12a. Naval Ships Technical Manual 077.pdf

NAVAL SHIPS’ TECHNICAL MANUAL

CHAPTER 077

PERSONNEL PROTECTION

EQUIPMENT

THIS CHAPTER SUPERSEDES CHAPTER 077 REVISION 4 DATED 30 MAY 2002.

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT C: DISTRIBUTION AUTHORIZED TO U.S. GOVERNMENT

AGENCIES AND THEIR CONTRACTORS; ADMINISTRATIVE AND OPERATIONAL USE

(15 APRIL 1977). OTHER REQUESTS FOR THIS DOCUMENT WILL BE REFERRED TO

THE NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND (SEA-56Z11).

DESTRUCTION NOTICE: DESTROY BY ANY METHOD THAT WILL PREVENT DISCLO-

SURE OF CONTENTS OR RECONSTRUCTION OF THE DOCUMENT.

S9086-CL-STM-010/CH-077R5

REVISION 5

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PUBLISHED BY DIRECTION OF COMMANDER, NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND.

30 JUL 2003

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REVISION RECORD

REVISION

NO. DATE TITLE AND/OR BRIEF DESCRIPTION/PREPARING ACTIVITY

5 JULY 30, 2003 PARAGRAPH(S)077-3.4.3, 077-3.4.4.1AND 077-3.5.1

TABLE(S) 077-3.4.2

TMDERS/ACNS INCORPORATED:

N00024-03-LW02

S9086-CL-STM-010/CH-077R5

REVISION RECORD-1 / (REVISION RECORD-2 Blank)

REVISION RECORD-2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter/Paragraph Page

077 PERSONNEL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-1

SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-1

077-1.1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-1

SECTION 2. LIFE PRESERVERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-2

077-2.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-2

077-2.2 INHERENTLY BUOYANT LIFE PRESERVERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-3 077-2.2.1 TYPES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-3 077-2.2.2 VEST TYPE WITH COLLAR, TYPE 1.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-4

077-2.2.2.1 Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-4 077-2.2.2.2 Donning and Adjusting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-4 077-2.2.2.3 Instructions for Use.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-7 077-2.2.2.4 Modification for Safety Harness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-7

077-2.2.3 VEST WORK TYPE.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-8 077-2.2.4 YOKE TYPE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-8

077-2.2.4.1 Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-8 077-2.2.4.2 Donning and Adjusting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-8 077-2.2.4.3 Removing the Life Preserver.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-8

077-2.2.5 FLOTATION MATERIALS FOR INHERENTLY BUOYANT LIFE

PRESERVERS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-13

077-2.2.5.1 Fibrous Glass Filling.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-13 077-2.2.5.2 Plastic Foam Filling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-13 077-2.2.5.3 Closed Cell PVC Foam.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-14

077-2.2.6 STOWAGE OF INHERENTLY BUOYANT LIFE PRESERVERS.. . . . . . 77-14

077-2.2.7 MAINTENANCE OF INHERENTLY BUOYANT LIFE PRESERVERS. . . 77-14

077-2.3 INFLATABLE LIFE PRESERVERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-14 077-2.3.1 TYPES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-14 077-2.3.2 MK 1 VEST TYPE.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-14

077-2.3.2.1 Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-17 077-2.3.2.2 Donning and Adjusting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-18 077-2.3.2.3 Instructions for Use.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-19 077-2.3.2.4 Removing the Life Preserver.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-20 077-2.3.2.5 Modification of Hook and Pile Tape for Securing Bladder to

Cover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-20 077-2.3.3 ABANDON-SHIP TYPE WITH POUCH (LPP-1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-20

077-2.3.3.1 Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-20 077-2.3.3.2 Donning and Adjusting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-23 077-2.3.3.3 Instructions for Use.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-23 077-2.3.3.4 Removing the Life Preserver.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-26

077-2.3.4 AUTO-INFLATABLE UTILITY LIFE PRESERVER (AIULP). . . . . . . . 77-27

077-2.3.4.1 Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-27 i

TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued

077-2.3.5 STOWAGE OF INFLATABLE LIFE PRESERVERS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-27

077-2.3.6 MAINTENANCE OF INFLATABLE LIFE PRESERVERS. . . . . . . . . . 77-27

077-2.4 GENERAL COMMENTS - ALL LIFE PRESERVERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-28 077-2.4.1 PRECAUTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-28 077-2.4.2 ABANDON-SHIP PROCEDURE.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-29

077-2.5 LIFE PRESERVER ACCESSORIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-29 077-2.5.1 TYPES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-29 077-2.5.2 DISTRESS MARKER LIGHTS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-30

077-2.5.2.1 Distress Marker Light Location.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-30 077-2.5.2.3 Distress Marker Light Attachment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-30 077-2.5.2.4 Operating Instructions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-30 077-2.5.2.5 Maintenance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-30

077-2.5.3 CHEMICAL LIGHTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-30 077-2.5.3.1 Chemical Light Sticks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-30 077-2.5.3.2 Personnel Marker Lights (PML).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-31 077-2.5.3.3 Stowage of Chemical Lights.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-31 077-2.5.3.4 Maintenance of Chemical Lights.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-31

077-2.5.4 WHISTLES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-31 077-2.5.4.1 Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-31 077-2.5.4.2 Maintenance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-32

077-2.5.5 REFLECTIVE TAPE.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-32

077-2.6 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-33 077-2.6.1 TYPES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-33

077-2.6.2 INHERENTLY BUOYANT RING BUOYS AND RING BUOYS WITH

LIGHTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-36 077-2.6.2.1 Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-36 077-2.6.2.2 Ring Buoy with Light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-36 077-2.6.2.3 Stowage of Ring Buoys.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-36 077-2.6.2.4 Maintenance of Ring Buoys.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-37 077-2.6.2.5 Battery Replacement.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-38

077-2.6.3 INFLATABLE RING BUOYS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-38 077-2.6.3.1 Operating Instructions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-38 077-2.6.3.2 Stowage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-38 077-2.6.3.3 Maintenance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-38

SECTION 3. BREATHING APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-39

077-3.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-39

077-3.2 SELF -CONT AINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-40 077-3.2.1 OVERVIEW.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-40 077-3.2.2 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-41 077-3.2.3 DESCRIPTION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-41 077-3.2.4 KEY SCBA COMPONENTS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-45 ii

077-3.2.4.1 Air Cylinder and Valve Assembly.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-45 077-3.2.4.2 Backpack and Harness Assembly.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-47 077-3.2.4.3 First-stage Regulator (Pressure Reducer).. . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-47 077-3.2.4.4 Second-stage Regulator (EZ-Flo Regulator). . . . . . . . . . . . 77-48 077-3.2.4.5 Facepiece. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-49

077-3.2.5 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-50 077-3.2.6 BREATHlNG AIR CHARGING SYSTEM (BACS).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-51 07-3.2.7 COMPRESSOR.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-51

077-3.2.8 TRAINING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-51 077-3.2.9 DONNING PROCEDURES.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-51

077-3.2.10 BREATHING AIR REPLENISHMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-52 077-3.2.11 DOFFING PROCEDURE.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-54

077-3.2.12 INSPECTION, CLEANING, STOWAGE, AND MAINTENANCE.. . . . . 77-55

077-3.2.13 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-55

077-3.3 OXYGEN BREATHING APPARATUS (OBA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-55 077-3.3.1 OVERVIEW.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-55 077-3.3.2 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-55 077-3.3.3 TRAINING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-55 077-3.3.4 DESCRIPTION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-56

077-3.3.4.1 Key OBA Components.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-57 077-3.3.4.2 Quick Starting Canister.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-57 077-3.3.4.3 Facepiece.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-57 077-3.3.4.4 Timing Device.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-57 077-3.3.4.5 Air Flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-57

077-3.3.5 DONNING AND ADJUSTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-58

077-3.3.6 PLACING OXYGEN BREATHING APPARATUS IN OPERATION.. . . . 77-63

077-3.3.6.1 Starting The OBA.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-63 077-3.3.6.2 Canister Removal.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-65 077-3.3.6.3 Canister Replacement.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-66

077-3.3.7 REMOVING OXYGEN BREATHING APPARATUS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-66

077-3.3.8 CANISTER DISPOSAL.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-67 077-3.3.9 PRECAUTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-68

077-3.3.9.1 Oxygen Breathing Apparatus Precautions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-69 077-3.3.9.2 Quick Start Canister Precautions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-70

077-3.3.10 STOWAGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-70

077-3.3.11 OXYGEN BREATHING APPARATUS CANISTER TRAINING KITS. . . . 77-71

077-3.3.11.1 General.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-71 077-3.3.11.2 Illustrated Views. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-71 077-3.3.11.3 Training Canister Kit Contents.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-71 077-3.3.11.4 Training Canister Chemicals.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-71 077-3.3.11.5 Chemical Monitoring.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-71 077-3.3.11.6 Oxygen Candle.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-71 077-3.3.11.7 Oxygen Generation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-72 077-3.3.11.8 Charging Instructions for Training Canister.. . . . . . . . . . . . 77-72 077-3.3.11.9 Starting the Training Canister.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-75

077-3.3.11.10 Stowage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-75 iii

077-3.3.11.11 Precautions for the Training Canister.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-75 077-3.3.11.12 Disposal.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-76

077-3.3.12 OXYGEN BREATHING APPARATUS MAINTENANCE.. . . . . . . . . . 77-76

077-3.4 EMERGENCY ESCAPE BREATHING DEVICE (EEBD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-76 077-3.4.1 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-77 077-3.4.2 QUANTITY AND LOCATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-77 077-3.4.3 OCENCO (M-20.2) EEBD UNIT.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-80 077-3.4.4 SCOTT AVIATION (P/N802300-14) EEBD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-81

077-3.4.5 EMERGENCY ESCAPE BREATHING DEVICE USE.. . . . . . . . . . . . 77-81

077-3.4.6 PRECAUTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-82 077-3.4.7 SHELF LIFE -OCENCO EEBD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-83

077-3.4.8 EMERGENCY ESCAPE BREATHING DEVICE MAINTENANCE.. . . . 77-84

077-3.4.9 INSPECTION OF EMERGENCY ESCAPE BREATHING DEVICE.. . . . 77-84

077-3.4.10 TRAINING EMERGENCY ESCAPE BREATHING DEVICE UNIT.. . . . 77-85

077-3.4.11 Ocenco EEBD Training Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-85 077-3.4.12 Maintenance of the Ocenco EEBD Trainer Unit.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-85 077-3.4.13 Repacking the Ocenco EEBD Training Unit.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-86 077-3.4.14 Scott Aviation EEBD Training Units.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-86

077-3.5 SUPPLEMENTARY EMERGENCY EGRESS DEVICE (SEED). . . . . . . . . . . 77-86

077-3.5.1 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-86 077-3.5.2 DESCRIPTION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-86 077-3.5.3 INSPECTION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-87 077-3.5.4 REFILL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-87 077-3.5.5 REPAIR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-88

