Attachment_2_TM_43-0139_PAINTING_INSTRUCTIONS_FOR_ARMY_MATERIEL.pdf

TM 43-0139

TECHNICAL MANUAL

PAINTING INSTRUCTIONS

FOR

ARMY MATERIEL

SUPERSEDURE NOTICE: This manual supersedes TM 43-0139, dated 30 June 2008.

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY 23 JUNE 2014

WARNING SUMMARY

FOR INFORMATION ON FIRST AID, REFER TO FM 4-25.11

The following are general safety precautions that are not related to any specific procedures and therefore do not appear elsewhere in this publication. These are recommended precautions that personnel must understand and apply during many phases of operation and maintenance.

KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS

Remove all jewelry before conducting maintenance. Do not wear watches, rings, identification tags, or other jewelry which could short across electrical components or catch on vehicle components. Failure to comply may result in severe injury to personnel.

Turn off ignition switch and master power switch before performing electrical system maintenance. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel. Disconnect negative ground cable from batteries before removing any electrical component. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel. Never attempt a voltage measurement with test probe lead in current jack (10A or 300mA). Failure to comply may result in serious injury to personnel.

Shut engine down before performing voltage checks for injector solenoids. When engine is running, injector circuits have high voltage and amperage. Failure to comply may result in serious injury to personnel.

Do not use a circuit breaker, fuse, or relay with higher amperage rating than listed for a particular application. Using higher amperage will overheat the electrical circuit, causing melted components and possible fire. Failure to comply may result in damage to equipment and serious injury or death to personnel.

DO NOT SERVICE OR ADJUST ALONE

Under no circumstances shall any person reach into or enter an enclosure for the purpose of servicing or adjusting equipment except in the presence of someone who is capable of rendering aid.

a Change 1

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

RESUSCITATION

Personnel working with or near high voltages should be familiar with modern methods of resuscitation. Such information may be obtained from the supporting Medical Department or the Local Chapter of the Red Cross.

HAZARDOUS MATERIAL STORAGE AND HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL

Adhesives, solvents, and sealing compounds can burn easily, can give off harmful vapors, and are harmful to skin and clothing. Wear goggles and protective clothing. Keep away from open flame and use in well-ventilated area. If adhesive, solvent, or sealing compound get on skin or clothing, wash immediately with soap and water. Failure to comply may result in injury or death to personnel.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

Some type of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is usually required when performing painting procedures. PPE may include ear protection, eye protection, gloves, respirators, or other equipment. Select appropriate PPE for the job you are performing.

OXYGEN EQUIPMENT, FITTINGS, AND REGULATORS

Do not use oil-based cleaning/preservative compounds around oxygen, oxygen fittings, or oxygen regulators since fire or explosion may result. Failure to comply will result in death or serious injury to personnel.

EXPLOSION AND SPARK PROOF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Use of electrical equipment (e.g., drills and sanders) may present an explosive hazard when explosive solvent/vapors are present. Use of explosive spark-proof equipment when needed, and make sure they are properly grounded.

b Change 1

The following is a list of warnings appearing in this Technical Manual (TM).

WARNING

Wash down additive concentrate can cause eye irritation. Wear chemical splash proof goggles, and a face shield if needed, when mixing or when using at full strength. Failure to do so may cause death or injury to personnel. If material contacts eyes, flush with plenty of fresh water for 15 minutes and get immediate medical attention. If swallowed, do not induce vomiting; obtain medical attention. Failure to comply may result in death or serious injury to personnel.

WARNING

Cleaning solvent is toxic and flammable. Wear protective goggles and gloves. Use only in a well-ventilated area. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothes. Do not breathe vapors. Do not use near open flame or excessive heat. The flash point is 200°F (93°C). If you become dizzy while using cleaning solvent, get fresh air immediately and seek medical aid. If contact with eyes is made, wash eyes with water and seek medical aid immediately.

Adhesives, solvents, and sealing compounds can produce harmful vapors; harm skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; and ignite easily. Examples of solvent cleaners are carbon tetrachloride and emulsion-type and petroleum-base cleaners. Comply with the following precautions to avoid serious injury or death to personnel:

Wear eye protection and protective clothing.

Read and carefully follow manufacturer’s instructions.

Use only in well-ventilated area, away from flame or sparks. Keep fire extinguisher nearby.

If adhesives, solvents, or sealing compounds get on skin or clothing, wash immediately with soap and water. Do not use gasoline or solvents that contain gasoline. Gasoline can explode.

Use hot solution tanks or alkaline solutions correctly by carefully following manufacturer’s instructions. Solvents used with a spray gun must be used in a spray booth with filter. Personnel operating spray gun must wear face shield.

c Change 1

WARNING

Paint thinners can cause eye irritation. Wear chemical splash proof goggles, and a face shield if needed, when mixing or when using at full strength. Failure to do so may cause death or injury to personnel. If material contacts eyes, flush with plenty of fresh water for 15 minutes and get immediate medical attention.

WARNING

Solvents are flammable and toxic. Use only in well ventilated spaces. If ventilation cannot be provided and work would result in breathing solvent vapors, wear air-purifying respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridge. Do not use near open flames or sources of sparks. Do not smoke in the area where solvents are being used. Do not allow prolonged contact of solvent with bare skin.

Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

WARNING

The catalyst used in this sealer contains a lead compound. Avoid contact with skin. Wash hands after use. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

d Change 1

WARNING

Use of electrical equipment (e.g., drills and sanders) may present an explosive hazard when explosive solvent/vapors are present. Use explosive spark-proof equipment when needed, and make sure they are properly grounded. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

WARNING

Use of hand tools can cause hand or eye injury. Some of these tools can create flying debris. Wear protective gloves and impact resistant eye protection. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

WARNING

Do not use compressed air exceeding 30 psi (207 kPa) for cleaning purposes. Use only with effective chip-guarding and personal protective equipment, including goggles or face shield and gloves. Failure to comply could result in serious injury or death to personnel..

e Change 1

WARNING

Power tools can cause hand or eye injury and may produce high noise levels and airborne dust.

These tools can create flying debris – use impact resistant eye protection. Wear hearing protection when necessary. Follow all safety precautions for the power tool used. Do not defeat or disable any safety mechanisms. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel. l

WARNING

When mixing and applying paint, protect eyes with safety goggles or a full-face shield. Avoid inhalation of paint fumes. Paint only in areas of adequate ventilation. Wear a respirator when mixing or applying paint if adequate ventilation cannot be obtained. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

Prior to beginning any painting operation, Preventive Medicine/Industrial Hygiene personnel must be contacted. Painting materials can cause serious health problems if used improperly or without adequate respiratory protection. Always use air line respirators when using CARC paint unless air sampling shows exposure to be below standards. Use chemical cartridge if air sampling is below standards.

Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

f Change 1

WARNING

Avoid breathing vapors from sealants. Wear respirators or ventilation masks when using sealants. Do not use sealants in poorly ventilated areas. Doing so may result in death or injury to personnel..

WARNING

Post “NO SMOKING" signs in and within a 50 foot radius of paint spraying and storage areas as mixed CARC is extremely flammable. Smoking near CARC may cause fire or explosion.

Failure to comply may result in death or injury to personnel.

WARNING

Observe fire regulations when using paints, lacquers, primers, removers and thinners; many are highly flammable. Keep away from heat, flames and sparks. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

WARNING

Dried spray-paint dust can pose an extreme fire hazard. Remove and dispose of this dust daily in accordance with AR 420-1. The danger of fire can be materially reduced by the use of a water-wash or waterfall type of spray booth. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

g Change 1

WARNING

Eye and hearing protection must be worn at all times when using power tools for grinding, cutting, sawing, and drilling. Personnel grinding or sanding on painted equipment should use high efficiency air-purifying respirators. Failure to do so may result in injury to personnel.

WARNING

Vehicles finished with a Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC). CARC contains isocyanates, which are highly irritating to skin and respiratory system. Breathing CARC vapor or dried paint dust can cause coughing, shortness of breath, burning sensation in throat and nose, watering of eyes, pain during respiration, and chest tightness. Skin contact with particulates can cause itching or redness of skin. Sensitivity to isocyanates may increase from repeated exposure. Use the following precautions to prevent injury from exposure. Failure to comply may result in serious injury to personnel.

• Personnel who have lung or breathing problems or who have had a reaction to isocyanates must not be in any area where CARC painting operations are performed or CARC dust particles are present.

Never weld or cut CARC coated surfaces. Grinding, Drilling or Sanding CARC coated surfaces will create harmful dust. All personnel in the area must wear high-efficiency air purifying respirators, protective goggles, gloves, and other protective clothing. Thoroughly wash all clothing before reuse.

• CARC painting operations must be performed only by qualified painters wearing protective gear and P-95 or P-100 respirators and working in fully equipped facilities. All personnel in the area must wear high-efficiency air purifying respirators, protective goggles, gloves, and other protective clothing. Thoroughly wash all clothing before reuse.

• Follow the requirements of TB 43-0242 – CARC Spot Painting, AR 11-34 - The Army Respiratory Protection Program, TG 144 – Guidelines for Controlling Health Hazards in Painting, and associated or equivalent Service-specific requirements and manuals.

h Change 1

WARNING SUMMARY – Continued

WARNING

Never weld or cut CARC coated surfaces. Grinding, Drilling or Sanding CARC coated surfaces will create harmful dust. All personnel in the area must wear high-efficiency air purifying respirators, protective goggles, gloves, and other protective clothing. Thoroughly wash all clothing before reuse.

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CHANGE

NO. 1

HEADQUARTERS

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

WASHINGTON, D.C., 15 MARCH 2016

TECHNICAL MANUAL

PAINTING INSTRUCTIONS

FOR

ARMY MATERIEL

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

TM 43-0139 dated 23 June 2014, is updated as follows:

1. File this sheet in front of the manual for reference.

2. New or updated material is indicated by a vertical bar in the outer margin of the page and by a vertical bar adjacent to the art.

