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I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS PLAN, SPECIFICATION, OR REPORT WAS PREPARED

BY ME OR UNDER MY DIRECT SUPERVISION AND THAT I AM A DULY LICENSED

PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA.

DATE: LICENSE #

SIGNATURE:

PRINT NAME:

ENGINEERING

Anderson Engineering of Minnesota, LLC 13605 1st Avenue North Suite 100 Plymouth, MN 55441 763-412-4000 (o) 763-412-4090 (f) www.ae-mn.com

ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURE LAND SURVEYING

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

VA MEDICAL CENTER SEISMIC

UPGRADE AND SPECIALTY

CARE IMPROVEMENTS

FIGURE A - ROUTE AND

CONDITION OVERVIEW FIG A

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CHECKED BY:

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DESIGNED:5

NO. DATE DESCRIPTION OF REVISIONS

LOT J LOT K

LOT C

LOT D

LOT F

LOT A

LOT I

LOT X

LOT Y

LOT Z

LOT B

LO

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LOT V

LOT E

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ROUTE 8

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ROUTE 14

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FIG B

FIG F FIG E

FIG C

FIG D

LEGEND

RAMP (MAX 1/8' / 1')

3%+ CROSS SLOPE

NON-COMPLIANT

2% - 3% CROSS SLOPE

1% - 2% CROSS SLOPE

COMPLIANT

0% - 1% CROSS SLOPE

FIGURE EXTENTS

ACCESSIBLE ROUTE

ENGINEERING

Anderson Engineering of Minnesota, LLC 13605 1st Avenue North Suite 100 Plymouth, MN 55441 763-412-4000 (o) 763-412-4090 (f) www.ae-mn.com

ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURE LAND SURVEYING

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

FIGURE B - NORTH SECTION MAP

BUILDING 154A & 154B

SCALE: 1" = 50'

DATE: 02/16/2018 FIG B

PROJECT NO.

14686

MATCH LINE

MATCH LINE

N

LOT K154B

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PATRIOTS W

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0 25' 50'

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LOT ELOT D

LOT F

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LOT K

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ROUTE 4

ROUTE 3

ROUTE 2

LEGEND

RAMP (MAX 1/8' / 1')

3%+ CROSS SLOPE

NON-COMPLIANT

2% - 3% CROSS SLOPE

1% - 2% CROSS SLOPE

COMPLIANT

0% - 1% CROSS SLOPE

13605 1st Avenue North Suite 100 Plymouth, MN 55441 763-412-4000 (o) 763-412-4090 (f) www.ae-mn.com

ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURE LAND SURVEYING

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

FIGURE C - EAST SECTION MAP

BUILDING 141 & 150

SCALE: 1" = 50'

FIG C

PROJECT NO.

14686

DATE: 02/16/2018

154A

PATRIOTS W

AY

DEVIL'S BRIGADE

DRIVE

LOT I

LOT A

GENERAL FREDERICK DRIVE

ROUTE 7

ROUTE 6

ROUTE 5

N

0 25' 50'

LEGEND

RAMP (MAX 1/8' / 1')

3%+ CROSS SLOPE

NON-COMPLIANT

2% - 3% CROSS SLOPE

1% - 2% CROSS SLOPE

COMPLIANT

13605 1st Avenue North Suite 100 Plymouth, MN 55441 763-412-4000 (o) 763-412-4090 (f) www.ae-mn.com

ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURE LAND SURVEYING

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

FIGURE D - SOUTH SECTION MAP

BUILDING 167 & 168

SCALE: 1" = 50'

FIG D

PROJECT NO.

14686

MATCH LINE

MATCH LINE

DATE: 02/16/2018

LIBERTY LANE

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ROUTE 8

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LEGEND

RAMP (MAX 1/8' / 1')

3%+ CROSS SLOPE

NON-COMPLIANT

2% - 3% CROSS SLOPE

1% - 2% CROSS SLOPE

COMPLIANT

0% - 1% CROSS SLOPE

N

13605 1st Avenue North Suite 100 Plymouth, MN 55441 763-412-4000 (o) 763-412-4090 (f) www.ae-mn.com

ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURE LAND SURVEYING

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

FIGURE E - SOUTH WEST SECTION MAP

BUILDING 154

SCALE: 1" = 50'

FIG E

PROJECT NO.

14686

DATE: 02/16/2018

VETERANS DRIVE

LOT B

LOT B

ROUTE

ROUTE 11

N

0 25' 50'

LEGEND

RAMP (MAX 1/8' / 1')

3%+ CROSS SLOPE

NON-COMPLIANT

2% - 3% CROSS SLOPE

1% - 2% CROSS SLOPE

COMPLIANT

13605 1st Avenue North Suite 100 Plymouth, MN 55441 763-412-4000 (o) 763-412-4090 (f) www.ae-mn.com

ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURE LAND SURVEYING

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

FIGURE F - WEST SECTION MAP

BUILDING 169

SCALE: 1" = 50'

FIG F

PROJECT NO.

