05. Laminated Poles - Spec.pdf

February 2018

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR

WESTERN AREA POWER ADMINISTRATION

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PURCHASE OF

GLUED LAMINATED STRUCTURES

1 February 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Number

SECTION 1--GLUED LAMINATED STRUCTURES

1.1 GENERAL:

1. STRUCTURES

1.2 CONTRACTOR-FURNISHED DATA AND DRAWINGS

1. GENERAL

2. DESIGN DATA

3. APPROVAL DRAWINGS

4. FINAL ORIGINAL DRAWINGS

1.3 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

1. GENERAL

2. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

3. EMBEDMENT DESIGN

1.4 MATERIAL

1. GENERAL

2. HARDWARE AND ASSOCIATED MATERIAL

3. WEST COAST REGION DOUGLAS FIR OR SOUTHERN PINE GLUED LAMINATED

WOOD POLES

1.5 QUALITY CONTROL

1. GENERAL

2. FRAMING

3. HUMIDITY

4. ADHESIVES

1.6 MANUFACTURE

1. EDGE JOINTS

2. END JOINTS

3. REPAIRS

4. SECOND STAGE GLUING

5. PROOF-LOADING

6. END JOINT SPACING

7. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES

8. APPEARANCE

1.7 POLE MARKING AND CODE LETTERS

1. THE SUPPLIER'S CODE OR TRADEMARK

2. THE PLANT LOCATION AND THE YEAR OF TREATMENT

3. CODE LETTERS

4. POLES

5. THE APPROXIMATE TREATED WEIGHT

1.8 TESTING AND INSPECTION

1. REQUIREMENTS

2. MATERIAL

3. VOID-FILLING COMPOUNDS

4. RECORDS

5. QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM

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1.9 STORAGE, HANDLING, AND TRANSPORTING

1. ACCEPTANCE

1.10 INSTALLATION

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SECTION 1--GLUED LAMINATED STRUCTURES

1.1 GENERAL:

1. STRUCTURES: Designing, detailing, and furnishing glued laminated wood pole structures complete with foundation designs and embedment depths and the following:

(1) Poles, crossarms, and braces as applicable.

(2) Attachment hardware, connection bolts, nuts, and locknuts.

(3) Guying requirements including guy assemblies when guying is permitted. One guy, either single or double guy strand, shall include the length of guy assembly; with strand and fittings for guy attachment to connect the guys to the dead-end tees and to the anchor rods. The Contractor will not receive extra payment for guys longer than shown on the drawings.

(4) Guy anchors, including copper-clad anchor rods, and anchor accessories when guying is permitted.

1.2 CONTRACTOR-FURNISHED DATA AND DRAWINGS:

1. GENERAL: Use United States standard units of measurement and English words, signs, and symbols.

Submit data and drawing of structures. Include design calculations for all structural components.

Drawings shall be new originals. Reproducibles of specification drawings are not acceptable.

Data and drawings shall be thoroughly checked for accuracy and completeness before submittal.

Western will not check details and intermediate dimensions.

Western will return one set of the design data sheets which require changes and one print of each drawing marked to indicate approved or not approved and any required changes. The Contractor shall change the designs and details which Western determines necessary to make the finished structures conform to these specifications.

Western approval shall not relieve the Contractor from meeting the specifications requirements nor the responsibility for design and drawing correctness. Fabrication prior to design data and drawing approval shall be at the Contractor’s risk.

2. DESIGN DATA SHALL INCLUDE:

(1) General dimensions and weight.

(2) Total ultimate loads and moments including the ultimate moment capacity at ground line and splices.

(3) Maximum deflection at top of structure.

(4) Camber requirements. Raking of the poles will be permitted.

(5) Species of timber.

(6) Type of preservative.

(7) Quantity of structures.

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(8) Certification that the Contractor has:

1) Successfully designed and supplied manufactured items of comparable magnitude and purpose for a 3-year period.

2) Manufacturing facilities used to supply glued laminated structures are adequate for the type and size of structures required.

3. APPROVAL DRAWINGS: Prior to fabrication, submit for approval, the drawings for the structures.

Note: design calculations/drawings should not be included as part of this package, they will be requested if needed. The submittal shall include:

(1) Erection drawings showing the following:

1) Dimensions.