3. Remove old pages and insert new pages as indicated below:

Remove Pages Insert Pages Warning Summary (a-i/j blank)

A/(B blank) i thru ii

0006 00-1 through 0006 00-2 0007 00-1 through 0007 00-23/(24 blank) 0009 00-1 through 0009 00-15/16(blank)

0010 00-1 through 0010 00-16 0020 00-1 through 0020 003/4 blank

METRIC / PIN

Warning Summary (a-i/j blank) A/(B blank) i thru ii 0006 00-1 through 0006 00-2

0007 00-1 through 0007 00-23/(24 blank) 0009 00-1 through 0009 00-15/16(blank)

0010 00-1 through 0010 00-16 0020 00-1 through 0020 003/4 blank

METRIC / PIN

Distribution:

Initially published in electronic media only. If at a later date this publication is printed, it will be distributed in accordance with the initial distribution number (IDN) 340868 requirements for

TM 43-0139.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

1604810

MARK A. MILLEY

General, United States Army

Chief of Staff Official:

GERALD B. O’KEEFE

Administrative Assistant to the

Secretary of the Army

Dates of issue for original pages/work packages are:

Original 23 June 2014 Change 1 15 March 2016

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES FOR FRONT AND REAR MATTER IS 36 AND TOTAL

NUMBER OF WORK PACKAGES IS 21 CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING:

Page/WP No.

Change No.

Page/WP No.

Change No.

Page/WP No.

Change No.

Front Cover 0 WP 0008 (6 pgs) 0 WP 0019 (4 pgs) 0 blank 0 WP 0009 (12 pgs) 1 Chp 7 Title Page 0

Warning Summary (8 pgs) 1 WP 0010 (10 pgs) 1 blank 0 i - ii 0 Chp 4 Title Page 0 WP 0020 (4 pgs) 1

Chp 1 Title Page 0 blank 0 WP 0021 (10 pgs) 0 blank 0 WP 0011 (10 pgs) 0

GLOSSARY-1 –

GLOSSARY-4 0

WP 0001 (4 pgs) 0 WP 0012 (10 pgs) 0 INDEX-1 – INDEX-2 0

WP 0002 (6 pgs) 0 Chp 5 Title Page 0 DA Form 2028 Sample (2 pgs) 0

Chp 2 Title Page 0 blank 0 DA Form 2028 (4 pgs) 0 blank 0 WP 0013 (30 pgs) 0 Authentication

WP 0003 (4 pgs) 0 WP 0014 (10 pgs) 0 Blank 0

WP 0004 (2 pgs) 0 WP 0015 (18 pgs) 0 Metric

WP 0005 (2 pgs) 0 Chp 6 Title Page 0 Back Cover/PIN 1

WP 0006 (2 pgs) 1 blank 0

Chp 3 Title Page 0 WP 0016 (8 pgs) 0 blank 0 WP 0017 (2 pgs) 0

WP 0007 (16 pgs) 1 WP 0018 (4 pgs) 0

A/(B Blank)

NOTE: The portion of text affected by the change is indicated by a vertical bar in the outer margins of the page. Changes to illustrations are indicated by a vertical bar adjacent to the title. Zero in the "Change No." column indicates an original page or work package.

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES/WORK PACKAGES

HEADQUARTERS

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

WASHINGTON, D.C., 23 JUNE 2014

TECHNICAL MANUAL

PAINTING INSTRUCTIONS

FOR

ARMY MATERIEL

REPORTING ERRORS AND RECOMMENDING IMPROVEMENTS

You can help improve this publication. If you find any errors, or if you would like to recommend any improvements to the procedures in this publication, please let us know. The preferred method is to submit your DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) through the Internet, on the TACOM Unique Logistics Support Applications (TULSA) Web site.

The Internet address is https://tulsa.tacom.army.mil. The DA Form 2028 is located under the TULSA Applications on the left-hand navigation bar. Fill out the form and click on SUBMIT.

Using this form on TULSA will enable us to respond quicker to your comments and better manage the DA Form 2028 program. You may also mail, e-mail, or fax your comments or DA Form 2028 directly to the U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command. The postal mail address is U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-IMP / TECH PUBS, MS 727, 6501 E. 11 Mile Rd. Warren, MI 48397-5000. The e-mail address is usarmy.detroit.tacom.mbx.ilsc-tech-pubs@mail.mil. The fax number is DSN 786-1856 or Commercial (586) 282-1856. A reply will be furnished to you.

SUPERSEDURE NOTICE – This manual supersedes TM 43-0139 dated 30 June 2008.

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

Page Number

WP 0001 00 General Information .........................................................................................0001 00-1

WP 0002 00 Safety Summary ..............................................................................................0002 00-1

CHAPTER 2. UNDERCOATS, FINISH MATERIALS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS

WP 0003 00 Fillers ...............................................................................................................0003 00-1

WP 0004 00 Primers ............................................................................................................0004 00-1

WP 0005 00 Cleaners ..........................................................................................................0005 00-1

WP 0006 00Thinners ...........................................................................................................0006 00-1 i Change 1

TB 43-0139

TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)

CHAPTER 3. FINISH SYSTEMS

WP 0007 00 Spot Painting ................................................................................................... 0007 00-1

WP 0008 00 Cleaning and Treatment of Surfaces .............................................................. 0008 00-1

WP 0009 00 Painting ............................................................................................................. 0009 00-1

WP 0010 00 Specific Finish Systems .................................................................................. 0010 00-1

CHAPTER 4. CAMOUFLAGING PROCEDURES

WP 0011 00 Camouflaging Pattern Painting ....................................................................... 0011 00-1

WP 0012 00 Inspection Procedures .................................................................................... 0012 00-1

CHAPTER 5. APPLICATION TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT

WP 0013 00 Spray Guns and Pressure Cans ..................................................................... 0013 00-1