077-3.5.6 FEDERAL REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO SEEDS.. . . . . . . . . . . 77-89

077-3.5.7 SEED RETEST.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-89 077-3.5.8 TRANSPORTATION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-89

077-3.5.9 REQUIRED MARKING FOR NEW SEED CYLINDERS.. . . . . . . . . . 77-89

077-3.5.10 REQUIRED MARKING FOR RETESTED SEED CYLINDERS.. . . . . . 77-89

077-3.5.11 SHIPBOARD MANAGEMENT.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-89 077-3.5.12 STOWAGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-89

077-3.6 EMERGENCY AIR BREATHING STATIONS AND AIR-LINE MASK . . . . . . . 77-89

077-3.6.1 OVERVIEW.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-89 077-3.6.2 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-90 077-3.6.3 TRAINING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-90 077-3.6.4 EMERGENCY AIR BREATHING STATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-90 077-3.6.5 AIR-LINE MASKS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-92

077-3.6.5.1 Air-Line Mask For Surface Ships.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-92 077-3.6.5.2 Air-Line Mask For Submarines.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-92 077-3.6.5.3 Air-Line Mask Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-92

077-3.6.6 DONNING AND ADJUSTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-92 077-3.6.7 OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-93

077-3.6.8 AIR-LINE MASK COMPRESSED AIR CYLINDERS.. . . . . . . . . . . . 77-94

077-3.6.9 GENERAL EAB STATION AND AIR-LINE MASK PRECAUTIONS. . . . 77-94

iv

077-3.6.9.1 Air-Line Hose.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-95 077-3.6.9.2 Air-Line Supply.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-95 077-3.6.9.3 Hose Precautions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-95 077-3.6.9.4 Contaminated Air.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-95 077-3.6.9.5 Additional Safety Precautions for Surface Ships.. . . . . . . . . 77-95 077-3.6.9.6 Additional Safety Precaution for Submarines.. . . . . . . . . . . 77-95

077-3.6.10 STOWAGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-96 077-3.6.11 MAINTENANCE OF AIR-LINE MASKS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-97

077-3.6.12 SUBMARINE EAB REGULATOR BELT CLIP MODIFICATION. . . . . . 77-97

077-3.7 SUPPLIED AIR RESPIRATOR WITH BACKUP SELF-CONTAINED

BREATHING APPARATUS (SAR/SCBA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-98

077-3.7.1 DESCRIPTION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-98 077-3.7.2 USE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-99

077-3.7.2.1 Applications and Restrictions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-99 077-3.7.2.2 Preparation of the SAR/SCBA for Use.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-99 077-3.7.2.3 Use of a Safety Line.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-101

077-3.7.3 DONNING AND ADJUSTING THE CARRY POUCH AND FACEPIECE

AND SUPPLYING BREATHING AIR TO THE FACEPIECE. . . . . . . 77-101

077-3.7.4 PRECAUTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-103 077-3.7.4.1 Carry Pouch Backup Air Supply.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-103 077-3.7.4.2 Primary Air Supply Pack.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-103

077-3.7.5 OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-104 077-3.7.5.1 Carry Pouch Backup Air Supply and Facepiece.. . . . . . . . . 77-104 077-3.7.5.2 Primary Air Supply Pack Operation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-104

077-3.7.6 INSPECTION, CLEANING, STOWAGE, AND MAINTENANCE.. . . . . 77-105

077-3.7.6.1 Facepiece and Carry Pouch Backup Air Supply Inspections. . . . 77-105 077-3.7.6.2 Primary Air Supply Pack Inspections.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-105 077-3.7.6.3 Reserve Air Supply Pack Inspections.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-106 077-3.7.6.4 Air Hose Inspections and Stowage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-106 077-3.7.6.5 Facepiece Cleaning and Stowage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-106 077-3.7.6.6 Primary Air Supply Pack Stowage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-107 077-3.7.6.7 Reserve Air Supply Pack Stowage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-107 077-3.7.6.8 Carry Pouch Backup Air Supply Maintenance.. . . . . . . . . . 77-107 077-3.7.6.9 Primary and Reserve Air Supply Pack Maintenance.. . . . . . . 77-108

077-3.8 SWITCHING BREATHING PROTECTION IN A CBR THREAT ENVIRONMENT

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-108

077-3.8.1 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-108

077-3.8.2 TO SWITCH FROM CBR PROTECTIVE MASK TO EEBD AND BACK

TO CBR PROTECTIVE MASK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-108

077-3.8.3 TO SWITCH FROM CBR PROTECTIVE MASK TO OBA.. . . . . . . . . 77-108

077-3.8.4 OBA CANISTER REPLACEMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-109

SECTION 4. FIREFIGHTING CLOTHING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-110

077-4.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-110 v

077-4.2 ALUMINIZED FIREFIGHTER PROXIMITY SUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-110 077-4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-110

077-4.2.2 REDUCTION OF HEAT STRESS FOR PROXIMITY SUIT.. . . . . . . . . 77-110

077-4.2.3 DONNING AND ADJUSTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-111 077-4.2.4 OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-111 077-4.2.5 STOWAGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-111 077-4.2.6 MAINTENANCE OF PROXIMITY SUITS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-111

077-4.3 FIREFIGHTER ENSEMBLE (FFE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-111 077-4.3.1 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-111 077-4.3.2 CONSTRUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-114

077-4.3.2.1 Firefighter’s Coveralls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-114 077-4.3.2.2 Firefighter’s Hood.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-114 077-4.3.2.3 Damage Control/Firefighter’s Helmet.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-115 077-4.3.2.4 Firefighter’s Gloves.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-115 077-4.3.2.5 Firefighter’s Boots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-115

077-4.3.3 REDUCTION OF HEAT STRESS FOR FIREFIGHTER ENSEMBLE. . . . 77-115

077-4.3.4 DONNING AND ADJUSTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-116 077-4.3.5 OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-117 077-4.3.6 STOWAGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-117

077-4.3.7 MAINTENANCE OF FIREFIGHTER ENSEMBLE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-118

SECTION 5. ANTI-FLASH AND STEAM CLOTHING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-120

077-5.1 ANTI-FLASH CLOTHING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-120 077-5.1.1 DESCRIPTION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-120 077-5.1.2 DONNING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-120

077-5.2 AIR-FED OVEN SUIT (STEAM SUIT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-120 077-5.2.1 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-120

077-5.2.1.1 Experience in Casualties.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-120 077-5.2.1.2 Ambient Steam Environment Tests.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-121

077-5.2.2 DESCRIPTION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-125 077-5.2.3 DONNING AND ADJUSTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-125 077-5.2.4 PRECAUTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-126 077-5.2.5 STOWAGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-126 077-5.2.6 MAINTENANCE OF THE STEAM SUIT.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-127

A Technical Manual Deficiency/Evaluation Report (TMDER) . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 vi

LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

070-1-1. REFERENCES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-1

077-2-1. LIFE PRESERVER REFERENCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-2

077-2-2. ACCESSORY EQUIPMENT ON LIFE PRESERVERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-3

077-2-3. DIMENSIONS OF INHERENTLY BUOYANT RING BUOY. . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-37

077-3-1. AUTHORIZED BREATHING DEVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-39

077-3-2. SHORT PROCEDURE FOR DONNING THE A-4 OBA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-66

077-3-3. REQUIRED NUMBER OF SPARE AIR CYLINDERS FOR NORMAL AIR

SUPPLY ASSUMING AIR CYLINDERS ARE CHARGED TO 4500 PSI . . . . 77-101

077-3-4. APPROXIMATE DURATION FOR ONE CYLINDER SUPPLYING AIR

ASSUMING CYLINDER IS CHARGED TO 4500 PSI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-105

vii

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Title Page

077-2-1. Inherently Buoyant Vest Type Life Preserver with Collar (MIL-SPEC Version) . . . 77-5

077-2-2. Securing Vest Type Life Preserver (MIL-SPEC Version). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-6

077-2-3. Vest Type Leg Strap Adjustment (MIL-SPEC Version). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-7

077-2-4. Vest Type Safety Harness Modification (MIL-SPEC Version). . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-9

077-2-5. Yoke Type Life Preserver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-10

077-2-6. Yoke Type Life Preserver, Arrangement of Neck Tie Straps, Waist and Crotch Strap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-11

077-2-7. Yoke Type Life Preserver, Quick-Disco nnect Studs and D-Rings. . . . . . . . . . . 77-12

077-2-8. Yoke Type Life Preserver, Final Donning Adjustment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-13

077-2-9. MK 1 Vest Type Life Preserver Cover (MIL-SPEC Version). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-16

077-2-10. Inflatable Bladder for MK 1 Vest Type Life Preserver (MIL-SPEC Version). . . . . 77-17

077-2-11. Abandon-Ship Type Life Preserver with Pouch (MIL-SPEC Version). . . . . . . . . 77-21

077-2-12. Abandon-Ship Type Life Preserver Lifting Harness (MIL-SPEC Version). . . . . . 77-22

077-2-13. Abandon-Ship Type Life Preserver Pouch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-24

077-2-14. Abandon-Ship Type Life Preserver Inflation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-25

077-2-15. Abandon-Ship Type Life Preserver, Oral Inflation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-26

077-2-16. Auto-Inflatable Utility Life Preserver (Not Inflated). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-28

077-2-17. Reflective Tape On Inherently Buoyant Life Preserver with Collar (MIL-SPEC Version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-34

077-2-18. Reflective Tape On Abandon-Ship Life Preserver with Pouch (MIL-SPEC Version) . 77-35

077-2-19. Inherently Buoyant Ring Buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-37

077-3-1. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-42

077-3-2. SCBA and Associated Air Charging Equipment, ABPA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-43

077-3-3. SCBA and Associated Air Charging Equipment, HPFA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-44

077-3-4. Diesel/Electric Air Compressor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-45

077-3-5. Navy Type A-4 Oxygen Breathing Apparatus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-56

077-3-6. Navy Type A-4 Oxygen Breathing Apparatus Air Flow Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . 77-58

077-3-7. Candle Cover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-62 viii

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - Continued

Figure Title Page

077-3-8. Testing Oxygen Breathing Apparatus for Leaks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-65

077-3-9. Exploded View of Training Canister Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-73

077-3-10. Detail of Training Canister Firing Mechanism Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-74

077-3-11. Emergency Escape Breathing Devices Fully Donned. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-79

077-3-12. Supplementary Emergency Egress Device (SEED) Without Mouthpiece Cover . . . 77-88

077-3-13. Air-Line Mask With Buddy Fitting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-91

077-3-14. Air-Line Mask Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-92

077-3-15. Air-Line Mask Regulator Clip Modification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-98

077-4-1. Firefighter Ensemble (FFE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-113

077-4-2. Firefighter Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-116

077-5-1. Anti-Flash Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-122

077-5-2. Air-Fed Oven Suit (Steam Suit). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-123

077-5-3. Harness Assembly with Air Supply System (Located inside Air Fed Oven Suit — Steam Suit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77-124 ix / (x Blank) x

CHAPTER 077

PERSONNEL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

SECTION 1.

INTRODUCTION

077-1.1 SCOPE

077-1.1.1 This chapter provides information for the use and care of the following groups of personnel protec-tion equipment:

a. Life preservers

b. Breathing apparatus and equipment

c. Firefighting clothing

d. Anti-flash and steam clothing

077-1.1.2 Specialized personnel protection equipment, for specific functions and materials, is covered in other NSTM chapters as indicated inTable 077-1-1.

Table 070-1-1. REFERENCES

Equipment NSTM Chapter

Welding 074, Volume 1 High pressure hydraulic oil 262 Chemical, biological, and radiological 470 and 070 Sewage handling 593 Oil spill cleanup 593 Asbestos handling 635 Chemical handling 631 and 670

077-1.1.3 Information presented in this chapter supersedes previous versions of this chapter and other previ-ously published instructions on how to don, wear, and care for personnel protection equipment. Information on when and how to employ personnel protection equipment is contained inNSTM Chapter 555, Volume 1, Sur-face Ship Firefighting; NSTM Chapter 555, Volume 2, Submarine Firefighting; NSTM Chapter 079, Vol-ume 2, Damage Control - Practical Damage Control; NSTM Chapter 074, Volume 3, Gas Free Engineer-ing ; Ship’s Damage Control Book; Type Commander Instructions; and Type Commander Repair Party Manual.

077-1.1.4 Nothing in this manual is intended to preclude the good judgment and common sense of the on-scene commander.

77-1

SECTION 2.

LIFE PRESERVERS

077-2.1 INTRODUCTION

077-2.1.1 This section covers the following life preservers used by the Navy:

a. Inherently buoyant life preservers -

1. Vest Type with Collar, Type I (also called the kapok life preserver)

2. Vest Work Type

3. Yoke Type (also called the assault life preserver)

b. Inflatable life preservers -

1. MK 1 Vest Type

2. Abandon-Ship Type with Pouch (LPP-1)

3. Auto-Inflatable Utility Life Preserver (AIULP)

077-2.1.2 Commercially available life preservers have been approved as alternatives to the existing MIL- SPEC versions of the MK-1, Inherently Buoyant Vest with Collar (Kapok), Inherently Buoyant Vest Work Type, and the abandon ship life preservers. The NSNs for these life preservers are shown on the applicable Allowance Equipage Lists. The existing MIL-SPEC life preservers are still adequate and users are not required to replace them. However, the existing MIL-SPEC life preservers are no longer in the supply system and users should order the commercial life preservers once the MIL-SPEC life preservers are no longer usable.

The intended purpose of each life preserver discussed in this section is summarized inTable 077-2-1.

Required accessories for each life preserver are listed inTable 077-2-2. Life preserver accessories are discussed, including directions for their use and care, starting in paragraph077-2.6.

Table 077-2-1. LIFE PRESERVER REFERENCE

Life Preserver Type Life Preserver Uses

Inherently Buoyant Vest Type with Collar, Type I

All shipboard evolutions EXCEPT:

1. Flight Deck operations

Inherently Buoyant Vest Work Type Work parties ashore and in protected waters Inherently Buoyant Yoke Type Troops (amphibious operations) Inflatable MK 1 Vest Type All shipboard evolutions EXCEPT:

1. Performance of hot work or other activity which may damage the life preserver

2. Personnel riding aircraft

Inflatable LPP-1 Abandon-Ship Type with Pouch (Orange) 1. General quarters

2. Abandon ship operations

3. Personnel riding aircraft

4. Troops (Amphibious Operations)

77-2

Table 077-2-1. LIFE PRESERVER REFERENCE - Continued

Life Preserver Type Life Preserver Uses

Auto-Inflatable Utility Life Preserver (AIULP), NAVSEA Technical Manual

SS710-AB-MMO-010

1. Personnel handling lines or other deck equipment during transfer between ships, fueling at sea (FAS), towing, boat hoisting or lowering, and heavy weather

2. Topside work parties

3. Underway replenishment work parties

4. Topside watch parties

5. Over-the-side work parties

Table 077-2-2. ACCESSORY EQUIPMENT ON LIFE PRESERVERS

Preserver Type Reflective Tape

Whistle See Note 1

Distress Marker Light

See Note 2 Toggle Line

(Buddy Line)

Inherently Buoyant Life Preservers:

Vest Type With Collar Type 1 Yes Yes Yes No Vest Work Type Yes No No No Yoke Type No No No No

Inflatable Life Preservers:

MK 1 Vest Type Yes Yes Yes

Note 3 No

Abandon-Ship Type (Orange)

Yes Yes Yes Yes See Note 4

Abandon-Ship Type (Gray)

No No No No

AIULP Yes Yes Yes Note 5

Yes Note 5

NOTES:

1. The MK 1 vest type life preserver and the AIULP use a flat whistle. The other life preservers use either the flat whistle or the plastic police-type whistle. Whistles shall be attached to life preservers by lanyards secured with a bow-line knot.

2. Personnel Marker Lights can be used in place of distress marker lights on life preservers requiring distress marker lights.