14686

DATE: 02/16/2018

LOT M

VETERANS DRIVE

V E T ERA NS W

AY ROUTE 13

ROUTE 14

N

0 25' 50'

LEGEND

RAMP (MAX 1/8' / 1')

3%+ CROSS SLOPE

NON-COMPLIANT

2% - 3% CROSS SLOPE

1% - 2% CROSS SLOPE

COMPLIANT

VA Barrier Free Design Standard A Supplement to the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Standards (ABAAS)

January 1, 2017 rev 11/1/18 Office of Construction & Facilities Management

Facilities Standards Service

PG-18-13

PG 18-13 - VA BARRIER FREE DESIGN STANDARD January 1, 2017 rev 11/01/2018

VA Barrier Free Design Standard The Architectural Barriers Act (ABA) insures that buildings financed with federal funds are so designed and constructed as to be accessible to everyone. This law requires all construction, renovation, or leasing with federal funds to meet the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Standard (ABAAS). ABAAS was made effective May 9, 2006 for new construction and alterations, June 30, 2006 for lease-construction facilities, and February 7, 2007 for all other leased facilities. ABAAS replaces the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS), which was VA’s previous standard for accessibility.

This supplement to ABAAS tailors some of the requirements to better meet the barrier free needs of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in its facilities.

Previous requirements have been simplified and abbreviated so that these six pages replace the former 26-page VA Barrier Free Design Handbook (H-08-13).

The following comparison tables are to assist contracted Architect/Engineer firms and VA staff in designing accessible facilities for the VA. Paragraph numbers correspond to ABAAS paragraph numbers.

Planners and designers are to be guided by ABAAS, the exception being where the more stringent VA requirement is noted in the tables.

Minimum Requirements

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Sites - parking spaces accessible 1% greater than ABAAS 1 SCI/D Facilities 0.2 accessible spaces per

Inpatient bed; 0.5 per Long- Term Care bed; 5.6 per Outpatient Exam Room.

Dedicated for SCI/D patients

Hospital Outpatient Facilities

Rehabilitation and Outpatient Physical Therapy Facilities

10% of total spaces

20% of total spaces

10% of total spaces

20% of total spaces

Buildings- accessible seating, assembly areas

1% greater than ABAAS 2

VA GUIDELINES ARE THE SAME AS ABAAS FOR MOST REQUIREMENTS.

WHERE VA REQUIREMENTS DIFFER, SEE BELOW.

http://www.access-board.gov/ada-aba/aba-standards-gsa.cfm http://www.access-board.gov/ufas/ufas-html/ufas.htm http://www.access-board.gov/ufas/ufas-html/ufas.htm

Accessible Route

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Width, min. Patient Care Areas 1800 mm (6'-0") 900 mm (3'-0") 3 Width, min. Administrative Areas 1500 mm (5'-0") 900 mm (3'-0") 3 Slope, maximum (including parking spaces) 1:33 (3%) 1:20 (5%) 4

Minimum gradient of walk requiring rest areas every 60 000 mm (200')

1:50 1:33 5

Turning Radius 1650 mm (5’-6”) 1500 mm (5’-0”) 31 Turning Radius, Bariatric 1800 mm (6’-0”) 1500 mm (5’-0”) 31

Floor Surfaces

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Changes in level Not permitted on SCI floors No requirement 6 Carpet cushion or padding Not permitted Permitted

Parking and Passenger Loading Zones

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Access aisle requirement for accessible parking spaces

1500 mm (5'-0") each side 1525*mm (5'-0") 1 per 2 spaces.

Passenger loading area "communication system" for assistance at SCI units

Yes No requirement 9

Curb Ramps

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Width, minimum 1200 mm (4'-0") 900 mm (3'-0") 10

Ramps

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Maximum slope 1:20 1:12 11 Maximum length, within range of

1:33 -1:26 12 000 mm (40' ) 60 000 mm (200') 12

Maximum length, within range of 1:25 -1:20

10 500 mm (35' ) 60 000 mm (200') 12

Minimum clear width 1200 mm (4'-0") 900 mm (3'-0") 13 Minimum size level landing, where doors swing into landing 1800 mm x 1800 mm (6'-0" x 6'-0")

1500 mm x 1500 mm (5'- 0" x 5'-0")

Stairs

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Handrail height 850 mm (34") 750 mm-850 mm (30”-34")

Elevators (Passenger)

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Minimum width of elevator doors 1200 mm (4'-0") 900 mm (3'-0") 16 Minimum car size 2400 mm x 1850 mm

(8'-0" x 6'-2") platform size 1730*mm x 1370*mm (68" x 51") car inside dimensions

Double set of handrails Yes No requirement 18

Windows

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Sill height in patient bedrooms 600 mm (24") maximum No requirement 19

Doors and Doorways

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Patient Care Delivery Areas with patient bed, stretcher or gurney access, minimum width

1200 mm (4' -0") 1100 mm (3' - 8") 20

Water Closets

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Grab bar configuration Double swing-up bars for all patient toilets/shower rooms on Nursing Units

Side & back bars for all accessible water closets.

Toilet Stalls

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Minimum accessible stall size 1650 mm x 1800 mm (5'-6" x 6'-0")

1500 mm x 1420*mm (5'- 0" x 4'-8")

Minimum size wheelchair "front-transfer" stall

1050 mm x 1800 mm (3'-6" x 6'-0")

900 mm x 1650 mm (3'-0" x 5'-6")

Grab bars Required in all stalls Required in accessible stalls

Shower Stalls (Patient)

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Minimum stall dimensions 1200 mm x 1200 mm (4'-0" x 4'-0")

900 mm x 900 mm (3'-0” x 3'-0”) or 750 mm x 1500 mm (2'-6" x 5'-0”)

Grab bars Horizontal plus vertical bars Horizontal bars only 30

Toilet Rooms

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Inpatient Bedroom Toilet Rooms, Minimum width of toilet room entrance doors

1200 mm (48") 850 mm (34") 24

Cafeterias

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Knee clearance, for minimum 5% tables

675 mm (2'-3") and 725 mm (2'-5") for at least 5%

675 mm (2'- 3") 26

Cutlery and supply height 1000 mm-1200 mm (40" - 48")

1350 mm (54") max. 27

Health Care Facilities

REQUIREMENT VA ABAAS NOTES

Medical/Surgical Nursing Units, percent of patient bedrooms accessible

100% 10% 28

Medical/Surgical Nursing Units, percent of toilet rooms accessible

100% 10% 28

*ABAAS indicates slightly different metric equivalents than the ones which VA has adopted.