WP 0014 00 Brush or Roller Application ............................................................................. 0014 00-1

WP 0015 00 Paint Failures .................................................................................................. 0015 00-1

CHAPTER 6. MARKING PROCEDURES

WP 0016 00 Lettering and Sign Painting............................................................................. 0016 00-1

WP 0017 00 Stencil and Paint Marking ............................................................................... 0017 00-1

WP 0018 00 Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Vinyl Markers (Decals) ..................................... 0018 00-1

WP 0019 00 Pouncing ......................................................................................................... 0019 00-1

CHAPTER 7. SUPPORT DATA

WP 0020 00 References...................................................................................................... 0020 00-1

WP 0021 00 National Stock Number (NSN) Tables ............................................................ 0021 00-1

GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................... GLOSSARY-1

INDEX ....................................................................................................................................... INDEX-1 ii Change 1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

PAINTING INSTRUCTIONS FOR

TM 43-0139 0001 00

GENERAL INFORMATION

PURPOSE

This Technical Manual (TM) is published to provide information and guidance to personnel charged with painting and marking equipment for which the U.S. Army has responsibility. It contains instructions for treating surfaces to remove corrosion, and procedures for preventing corrosion by applying protective coatings. Although many paint systems are covered, special emphasis is placed on the Chemical Agent Resistant Coatings (CARC), system because they are particularly effective in resisting corrosion and chemical penetration, and are also decontaminated more easily than are other coatings.

SCOPE

This TM discusses materials associated with painting operations, procedures for marking, and camouflaging equipment, and methods of applying paint.

This manual is applicable to equipment under U.S. Army jurisdiction, whether assigned to active service or in wet or dry storage. Additional information for painting watercraft is contained in TB 43-0144, Painting of Watercraft. Additional information for the painting and marking of aircraft can be found in TM-55-1500-345-23, Painting and Marking of Army Aircraft. For additional information for painting Military vehicles, construction equipment and material handling equipment, refer to TB 43-0209, and MIL-HDBK- 1473A, Color and Marking of Army Materiel. For detailed corrosion correction and prevention techniques, refer to TB 43-0213.

POLICY

There are Safety, Health and Environmental requirements associated with all aspects of painting operations. These are outlined in Work Package (WP) 0002 00, Safety Summary of this chapter.

Personnel must keep these requirements in mind before, during and after undertaking any painting activity. Any questions should be directed to local preventive medicine/industrial hygiene personnel.

Equipment with applied coatings providing satisfactory protection will not be altered solely for conformity to requirements herein. Complete repainting should be done only when existing finish has deteriorated to the extent that it no longer protects the underlying surface or when higher authority mandates. Camouflage patterns may be painted on items coated with Green 383 (34094) any time after pattern design development, at the Commanding Officer's discretion.

Chemical Agent Resistant Coatings (CARC) are required on all combat, combat support, and combat service support equipment. Current alkyd and lacquer paints must be removed after chemical agent exposure as paints absorb liquid agents and release agents over time, causing a contact hazard. Since CARC does not absorb chemical agents it does not create long term contact hazards. CARC should not be applied over where enamel and/or lacquer coatings still exist.

Only Field Level Maintenance and Sustainment Level Maintenance personnel with equipment and paint booths meeting Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) standards are authorized complete painting and repainting with any topcoat or primer. If such equipment/booths are not available, only touch-up efforts are authorized.

0001 00-1

GENERAL INFORMATION (continued) 0001 00

POLICY (continued)

The style, size and exact location of markings prescribed in this manual are specified in applicable technical bulletins in the 43 and 746 series and other DA technical publications. Markings may be applied in the form of adhesive backed markers of the prescribed color, or may be painted on when markers are unavailable or application must be made on canvas or other porous surfaces.

Special markings for vehicles in administrative use are included in AR 58-1, Management, Acquisition, and use of Motor Vehicles.

Under tactical conditions, when requirements for concealment outweigh those for recognition, all conspicuous markings may be obscured or removed by the authority and at discretion of major organization commander present. Protective markings may be obscured only at direction of responsible major tactical commander.

Major end items and major components with exposed surfaces painted with Chemical Agent Resistant Coatings (CARC) will have the word "CARC" stenciled on them in close proximity to the data plate. Refer to WP 0011 00, Camouflage Pattern Painting of this Technical Manual (TM).

Markings on exterior of tactical equipment will be applied using CARC in accordance with WP 0017 00, Stencil and Paint Marking, of this TM.

Safety markings, including hazard warning and caution information, for non-tactical equipment, tactical not subject to Army camouflage policy, and equipment at fixed facilities will comply with provision of AR 385-30, Safety Color Code Markings and Signs. Materiel painted in camouflage requiring hazard warning and caution information will have this information applied in accordance with WP 0011 00, Camouflage Pattern Painting of this TM.

Additional marking policy is contained in AR 750-1, Army Materiel Maintenance Policy.

PURPOSE OF PAINTING

The primary function of painting is to protect metals, wood, and other material against corrosion and decay.

Paint should not be applied to unseasoned wood, since paint retards the seasoning process and fails to form a proper coating under such conditions.

Certain paints adhere to a given surface better than others and therefore furnish a better protective coating. The pretreatment should penetrate into minute depressions or pits in material and should adhere well enough to form a good bond for any additional coats.

Success of painting depends on selection of a suitable paint, and also upon care used in preparing the surface, which should be thoroughly cleaned, dry, and smooth. Other factors include method of application, and weather conditions.

Camouflage of Army materiel is a function of paint. WP 0011 00, Camouflage Pattern Painting, of this TM, discusses reasons for camouflaging.

0001 00-2

GENERAL INFORMATION (continued) 0001 00

PURPOSE OF PAINTING (continued)

White and light-tinted paints are frequently used on interior surfaces to increase visibility in spaces with limited access to outside light. In this respect, paint can serve to increase visibility with existing natural or artificial light, or it can serve to reduce amount of natural or artificial light required in a given interior space.

Chemical Agent Resistant Coatings (CARC) are used to protect combat, combat support, and combat service support equipment from chemical agent penetration. These coatings can be decontaminated relatively easily.

Paint can be used to apply identification marks to equipment. Chapter 6, Marking Procedures, contains instructions for marking Army materiel. Markings on camouflaged equipment will be in accordance with WP 0011 00, Camouflage Pattern Painting of this Technical Manual (TM).

END OF WORK PACKAGE

0001 00-3/(4 blank)

TM 43-0139 0002 00

SAFETY SUMMARY

This Work Package (WP) outlines Safety, Health and Environmental requirements applicable to all painting operations. Safety and Health requirements are the same, regardless of paint system used, except where specifically identified. If there is ever uncertainty as to what is required, contact local Preventive Medicine/Industrial Hygiene personnel.

Vapors

Thinners used with paints and primers may have harmful effects. Continued breathing of vapors during and after painting operations should be avoided. Toxic vapors may persist, in some cases, for many days indoors after painting operations. Every effort must be made to ensure proper ventilation of paint area to rid area of toxic vapors as quickly as possible. All personnel must be made aware that toxic vapors may be present. Avoid inhaling toxic vapors.

Contact With Paint Materials

Avoid skin contact with paints, primers, removers and thinners, particularly if there are cuts or open wounds on hands. Unwashed hands may convey toxic material to food. Many paints and primers contain lead, chromium, or other toxic materials which may enter the body when paint-contaminated food is eaten. Many thinners are also toxic, and can enter the human body through skin or by eating contaminated food. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be worn to prevent skin contact.

Fire

The mist that comes from a spray gun is highly flammable. A spark will cause it to flash. Smoking is prohibited in paint shops. Open cans containing paint removers, thinners, paints, and primers are a fire hazard. Empty drums or other containers in which paints, primers and thinners have been shipped are potential hazards since they often contain enough vaporized material of a flammable nature to cause explosions. Accumulated overspray in booths and in cracks and corners of paint shop is particularly dangerous for it easily flares up. Oil or solvent-soaked cloths, if not properly contained and promptly disposed of in accordance with AR-420-1, Army Facilities Management, may cause fire by spontaneous combustion. Fires which occur in spray booths result from six principal causes: broken electric lamps and other electrical defects; cleaning interior of booths, fans, and motors with flammable solvents; accumulations of deposits in booths, tubes, and vent pipes; defective fans and motors used for ventilating booths; poorly designed vent tubes;

or static electricity.

Safe Air

If it is at all practical, painting of material should be accomplished in a properly designed and operated paint booth. Adequate forced draft ventilation for indoor touchup work should be provided to carry off vapors. Respirators should be worn during all spray-painting operations.

0002 00-1

SAFETY SUMMARY (continued) 0002 00

GENERAL (continued)

Safe Practices

Preparations containing benzene should not be used for spraying. Only electrical equipment/wiring conforming to the National Electrical Code NFPA70 will be used where spray-painting is being accomplished. Paints should be stored in a steel cabinet, meeting Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) requirements. Once opened, cans containing paint removers, thinners, paints, and paint materials should be covered tightly before being stored or put away overnight. Do not apply heat or flame to drums, cans, or other containers that have contained flammable materials. Observe safe operating procedures at all times, particularly when handling cleaning materials.

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS)

MSDS are prepared by Manufacturer and should accompany each single shipment or batch of paint, primer or thinner. It is mandatory that personnel working with these substances read this information. Because of variations involved, MSDS must be reviewed for each shipment procured on a single purchase order. MSDS must be filed in a location readily accessible to workers exposed to substances. MSDS also assist management by directing attention to need for specific control engineering, work practices and protective measures to ensure safe handling and use of material. MSDS shall be phased into the system by the following deadline of 1 June 2015 and after 1 June 2016 the MSDS becomes extinct and one must ensure that each hazardous chemical in the workplace has an SDS and only an SDS as specified in the OHSA brief www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3514.html and as specified in Appendix D of 29 CFR 1910.1200 (see:

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=standards&p_id=1010 3). Along with product's ingredients and specific protection information, MSDS contain the following data:

Reactivity Data This informs paint user about stability, hazardous decomposition, or polymerization properties of the coating.

Spill And Disposal Procedures This informs paint user steps to be taken for proper spill or disposal methods.

Fire And Explosion Hazard Data This informs paint user about flash point of product, special fire fighting procedures, and extinguishing media.

Health Hazards

Personnel should be familiar with emergency and first aid procedures as outlined in product's MSDS. This includes medical procedures to be followed if product is inhaled, or if product has come in contact with skin or eyes of an individual.