3. The MK 1 vest type life preserver is equipped with a SDU-5E, SDU-39, or FIREFLY 2 strobe type distress marker light.

4. A 48-inch toggle (buddy) line shall be tied to the life preserver belt with a bowline knot if a suitable toggle line is not supplied by the manufacturer.

5. See the AIULP technical manual (SS710-AB-MMO-010) for a description of its distress marker light.

077-2.2 INHERENTLY BUOYANT LIFE PRESERVERS

077-2.2.1 TYPES. The three types of inherently buoyant life preservers are:

a. Vest Type with Collar, Type I (also called the kapok life preserver)

b. Vest Work Type

c. Yoke Type (also called the assault life preserver)

77-3

077-2.2.1.1 Inherently buoyant life preservers use plastic foam or fibrous glass flotation pads to provide the required buoyancy. The pads are contained in a vest or yoke style cover. The materials for the flotation pads are described in paragraph077-2.2.5.

077-2.2.2 VEST TYPE WITH COLLAR, TYPE 1. The commercial version of this vest is a Coast Guard approved Type 1 life preserver. The commercial version has two straps for securing the life preserver, a hole for the safety harness D-ring, pockets for the distress marker light and whistle, and a velcro patch on the collar for attaching the distress marker light. It does not have leg straps, collar straps, or waist drawstrings. The MIL-SPEC version provides the wearer with approximately 30 pounds of buoyancy. Both life preservers are self righting and will keep an unconscious wearer’s head face up and out of the water while awaiting rescue. Paragraphs 077–2.2.2.1through077–2.2.2.4.1apply only to the MIL-SPEC inherently buoyant life preserver.

077-2.2.2.1 Construction. The MIL-SPEC inherently buoyant type I life preserver is illustrated inFigure 077-2-1with its major components and accessories identified. The vest type life preserver consists of a cotton cover which encloses removable plastic foam or fibrous glass flotation pads. There are four pads in the front sec-tions, one in the back, and one in the collar. The pads are removable through zipper openings to permit launder-ing of the cover.

077-2.2.2.1.1 Collar straps, upper front straps, and waist drawstrings are provided for securing the life pre-server. Adjustable leg straps are fitted on both sides of the life preserver to prevent it from riding up on the wearer when in the water. An adjustable chest strap is provided to secure the life preserver to the wearer when entering the water. This strap can also be attached to other survivors or to lifeboats to eliminate fatigue resulting from holding on by hand.

077-2.2.2.1.2 Reflective tape is sewn to the cover on the front, back, and collar. Details for attaching reflec-tive tape to the cover are discussed in paragraph077-2.5.5. Ship’s force shall stencil the ship’s name and hull number on the back of each life preserver in 2-inch high, black, block letters. A loop is provided on the left shoulder of the life preserver for attachment of the distress marker light or personnel marker light (PML) and the whistle lanyard. SeeFigure 077-2-1for placement of life preserver accessories.

077-2.2.2.2 Donning and Adjusting. Procedures for donning and adjusting the life preserver are as follows:

1. Ensure whistle and distress marker light or PML (or both) are on the life preserver.

WARNING

Always wear the life preserver leg straps to ensure life preserver provides proper flotation.

2. Straighten leg straps and pass them through the D-rings located on the bottom of life preserver. Fully extend straps.

3. Step through leg straps and bring life preserver up over shoulders. Ensure leg straps are not twisted.

4. Cross collar straps and pass them through the metal D-rings on the vest cover. When the life preserver is worn, the D-rings will be located near the throat. Pull the collar straps snugly through the D-rings, and secure them with a bow knot. This is illustrated inFigure 077-2-2.

77-4

5. Pull the upper front straps snugly and secure them with a bow knot, as shown inFigure 077-2-2. The upper front straps are located right below the D-rings. Do not pass these straps through the D-rings.

6. Pull the waist drawstrings tight and secure them with a bow knot, as shown inFigure 077-2-2.

7. Stow the whistle inside the life preserver.

8. Secure the chest strap, as shown inFigure 077-2-2. Ensure strap is not twisted and tighten strap.

9. Tighten leg straps, as shown inFigure 077-2-3.

Figure 077-2-1. Inherently Buoyant Vest Type Life Preserver with Collar (MIL-SPEC Version)

77-5

Figure 077-2-2. Securing Vest Type Life Preserver (MIL-SPEC Version)

77-6

077-2.2.2.3 Instructions for Use. For personnel safety, tuck all loose life preserver strap ends into pockets, shirt, or belt. After entering the water, the chest strap can be unbuckled and used to connect survivors to each other, lifeboats, or other flotation devices.

077-2.2.2.4 Modification for Safety Harness. A number of life preservers may be modified by ship’s force to permit use of a safety harness worn under the life preserver when the wearer is working over the side or in the weather during heavy seas. The modification consists of sewing a 3-3/4-inch long buttonhole into the back cover of the life preserver. This allows the safety harness D-ring to protrude through the life preserver. A safety line

Figure 077-2-3. Vest Type Leg Strap Adjustment (MIL-SPEC Version)

77-7 can then be attached to the D-ring. The life preserver safety harness modification is illustrated inFigure 077-2-4.

Stowing the modified life preserver and safety harness together is recommended.

077-2.2.2.4.1 Stitching shall conform to FED-STD-751 (Type 304) and shall be 14 to 20 stitches per inch.

Tack stitching at ends of the buttonhole with six to eight stitches in the tack. Use black thread conforming to FED SPEC V-T-276 (Type IB3, 4 ply, Ticket No. 16).

