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Eldorado and Tahoe National Forest Invasive Plant Treatment Guide for BAER Surveys
NOTE: If not specified, all plants with flowering heads should be clipped, bagged, and disposed of. If plants do not have developing flower/seed heads they may be left on site where roots are not in contact with the soil. If infestation would take greater than 2 hours for two people to treat, map infestation and report to the FS Botanist no later than the next session report.
Group 1 (Eradicate): Highly invasive species known to occur on the Eldorado National Forest. Species are uncommon and are a priority for control and eradication.
Group 2 and 3 (Control): Established or widespread species known to occur on the Eldorado National Forest. Management strategies should consider eradicating isolated populations and controlling established infestation.
Potential invasives: Species not yet found on the Eldorado National Forest. If found infestations should be targeted for eradication or control.
| Scientific Name |
| Common Name |
| ENF Group |
| TNF Group |
| Treatment Type |
| Acroptilon repens |
| Russian knapweed |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Aegilops cylindrica |
| jointed goatgrass |
| 1 |
| NA |
| Hand pull |
| Aegilops triuncialis |
| barbed goatgrass |
| 2 |
| 2 |
| Hand pull |
| Ailanthus altissima |
| Chinese tree of heaven |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Do nothing if plants are mature. |
| Arundo donax |
| arundo |
| 1 |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Berteroa incana |
| hoary alyssum |
| NA |
| 1 |
| Hand pull |
| Cardaria chalepensis |
| small whitetop |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Clip and dispose of flower heads if plants are mature. Report to Botanist. |
| Cardaria draba |
| hoarycress |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Cardaria pubescens |
| whitetop |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Clip and dispose of flower heads if plants are mature. Report to Botanist. |
| Carduus acanthoides |
| plumeless thistle |
| NA |
| 1 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Carduus nutans |
| musk thistle |
| Potential |
| 2 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Carthamus lanatus |
| woolly distaff thistle |
| Potential |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Centaurea calcitrapa |
| purple starthistle |
| 1 |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Centaurea diffusa |
| diffuse (white) knapweed |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Centaurea melitensis |
| tocalote |
| 2 |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Centaurea pratensis |
| meadow knapweed |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Centaurea solstitialis |
| yellow starthistle |
| 2 |
| 2 |
| Hand pull |
| Centaurea stoebe |
| spotted knapweed |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Centaurea sulphurea |
| Sicilian starthistle |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Hand pull |
| Centaurea virgata ssp. squarrosa |
| squarrose knapweed |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Chenopodium botrys |
| Jerusalem-oak goosefoot |
| 3 |
| NA |
| Hand pull |
| Chondrilla juncea |
| rush skeleton weed |
| 2 |
| 2 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Cirsium arvense |
| Canada thistle |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Conium maculatum |
| poison hemlock |
| 4 |
| 3 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Cortaderia selloana |
| pampas grass |
| Potential |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Cynoglossum officinale |
| houndstongue |
| NA |
| 1 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Cytisus scoparius |
| Scotch broom |
| 2 |
| 2 |
| Hand pull if plants are small. Report to botanist if plants are mature. |
| Descurainia sophia |
| herb sophia |
| 1 |
| NA |
| Hand pull |
| Dipsacus fullonum |
| common teasel |
| NA |
| 3 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Dipsacus sativus |
| Fuller's teasel |
| NA |
| 3 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Dittrichia graveolens |
| stinkwort |
| 1 |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Egeria densa |
| Brazilian egeria |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Eichhornia crassipes |
| water hyacinth |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Elymus caput-medusae |
| medusahead |
| 2 |
| 2 |
| Hand pull |
| Euphorbia esula |
| leafy spurge |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Euphorbia oblongata |
| oblong spurge |
| 1 |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Euphorbia virgata |
| leafy spurge |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Fallopia sachalinensis |