0002 00-2

CONTROL MEASURES

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used in conjunction with respiratory protection equipment during spray-painting includes cloth coveralls, eye protection, and head coverings. Cloth gloves are suitable unless cello solve acetate (2-ethoxyethyl acetate) is present in paint, solvent, or primer. When this solvent is present, silicon rubber gloves are recommended. Spot painters applying paint by brush or roller must wear work clothing and gloves affording full skin coverage.

Persons who clean mixing and painting accessories should wear full PPE to preclude solvent absorption and defatting of hands caused by thinner.

Personal Protection

If a solvent with a skin notation is being used, then impervious gloves must be used. Barrier creams are useful in preventing paint from adhering to skin and in combating "dryness" associated with defatting action of most solvents; however, their usefulness in preventing absorption of solvent through skin is not documented. Solvents must never be used to remove paint/coating from skin.

Work clothing should be provided. After completing painting or sanding operations, hygienic showers should be taken prior to changing into street clothing.

Respiratory Protection

WARNING

Prior to beginning any painting operation, Preventive Medicine/Industrial Hygiene personnel must be contacted. Painting materials can cause serious health problems if used improperly or without adequate respiratory protection. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

Before beginning painting operations, contact local Preventive Medicine/Industrial Hygiene personnel, who will determine minimum respiratory protection requirements in accordance with TB MED 514, Guidelines For Controlling Health Hazards In Printing Operations depending on method of application and facilities available, some sort of respirator, will probably be required.

Levels of exposure to contaminants will be documented by Preventive Medicine/Industrial Hygiene personnel. Additional monitoring is required whenever there has been any change in operation which could result in new or additional exposures.

0002 00-3

[Type text ] [Type text ] [Type text ]

Ventilation

The use of respiratory protection equipment does NOT waive the requirement for engineering control measures. The ventilation design specifications for spray paint booths are in TB MED 514.

Preferred Coatings

Whenever available, lead-and chromate-free coatings should be used. All CARC primers and topcoats are lead and chromate free

Warning Labels

Warning labels are required on products which contain materials hazardous to your health. Read these warnings.

MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE

Medical surveillance to detect adverse health effects will be determined by the Installation Medical Authority (IMA) based on the specific constituents of the coating. In general, medical surveillance is required for anyone who works more than thirty (30) days per year in either a paint spraying operation or in a brush or roller application when respiratory protection is required. Personnel involved in painting at Field Level Maintenance, and Sustainment Level Maintenance will normally require surveillance. Vehicle/equipment operators usually do not perform enough brush touch-up painting to warrant medical surveillance.

DISPOSAL

General

Unusable paint mixtures, paint components, primers, thinners and other materials may be considered hazardous waste and require disposal in accordance with Federal, State, Department of Defense (DOD), and Department of the Army (DA) hazardous waste regulations. This may apply to dried paint/primer waste as well. Consult local Environmental personnel for proper disposal guidance.

Method of Disposal

The method used to dispose of this waste stream depends on types of paint used. When paints contain no hazardous heavy metals, liquid portion of waste stream may be able to be discharged into sanitary sewers and sludge disposed of in a sanitary landfill. The Environmental Coordinator should be contacted to ensure state and local ordinances are not violated.

If a sanitary sewer serving a paint processing operation discharges to a government-operated Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), notify STP operator of approximate additional loadings of total organic carbon, biochemical oxygen demand, and total processing operation prior to discharge.

0002 00-4

METHOD OF DISPOSAL (continued)

If a sanitary sewer serving a paint processing operation discharges to privately owned treatment works, pretreatment of wastewaters may be required by local regulatory authority. The installation Environmental Coordinator should determine such cases with public environmental regulators having primacy over government installations.

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Additional safety and environmental information is contained in Work Package WP 0020 00, References, of this Technical Manual (TM).

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CHAPTER 2

UNDERCOATS, FINISH MATERIALS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS

TM 43-0139 0003 00

FILLERS

GENERAL

This chapter is intended to serve as a general guide to selection of suitable materials, procedures, and systems for painting and otherwise finishing metal and wood surfaces. If correct finish system is used and properly applied, it will keep maintenance to a minimum. Otherwise, moisture or other substances will penetrate coating and cause metal to corrode or wood to rot. Usually a finish coat alone will not provide sufficient protection. For example, lusterless olive-drab enamel, which is somewhat porous, offers relatively little protection; its main function is camouflage. The required protection is provided mainly by primers that, for metal, contain corrosion inhibiting pigments, and for wood, have high moisture resistant qualities.

FILLERS

Fillers, like primers and sealers, are undercoats used to prepare metal or wood surfaces for subsequent and final coats of paint. They are heavy-bodied pigment materials, and except for graduation fillers, are applied with a putty knife, spatula, or other similar tool. They are always used in conjunction with finish coats.

Adhesives, solvents, and sealing compounds can burn easily, can give off harmful vapors, and are harmful to skin and clothing. Wear goggles and protective clothing. Keep away from open flame and use in well-ventilated area. If adhesive, solvent, or sealing compound get on skin or clothing, wash immediately with soap and water. Failure to comply may result in injury or death to personnel.