077-2.2.3 VEST WORK TYPE. The inherently buoyant, vest work type life preserver is used for shore activi-ties or activities in protected waters only and is not a shipboard allowance item, Stearns Inc. Model I222 is authorized for use in this application.

WARNING

The preserver is not self-righting and will not always keep an unconscious wearer’s head face up and out of the water while awaiting rescue. Do not use outside protected waters.

077-2.2.4 YOKE TYPE. The inherently buoyant yoke type life preserver is illustrated inFigure 077-2-5. This life preserver provides 50 pounds of buoyancy. The primary use of this type of life preserver is for pack carry-ing troops in amphibious operations. The life preserver is worn around the neck and can be removed with one hand without affecting the backpack.

077-2.2.4.1 Construction. There are two body sections and one collar flotation section which are filled with fibrous glass or plastic foam flotation pads. The life preserver is held in place by a combined waist and crotch strap designed for quick release. In addition, a quick-disconnect is provided between the left body section and the collar. This life preserver has no accessories.

077-2.2.4.2 Donning and Adjusting. The yoke type life preserver is donned and adjusted as follows:

1. Unbuckle the quick-disconnect studs. Fully extend and straighten the combined waist and crotch strap.

2. Place life preserver around the neck and bring down in front, as shown inFigure 077-2-5.

3. Secure the tie straps around the neck with a bow knot.Never tie a square knot . Neck tie straps are tied, as shown inFigure 077-2-6.

4. Pass combined waist and crotch strap through the legs from front to rear. Pass the strap around to front of the body and under the segment of strap stitched to life preserver. SeeFigure 077-2-6andFigure 077-2-7.

5. Attach the quick-disconnect studs (seeFigure 077-2-7) together.

6. Adjust the waist strap so that it is comfortable and snug. Tighten by pulling strap through D-ring, as shown in Figure 077-2-8.

077-2.2.4.3 Removing the Life Preserver. The inherently buoyant, yoke type life preserver can be removed using one hand as follows:

1. Pull waist strap quick-release D-ring, shown inFigure 077-2-8, allowing life preserver to come loose.

2. With left hand, grasp and pull collar quick-release snap studs. This allows the preserver to fall free from wearer.

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Figure 077-2-4. Vest Type Safety Harness Modification (MIL-SPEC Version)

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Figure 077-2-5. Yoke Type Life Preserver

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Figure 077-2-6. Yoke Type Life Preserver, Arrangement of Neck Tie Straps, Waist and Crotch Strap

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Figure 077-2-7. Yoke Type Life Preserver, Quick-Disco nnect Studs and D-Rings

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077-2.2.5 FLOTATION MATERIALS FOR INHERENTLY BUOYANT LIFE PRESERVERS. Fibrous glass, plastic foam or PVC Foam is used for filling inherently buoyant life preservers. These materials are described in the following paragraphs.

077-2.2.5.1 Fibrous Glass Filling. Fibrous glass is waterproofed to improve its natural buoyancy. Because this material is naturally mildew and fire resistant, it has replaced kapok. The fibrous glass is packed into cotton bags to form small pads. These pads are sealed in vinyl film envelopes to protect the fibrous glass and to prevent water penetrating air spaces around the fibrous glass.

077-2.2.5.2 Plastic Foam Filling. The plastic foam does not absorb water. It is also naturally mildew and fire resistant. The plastic foam is formed into pads which are inserted in the preserver cotton covers. All inherently buoyant vest type life preservers with collar (MIL-L-18045) are being procured with plastic foam filling.

Figure 077-2-8. Yoke Type Life Preserver, Final Donning Adjustment

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077-2.2.5.3 Closed Cell PVC Foam. The commercial version of the Inherently Buoyant life preservers use closed cell PVC foam.

077-2.2.6 STOWAGE OF INHERENTLY BUOYANT LIFE PRESERVERS. Prior to storage, dry and air out life preservers, then check for damage. Stow in a dry location out of direct sunlight and between 0° C (32° F) and 38° C (100° F). Heat, moisture, and light deteriorate the plastic, cloth, and thread materials used in the life preservers. A dry place is one where water or condensation does not come in contact with stowed preservers.

077-2.2.6.1 Exercise care to prevent damage caused by sharp edges when life preservers are stowed.

077-2.2.6.2 Ships transporting troops shall have the ship’s entire allowance of yoke type or abandon ship type preservers available for troops. Stow these preservers in ready-use lockers.

077-2.2.7 MAINTENANCE OF INHERENTLY BUOYANT LIFE PRESERVERS. Conduct regularly sched-uled maintenance of inherently buoyant life preservers and accessories in accordance with PMS requirements.

Immediately repair or replace damaged life preservers.

