36C25920R0013-0001002.pdf

Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

NFPA®

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25-1

NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.

Copyright © 2019 National Fire Protection Association®. All Rights Reserved.

NFPA® 25

Standard for the

Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

2020 Edition

This edition of NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Systems and acted on by NFPA at its Association Technical Meeting held June 17–20, 2019, in San Antonio, TX. It was issued by the Standards Council on August 5, 2019, with an effective date of August 25, 2019, and supersedes all previous editions.

This edition of NFPA 25 was approved as an American National Standard on August 25, 2019.

Origin and Development of NFPA 25

The first edition of NFPA 25, published in 1992, was a collection of inspection, testing, and maintenance provisions that helped ensure the successful operation of water-based fire protection systems. NFPA 25 was developed as an extension of existing documents such as NFPA 13A, Recommended Practice for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Sprinkler Systems, and NFPA 14A, Recommended Practice for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Standpipe and Hose Systems, both of which successfully assisted authorities having jurisdiction and property owners with routine inspections of sprinkler systems and standpipes. These documents have since been withdrawn from the NFPA standards system. NFPA 25 became the main document governing sprinkler systems as well as related systems, including underground piping, fire pumps, storage tanks, water spray systems, and foam-water sprinkler systems.

This document provides instruction on how to conduct inspection, testing, and maintenance activities. It also stipulates how often such activities are required to be completed. Requirements are provided for impairment procedures, notification processes, and system restoration. This type of information, where incorporated into a building maintenance program, enhances the demonstrated favorable experience of all water-based fire protection systems.

The 1995 edition incorporated several improvements that reflected the initial experience with the standard. A new chapter was added that addressed obstructions in pipe as well as appropriate corrective actions.

The 1998 edition refined testing requirements and frequencies and provided additional guidance for preplanned impairment programs. The document scope was expanded to include marine systems.

The 2002 edition continued to refine testing frequencies for waterflow devices and evaluation of the annual fire pump test data. This edition also included additional information regarding evaluation and test methods for microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC).

In the 2008 edition, a section permitting performance-based testing was added, providing guidance on alternative means for determining testing frequencies based on system/component failure rates. Component replacement testing tables were introduced in this edition to provide guidance for the appropriate tests to be performed following replacement of system components.

Inspection, testing, and maintenance requirements for water mist systems were extracted from NFPA 750, Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, and were inserted into a new chapter. This action consolidated inspection, testing, and maintenance requirements for all water-based fire protection systems into one document.

The 2011 edition further updated testing frequencies based on a growing database of inspection, testing, and maintenance records. In two new annexes, information was provided for classification of

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INSPECTION, TESTING, AND MAINTENANCE OF WATER-BASED FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS25-2

2020 Edition needed repairs and hazard evaluation. The 2011 edition also added new definitions differentiating the levels of deficiency for determining the priority of repair.

The 2014 edition of NFPA 25 had many significant changes with many specific to the chapter on fire pumps. The operating test requirements were rewritten to consider a baseline weekly test for all pumps, with a series of exceptions that would allow for a modified testing frequency. New language was added to address confirmation of pressure recordings and a new fuel quality test for diesel-driven pumps.

Definitions were added for the various frequencies of inspection, testing, and maintenance tasks to create a “window” for completion of the tasks. The concept of internal inspection was modified to an internal assessment concept, in which a performance-based assessment frequency is explicitly addressed. The scope of the Technical Committee on Inspection, Testing, and Water-Based Systems was updated to address water mist systems specifically. The water mist system was modified such that the extract tags from NFPA 750 were removed because the material in the relevant chapter is now in the jurisdiction of NFPA 25.

A new chapter was added to address NFPA 13D, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes, systems that are installed outside of one- and two-family homes. The requirements for inspecting antifreeze systems were updated to include the latest information from the Fire Protection Research Foundation testing on standard spray sprinklers. The table providing examples of classifications for deficiencies and impairments was relocated from Annex E to Annex A and attached to the definition of deficiency.