SEALING COMPOUND, ADHESIVE: CURING (POLYSULFIDE BASE) (A-A-59293)

Salient Characteristics

This sealing compound is a two-part material consisting of a black (polysulfide) base compound and an accelerator to be mixed according to instructions. This compound and accelerator are contained in a two-compartment container. After curing, compound forms a rubber like material and provides satisfactory adhesion.

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FILLERS (continued) 0003 00

Use

This compound is used for sealing and plugging exposed holes in optical instruments or fire control instruments, such as holes for setscrews, adjusting screws, and slugs that are accessible from outside of instrument.

SEALING COMPOUND, ADHESIVE: CURING (POLYSULFIDE BASE) (A-A-59293) (continued)

The catalyst used in this sealer contains a lead compound. Avoid contact with skin. Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause irritation. Wash hands after use. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

Curing

The compound cures in 72 to 96 hours at approximately 80°F (27°C).

FINISH SYSTEMS

Protective coatings are applied to metal and wood surfaces to protect them from destructive action of moisture and other injurious agents. In addition, colored coatings improve appearance of surfaces to which they are applied and serve to denote the Military organization to which item being painted belongs. Coatings must also resist weathering, cleaning, fumes, oil, the action of fungi, and other causes that impair their protective qualities.

Because no single finish material can fulfill all requirements mentioned above, finishes, as applied to both metal and wood, are usually composed of two or more materials, each of which serve a definite purpose in the combination coating known as a "finish system". Detailed information on finish systems may be found in Chapter 3, Finish Systems, of this Technical Manual (TM), and in MIL-STD-171, Finishing of Metal and Wood Surfaces; and MIL-DTL-53072, Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC) System.

FINISH SYSTEM MATERIALS

Pretreatments

Pretreatments are usually the first step in the application process and ensure a clean surface prior to application.

Fillers

Fillers are heavy-body materials, usually in paste form, that are used to fill depressions and holes and provide a smooth surface after sanding.

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FILLERS (continued) 0003 00

Primers

Primers are used on metals to provide a corrosion-resistant coating to which subsequent finish coat will firmly adhere.

Sealers

Sealers are used to fill or seal pores of wood and prevent contamination of a finish coat by "bleeding" of an underlying stain or colored filling material. Certain sealers also contain fungicides.

Topcoat or Finish Coat

This is the final coat in a finish system. It may be enamel, or CARC paint, depending on service requirements desired.

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TM 43-0139 0004 00

PRIMERS

This Work Package (WP) describes application of various primers used for Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC) and non CARC paint systems. Primers are applied to properly prepared and pretreated metal to provide an initial coating to which a second coating (i.e. a topcoat) will firmly adhere. The pigment composition of primers for ferrous-base metals usually consists of iron oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc, zinc dust, zinc oxide and zinc phosphate, inert extenders (TALC, CLAYS) or a mixture of these. The following primers, MIL-DTL-53022 and MIL-DTL-53030 are just two examples of approved CARC primers. See MIL-DTL-53072 for other approved primers. They cover the requirements for corrosion-inhibiting, epoxy-type primers for pretreated ferrous and nonferrous metals.

When mixing and applying primer paint, protect eyes from splashes with safety spectacles with unperforated sideshields. Avoid inhalation of primer paint fumes. Paint only in areas of adequate ventilation.

Wear a respirator when mixing or applying primer paint if adequate ventilation cannot be obtained. Failure to do so may result in death or injury to personnel.

PRIMER, EPOXY COATING, CORROSION INHIBITING, LEAD AND CHROMATE FREE (MIL-

DTL-0053022)

Characteristics

This is a two part, flash drying corrosion inhibiting, lead and chromate free epoxy primer for use on ferrous and non-ferrous metals which must meet air pollution requirements.

It may be used to replace MIL-PRF-23377 where exposure to lead and chromate pigments is not permitted. It is a primer for use with CARC paints. Type II contains approximately 3.5 pounds per gallon (420 grams per liter) of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) as applied while Type III and IV formulations contain approximately 2.8 pounds per gallon (340 grams per liter) of VOC as applied.

Application

Use of a mechanical mixer is highly recommended. After thoroughly mixing Component A, mix one part Component B into four parts Component A. The admixed coating may require a 30 minute induction time. This epoxy primer has a pot life of up to 4 hours after mixing the components.

0004 00-1

PRIMERS (continued) 0004 00

Drying Time

The sprayed type II primer will be set to touch after 30 minutes and will be dry hard in 4 hours.

Type III will be set to touch after 1 hour and dry hard in 5 hours.

Thinner

Reduce the admixed primer with MIL-T-81772 Type II Epoxy Thinner while using a high-speed stirrer. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations to gain the correct viscosity before application.

PRIMER COATING, EPOXY, WATER REDUCIBLE, LEAD AND CHROMATE FREE (MIL-DTL-

0053030)

Characteristics

This primer is a water reducible, air drying, corrosion inhibiting, and two part epoxy system. It is lead and chromate free.

0004 00-2

PRIMERS (continued) 0004 00

It is intended for use on pretreated ferrous and non-ferrous substrates, and is compatible with polyurethane topcoats. It contains no more than 2.8 pounds per gallon (340 grams per liter) of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) as applied. It is a primer for use with CARC paints.

PRIMER COATING, EPOXY, WATER REDUCIBLE, LEAD AND CHROMATE FREE (MIL-

DTL-0053030) (continued)

Application

Before applying primer, the surface shall be clean and free of oil and dust. Thoroughly stir Component A with a mechanical mixer until completely blended. Mix one part Component B into four parts Component A with a high-speed stirrer. Allow for a 20-30 minute induction time before use. This primer has a pot life of 4 hours.