Information gathered from data provided by the Department of Health and Human Services; the National Center for Health Statistics; and the Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Planning and Management Analysis (see SURVEY OF DISABLED VETERANS, OPMA-M 043-90-1).

1. The percent of disabled at VA hospitals is much higher than the percent of disabled in the general population. Two percent may be adequate for the general population. The percentage of disabled drivers/passengers is much higher in the veteran population. ABAAS Table 208.2 shows varying accessible parking space requirements. 1 out of every 6 accessible parking spaces shall be a van accessible parking space. Other VA Hospital service lines may have different requirements.

2. A higher percentage of sick and disabled make up the VA population than make up the general population. ABAAS Table 221.2.1.1 shows varying wheelchair space requirements in assembly areas.

3. It takes a minimum of 1500 mm (5’-0”) for two wheelchairs to pass. Wheelchairs have increased in size in recent years, so 1800 mm (6’-0”) is recommended for Patient Care Delivery Areas where wheelchair usage is commonplace.

4. The disabled population used by ABAAS to determine an acceptable slope for using public accommodations is stronger and younger than are veterans at VA facilities.

5. Previous studies used a younger, more fit, population to determine the minimum slope and distance for a disabled person’s travel capability.

6. Current standards are based on an active, independent population.

7. Refer to Section 4 Parking Geometrics in the Parking Design Manual.

8. Disabled veterans come to VA facilities either driving or as a passenger. Both sides of the parking space must be accessible to allow disembarking from either side of the vehicle.

9. This feature, not mentioned in other standards, allow SCI veterans to contact Nursing Service, Pharmacy, or Security for their appropriate needs without the extra burden of unloading their wheelchair and leaving their car.

10. Sick veterans in wheelchairs are often weak, disoriented, and unskilled in wheelchair operation.

Studies show the additional 300 mm (1’-0”) provides a much needed margin of safety.

11. Tests show only those with good upper body strength can manage a ramp slope of 1:12. Slopes greater than 1:16 create safety hazards for any wheeled vehicle.

12. Long uninterrupted ramps are prone to cause accidents. Weak, unskilled wheelchair users need more frequent stops in order to operate wheelchairs safely.

13. The 300 mm (1’-0”) added width is necessary to ensure all VA wheelchair users can get up and down the ramp, safely.

14. Older, frail, disoriented, or disabled veterans need a larger level platform to maneuver a wheelchair.

15. Life Safety Code (NFPA 101) requires 850 mm (34") to 950 mm (38").

16. Hospital elevator doors need to be 1200 mm (4’-0”) wide in order to better facilitate the movement of gurneys, beds, and multiple wheelchairs.

17. See Transport Systems Design Manual. The larger cab size is required for movement of gurneys and multiple wheelchairs. This dimension is for side (off-centered) doors. Elevator cabs with centered doors require a minimum 51” x 80” clear dimension.

18. Handrails protect the elevator cab walls and provide stability for patients; the lower rail for wheelchairs, the higher rail for gurney riders and standers.

19. Window sills must be low enough that seated (wheelchair) and bedridden patients can see the outdoors.

20. A 1200 mm (4’-0”) door to patient and patient care delivery area bedrooms is required because beds with accessories, stretchers, and gurneys are frequently moved from one room to another and wheelchairs are larger. This includes Long Term Care, CLC, Small House, SCI/D, Mental Health, Domiciliary/Supportive Housing, Diagnostic and Treatment Areas such as X-Ray, Surgery, or Rehabilitation Therapy functions, Bariatric Exam Rooms, and Outpatient Procedure Rooms. In Medical/Surgical Nursing Units and Intensive Care Nursing Units, provide a 6’-0” wide opening with a 4’-0” and a 2’-0” door leaf for Bariatric Rooms. All Toilet Rooms within Patient Rooms shall also comply with the 4’-0” minimum width requirement. Where patient beds, stretcher, and gurneys do not access a patient care delivery room, then a minimum of 42” is required for the door width. See each individual Design Guide for specific door requirements.

21. An 800 mm (2’-8”) opening is not adequate for some wheelchairs and most gurneys.

22. Disabled patients in wheelchairs many times are not skilled in maneuvering wheelchairs, may be weaker, and space is often needed for someone to assist.

23. The 900 mm x 900 mm (3’-0” x 3’-0”) shower has a folding seat which requires the patient to transfer from the wheelchair. The 750 mm x 1500 mm (2’-6” x 5’-0”) shower just barely accommodates a wheelchair. There is little room for the patient to maneuver or for attendants to assist.

24. VA uses a standard 1200 mm (4’-0”) door to ensure a 1150 mm (46”) clear opening to patient and patient care delivery area Bedroom Toilet Rooms because wheelchairs and gurneys are larger now.

This includes Long Term Care, CLC, Small House, Medical/ Surgical Nursing Units, Intensive Care, SCI/D, Mental Health, and Domiciliary/Supportive Housing.