For the 2017 edition, new fire pump terms were defined to align with NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection. Criteria were added to Chapter 4 on automated inspections and testing. Residential sprinkler replacement requirements were added to address sprinklers that are no longer available. New requirements were added regarding missing escutcheons or, if listed, escutcheons that are no longer available. ITM tables were updated throughout the chapters, and new no-flow test requirements for fire pumps were added. Chapter 13 added new requirements for the inspection, testing, and maintenance of waterflow alarm devices; separated and added new requirements for the inspection, testing, and maintenance of preaction and deluge valves; and added criteria for air compressors. As of this edition, it contains all the general pressure gauge criteria. Additionally, two new annexes were added: one on connectivity and data collection and another on color-coded tagging programs.

In the 2020 edition, the term electrically operated sprinklers, which is a new technology, has been defined, and inspection, testing, and maintenance requirements have been added. Requirements addressing recalled sprinklers has been added to Chapter 4, and a section on dry hydrants has been added to Chapter 7. Dry sprinkler test requirements have been modified from 10 years to 15 years, and additional clarifications to the automated testing requirements for waterflow alarm devices have been made. Chapter 8 clarifies, for safety reasons, that energized pump controllers should not be opened and introduces the concept of an isolating switch in a separate compartment as part of the pump controller. Fire pump annual flow test and evaluation requirements of the test have been revised. Several new requirements have been added to Chapter 12 regarding water mist systems.

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COMMITTEE PERSONNEL 25-3

Technical Committee on Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Systems

William E. Koffel, Chair Koffel Associates, Inc., MD [SE]

Niels Henrik Abrahamsen, Vid Fire-Kill, Denmark [M] Rep. International Water Mist Association

Gary S. Andress, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, MA [I] Kerry M. Bell, UL LLC, IL [RT] Michael J. Bosma, The Viking Corporation, MI [M]

Rep. National Fire Sprinkler Association Bruce H. Clarke, American International Group, Inc. (AIG), SC [I] David A. Dagenais, Partners/Wentworth-Douglass Hospital, NH [U]

Rep. NFPA Health Care Section Matthew G. Drysdale, The DuPont Company, Inc., DE [U]

Rep. NFPA Industrial Fire Protection Section Timothy S. Fox, Viking Fire Protection, Canada [IM]

Rep. Canadian Automatic Sprinkler Association David W. Frable, U.S. General Services Administration, IL [U] Christina F. Francis, The Procter & Gamble Company, AL [M] David B. Fuller, FM Approvals, RI [I] Greg Garber, Pittsburg Tank & Tower Inc., VA [M] Donald Hopkins, Jr., JENSEN HUGHES, MD [SE] Mark Hopkins, National Fire Sprinkler Association, MD [IM]

Rep. National Fire Sprinkler Association Larry Keeping, PLC Fire Safety Solutions, Canada [SE] Charles W. Ketner, National Automatic Sprinkler Fitters LU 669, MD [L]

Rep. United Assn. of Journeymen & Apprentices of the Plumbing & Pipe Fitting Industry

John Lake, City of Gainesville, FL [E] Peter A. Larrimer, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, PA [U] Russell B. Leavitt, Telgian Corporation, AZ [U]

Rep. The Home Depot Kenneth W. Linder, Swiss Re, CT [I] Brock Mitchell, Extended Stay Hotels, NC [U] John D. Munno, Arthur J. Gallagher Risk Management Services, Inc., OK [U]

Rep. Edison Electric Institute Top Myers, Myers Risk Services, Inc., FL [SE] Scott Newman, Walgreens, IL [U] Clayton Norred, Jr., Norred Fire Systems, LLC, LA [IM]

Rep. National Association of Fire Equipment Distributors Erik G. Olsen, Chubb Limited, NJ [I] Richard M. Ray, Cybor Fire Protection Company, IL [IM]

Rep. Illinois Fire Prevention Association John F. Saidi, USDOE Stanford Site Office, CA [U] Gregory R. Stein, Tank Industry Consultants, IN [SE] Darrell W. Underwood, Underwood Fire Equipment, Inc., MI [IM] Terry L. Victor, Johnson Controls, MD [M] John Whitney, Clarke Fire Protection Products, Inc., OH [M] Jason R. Williams, American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA), TX

[IM]