2) A complete bill of material, including hardware and weights, listing all material for one structure or the portion shown thereon. Total weight of one complete structure shall be noted.

3) Weight, center of gravity, lifting location or lifting method for entire structure.

4) Camber orientation as it relates to direction of transmission line.

5) Foundation auger diameter, embedment depth, and rake of pole if required.

4. FINAL ORIGINAL DRAWINGS: Prior to pole shipment, furnish originals or positive reproducibles and electronic copies in PDF and AutoCAD version 2016.

1.3 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS:

1. GENERAL: Design using published theories accepted by the industry as good engineering practice.

Construction shall be Grade B. Overload factors shall be in accordance with NESC C2-2017 Structure and attachments shall be designed for the simultaneous application of dead loads, wind on the structure and wire loads as shown in the attached spreadsheet or drawing. If other load cases are provided, a 1.1 overload factor shall be used. X-braces may be used if the overall structure cost is less with them.

2. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Design consistent with the following:

(1) Include proper theory to accommodate stresses from structure deflection (secondary bending).

Structure deflection shall not exceed 1.5 percent of the adjusted groundline (AGL) under everyday loading conditions defined as 60°Fahrenheit, no ice, and no wind.

(2) Camber or rake structures so that the structure axis are vertical after the conductors are strung.

In multi-pole angle structures, all poles shall be aligned and oriented on the bisector of the angle being turned.

(3) The Pole Supplier shall be fully responsible for the structure designs and the satisfactory performance under acceptance tests. Approval by Western does not relieve the Pole Supplier of responsibility for the adequacy of the designs and drawings.

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3. EMBEDMENT DESIGN:

(1) Auger Diameter: Auger diameter shall be the maximum pole base dimension plus a minimum of 12 inches.

(2) Embedment Depth: The bearing capacity of the soil shall be assumed to be 5,500 psf (Class

6). The Contractor shall determine the embedment depth with a minimum embedment depth of 10 percent of the overall length plus 4 feet.

(3) Pole Supplier shall determine if a foundation reinforcement system is required. If required, the foundation system shall be an integral part of the structure and shall be included in the structure unit price.

(4) Western’s position is that each laminated pole (and foundation reinforcement, if required) will be placed in an augered hole as described above and backfilled with thoroughly compacted, well-graded, washed or unwashed, 2-inch minus rock. The pole supplier should also provide their recommended backfill material, if different than above. If the pole supplier’s installation instructions contain additional foundation requirements (i.e. caissons, culverts, etc.), Western will determine its costs in acquiring and installing those additional requirements and those costs will be added onto the submitted bid price.

1.4 MATERIAL:

1. GENERAL: Furnish all material in accordance with the drawings and the requirements of this specification. In addition to the laminated poles and foundation reinforcement (if required), the pole supplier shall provide all hardware and fasteners necessary to attach all conductors, overhead ground wires and optical ground wires to the structure as outlined in the referenced structure drawing. Dead end tees shall be furnished in lieu of pole bands as shown in drawing 41 6138. Holes necessary for installing the hardware shall be drilled at the appropriate locations prior to preservative treatment.

2. HARDWARE AND ASSOCIATED MATERIAL:

(1) Bolts, Nuts, and Locknuts: Bolts and nuts shall be square headed and in accordance with ANSI C135.1. Unless otherwise specified, rolled or cut threads of the American Standard coarse thread series shall be furnished. The double arming bolts shall be furnished with four square nuts and threaded 6 inches at each end. Locknuts shall be Type MF.

3. WEST COAST REGION DOUGLAS FIR OR SOUTHERN PINE GLUED LAMINATED WOOD POLES:

Conforming to the following:

(1) General: Poles shall be in accordance with ANSI 05.2 including the following clarification revisions and all applicable AWPA specifications, including U1, Use Category System: User Specification for Treated, Wood, Commodity Specification D (Poles) and Processing and Treatment Standard T1, Section 8.4 (Poles), especially Section 8.4.8 (Glue Laminated Poles) for the preparation and treatment except as modified in this specification.