25. The additional width allows correct door width and makes the stall usable by wheelchair users.

26. Many disabled veterans use electric wheelchairs with a control stick that will not fit under a table with only 675 mm (2’-3”) clearance.

27. Frail, disabled patients have a more limited reach than independent, more physically sound, wheelchair users.

28. The VA Under Secretary for Health has advised that 100% accessibility makes nursing simpler, puts less strain on staff, gives patients more independence, and requires less patient supervision by a limited staff. For renovation projects or projects at existing facilities where space is at a premium, consideration can be given to having less than 100% of the rooms accessible while meeting ABAAS requirements at a minimum.

29. Hospital Outpatient Facilities are those located in hospitals and which provide regular and continuing medical treatment. Rehabilitation and Outpatient Physical Therapy Facilities cover patients with mobility impairments.

30. See VA Standard Details 13.1, 13.2, and 13.3.

31. Wheelchairs have increased in size in recent years, thus the need for a 5’-6” minimum turning radius requirement.

VA U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Facilities Management

Physical Security and Resiliency

Design Manual

OCTOBER 1, 2020

Revised January 1, 2021

Cover Photos

First row: Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, 1601 Perdido Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112;

Washington D.C. Veterans Affairs Medical Center's (DCVAMC) Community Resource and Referral Center (CRRC), 1500 Franklin Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20018.

Second row: Orlando VA Medical Center, 13800 Veterans Way, Orlando, Florida 32827; Willamette National Cemetery, 11800 Southeast Mt. Scott Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97086; Alaska VA Healthcare System, 1201 North Muldoon Road, Anchorage, Alaska 99504.

https://www.neworleans.va.gov/ http://www.va.gov/directory/guide/facility.asp?ID=6227&dnum=1 http://www.orlando.va.gov/ http://www.cem.va.gov/cems/nchp/willamette.asp http://www.cem.va.gov/cems/nchp/willamette.asp http://www.alaska.va.gov/

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF

VETERANS AFFAIRS

PHYSICAL SECURITY & RESILIENCY

DESIGN MANUAL

October 1, 2020 Revised January 1, 2021

This page is intentionally blank.

PHYSICAL SECURITY & RESILIENCY DESIGN MANUAL October 1, 2020 Revised 01-01-2021 i

PREFACE

It has long been the policy of the U.S. Government to assure the continuity and viability of infrastructure that is critical to the mission of a Federal agency. Laws and regulations applicable to VA include:

Executive Order 12656, issued November 18, 1988, requiring the head of each Federal department and agency to be prepared to respond adequately to all national security emergencies

Public Law 107-188, Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002

Public Law 107-287, Department of Veterans Affairs Emergency Preparedness Act of

38 USC Sec. 901, which gives the Secretary the authority to prescribe regulations to provide for the maintenance of law and order and the protection of persons and property on VA properties.

In response, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) conducted physical security assessments of 118 VA facilities, which resulted in 24 physical security strategies. The VA Secretary approved the Adoption of Physical Security Strategies for VA Facilities in 2006. Physical security and resiliency design requirements were developed to implement these strategies. This Physical Security and Resiliency Design Manual (PSRDM) supersedes the 2015 Physical Security Design Manuals (PSDM). Recommendations from the 2016 Value Management Study were considered when updating the PSRDM. The PSRDM represents exemplary collaboration across the entire VA.

ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Physical Security and Resiliency Design Manual for the Department of Veterans Affairs is the result of work and input from many departments and individuals. We wish to thank the following for their valuable contributions and support to this Design Manual.

Office of Construction & Facilities Management (CFM) Lloyd H. Siegel, FAIA Retired. Former Associate Executive Director, Office of Facilities Planning (OFP) Donald Myers, AIA Director, Facilities Standards Service (FSS) John Bulick, RA Director, Facilities Planning Development Service

(FPDS)

Jay Sztuk, AIA Retired. Former Director, Cost Estimating Service

(CES)

Mark Wiersma, PE Director, Consulting Support Service (CSS) Juan Archilla, PE Structural Engineer, FSS Thomas Biery, PE Retired. Former Mechanical Engineer, CSS Ken Carrico, AIA Director, Project Control Service Fei (Linda) Chan, AIA Planner/Architect, FPDS Jihaad Davenport, EIT AVS Value Management Coordinator, CES Gary Fischer, AIA Senior Healthcare Architect, FSS Asok Ghosh, PE, PhD Structural Engineer, CSS Ronald Johnson Architect/Specifications Writer, FSS Michael Koch Architect, CSS Fred Lau, PE Structural Engineer, FSS Larry Lau, PE Electrical Engineer, CSS Mahmut Nazli, PE Mechanical Engineer, FSS Christine Rai Leasing Team Lead, Office of Real Property (ORP) Dennis Sheils Retired. Former Deputy Director, FPDS Matthew Shepardson Management Analyst, FPDS Michael Taylor, PE Mechanical Engineer, FSS Bryan Unger, PE Structural Engineer, FSS Lam Vu, PE Electrical Engineer, FSS

Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Edward A. Litvin, PE, CHFM Deputy to Assistant Deputy Under Secretary for

Health Operations & Administration Jeffery C. Belczak VISN 2 Fire Protection and Safety Engineer Peter Brewster Emergency Management Specialist, Office of Emergency Management Troy Brown VHA Senior Security Specialist iii

Randall B. Dell, MSSI, CAAMA Acting Director, Office of Emergency Management

(OEM)