Rep. American Fire Sprinkler Association

Alternates

Erik H. Anderson, Koffel Associates, Inc., MD [SE] (Alt. to William E. Koffel)

Gabriel Arroyo, American International Group, Inc (AIG), TX [I] (Alt. to Bruce H. Clarke)

David R. Baron, Global Fire Protection Company, IL [IM] (Alt. to Richard M. Ray)

Tracey D. Bellamy, Telgian Corporation, GA [U] (Alt. to Russell B. Leavitt)

Patrick Jon Brown, Tank Industry Consultants, IN [SE] (Alt. to Gregory R. Stein)

Howard G. Clay, VSC Fire & Security, Inc., VA [IM] (Alt. to Jason R. Williams)

Aaron Terrance Dickens, Delta Fire Systems, UT [IM] (Alt. to Clayton Norred, Jr.)

John DiGirolomo, St. Barnabas Hospital, NY [U] (Alt. to David A. Dagenais)

John A. Donner, Dominion Energy, VA [U] (Alt. to John D. Munno)

Russell P. Fleming, Northeast Fire Suppression Associates, LLC, NH

[SE]

(Alt. to Larry Keeping) Brandon W. Frakes, AXA XL/Global Asset Protection Services, LLC, NC [I]

(Alt. to Kenneth W. Linder) Jeff Hebenstreit, UL LLC, IL [RT]

(Alt. to Kerry M. Bell) Stephen M. Jaskolka, The DuPont Company, Inc., DE [U]

(Alt. to Matthew G. Drysdale)

Wilton Marburger, Risk Suppression Partners, PA [SE] (Alt. to Top Myers)

Gayle Pennel, JENSEN HUGHES, IL [SE] (Alt. to Donald Hopkins, Jr.)

Damon T. Pietraz, Underwood Fire Equipment, Inc., MI [IM] (Alt. to Darrell W. Underwood)

Charles David Raborn, Cape Coral Fire Department, FL [E] (Alt. to John Lake)

Todd M. Roeder, U.S. General Services Administration, IN [U] (Alt. to David W. Frable)

Jason W. Ryckman, Canadian Automatic Sprinkler Association, Canada [IM]

(Alt. to Timothy S. Fox) Timothy Dwain Schmidle, Liberty Mutual Group Prop, OH [I]

(Alt. to Gary S. Andress) Michael J. Spaziani, FM Global, MA [I]

(Alt. to David B. Fuller) George W. Stanley, Wiginton Fire Protection Engineering, Inc., FL

[IM]

(Alt. to Mark Hopkins) Jeffrey James Vanrhyn, Local 669 JATC, NV [L]

(Alt. to Charles W. Ketner) Cary Webber, Reliable Automatic Sprinkler, SC [M]

(Alt. to Michael J. Bosma) John T. Whitney, III, Clarke Fire Protection Products, Inc., OH [M]

(Alt. to John Whitney) Roger S. Wilkins, Johnson Controls, RI [M]

(Alt. to Terry L. Victor)

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INSPECTION, TESTING, AND MAINTENANCE OF WATER-BASED FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS25-4

Nonvoting

Cecil Bilbo, Jr., Academy of Fire Sprinkler Technology, Inc., IL [SE] Robert G. Caputo, Fire & Life Safety America, AZ [IM]

Rep. TC on Sprinkler System Installation Criteria

Rohit Khanna, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, MD [C] Rep. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

Thomas F. Norton, Norel Service Company, Inc., MA [IM]

Chad Duffy, NFPA Staff Liaison

This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition.

Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or any document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on inspection, testing, and maintenance of systems utilizing water as a method of extinguishment. These include sprinkler systems (excluding sprinkler systems installed in one-and two-family dwellings and manufactured homes), standpipe and hose systems, fire service piping and appurtenances, fire pumps, water storage tanks, fixed water spray systems, water mist systems, foam-water systems, valves, and allied equipment. This Committee shall also develop procedures for the conduct and reporting of routine system impairments.