All referenced specifications and Standards shall be of the latest revision.

Structural Glued Laminated Timber is an engineered, product comprised of assemblies of specifically selected and prepared wood laminates bonded with adhesives. These assemblies are prepared under AITC Standards 110, 111, and 200.

Lumber shall be West Coast Region Douglas Fir or Southern Pine as defined in Section 4.1

ANSI 05.2.

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All Laminating lumber shall be graded in accordance with applicable grading rules of the West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau (WCLIB) for Douglas fir as supplemented by the requirements of ANSI A190.1 and AITC 117.

All glue laminated poles shall have been glued with a wet use adhesive as specified in ANSI/AITC Standard A190.1

1) Flaws: All lumber for laminating poles shall be free of timber breaks.

2) Soundness: Decay in any form is not permitted, including decay in knots in any form.

3) Moisture Content: Shall be per Section 4.3 of ANSI 05.2. The mean equilibrium moisture content shall be 12 percent.

(2) Incising and Radial Drilling: Laminated poles constructed of Douglas Fir shall be incised prior to treatment. This incising shall be for the full pole length and on all four sides with a minimum depth of 5/8 inch. The pattern shall minimize any damage to the surface of the pole by splintering and shall be a sufficiently dense pattern to assure uniform treatment. All laminated poles shall have a full length inner raceway in addition to the unglued edge joints to allow for full penetration of preservative and to allow for moisture drainage. In the absence of an internal raceway, all unglued edge joints shall be permanently sealed on the top of the pole and along the full length of the cut side.

All laminated poles constructed of Douglas Fir shall be incised and through bored prior to treatment. This drilling is in the zone extending 2’ above and 3’ below the standard groundline (as defined in ANSI 05.1), or as otherwise designated. For drilling, the boring shall be 3/16” diameter by 3” long and shall be spaced in a diamond pattern so that holes within a given diamond are approximately 6” apart. Drilled holes on the edge faces shall be omitted for the first 2 laminations on each side. Care shall be taken on the edge faces to ensure that drill holes do not penetrate along glue lines. All laminated poles constructed with Southern Pine shall be drilled with this pattern on the two constant pole faces only.

For best results, all cuts and drilling should be done prior to treatment. This shall include a mechanism (i.e. internal grooves) for allowing wood preservative to flow longitudinally through the entire length of each internal joint of the pole. Care should be taken to avoid mechanical damage in both handling and in service. When mechanical damage occurs, field treatment should be in accordance with AWPA Standard M4. All poles shall be inspected after treatment in accordance with the applicable sections of AWPA Standard M2.

(3) Treatment of Poles:

1) General: All poles shall be treated in accordance with AWPA specifications, U1, Use

Category System: User Specification for Treated, Wood, Commodity Specification D (Poles), Section 4.4, Table 4.4A, Use Category 4C and Processing and Treatment Standard T1, Section 8.4 (Poles), especially Section 8.4.8 (Glue Laminated Poles) except as modified or changed in this paragraph.

2) Preservatives:

The preservative used in the treatment of the poles shall be one of the following:

7 February 2018

a. Copper Naphthenate meeting the requirement of AWPA specification P8 (Section 2, Copper Naphthenate). The petroleum shall be hydrocarbon solvent, Type A only, meeting the requirements of AWPA specification P9.

The Copper Naphthenate petroleum solution shall contain not less than one percent (1 percent), by weight, of Copper Naphthenate and not less than two percent (2 percent) copper as metal.

b. Pentachlorophenol petroleum solution consisting of pentachlorophenol meeting the requirements of AWPA specifications P8 (Section 1, Pentachlorophenol) dissolved in suitable petroleum oil meeting the requirements for Type A solvent of AWPA specification P9.

The concentration of pentachlorophenol, as determined in accordance with AWPA specification A5, shall be not less than 5 percent by weight.

3) Penetration: Penetration shall be as defined in AWPA T1, Table D10 (Assay and penetration zones for glued laminated poles) and determined from increment borer cores taken 1 to 2 feet below the brand from each piece of the charge. These cores shall be used to check penetration of the preservative. Additional cores in through-bored members shall be taken from a zone approximately 1 foot above the intended ground line and 1 foot below the top of the drilled zone. These cores shall be assayed for retention. If 90 percent of the boring meet the penetration requirements, the charge shall be accepted, but the non-conforming poles in the charge will be retreated.