James Johnson Retired. Former Capital Program Consultant, OCAMES

David Klein, PE Deputy Director and Fire Protection Program Manager, Office of Occupational Safety, Health, and GEMS Programs

Oleh Kowalskyj, MSCE, CHFM, CCS Deputy Director for Healthcare Engineering, Office of Healthcare Engineering, Healthcare Environment and Facilities Programs (HEFP)

Gary Krupa, PE Retired. Former Senior Electrical Engineer, Office of Healthcare Engineering, HEFP

Peter Larrimer, PE Fire Protection Operations Manager, Office of Occupational Safety, Health, and GEMS Programs

Dennis Olson EMCAP Program Manager, OEM Paul Phillips VISN 20 Emergency Manager/Capital Support Abid Rahman, MD Associate Director for Program Coordination, OEM Vincent Rizzo, PE Compliance Engineer, Office of Healthcare

Engineering, HEFP David Sine, DrBE, CSP, ARM, CPHRM Chief Risk Officer, Office of Quality, Safety, and

Value Kevin Thompson Field Program Manager, OEM Don Wainwright, FACHE Retired. Former Compliance Engineer, Office of

Healthcare Engineering, HEFP

Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) John Green Assistant Director, Emergency Preparedness, Safety, Security and Watch Officers Division Saeed Noorbakhsh Architect/Senior Project Manager

National Cemetery Administration (NCA) Michael Roth Director, Design and Construction Service Peggy Jensen Project Manager, Design and Construction Service Glenn Madderom Chief, Cemetery Development & Improvement

Service

Office of Information and Technology (OIT) David Cheplick Director, Wide Area Network, IT Operations and

Services Kelly Bates, DCIE, CPMM Data Center & Infrastructure Engineer, Solution

Delivery, Data Center & Infrastructure Engineering iv

Kevin Grzelka, CTIA, CISSP Data Center & Infrastructure Engineer, Solution Delivery, Data Center & Infrastructure Engineering

John Wernau, DCIE Data Center & Infrastructure Engineer, Solution Delivery, Data Center & Infrastructure Engineering

Michael Julian, RCDD Data Center & Infrastructure Engineer, Solution Delivery, Data Center & Infrastructure Engineering

Curtis Derbigny Data Center & Infrastructure Engineer, Solution Delivery, Data Center & Infrastructure Engineering

Matthew Hammaker TVE Project Manager, IT Operations and Services

Office of Management (OM) Nikki Zook Management Analyst, Office of Asset Enterprise

Management

Office of Operations, Security, and Preparedness (OSP) Darryl G. Blackwell Division Chief, Policy and Infrastructure Protection

Division, Office of Security and Law Enforcement Keith Frost Retired. Former Chief, Policy and Infrastructure

Protection Division, Office of Security and Law Enforcement

Joel Andrews Security Specialist Larry Casserly PACS-Program Manager Forrest Frakes, GCL, CET, PC Acting Chief, Special Systems Hector Marcayda Deputy HSPD-12 Program Manager John Robertson Program Analyst Keith Van Bakel Telecommunications Specialist

National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) Project Team Michael Chipley, PhD, GICSP, PMP, LEED AP President, The PMC Group, LLC Theodore C. Moeller, PE, LEED AP Director of Electrical & Technology Engineering, GLHN Architects & Engineers, Inc Terrence P. Ryan, CPP President, TRyan AT/FP LLC Tom O. Sachs, AIA Director of Architectural Services, OKKS Studios, a subsidiary of Delta Engineers, Architects & Land Surveyors, PC, Kenneth Schram, PE LEED AP Principal-in-Charge Mechanical Engineer, Plumbing/Fire Protection Engineer, Syska Hennessy Group

Robert Smilowitz, PhD, PE Principal, Thornton Tomasetti, Weidlinger Protective Design Practice v

Peggy Van Eepoel, PE Associate Principal, Thornton Tomasetti, Weidlinger Protective Design Practice

Nanne Davis Eliot, AIA, NCARB, PMP Esquire, Program Director, National Institute of Building Sciences vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Authority ................................................................................................................. 1-2

1.3 Administration and Enforcement ........................................................................... 1-3

1.4 VA Facilities ............................................................................................................. 1-4

1.5 Planning, Budgeting, and Programming for Physical Security and Resiliency ........ 1-20

1.6 Introduction to Physical Security and Resiliency Concepts .................................... 1-22

1.7 Coordination and Prioritization of Physical Security and Resiliency Requirements with Other Documents .................................................................... 1-23

1.8 Requirements for Subject Matter Specialists ......................................................... 1-23

1.9 Information Safeguarding and Dissemination Controls ......................................... 1-24

2 GUIDANCE ON USING THE PHYSICAL SECURITY AND RESILIENCY

DESIGN MANUAL ................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Risk Assessment of VA Facilities ............................................................................. 2-3

2.3 Exceptions and Deviations ...................................................................................... 2-7

2.4 Application of Requirements in Common Project Scopes ...................................... 2-9

3 SITE CONSIDERATIONS ........................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 3-1

3.2 Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) .................................... 3-1

3.3 Standoff Distance .................................................................................................... 3-2

3.4 Perimeter Barrier .................................................................................................... 3-3

3.5 Vehicle and Pedestrian Screening........................................................................... 3-5

3.6 Anti-Ram Rated Vehicle Barriers ............................................................................ 3-7

3.7 Parking .................................................................................................................... 3-8