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CONTENTS 25-5

Contents

Chapter 1 Administration ................................................ 25– 7

1.1 Scope. ....................................................................... 25– 7

1.2 Purpose. ................................................................... 25– 7

1.3 Application. ............................................................. 25– 7

1.4 Units. ........................................................................ 25– 7

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications ................................ 25– 8

2.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 8

2.2 NFPA Publications. ................................................. 25– 8

2.3 Other Publications. ................................................. 25– 8

2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections. ... 25– 8

Chapter 3 Definitions ...................................................... 25– 8

3.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 8

3.2 NFPA Official Definitions. ...................................... 25– 8

3.3 General Definitions. ................................................ 25– 9

3.4 Deluge Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water

Spray Systems Definitions. ...................................... 25– 12

3.5 Valve Definitions. .................................................... 25– 12

3.6 Water-Based Fire Protection System Definitions. .. 25– 12

3.7 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance (ITM)

Task Frequencies. .................................................... 25– 13

Chapter 4 General Requirements ................................... 25– 14

4.1 Responsibility of Property Owner or Designated

Representative. ........................................................ 25– 14

4.2 Manufacturer's Corrective Action. ......................... 25– 15

4.3 Records. ................................................................... 25– 15

4.4 Water Supply Status. ............................................... 25– 15

4.5 Inspection. ............................................................... 25– 15

4.6 Testing. ..................................................................... 25– 15

4.7 Performance-Based Compliance Programs. .......... 25– 16

4.8 Maintenance. ........................................................... 25– 16

4.9 Safety. ....................................................................... 25– 16

Chapter 5 Sprinkler Systems ........................................... 25– 16

5.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 16

5.2 Inspection. ............................................................... 25– 18

5.3 Testing. ..................................................................... 25– 19

5.4 Maintenance. ........................................................... 25– 20

5.5 Component Action Requirements. ........................ 25– 21

Chapter 6 Standpipe and Hose Systems ......................... 25– 22

6.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 22

6.2 Inspection. ............................................................... 25– 23

6.3 Testing. ..................................................................... 25– 24

6.4 Maintenance. ........................................................... 25– 25

6.5 Component Action Requirements. ........................ 25– 25

Chapter 7 Private Fire Service Mains ............................. 25– 26

7.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 26

7.2 Inspection and Corrective Action. ......................... 25– 26

7.3 Testing. ..................................................................... 25– 27

7.4 Maintenance. ........................................................... 25– 28

7.5 Component Action Requirements. ........................ 25– 28

Chapter 8 Fire Pumps ...................................................... 25– 29

8.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 29

8.2 Inspection. ............................................................... 25– 31

8.3 Testing. ..................................................................... 25– 31

8.4 Reports. .................................................................... 25– 36

8.5 Maintenance. ........................................................... 25– 36

8.6 Component Replacement Testing Requirements. 25– 36

Chapter 9 Water Storage Tanks ....................................... 25– 38

9.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 38

9.2 Inspection. ............................................................... 25– 38

9.3 Testing. ..................................................................... 25– 40

9.4 Maintenance. ........................................................... 25– 40

9.5 Automatic Tank Fill Valves. .................................... 25– 41

9.6 Component Action Requirements. ........................ 25– 41

Chapter 10 Water Spray Fixed Systems ............................ 25– 42

10.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 42

10.2 Inspection and Maintenance Procedures. ............. 25– 42

10.3 Operational Tests. ................................................... 25– 44

10.4 Ultra-High-Speed Water Spray System (UHSWSS)

Operational Tests. ................................................... 25– 45

10.5 Component Action Requirements. ........................ 25– 45

Chapter 11 Foam-Water Sprinkler Systems ...................... 25– 46

11.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 46

11.2 Inspection. ............................................................... 25– 46

11.3 Operational Tests. ................................................... 25– 48

11.4 Maintenance. ........................................................... 25– 49

11.5 Component Action Requirements. ........................ 25– 50

Chapter 12 Water Mist Systems ......................................... 25– 51

12.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 51

12.2 Inspection. ............................................................... 25– 51

12.3 Testing. ..................................................................... 25– 54

12.4 Maintenance. ........................................................... 25– 56

12.5 Training. .................................................................. 25– 57

Chapter 13 Common Components and Valves ................ 25– 57

13.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 57

13.2 General Provisions. ................................................. 25– 57

13.3 Control Valves in Water-Based Fire Protection

Systems. .................................................................... 25– 60