077-2.3 INFLATABLE LIFE PRESERVERS

077-2.3.1 TYPES. There are three types of inflatable life preservers used by general shipboard personnel. They are either inflated by carbon dioxide (CO2 ) cylinders or inflated orally by the use of an oral inflation tube. These life preservers are as follows:

a. MK 1 Vest Type

b. Abandon-Ship Type with Pouch

c. Auto-Inflatable Utility Life Preserver (AIULP)

077-2.3.1.1 Specialized inflatable life preservers are covered in other manuals, including:

a. Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA) MK 4 Type (Technical Manual SS-710-AA-MMO-

010/TM-LPSP/MK4)

b. Aviation Crew Systems Inflatable Survival Equipment (NAVAIR Technical Manual 13-1-6-1)

077-2.3.2 MK 1 VEST TYPE. The MK 1 vest type life preserver automatically inflates, provides a minimum of 24 pounds of buoyancy, and is self-righting. The design keeps an unconscious wearer’s head face up and out of the water while awaiting rescue. The commercial version of the vest has a flap, secured by velcro, covering the inflation assembly and oral inflation tube, and a velcro patch on the shoulder for non-flight deck personnel to attach the distress marder light. The MK-1 vests are provided in seven colors to identify the personnel’s func-tions. The color designations are as follows:

a. White - Phone talkers and medical corpsmen

b. Red - Ordnance men

c. Green - Catapult and arresting gear personnel

d. Blue - Plane pushers

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e. Brown - Plane captains and mechanics

f. Yellow - Flight deck officers and plane directors

g. Purple - Fuel handlers

For non-flight deck personnel, the color of the vest shall be chosen by ship’s force.

WARNING

MK 1 life preservers are not authorized for use on aircraft. When sub-merged in water, the automatic inflation assembly will actuate and an inflated preserver could trap the wearer aboard the aircraft. MK 1 life pre-servers with automatic inflation assemblies shall be labeled with a warning against its use on aircraft.

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Figure 077-2-9. MK 1 Vest Type Life Preserver Cover (MIL-SPEC Version)

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077-2.3.2.1 Construction. The MK 1, shown inFigure 077-2-9, consists of a cloth cover, an inflatable bladder, and an inflation assembly. The bladder is removable from the cover for cleaning and replacement of the cover or bladder.

077-2.3.2.1.1 The cloth cover is a sleeveless cardigan style vest. A compartment for the inflatable bladder is formed between the vest’s outer cover and lining. A 2-inch by 4-inch patch of loop fastener tape is attached to the left front portion of the compartment to help secure the bladder within the cover. (See paragraph077-2.3.2.5 for optional modification if size of tape is incorrect.) Two types of front closure are used: unidirectional snaps on older models and a zipper for newer models. Side buckle waist adjustment straps are used to snug the vest to the body.

NOTE

New covers with zippered front closures are being issued that allow the use of a safety harness worn under the life preserver when working over the side. A but-tonhole in the back is provided in the new cover to allow the safety harness D-ring to protrude through the cover. Old covers with the unidirectional front closure snaps should not be modified to include the safety harness buttonhole.

The cover is available in four sizes with slack in each size so foul weather gear can be worn under the life preserver. Pockets for a whistle and distress marker light are sewn onto the cover. Reflective tape is sewn across each shoulder and the back of the cover. Openings in the front of the cover are provided for the inflatable blad-der’s inflation assembly manifold and the oral inflation tube. A retaining loop for the inflation tube is provided above the opening of the tube (seeFigure 077-2-9). The opening for the manifold is located under an inflation

Figure 077-2-10. Inflatable Bladder for MK 1 Vest Type Life Preserver (MIL-SPEC Version)

77-17 assembly protective flap and is large enough to permit passage of the inflation assembly without removing it from the bladder. The protective flap completely covers the inflation assembly. A restraining strap for the CO2 cylin-der is sewn into the cover under the inflation assembly protective flap.

077-2.3.2.1.2 The inflatable bladder for the MK-1, shown inFigure 077-2-10, is a single chamber horseshoe shaped bladder. One size is used to fit all vest cover sizes. An oral inflation tube and a brass manifold for the inflation assembly are provided on the right front portion of the bladder. The manifold contains a check valve to prevent leakage. The bladder provided with the commercial vests is a different design than the existing MIL- SPEC bladder and requires a different CO2 cylinder. Therefore, care should be taken to ensure that the commer-cial bladder is only used in the commercial vest. On the MIL-SPEC bladder, a reinforcement patch is located around the brass manifold and a 2 inch by 4 inch piece of hook tape is secured to the left front portion of the bladder which allows it to be secured to the MIL-SPEC cover.

NOTE

Older bladders have a pressure relief valve attached to the left back portion of the bladder to prevent overinflation. This valve was determined to be unneces-sary and has been eliminated in the manufacture of new bladders. Bladders in service with this relief valve shall be retained in service, tested, and maintained as required until no longer serviceable.

077-2.3.2.1.3 Only the automatic inflation assembly is authorized for use on the MK 1 life preserver. The automatic inflation assembly holds one CO2 cylinder. The commercial bladder uses a 24 gram CO2 cylinder and the MIL-SPEC bladder uses a 33 gram CO2 cylinder. Care should be taken to use the appropriate cylinder in each vest. Two type of inflation assemblies are being used a battery-powered electronic circuit device manufactured by Conax and a chemical pill inflator produced by Stearns. When the battery-powered auto-inflation assembly is immersed in water, a battery-powered electronic circuit is completed that automatically activates the inflation mechanism. The Conax assembly uses one 12 volt battery in water, the chemical pill dissolves to complete the automatic inflation mechanism. The automatic inflation assembly can also be activated manually by pulling a lanyard attached to an actuating lever, releasing the CO2 to inflate the bladder. The Conax inflation assemblies can be actuated only once automatically but multiple times manually. The chemical pill auto-inflation assembly can be actuated automatically multiple times.

077-2.3.2.1.4 Accessories included with this life preserver are identified inTable 077-2-2. For flight deck per-sonnel attach the Distress Marker light to the impact resistant flight deck crew safety helmet (also called the cra-nial helmet) after entering the water, ensure a strip of hook tape on the back of the distress marker light.