3.8 Site Lighting ............................................................................................................. 3-12

3.9 Landscaping ............................................................................................................. 3-14

3.10 Signage .................................................................................................................... 3-15 vii

4 BUILDING ENTRANCES AND EXITS .......................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 Public Entrances and Lobbies ................................................................................. 4-2

4.3 Patient Drop-offs..................................................................................................... 4-7

4.4 Building Exits and Life Safety Considerations ......................................................... 4-8

5 FUNCTIONAL AREAS .............................................................................................. 5-1

5.1 Agent Cashier .......................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2 Caches: All-Hazards Emergency Cache and Pharmacy Cache ............................... 5-3

5.3 Childcare/Development Center .............................................................................. 5-5

5.4 Computer Room ...................................................................................................... 5-6

5.5 Emergency Department .......................................................................................... 5-7

5.6 Emergency and/or Standby Generator Room ........................................................ 5-8

5.7 Energy Center/Boiler Plant ..................................................................................... 5-10

5.8 Fire Command Center (FCC) ................................................................................... 5-12

5.9 Incident Command Center ...................................................................................... 5-12

5.10 Loading Dock and Service Entrances ....................................................................... 5-13

5.11 Mailroom................................................................................................................. 5-17

5.12 Pharmacy ................................................................................................................ 5-20

5.13 Police Operations Room and Holding Room .......................................................... 5-22

5.14 Records Storage and Archives ................................................................................ 5-24

5.15 Research Laboratory and Vivarium ......................................................................... 5-25

5.16 Security Control Center ........................................................................................... 5-29

5.17 Storage of Hazardous Materials ............................................................................. 5-35

6 BUILDING ENVELOPE ............................................................................................. 6-1

6.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 6-1

6.2 Non-Load Bearing Exterior Walls ............................................................................ 6-3

6.3 Fenestration and Doors .......................................................................................... 6-4

6.4 Atria ......................................................................................................................... 6-8

6.5 Roofs ....................................................................................................................... 6-9

6.6 Critical Equipment Protection ................................................................................. 6-11 viii

6.7 Calculation Methods and Documentation .............................................................. 6-12

7 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM ............................................................................................ 7-1

7.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 7-1

7.2 Blast Resistance ...................................................................................................... 7-3

7.3 Design for Global Stability of the Structure ............................................................ 7-8

7.4 Prevention of Progressive Collapse ........................................................................ 7-9

7.5 Anti-Ram Resistance ............................................................................................... 7-10

7.6 Calculation Methods ............................................................................................... 7-11

8 UTILITIES AND BUILDING SERVICES ......................................................................... 8-1

8.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 8-1

8.2 Utility Entrances ...................................................................................................... 8-2

8.3 Site Distribution ...................................................................................................... 8-5

8.4 Energy Center.......................................................................................................... 8-6

8.5 Water and Fuel Storage .......................................................................................... 8-7

8.6 Protection of Equipment......................................................................................... 8-14

9 BUILDING SYSTEMS ............................................................................................... 9-1

9.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 9-1

9.2 HVAC Systems ......................................................................................................... 9-2

9.3 Electrical Systems .................................................................................................... 9-4

9.4 Telecommunications Systems................................................................................. 9-5

9.5 Plumbing Systems ................................................................................................... 9-9

9.6 Fire Protection Systems .......................................................................................... 9-9

10 SECURITY SYSTEMS ................................................................................................ 10-1

10.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals ...................................................................................... 10-1

10.2 Coordination with Telecommunication and Other Systems .................................. 10-5

10.3 Electronic Security Systems .................................................................................... 10-12

10.4 Physical Access Control System/Electronic Access and Door Control .................... 10-14

10.5 Intrusion Detection System .................................................................................... 10-16

10.6 Security Surveillance Television .............................................................................. 10-19

10.7 Duress, Security Phones, and Intercom System ..................................................... 10-26 ix

10.8 Public Address/Mass Notification System .............................................................. 10-31

10.9 Security Control Center, Integrated Operations Center, Emergency Operations Center ................................................................................ 10-32

10.10 Patient or Staff Annunciator/Locator (PAL) ............................................................ 10-33

10.11 Behavioral Health Area (Psychiatric or Mental Health Area) ................................. 10-34

10.12 Narcotics Storage Alerting and Signal System ........................................................ 10-34

10.13 Detection and Screening Systems .......................................................................... 10-35

11 GLOSSARY & ACRONYMS ....................................................................................... 11-1

12 REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 12-1

13 APPENDIX

A1 VA Standard Security Door Types

A2 Security Door Opening Schedule

A3 Door Opening Matrix

B Security System Matrix https://www.cfm.va.gov/til/PhysicalSecurity/dmPhySecAppxA1.pdf https://www.cfm.va.gov/til/PhysicalSecurity/dmPhySecAppxA2.pdf https://www.cfm.va.gov/til/PhysicalSecurity/dmPhySecAppxA3.xlsx https://www.cfm.va.gov/til/PhysicalSecurity/dmPhySecAppxB.xlsx

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1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Scope, Purpose, and Goals

This manual contains the baseline physical security and resiliency requirements for improving the protection of Mission Critical (MC) Facilities, Life-Safety Protected (LSP) Facilities, and LSP Facilities with MC Utilities/Systems Redundancies of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). This updated manual has been retitled the Physical Security and Resiliency Design Manual (PSRDM). The physical security and resiliency design and construction requirements in this manual apply to new buildings, additions, and alteration/renovation of existing facilities and/or sites, owned by VA.

MC Facilities are those intended to remain fully functional during and following a natural or manmade extreme event or a national emergency. LSP Facilities are those intended to protect the life safety of the VA patients, staff, and visitors in case of an emergency. Although indispensable to the mission of VA, LSP facilities are not required to remain operational during and following a natural or manmade extreme event or a national emergency. LSP Facilities with MC Utilities/Systems Redundancies are those intended to remain functional with minor repairs, in addition to protecting the life safety of occupants. These facilities are listed in section 1.4 of this chapter.

The previous edition (2015) of the Physical Security Design Manual (PSDM) provided in two separate volumes the requirements for MC facilities and LSP facilities. This manual provides the physical security and resiliency requirements for VA facilities in one volume and now provides direction on the application of the requirements for various project scopes (see Section 2.4).

The requirements of this manual must be coordinated with all VA design and construction requirements for the mitigation of other hazards, such as earthquake and hurricane, in order to complete a multi-hazard approach to planning, design, and construction for physical security and resiliency. The requirements also must be coordinated with the requirements of the Life Safety Code, NFPA 101; the PSRDM does not supersede any life-safety requirements, standards, or codes that have been recognized by VA.

The physical security and resiliency requirements in this manual account for VA operations and policies and balance cost with effectiveness. An objective of this manual is to provide cost effective design criteria that will, when constructed and implemented, provide the appropriate level of physical security and resiliency to support VA services and facilities.

This introductory section provides the general information on how physical security and resiliency requirements are to be applied by the VA facility director and the planner, designer, architect, engineer, and project manager, with the goal of improved decision-making during the project planning phase, which follows the Strategic Capital Investment Process (SCIP) and

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precedes the Department’s budget request to Congress. Chapter 2 of this manual provides direction on the use of this manual, specifically on risk and vulnerability assessments (section 2.2) and applicable requirements for common project scopes (section 2.4). Later chapters provide complete descriptions of the physical security and resiliency requirements by discipline.

The requirements for new buildings and additions are listed under each section, while the specific or applicable requirements for alteration/renovation of existing facilities are listed at the end of each section within a gray text box.

Physical security and resiliency requirements are not the same as cybersecurity requirements.

Chapter 10 includes cybersecurity requirements only where needed to support physical security and resiliency, and to maintain operation of VA facilities. The PSRDM supports cybersecurity and has been coordinated with required physical security systems as outlined in the 2016 VA Telecommunications Design Manual; therefore, Appendix B of this manual has been modified to address separation of networks as well as protection of IT assets.

Additional resiliency requirements for VA facilities are covered in other VA design guides and criteria and must be coordinated with the PSRDM requirements. A primary goal of the PSRDM is to support the resiliency of all VA facilities following a natural or manmade extreme event or a national emergency; therefore, included in this manual are resiliency requirements in support of continuity of operation of VA facilities. For MC facilities and LSP facilities with MC utilities/systems redundancies, resiliency requirements must support continued operations for a minimum of 96 hours during and following an extreme event.

1.2 Authority

It has long been the policy of the U.S. Government to assure the continuity and viability of infrastructure that is critical to the mission of a Federal agency. Executive Order 12656, issued November 18, 1988, states, “The head of each Federal department and agency must be prepared to respond adequately to all national security emergencies.” Furthermore, the “head of each Federal department and agency must ensure the continuity of essential functions in any national security emergency by providing for: succession to office and emergency delegation of authority in accordance with applicable law; safekeeping of essential resources, facilities, and records; and establishment of emergency operating capabilities.” The Order also requires that the “head of each Federal department and agency must: identify facilities and resources, both government and private, essential to the national defense and national welfare, and assess their vulnerabilities and develop strategies, plans, and programs to provide for the security of such facilities and resources, and to avoid or minimize disruptions of essential services during any national security emergency.”

Public Law 107-188, Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 enacted June 12, 2002, requires actions to enhance the readiness of Department of

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Veterans Affairs medical centers to enable them to fulfill their obligations as part of the Federal response to public health emergencies. Under section 154 the law specifically requires that the “Secretary of Veterans Affairs must take appropriate actions to enhance the readiness of Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers to protect the patients and staff of such centers from chemical or biological attack or otherwise to respond to such an attack and so as to enable such centers to fulfill their obligations as part of the Federal response to public health emergencies.”

Public Law 107-287, Department of Veterans Affairs Emergency Preparedness Act of 2002 enacted November 7, 2002, requires that the “Secretary take appropriate actions to provide for the readiness of Department medical centers to protect the patients and staff of such centers from chemical or biological attack or otherwise to respond to such an attack so as to enable such centers to fulfill their obligations as part of the Federal response to public health emergencies” and that the “Secretary take appropriate actions to provide for the security of Department medical centers and research facilities, including staff and patients at such centers and facilities.” This Act also states that the “Secretary may furnish hospital care and medical services to individuals responding to, involved in, or otherwise affected by that disaster or emergency.”

38 USC Sec. 901 gives the Secretary the authority to prescribe regulations to provide for the maintenance of law and order and the protection of persons and property on VA property.

1.3 Administration and Enforcement

The physical security and resiliency requirements in this manual apply to all design and construction projects for new facilities, and renovation/alteration of existing facilities. These projects include but are not limited to projects in VA’s Major, Minor and Non-Recurring Maintenance (NRM) construction programs, for which design is begun on or after the effective date of this design manual.