13.4 System Valves. .......................................................... 25– 61

13.5 Pressure-Reducing Valves and Relief Valves. ......... 25– 64

13.6 Hose Valves. ............................................................. 25– 65

13.7 Backflow Prevention Assemblies. ........................... 25– 65

13.8 Fire Department Connections. .............................. 25– 65

13.9 Automatic Detection Equipment. .......................... 25– 65

13.10 Air Compressors and Nitrogen Generators. .......... 25– 66

13.11 Component Testing Requirements. ....................... 25– 66

Chapter 14 Internal Piping Condition and Obstruction Investigation ................................................... 25– 68

14.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 68

14.2 Assessment of Internal Condition of Piping. ........ 25– 68

14.3 Obstruction Investigation and Prevention. ........... 25– 69

14.4 Ice Obstruction. ...................................................... 25– 69

Chapter 15 Impairments ................................................... 25– 69

15.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 69

15.2 Impairment Coordinator. ....................................... 25– 69

15.3 Tag Impairment System. ......................................... 25– 69

15.4 Impaired Equipment. ............................................. 25– 69

15.5 Preplanned Impairment Programs. ....................... 25– 70

15.6 Emergency Impairments. ....................................... 25– 70

15.7 Restoring Systems to Service. ................................. 25– 70

Chapter 16 Special Requirements from Other NFPA Documents ...................................................... 25– 70

16.1 General. ................................................................... 25– 70

16.2 Small Residential Board and Care Occupancies. .. 25– 70

Annex A Explanatory Material ...................................... 25– 70

Annex B Forms and Reports for Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance ............................................ 25– 129

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INSPECTION, TESTING, AND MAINTENANCE OF WATER-BASED FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS25-6

Annex C Possible Causes of Pump Troubles ............... 25– 131

Annex D Obstruction Investigation .............................. 25– 134

Annex E Hazard Evaluation Form ................................ 25– 141

Annex F Connectivity and Data Collection .................. 25– 146

Annex G Color-Coded Tagging Program ..................... 25– 170

Annex H Informational References ............................. 25– 172

Index ......................................................................... 25– 175

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ADMINISTRATION 25-7

Shaded text = Revisions. Δ = Text deletions and figure/table revisions. • = Section deletions. N = New material. 2020 Edition

NFPA 25

Standard for the

Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water- Based Fire Protection Systems

2020 Edition

IMPORTANT NOTE: This NFPA document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning NFPA Standards.” They can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers or obtained on request from NFPA.

UPDATES, ALERTS, AND FUTURE EDITIONS: New editions of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (i.e., NFPA Standards) are released on scheduled revision cycles. This edition may be superseded by a later one, or it may be amended outside of its scheduled revision cycle through the issuance of Tenta‐ tive Interim Amendments (TIAs). An official NFPA Standard at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document, together with all TIAs and Errata in effect. To verify that this document is the current edition or to determine if it has been amended by TIAs or Errata, please consult the National Fire Codes® Subscription Service or the “List of NFPA Codes & Standards” at www.nfpa.org/docinfo.

In addition to TIAs and Errata, the document information pages also include the option to sign up for alerts for individual documents and to be involved in the development of the next edition.

NOTICE: An asterisk (*) following the number or letter designating a paragraph indicates that explanatory material on the paragraph can be found in Annex A.

A reference in brackets [ ] following a section or paragraph indicates material that has been extracted from another NFPA document. Extracted text may be edited for consistency and style and may include the revision of internal paragraph refer‐ ences and other references as appropriate. Requests for inter‐ pretations or revisions of extracted text shall be sent to the technical committee responsible for the source document.

Information on referenced and extracted publications can be found in Chapter 2 and Annex H.

Chapter 1 Administration

1.1 Scope. This document establishes the minimum require‐

ments for the periodic inspection, testing, and maintenance of water-based fire protection systems and the actions to under‐ take when changes in occupancy, use, process, materials, hazard, or water supply that potentially impact the perform‐ ance of the water-based system are planned or identified.

Δ 1.1.1 Coordination with NFPA 72 Testing Requirements.

1.1.1.1 The inspection, testing, and maintenance required by

this standard and NFPA 72 shall be coordinated so that the system operates as intended.

1.1.1.2* All inspections, testing, and maintenance required by NFPA 72 shall conform to NFPA 72 , and all inspections, testing, and maintenance required by this standard shall conform to this standard.

N 1.1.1.3 This standard does not address all of the inspection, testing, and maintenance of the electrical components of the automatic fire detection equipment used to activate preaction and deluge systems that are addressed by NFPA 72.

1.1.2 Types of Systems.

1.1.2.1 The types of systems addressed by this standard

include, but are not limited to, sprinkler, standpipe and hose, fixed water spray, private fire hydrants, water mist, and foam water.

1.1.2.2 Water supplies that are part of these systems, such as private fire service mains and appurtenances, fire pumps and water storage tanks, and valves that control system flow, are also included in this standard.

1.1.3* This standard addresses the operating condition of fire protection systems as well as impairment handling and report‐ ing and applies to fire protection systems that have been prop‐ erly installed in accordance with generally accepted practice.

1.1.3.1* This standard does not require the inspector to verify the adequacy of the design of the system.

1.1.4* Corrective action needed to ensure that a system oper‐ ates in a satisfactory manner shall be in accordance with this standard unless this standard specifically refers to an appropri‐ ate installation standard.

1.1.5 Unless required by Chapter 16, this standard shall not

apply to sprinkler systems designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with NFPA 13D.

1.2* Purpose.

1.2.1 The purpose of this document is to provide require‐

ments that ensure a reasonable degree of protection for life and property from fire through minimum inspection, testing, and maintenance methods for water-based fire protection systems.

1.2.2 In those cases where it is determined that an existing

situation involves a distinct hazard to life or property, the authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted to require inspection, testing, and maintenance methods in excess of those required by the standard.

1.3* Application.

1.3.1 It is not the intent of this standard to limit or restrict the use of other inspection, testing, or maintenance programs that provide an equivalent level of system integrity and perform‐ ance to that detailed in this standard.

1.3.2 The authority having jurisdiction shall be consulted and approval obtained for such alternative programs.

1.4* Units. Metric units of measurement in this standard are in accordance with the modernized metric system known as the International System of Units (SI).

1.4.1 If a value for measurement as given in this standard is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated shall be regarded as the requirement. A given equivalent value shall be considered to be approximate.

1.4.2 SI units have been converted by multiplying the quantity by the conversion factor and then rounding the result to the appropriate number of significant digits. Where nominal or trade sizes exist, the nominal dimension has been recognized in each unit.

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INSPECTION, TESTING, AND MAINTENANCE OF WATER-BASED FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS25-8

2020 Edition Shaded text = Revisions. Δ = Text deletions and figure/table revisions. • = Section deletions. N = New material.

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications

2.1 General. The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this standard and shall be considered part of the requirements of this document.

Δ 2.2 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471.

NFPA 11, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, 2016 edition.

NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 13D, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes, 2019 edition.

NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 15, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protec‐ tion, 2017 edition.

NFPA 16, Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection, 2019 edition.

NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection, 2018 edition.

NFPA 24, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances, 2019 edition.

NFPA70E®, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace®, 2018 edition.

NFPA 72®, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code®, 2019 edition.

NFPA 101®, Life Safety Code®, 2018 edition.

NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 307, Standard for the Construction and Fire Protection of

Marine Terminals, Piers, and Wharves, 2016 edition.

NFPA 409, Standard on Aircraft Hangars, 2016 edition.

NFPA 750, Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 1962, Standard for the Care, Use, Inspection, Service Test‐ ing, and Replacement of Fire Hose, Couplings, Nozzles, and Fire Hose Appliances, 2018 edition.

2.3 Other Publications.

2.3.1 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr

Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.

ASTM D975, Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils, 2015.

ASTM D3359, Standard Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test, 2017.

ASTM D6751, Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels, 2015ce1.

ASTM D7462, Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel (B100) and Blends of Biodiesel with Middle Distillate Petro‐ leum Fuel (Accelerated Method), 2011.