Drying Time

The sprayed primer will be set to touch within 45 minutes and dry hard within two hours.

Thinner

Deionized water shall be added under vigorous agitation with a high-speed stirrer following the manufacturer’s recommendations to achieve the correct viscosity for application.

PRIMER, EPOXY COATING, AEROSOL, CHROMATE FREE (MIL-PRF-53022 TYPE V)

This easy-to-use primer is an aerosol that provides a high output and larger spray pattern than conventional aerosols. Depress the pin to break the inner seal, invert the can, shake vigorously for 2-3 minutes to mix the primer and catalyst, and allow 30 minutes for induction time. The primer is then ready-to-apply at the point of the repair. Because of the zero atmospheric exposure, this primer has an extended potlife of 48 hours.

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TM 43-0139 0005 00

CLEANERS

This Work Package (WP) describes types of cleaners used for painted or unpainted metal parts.

Solvent cleaning of metal prior to painting prepares the surface for painting.

Cleaning solvent is toxic and flammable. Wear protective goggles and gloves. Use only in a well-ventilated area.

Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothes. Do not breathe vapors.

Do not use near open flame or excessive heat. The flash point is 200°F (93°C). If you become dizzy while using cleaning solvent, get fresh air immediately and seek medical aid. If contact with eyes is made, wash eyes with water and seek medical aid immediately.

Adhesives, solvents, and sealing compounds can produce harmful vapors; harm skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; and ignite easily.

Examples of solvent cleaners are carbon tetrachloride and emulsion-type and petroleum-base cleaners. Comply with the following precautions to avoid serious injury or death to personnel:

Wear eye protection and protective clothing.

Read and carefully follow manufacturer’s instructions.

Use only in well-ventilated area, away from flame or sparks. Keep fire extinguisher nearby.

If adhesives, solvents, or sealing compounds get on skin or clothing, wash immediately with soap and water. Do not use gasoline or solvents that contain gasoline. Gasoline can explode.

Use hot solution tanks or alkaline solutions correctly by carefully following manufacturer’s instructions.

Solvents used with a spray gun must be used in a spray booth with filter. Personnel operating spray gun must wear face shield.

0005 00-1

CLEANERS (continued) 0005 00

MIL-T-81772

Is a thinner for aircraft coating but is also an authorized solvent cleaner for metallic substrates prior to CARC painting. This thinner is a blend of Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK), acetates, toluene and xylene depending on the types (i.e. types I, II, or III).

Degreasing Solvent (MIL-PRF-680)

These solvents are hydrocarbon-based solvents and are used as degreasers and cleaners for painted or unpainted metal parts. However, the compatibility between existing paints and solvents should be verified prior to use. It is recommended that solvents should be used with an appropriate recirculated parts washer. No other commercial specification is available to cover these military applications.

Type I (Stoddard solvent)

Is intended for use where a low odor solvent fast drying characteristics is desired. This solvent is currently defined as a flammable material due to its low flash point. It is recommended that the alternative solvents for Type I are Types II, III and IV. When Type I solvent is used indoors, ventilation should be sufficient to prevent the accumulation of vapors above allowable limits.

Degreasing Solvent (MIL-PRF-680) (continued)

Type II (low odor with high flash point solvent)

Is intended for use where solvent with a higher flash point is desired. It is recommended over Type I for safety and regulatory reasons. Unlike Type I, Type II is shipped as combustible as opposed to flammable and can be disposed of as non-hazardous.

When Type II solvent is used indoors, ventilation should be sufficient to prevent the accumulation of vapors above allowable exposure limits. Failure to comply may result in injury or death to personnel.

Type III (low odor with very high flash point solvent)

Is intended to be where confined atmospheric conditions require a cleaner that conforms to the

Federal Government’s directives for reduced hazardous materials

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CLEANERS (continued) 0005 00

Type III (low odor with very high flash point solvent)

Is intended to be where confined atmospheric conditions require a cleaner that conforms to the Federal Government’s directives for reduced hazardous materials.

When Type IV solvent is used indoors, ventilation should be sufficient to prevent the accumulation of vapors above allowable exposure limits. Failure to comply may result in injury or death to personnel.

Type IV (citrus odor with high flash point)

Is intended for use where a solvent with a high flash point and strong solvency is desired. This solvent is formulated with petroleum based hydrocarbon solvents and d-limonene additive.

Acetone (ASTM D329)

Acetone is a colorless, mobile, flammable liquid. It is the simplest example of the ketones. Acetone is miscible with water, ethanol, ether, etc. and itself serves as an important solvent. The most familiar household use of acetone is as the active ingredient in nail polish remover. Acetone is also used to make plastic, fibers, drugs, and other chemicals. In addition to being manufactured as a chemical, acetone is also found naturally in the environment, including in small amounts in the human body.

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TM 43-0139 0006 00

THINNERS

GENERAL

Thinners make paint workable by adjusting the paint or coating consistency for easy application.

This Work Package (WP) describes types of thinners used.

WARNING

Paint thinners can cause eye irritation. Wear chemical splash proof goggles, and a face shield if needed, when mixing or when using at full strength.