All projects in VA’s Major Construction Program that are in design at the effective date of the manual but have not concluded the 35-percent design milestone (defined as Schematic Design or SD2) must incorporate the requirements of this manual. For Major projects that have reached the 35-percent design milestone, they are required to be in compliance with the edition of this manual effective at the time OR the current version, at the discretion of the Project Delivery Team.

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Table 1-1 Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) for Physical Security and Resiliency Requirements

VHA VBA NCA

Assistant Under Secretary for Health for Support Services

Executive Director for Office of Administration and Facilities

Under Secretary for Memorial Affairs

Deviations from the baseline requirements in this manual must be supported by a risk assessment of both the site and facility during the planning phase of the project before the development of project scope and budget. Requests for deviation must be submitted to the AHJ overseeing the implementation of physical security and resiliency requirements for the facility for review. When no risk assessment is performed during the project planning phase, the baseline requirements of this manual must apply. The processes for submitting requests for deviations from the baseline requirements are described in section 2.3 Exceptions and Deviations.

1.4 VA Facilities

1.4.1 Physical Security and Resiliency Designations for VA Facilities:

This section lists the VA facilities according to the following physical security and resiliency designations:

• MC Facilities

• LSP Facilities w/ MC Utilities/Systems Redundancies

• LSP Facilities

• Facilities w/ Varying Designations

• Exempt Facilities

1.4.1.1 MC Facilities: These facilities are intended to remain fully functional with little to no damage to impede operations during and following a natural or manmade extreme event or a national emergency. Type V construction (specifically light-frame wood and cold-formed steel framing structure) is not permitted for MC facilities.

Table 1-2 MC Facilities

Acute Care [Acute Beds] - inpatient medical/surgical beds

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Table 1-2 MC Facilities

Acute Care [Acute Beds] - outpatient1

Drug/Alcohol Rehabilitation - inpatient

Emergency Command Center

Fire Station, Police Station

Hazardous Material Storage

Hospital

Imaging Center – inpatient

Medical Records - standalone central storage

Mental Health/Psychiatric Care - Inpatient

National Continuity of Operation Center

OIT - Core Data Center (CDC)

Polytrauma – inpatient

Research - Animal Facility

Research Facility w/ Wet Labs

Security & Law Enforcement

Notes:

1) Includes urgent care (not 24/7) and Emergency Department.

1.4.1.2 LSP Facilities with MC Utilities/Systems Redundancies: These facilities are intended to protect the life safety of the VA patients, staff, and visitors in case of an emergency, and to remain functional during and following a natural or manmade extreme event or a national emergency, with minor repairs. In addition to complying

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with requirements of LSP facilities, MC Utilities and Systems Redundancies must be provided in accordance with Chapters 8 and 9 of this manual.

Table 1-3 LSP Facilities with MC Utilities/Systems Redundancies

Community Living Center (CLC) (LTC, ECRC, ECU)

Dietetics (serving inpatient/food production)1

Domiciliary/MH RRTP

Imaging Center - outpatient

Notes:

1) The purpose of the facility is serving inpatient and food production, not administrative office space.

1.4.1.3 LSP Facilities: These facilities are intended to protect the life safety of the VA patients, staff, and visitors in case of an emergency. Although indispensable to the mission of VA, LSP facilities are not required to remain operational during and following a natural or manmade extreme event or a national emergency.

Table 1-4 LSP Facilities

Canteen-Retail Store

Chapel (standalone building)

Child Care

Credit Union

Drug/Alcohol Rehabilitation – outpatient

Library/Museum

Maintenance Facility (Shops)

Mental Health/Psychiatric Care - Outpatient

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Table 1-4 LSP Facilities

Office (e.g., Clinical Administrative, General Administrative, etc.)

OIT - National Call Center

OIT - Network Support Center (NSC)

Outbuilding (General Use)

Polytrauma - outpatient

Post Office

Quarters (Residential)

Recreational

Rehabilitation Medicine - outpatient

Research Facility w/ Dry Labs only

Spinal Cord Injury/Disorders Center (SCID Center) -outpatient

Student Housing

Training, Education

Veterans Services

Waste Management (incinerator & Recycle)

1.4.1.4 Facilities with Varying Designations: The physical security and resiliency designations for these facilities can range from LSP to MC. The determination of the

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designations depends on the services provided in these facilities, or the designation of the primary facilities supported by these facilities.

Table 1-5 Facilities with/Varying Designations

Facilities

Possible Designations

Notes M

C

LS

P w /M

C U til iti es

Sy st em s R ed un da nc ie s

LS

P

Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC)

X X X

Default designation is MC. Request to lower the designation can be submitted for review/approval when there is identified alternate VA site of care.

Auditorium

- X X

Default designation is LSP. Follow Designation of the primary facility that it supports up to LSP w/Utility/System Redundancy. When the auditorium/facility, with public assembly as primary occupancy and with an occupant load greater than 300, upgrade to LSP w/MC Utilities/Systems Redundancies.

Biomedical Eng. (equip. & wheelchair repair)

- X X

Default designation is LSP. Follow Designation of the facility that it supports, up to LSP w/MC Utilities/Systems Redundancies.

Canteen-Cafeteria

- X X

Default designation is LSP. Follow Designation of the facility that it supports, up to LSP w/MC Utilities/Systems Redundancies.

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Facilities

Possible Designations

Notes

M C

LS

P w /M

C U til iti es

Sy st em s R ed un da nc ie s

LS

P

Central Energy/Utility Plant (including chiller and boiler plants)

X X X To be designed to…