The National Science Foundation Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences awarded the University of North Texas Research and Innovation Division $511,338 on January 15, 2027, under the Biological Sciences program (CFDA 47.074) to investigate group structure, hydrodynamics, and sensory mechanisms in schooling and shoaling squids.
The project uses 3D body tracking, volumetric flow imaging, and advanced analysis tools to study three squid species swimming in natural conditions, in water tunnels against currents, and with temporarily disabled sensory systems. The research aims to identify organizational patterns and flow conditions that improve swimming efficiency in squid schools and shoals, and to determine how sensory input enables squids to maintain positioning within groups. Findings will provide tools and techniques for developing swarms of underwater autonomous vehicles.
The project extends through December 31, 2029, with performance in Denton, Texas. Beyond the primary research objectives, the award supports training of a post-doctoral fellow and undergraduate and graduate students, provides hands-on experiences for middle and high school students, and facilitates public education through collaborations with aquariums and science communicators.