaltic emulsion chip seal is the application of an asphaltic emulsion followed by aggregate, applied twice in sequence and then a flush coat.

37-2.02A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-2.02A(3) Submittals

Immediately after sampling, submit two 1-quart plastic containers of asphaltic emulsion taken in the presence of the Engineer. Samples must be submitted in insulated shipping container.

37-2.02A(4) Quality Assurance

37-2.02A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-2.02A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-2.02A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.02A(4)(b)(ii) Asphaltic Emulsions

Circulate asphaltic emulsion in the distributor truck before sampling. Take samples from the distributor truck at mid load or from a sampling tap or thief. Before taking samples, draw and dispose of 1 gallon. In the presence of the Engineer, take two 1-quart samples in a plastic container with lined sealed lid for acceptance testing.

For asphaltic emulsion, the authorized laboratory must perform quality control sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the following quality characteristics:

Asphaltic Emulsion

Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency

Sampling location

Saybolt Furol Viscosity, at 25 oC (Saybolt Furol seconds)

AASHTO T 59

Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck

Distributor truck

Sieve Test (%)

Storage stability, 1 day (%)

Residue by distillation (%)

Particle chargea

Tests on Residue from Distillation Test:

Penetration, 25 oC AASHTO T 49

Distributor truck Ductility AASHTO T 51

Solubility in trichloroethylene AASHTO T 44 aIf the result of the particle charge is inconclusive, the asphaltic emulsion must be tested for pH under ASTM E70. Grade QS1h asphaltic emulsion must have a minimum pH of 7.3. Grade CQS1h asphaltic emulsion must have a maximum pH of 6.7.

37-2.02A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Aggregate acceptance is based on the Department’s sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table:

Aggregate Gradation Acceptance Criteria

Quality characteristic Test method Requirement

Gradation (% passing by weight) Sieve size:

California Test 202

3/8" 5/16" 1/4"

3/4" -- -- --

1/2" 100 -- --

3/8" 85–100 100 100

No. 4 0–15 0–50 60–85

No. 8 0–5 0–15 0–25

No. 16 -- 0–5 0–5

No. 30 -- 0–3 0–3

No. 200 0–2 0–2 0–2

37-2.02B Materials

37-2.02B(1) General

Reserved

37-2.02B(2) Asphaltic Emulsions

Reserved

37-2.02B(3) Aggregate

Aggregate gradation for an asphaltic emulsion chip seal must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:

Asphaltic Emulsion Chip Seal Aggregate Gradation

Quality characteristic Test method Requirement

California Test

3/8" 5/16" 1/4"

3/4" -- -- --

1/2" 100 -- --

3/8" 85–100 100 100

No. 4 0–15 0–50 60–85

No. 8 0–5 0–15 0–25

No. 16 -- 0–5 0–5

37-2.02C Construction

37-2.02C(1) General

Reserved

37-2.02C(2) Asphaltic Emulsions

Asphaltic emulsions must be applied within the application rate ranges shown in the following table:

Asphaltic Emulsion Application Rates

Aggregate gradation Application rate range (gal/sq yd)

3/8" 0.30–0.45

5/16" 0.25–0.35

1/4" 0.20–0.30

For double asphaltic emulsion chip seals, the asphaltic emulsions must be applied within the application rates shown in the following table:

Asphaltic Emulsion Application Rates

Double chip seals Application rate range (gal/sq yd)

1st application 0.30–0.45

2nd application 0.20–0.30

When applied, the temperature of the asphaltic emulsions must be from 130 to 180 degrees F.

Apply asphaltic emulsions when the ambient air temperature is from 65 to 110 degrees F and the pavement surface temperature is at least 80 degrees F.

Do not apply asphaltic emulsions when weather forecasts predict the ambient air temperature will fall below 39 degrees F within 24 hours after application.

37-2.02C(3) Spreading Aggregates

Aggregate must be spread within the spread rate ranges shown in the following table:

Aggregate Spread Rates

Aggregate gradation Spread rate range (lb/sq yd)

3/8" 20–30

5/16" 16–25

1/4" 12–20

For double asphaltic emulsion chip seals, aggregate must be spread within the spread rate ranges shown in the following table:

Aggregate Spread Rates

Double chip seal Spread rate range (lb/sq yd)

1st application 23–30

2nd application 12–20

Remove excess aggregate on the 1st application before the 2nd application of asphaltic emulsion.

You may stockpile aggregate for asphaltic emulsion chip seals if you prevent contamination. Aggregate must have a damp surface at spreading. If water visibly separates from the aggregate, do not spread.

You may re-dampen aggregate in the delivery vehicle.

Spread aggregate before an asphaltic emulsion sets or breaks.

Do not spread aggregate more than 2,500 feet ahead of the completed initial rolling.

37-2.02D Payment

Not Used

37-2.03 POLYMER MODIFIED ASPHALTIC EMULSION CHIP SEALS

37-2.03A General

37-2.03A(1) Summary

Section 37-2.03 includes specifications for applying polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seals. A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seal includes applying a polymer modified asphaltic emulsion, followed by aggregate, and then a flush coat.