| Sakhalin knotweed |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Foeniculum vulgare |
| Fennel |
| 2 |
| 2 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Genista monspessulana |
| French broom |
| 2 |
| 2 |
| Hand pull if plants are small. Report to botanist if plants are mature. |
| Halogeton glomeratus |
| halogeton |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Hedera canariensis |
| Algerian ivy |
| NA |
| 3 |
| Hand pull if plants are small. Report to botanist if plants are mature. |
| Hedera helix |
| English Ivy |
| 3 |
| 3 |
| Hand pull if plants are small. Report to botanist if plants are mature. |
| Hydrilla verticillata |
| hydrilla |
| NA |
| 3 |
| Hand pull |
| Hypericum perforatum |
| Klamath weed |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| Hand pull |
| Iris pseudacorus |
| yellowflag iris |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Isatis tinctoria |
| dyer’s woad |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| Hand pull |
| Kochia scoparia |
| kochia |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Lepidium appelianum |
| hairy whitetop |
| NA |
| 2 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Lepidium chalepense |
| lense-podded hoary cress |
| NA |
| 1 |
| Hand pull |
| Lepidium draba |
| whitetop |
| 1 |
| NA |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Clip and dispose of flower heads if plants are mature. Report to FS Botanist. |
| Lepidium latifolium |
| tall whitetop |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Clip and dispose of flower heads if plants are mature. Report to FS Botanist. |
| Leucanthemum vulgare |
| oxeye daisy |
| 3 |
| 3 |
| Hand pull |
| Linaria dalmatica ssp. dalmatica |
| Dalmatian toadflax |
| Potential |
| 2 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Linaria vulgaris |
| yellow toadflax |
| Potential |
| 2 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Lythrum salicaria |
| purple loosestrife |
| 1 |
| Potential |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Clip and dispose of flower heads if plants are mature. Report to FS Botanist |
| Melilotus alba |
| white sweet clover |
| 3 |
| NA |
| Hand pull |
| Melilotus officinalis |
| yellow sweet clover |
| 3 |
| NA |
| Hand pull |
| Myriophyllum spicatum |
| Eurasian watermilfoil |
| NA |
| 3 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Nicotiana glauca |
| tree tobacco |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Hand pull or mechanical removal |
| Onopordum acanthium |
| Scotch thistle |
| Potential |
| 1 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Phragmites australis |
| common reed |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Clip and dispose of flower heads if plants are mature. Report to Botanist. |
| Phytolacca americana |
| common pokeweed |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Polygonum cuspidatum |
| Japanese knotweed |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Clip and dispose of flower heads if plants are mature. Report to Botanist. |
| Polygonum sachalinensis |
| Sakhalin knotweed |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig if plants are seedlings. Clip and dispose of flower heads if plants are mature. Report to Botanist. |
| Potentilla recta |
| sulfur cinquefoil |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| Hand pull |
| Salsola tragus |
| Russian thistle/tumbleweed |
| 3 |
| 3 |
| Hand pull |
| Salvia aethiopis |
| Mediterranean sage |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Sesbania punicea |
| scarlet wisteria |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Hand pull or mechanical removal if plants are small. If plants are large report to Botanist. |
| Silybum marianum |
| milk thistle |
| 3 |
| NA |
| Hand pull |
| Sorghum halepense |
| Johnson grass |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Spartium junceum |
| Spanish broom |
| 2 |
| 2 |
| Hand pull if plants are small. Report to botanist if plants are mature. |
| Tamarix chinensis |
| salt cedar |
| Potential |
| NA |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Tamarix sp. |
| tamarisk |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible. Report to botanist if plants are mature. |
| Tanacetum vulgare |
| tansy |
| Potential |
| 2 |
| Dig up plants getting as much root as possible |
| Tribulus terrestris* |
| puncture vine |
| 3 |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Ulex europaeus |
| gorse |
| Potential |
| Potential |
| Hand pull or mechanical removal if plants are small. If plants are large report to Botanist. |
| Ventenata dubia |
| Ventenata grass |
| NA |
| Potential |
| Hand pull |
| Vinca major |
| periwinkle |
| 3 |
| 3 |
| Hand pull |
Department of Agriculture Forest Service