Penetration of preservative shall be 100 percent in the ground line bored area.

4) Retention: The pole shall be treated so as to maintain the minimums noted in AWPA U1, Commodity Specification D (Poles), Table 4.4A, Use Category 4C. Retention shall be determined with borer cores taken at the same points as for penetration determination.

a. Color: Upon completion of the treating process, all poles shall be as light colored as reasonably possible to obtain a light to medium brown; color chart range three to seven poles darker than chart seven may be rejected. Poles shall be clean and dry, without excess surface oil.

1.5 QUALITY CONTROL:

1. GENERAL: The supplier shall have defined quality control methods and functions available for review and approval. Maintain permanent records on material specifications. The supplier shall eliminate all material that would be considered defective according to these specifications.

2. FRAMING: Drilling, if any, shall be as specified according to the drawings included with the order.

Drilling on specified poles and square cut roofing on all poles shall be completed BEFORE the treatment process.

3. HUMIDITY: The relative humidity of the manufacturing area shall be maintained at such a level that the moisture content will not change substantially during the manufacturing process. All bonding shall be performed as soon as practical after checking moisture content.

4. ADHESIVES: Adhesives for structural laminating shall conform to all applicable requirements of

ANSI A190.1 to comply with wet conditions of use and be compatible with the selected preservative solution to be used. Adhesives containing urea shall not be used.

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1.6 MANUFACTURE:

The selection, preparation, assembly, and bonding of the laminations shall be in accordance with ANSI A190.1 and as specified herein.

1. EDGE JOINTS: Unglued edge joints shall be permitted for multiple width lamination lay-up as permitted by ANSI A190.1. The non-cut edge joint gaps shall be limited to 1/4 inch and occasionally to a maximum of 3/8 inch. The cut edge joint gap shall be limited to 3/8” inch for a nominal width of 10” and less, ½” for a nominal width of 10” to 12”, ¾” for a nominal width of 12” to 14”, 7/8” for a nominal width of 14” to 16”, and 1” for nominal widths over 16”.

2. END JOINTS: End joints of laminations shall be pre-glued and cured before assembly of face joint into structural members. Spacing of the end joints shall be as specified in ANSI A190.1.

3. REPAIRS: Structural repairs as defined in ANSI A190.1 are allowed. End blocks as defined in

ANSI A190.1 are prohibited.

4. SECOND STAGE GLUING: When two or more laminated members that are over 2 inches in net thickness are glued together, a gap-filling adhesive shall be used in accordance with ANSI A190.1.

5. PROOF-LOADING: Proof loading shall be in accordance with ANSI A190.1. All laminated stock in high stress area shall be E-rated lumber.

6. END JOINT SPACING: When proof loading is performed in accordance with ANSI A190.1, end joint spacing is not required.

7. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES: Allowable variations from specified dimensions are as follows:

(1) Sizes and tolerances for poles shall be in accordance with the following:

1) Depth: ±1/2 inch.

2) Width: ±1/4 inch.

3) Squareness: ±3/8 inch per foot of depth.

4) Length of poles under 50 feet: +6 inches, -3 inches.

5) Length of poles over 50 feet: +12 inches, -6 inches.

(2) Unless specified otherwise on the plans, drawings, or purchase order, holes shall be a minimum of 1/16 inch and a maximum of 1/8 inch larger than the bolt diameter.

(3) Hole locations: ±1/8 inch.

(4) The camber or straightness tolerance for poles is ±1/2 inch for members up to 20 feet. For members over 20 feet, the tolerance is increased by ±1/2 inch per each additional 20 feet, or fraction thereof, but should not exceed ±2 inches. These tolerances are at the time of manufacture without allowance for dead load deflection and should be used for straight or slightly cambered members and not more sharply curved members.

8. APPEARANCE: Glued laminated structural members shall be manufactured in accordance with the industrial appearance grade as defined in AITC 110 and as required in 1 through 6 as follows.