A double polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seal is the application of a polymer modified asphaltic emulsion followed by aggregate, applied twice in sequence and then a flush coat.

37-2.03A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-2.03A(3) Submittals

Immediately after sampling, submit two 1-quart cans of polymer modified asphaltic emulsion taken in the presence of the Engineer. A sample must be submitted in an insulated shipping container.

37-2.03A(4) Quality Assurance

37-2.03A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-2.03A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-2.03A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.03A(4)(b)(ii) Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsions

Circulate polymer modified asphaltic emulsions in the distributor truck before sampling. Take samples from the distributor truck at mid load or from a sampling tap or thief. Before taking samples, draw and dispose of 1 gallon. In the presence of the Engineer, take two 1-quart samples for acceptance testing.

For polymer modified asphaltic emulsions, the authorized laboratory must perform quality control sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the following quality characteristics:

Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion

Quality characteristic

Test method

Minimum sampling and testing frequency

Sampling location

Saybolt Furol Viscosity, at 50 °C (Saybolt Furol seconds)

Minimum 1 per day per

Distributor truck

Settlement, 5 days (max, %)

Storage stability test, 1 day (max, %)

Sieve test (max, %)

Demulsibility (min, %)

Particle charge

Ash content (max, %) ASTM D3723

Residue by evaporation (min, %) California Test 331

Tests on residue from evaporation test:

Penetration, 25 °C AASHTO T 49 Minimum 1 per day per

Distributor

Penetration, 4 °C, 200g for 60 seconds AASHTO T 49

Ductility, 25 °C (min, mm) AASHTO T 51

Torsional recovery (min, %) California Test 332

Ring and Ball Softening Point (min, °F) AASHTO T 53

37-2.03A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Aggregate acceptance is based on the Department’s sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table:

Aggregate Gradation Acceptance Criteria

Quality characteristic Test method Requirement

3/8" 5/16" 1/4"

3/4" -- -- --

1/2" 100 -- --

3/8" 85–100 100 100

No. 4 0–15 0–50 60–85

No. 8 0–5 0–15 0–25

No. 16 -- 0–5 0–5

37-2.03B Materials

37-2.03B(1) General

Reserved

37-2.03B(2) Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsions

A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion must include elastomeric polymer.

A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion must be Grade PMRS2, PMRS2h, PMCRS2, or PMCRS2h.

Polymer content in percent by weight does not apply.

A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion must comply with section 94 and the quality characteristic requirements in the following table:

Polymeric Asphaltic Emulsion

Penetration, 4 °C, 200g for 60 seconds (min) AASHTO T 49 6

Ring and Ball Softening Point (min, °F) AASHTO T 53 135

37-2.03B(3) Aggregate

The aggregate gradation for a polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seal must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:

Asphaltic Emulsion Chip Seal Aggregate Gradation

Quality characteristic Test method Requirement

Gradation (% passing by weight) Sieve Size

3/8" 5/16" 1/4"

3/4" -- -- --

1/2" 100 -- --

3/8" 85–100 100 100

No. 4 0–15 0–50 60–85

No. 8 0–5 0–15 0–25

No. 16 -- 0–5 0–5

37-2.03C Construction

Polymer modified asphaltic emulsions must be applied within the application rate ranges shown in the

Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion Application Rates

Aggregate gradation Application rate range (gal/sq yd)

3/8" 0.30–0.45

5/16" 0.25–0.35

1/4" 0.20–0.30

For double polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seals, polymer modified asphaltic emulsions must be applied within the application rates shown in the following table:

Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion Application Rates

Double application Application rate range (gal/sq yd)

1st application 0.30–0.45

2nd application 0.20–0.30

Apply polymer modified asphaltic emulsions when the ambient air temperature is from 60 to 105 degrees F and the pavement surface temperature is at least 80 degrees F.

Do not apply polymer modified asphaltic emulsions when weather forecasts predict the ambient air temperature will fall below 39 degrees F within 24 hours after application.

Aggregate must be spread within the spread rate ranges shown in the following table:

Aggregate Spread Rates

Chip seal type Spread rate range (lb/sq yd)

3/8" 20–30

5/16" 16–25

1/4" 12–20

For double chip seals, aggregate must be spread within spread rate ranges shown in the following table:

Aggregate Spread Rates

Double application Spread rate range (lb/sq yd)

1st application 23–30

2nd application 12–20

Remove excess aggregate on the 1st application before the 2nd application of asphaltic emulsion.

You may stockpile aggregate for the polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seals if you prevent contamination. Aggregate must have damp surfaces at spreading. If water visibly separates from the aggregate, do not spread. You may redampen aggregate in the delivery vehicle.

Spread aggregate before the polymer modified asphaltic emulsion sets or breaks.

Do not spread aggregate more than 2,500 feet ahead of the completed initial rolling.

37-2.03D Payment

Not Used

37-2.04 ASPHALT RUBBER BINDER CHIP SEALS

37-2.04A General

37-2.04A(1) Summary

Section 37-2.04 includes specifications for applying asphalt rubber binder chip seals.

An asphalt rubber binder chip seal consists of applying asphalt rubber binder followed by heated aggregate precoated with asphalt binder followed by a flush coat.

37-2.04A(2) Definitions crumb rubber modifier: Combination of ground or granulated high natural scrap tire crumb rubber and scrap tire crumb rubber derived from waste tires described in Pub Res Code § 42703.

descending viscosity reading: Subsequent viscosity reading at least 5 percent lower than the previous viscosity reading.

high natural scrap tire crumb rubber: Material containing 40 to 48 percent natural rubber.

scrap tire crumb rubber: Any combination of vehicle tires or tire buffing.

37-2.04A(3) Submittals

At least 5 business days before use, submit the permit issued by the local air district for asphalt rubber binder field blending equipment and application equipment. If an air quality permit is not required by the local air district for producing asphalt rubber binder, submit verification from the local air district that an air quality permit is not required.

For each delivery of asphalt rubber binder ingredients to the job site, submit a certificate of compliance with a copy of the specified test results.

Submit a certified volume or weight slip for each delivery of asphalt rubber binder ingredients and asphalt rubber binder.

Submit a SDS for each asphalt rubber binder ingredient and the asphalt rubber binder.

At least 15 days before use, submit:

1. Samples of each asphalt rubber binder ingredient:

1.1. 2 lbs of scrap tire crumb rubber

1.2. 2 lbs of high natural scrap tire crumb rubber

1.3. Two 1-quart cans of base asphalt binder

1.4. Two 1-quart cans of asphalt modifier

2. Asphalt rubber binder formulation and data as follows:

2.1. For asphalt modifier, include:

2.1.1. Source of asphalt modifier

2.1.2. Type of asphalt modifier

2.1.3. Percentage of asphalt modifier by weight of asphalt binder

2.1.4. Percentage of combined asphalt binder and asphalt modifier by weight of asphalt rubber binder

2.1.5. Test results for the specified quality characteristics

2.2. For crumb rubber modifier, include:

2.2.1. Each source and type of scrap tire crumb rubber and high natural scrap tire crumb rubber

2.2.2. Percentage of scrap tire crumb rubber and high natural scrap tire crumb rubber by total weight of asphalt rubber binder

2.2.3. Test results for the specified quality characteristics

2.3. For asphalt rubber binder, include minimum reaction time and temperature

Immediately after sampling, submit five 1-quart cans of asphalt rubber binder taken in the presence of the Engineer. Sample must be submitted in insulated shipping containers.

Submit notification 15 minutes before each viscosity test or submit a schedule of testing times.

Submit the log of asphalt rubber binder descending viscosity test results within 1 business day after sampling.

Submit asphalt rubber binder quality control viscosity test results within 1 business day after sampling.

37-2.04A(4) Quality Assurance

37-2.04A(4)(a) General

The equipment used in producing asphalt rubber binder and the equipment used in spreading asphalt rubber binder must be permitted for use or exempted by the local air district.

37-2.04A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-2.04A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.04A(4)(b)(ii) Asphalt Modifiers

For asphalt modifiers, the authorized laboratory must perform quality control sampling and testing at the specified frequency for the following quality characteristics:

Asphalt Modifier for Asphalt Rubber Binder

Quality characteristic Test method Frequency

Viscosity ASTM D445 1 per shipment

Flash point ASTM D92

Molecular Analysis:

Asphaltenes ASTM D2007 1 per shipment

Aromatics ASTM D2007

37-2.04A(4)(b)(iii) Crumb Rubber Modifiers

Sample and test scrap tire crumb rubber and high natural scrap tire crumb rubber separately.

Perform quality control sampling and testing at the specified frequency for the following quality characteristics:

Crumb Rubber Modifier

Quality characteristic Test method Frequency

Scrap tire crumb rubber gradation California Test 385 1 per 10,000

High natural scrap tire crumb rubber gradation California Test 385 1 per 3,400 lb

Wire in CRM California Test 385

1 per 10,000 lb Fabric in CRM California Test 385

CRM particle length --

CRM specific gravity California Test 208

Natural rubber content in high natural scrap tire crumb rubber

ASTM D297

1 per 3,400 lb

37-2.04A(4)(b)(iv) Asphalt Rubber Binders

For asphalt rubber binders, the authorized laboratory must perform quality control sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the following quality characteristics:

Asphalt Rubber Binder Quality Control Requirements

Quality characteristic Test method Sampling location Frequency

Descending viscositya at 375 °F (Pa•s x 10-3)

ASTM D7741

Reaction vessel

1 per lotb

Viscosity at 375 °F (Pa•s x 10-3) ASTM D7741 Distribution truck

15 minutes before use per lotb

Cone penetration at 25 °C (0.10 mm) ASTM D217 Distribution truck

1 per lotb Resilience at 25 °C (% rebound) ASTM D5329

Softening point (°C) ASTM D36 aStart taking viscosity readings at least 45 minutes after adding crumb rubber modifier and continue taking viscosity readings every 30 minutes until 2 consecutive descending viscosity readings have been obtained and the final viscosity complies with the specification requirement.

bA lot is defined in the MPQP.

Retain samples from each lot. Test samples for cone penetration, resilience, and softening point for the first 3 lots and if all 3 lots pass, the testing frequency may be…