N 2.3.2 CGA Publications. Compressed Gas Association, 14501 George Carter Way, Suite 103, Chantilly, VA 20151.

CGA C-6, Standard for Visual Inspection of Steel Compressed Gas Cylinders, 2013.

2.3.3 HI Publications. Hydraulic Institute, 6 Campus Drive, First Floor North, Parsippany, NJ 07054-4405.

HI 3.6, Rotary Pump Tests, 2016.

2.3.4 Other Publications.

Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam- Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003.

Δ 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.

NFPA 11, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, 2016 edition.

NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 15, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protec‐ tion, 2017 edition.

NFPA 16, Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection, 2019 edition.

NFPA 24, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances, 2019 edition.

NFPA 72®, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code®, 2019 edition.

NFPA 96, Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations, 2017 edition.

NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 750, Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 820, Standard for Fire Protection in Wastewater Treatment and Collection Facilities, 2020 edition.

NFPA 1141, Standard for Fire Protection Infrastructure for Land Development in Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2017 edition.

NFPA 1142, Standard on Water Supplies for Suburban and Rural Fire Fighting, 2017 edition.

NFPA 1911, Standard for the Inspection, Maintenance, Testing, and Retirement of In-Service Emergency Vehicles, 2017 edition.

Chapter 3 Definitions

3.1 General. The definitions contained in this chapter shall

apply to the terms used in this standard. Where terms are not defined in this chapter or within another chapter, they shall be defined using their ordinarily accepted meanings within the context in which they are used. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, shall be the source for the ordinarily accepted meaning.

3.2 NFPA Official Definitions.

3.2.1* Approved. Acceptable to the authority having jurisdic‐ tion.

3.2.2* Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.

3.2.3* Listed. Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of

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DEFINITIONS 25-9

Shaded text = Revisions. Δ = Text deletions and figure/table revisions. • = Section deletions. N = New material. 2020 Edition products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evalua‐ tion of services, and whose listing states that either the equip‐ ment, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.

3.2.4 Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement.

3.2.5 Should. Indicates a recommendation or that which is

advised but not required.

3.2.6 Standard. An NFPA Standard, the main text of which

contains only mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indicate requirements and that is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisions are not to be considered a part of the requirements of a standard and shall be located in an appendix, annex, footnote, informational note, or other means as permitted in the NFPA Manuals of Style. When used in a generic sense, such as in the phrase “standards development process” or “standards development activities,” the term “standards” includes all NFPA Standards, including Codes, Standards, Recommended Practices, and Guides.

3.3 General Definitions.

3.3.1 Adjust. To maintain or regulate, within prescribed

limits, by setting the operating characteristics to specified parameters. [1911, 2017]

3.3.2* Alarm Receiving Facility. The place where alarm or supervisory signals are received.

N 3.3.3 Automated Inspection and Testing. The performance of inspections and tests at a distant location from the system or component being inspected or tested through the use of elec‐ tronic devices or equipment installed for the purpose.

3.3.4* Automatic Detection Equipment. Equipment that auto‐ matically detects heat, flame, products of combustion, flamma‐ ble gases, or other conditions likely to produce fire or explosion and cause other automatic actuation of alarm and protection equipment.

3.3.5* Automatic Operation. Operation without human inter‐ vention.

3.3.6 Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). Self-acting equipment

for transferring the connected load from one power source to another power source. [110, 2019]

3.3.7 Clean. To remove dirt, scale, and debris.

3.3.8* Deficiency. For the purposes of inspection, testing, and maintenance of water-based fire protection systems, a condition that will or has the potential to adversely impact the perform‐ ance of a system or portion thereof but does not rise to the level of an impairment.

3.3.8.1 Critical Deficiency. A deficiency that, if not correc‐ ted, can have a material effect on the ability of the fire protection system or unit to function as intended in a fire event.

3.3.8.2 Noncritical Deficiency. A deficiency that does not

have a material effect on the ability of the fire protection system or unit to function in a fire event, but correction is needed to meet the requirements of this standard or for the proper inspection, testing, and maintenance of the system or unit.

3.3.9 Discharge Device. A device designed to discharge water

or foam-water solution in a predetermined, fixed, or adjustable pattern.