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SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 31 - EARTHWORK

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EARTHWORK

08/08

PART 1 EXECUTION

1.1 GENERAL EXCAVATION

1.1.1 Underground Utilities

1.2 Trench and Drill Pit Backfill

1.2.1 Bedding and Initial Backfill

1.2.1.1 NDDOT Class 5 Aggregate

1.2.2 Final Backfill

1.3 FINISHING

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SECTION 31 00 00

EARTHWORK

08/08

PART 1 EXECUTION

1.1 GENERAL EXCAVATION

Perform excavation of every type of material encountered within the limits of the project to the lines, grades, and elevations indicated and as specified. Perform the grading in accordance with the typical sections shown and the tolerances specified in paragraph FINISHING. Excavate unsatisfactory materials encountered within the limits of the work below grade. Dispose unsatisfactory excavated material in designated waste or spoil areas. During construction, perform excavation and fill in a manner and sequence that will provide proper drainage at all times.

1.1.1 Underground Utilities

The Contractor is responsible for movement of construction machinery and equipment over pipes and utilities during construction. [Perform work adjacent to non-Government utilities as indicated in accordance with procedures outlined by utility company.] [Excavation made with power-driven equipment is not permitted within 2 feet of known Government-owned utility or subsurface construction. For work immediately adjacent to or for excavations exposing a utility or other buried obstruction, excavate by hand. Start hand excavation on each side of the indicated obstruction and continue until the obstruction is uncovered or until clearance for the new grade is assured. Support uncovered lines or other existing work affected by the contract excavation until approval for backfill is granted by the Contracting Officer.] Report damage to utility lines or subsurface construction immediately to the Contracting Officer.

1.2 Trench and Drill Pit Backfill

Backfill trenches and drill pits to the grade shown. Do not backfill the trench and drill pits until all specified tests are performed.

1.2.1 Bedding and Initial Backfill

Place NDDOT Class 5 Aggregate material and compact it with approved tampers to a height of at least one foot above the utility pipe or conduit. Bring up the backfill evenly on both sides of the pipe for the full length of the pipe. Take care to ensure thorough compaction of the fill under the haunches of the pipe. Pipe bedding shall meet the NDDOT Class 5 Aggregate material specifications. Provide materials as follows:

1.2.1.1 NDDOT Class 5 Aggregate

NDDOT Class 5 Aggregate, with gradation and additional requirements as follows:

Sieve Size Percent Passing

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1" 100 3/4" 90 - 100 No. 4 35 - 70 No. 30 16 - 40 No. 200 4 - 10 Salvaged base material is not allowed.

Maximum allowable 12% of shale.

Maximum allowable 50% L.A. Abrasion test (ASTM C131).

Maximum allowable Plasticity Index = 10 - (% Passing No. 40 Sieve/10).

Minimum allowable 10% for the portion of the aggregate retained on No. 4 sieve having at least one (1) fractured face.

For further details, see NDDOT Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, Vol 1 of 2, paragraph 816.03, Table I. Aggregates for Subgrade Repair, Trench Backfill, Bases, and Surfacing.

1.2.2 Final Backfill

Fill the remainder of the trench and drill pits, with suitable onsite material free from rocks 1/2 inches or larger in any dimension, or free from rocks of such size as recommended by the pipe manufacturer, whichever is smaller. Place backfill material and compact in lifts not to exceed 8 inches.

1.3 FINISHING

Finish the surface of excavations, to a smooth and compact surface in accordance with the lines, grades, and elevations shown.

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