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(1) Poles shall be eased to a minimum of 3/4 inch and a maximum of 1 inch.

(2) After gluing, all members shall be surfaced, at least on the two sides where glue lines are exposed.

(3) Splintering around the holes caused by drilling, shall be kept to a minimum. Holes shall be drilled perpendicular to the starting and finishing faces of members with a uniform cross section unless otherwise specified, or as specified on the plans and drawings of members with a variable cross section.

(4) Occasional laminations may contain wane, may be scant of the specified width, or both. These conditions in a lamination shall not be more than 3/16 inch in width.

(5) Medium splits in the outside laminations of vertical mounted members and short splits in the top laminations of horizontal and diagonally mounted members, developing at the laminating plant after gluing, are permitted.

(6) All voids in the roof of poles shall be filled (after treating) with a void-filling compound unless otherwise specified. The compound shall be sanded or scraped smooth after patching. Wood dowels may be used to repair improperly drilled holes, as long as the defect does not affect the structural integrity of the member.

1.7 POLE MARKING AND CODE LETTERS:

The following information shall be included on a metal tag affixed thereto.

1. The supplier's code or trademark.

2. The plant location and the year of treatment.

3. Code letters denoting the pole's species and preservative used. The size designation and/or equivalent class and the length of the pole.

4. Poles shall be marked with two aluminum discs in accordance with ANSI 05.1. The discs shall be made of 24-gauge aluminum and approximately 2 inches in diameter. The discs shall be punched for nails, placed in the marking disc recesses, and attached with two twisted 2-inch aluminum twist nails.

Marking on the face shall be approximately 6 feet above the ground line.

5. The approximate treated weight of the pole shall be marked at the balance point of the pole.

1.8 TESTING AND INSPECTION:

1. REQUIREMENTS: Testing and inspection shall be in accordance with ANSI A190.1 and AITC 200.

2. MATERIAL: Testing and inspection shall be performed on the material and from the production that is supplied on the purchase order and produced in accordance with this standard. Samples for physical testing shall be taken at random.

3. VOID-FILLING COMPOUNDS: Physical tests of void-filling compounds shall be made on samples of daily production in accordance with AITC test 110, as included in AITC 200 to establish compliance with 5.6.6.1 of AITC 200 standard.

4. RECORDS: The results of all strength and wood failure tests of face, edge, and end joints and test of void-filling compounds conducted on material produced in accordance with AITC 200 shall be sent to

10 February 2018 the purchaser within 5 working days, if requested by the purchaser. Legible copies of hand written records shall suffice.

5. QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM: The quality control system shall be as specified in ANSI A190.1.

Daily records of the material produced under this standard shall be submitted to the purchaser within 5 working days. Daily records shall include, at least, the requirements established in the Manufacturer's Procedures Manual and Quality Control Manual and any others required in this standard.

(1) Inspection: Treated laminated poles shall be inspected after treatment in accordance with the applicable sections of AWPA Standard M2.

(2) Penetration: Penetration determination shall be made on 100 percent of the poles regardless of the specie. Penetration determination of the Douglas Fir shall be from one (1) boring per pole at the same location as noted in specification paragraph 1.4.2 and between the marking disc and the ground line. Part of these borings may be used for retention analysis.

1.9 STORAGE, HANDLING, AND TRANSPORTING:

Shipments are to be made by truck, and all applicable Federal and State rules and regulations shall be followed. No pole shall be permitted to protrude above the top of the side stakes. Unloading of poles is the responsibility of the Contractor unless otherwise stated.

1. ACCEPTANCE: Final inspection and acceptance of each pole will be made by Western at the destination. In case such inspection shows that material does not meet the specifications or have been damaged in transit, then before accepting them from the transportation company and before unloading, Western will report to the Contractor by telephone or fax, who will provide instruction on how to proceed. The Contractor shall pay transportation costs both ways on all rejected poles.

Neither inspection, waiving of inspection, nor Western’s acceptance shall relieve the processor from obligations to furnish poles to meet the requirements of this specification.

1.10 INSTALLATION:

Install structures in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

1.10 INSTALLATION: