SOURCES_SOUGHT_ATTACHMENT_Redacted.pdf

Portland District

Design Documentation Report

Bonneville and John Day Dams Lamprey Passage Structure Development and Improvement

October 2015 90% Draft Report – Phase 1

Bonneville and John Day Dams LPS Development and Improvement DDR

90% Report-Phase 1, October 2015 ES-1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The purpose of this project is to improve upstream migration efficiency for Pacific lamprey through Bonneville and John Day Dams. The scope of this project is to develop the design for new lamprey passage systems, as well as modifications to existing lamprey passage systems.

The new systems include new lamprey passage structures (LPSs) to address known passage problem areas, and to extend existing LPSs.

The proposed new LPS facilities include the following:

Bonneville Dam Washington Shore Fish Ladder: modifications to existing lamprey flume system and new collector ramps upstream of the junction with the UMT channel that connects to the existing LPS.

Bonneville Dam Bradford Island Fish Ladder: a new ramp downstream of the count station picket lead that discharges into the Powerhouse 1 forebay.

John Day North Fish Ladder: a new collector ramp on the south wall of the ladder entrance that connects to the existing LPS, and extending the existing LPS from the collection box to the fish ladder turning pool 180 degree bend.

Modifications to the existing systems include upgrading existing LPSs from research-grade facilities to permanent facilities, adding pump intake screens to meet juvenile salmon fry criteria, improving counting systems, improving overall operation and maintenance (O&M) functionality, and correcting known operational deficiencies within the systems. These modifications will occur at: Bonneville Bradford Island, Washington Shore, and Cascades Island; and John Day North Fish Ladder.

The project has two phases, based on the timing of design and construction. Each phase has multiple tasks. The PDT will prepare two Design Documentation Reports (DDRs) that address all tasks. The first phase, DDR – Phase 1 will include Bonneville (BON) Washington Shore improvements. The DDR Phase-1 will be developed to the 90% level in early FY16. The second phase, DDR – Phase 2 will include improvements to BON Bradford Island, BON Cascades Island and JDA North and will be developed to the 90% level in the second half of FY16. The PDT will complete plans and specifications for Phase 1 tasks in FY16 and Phase 2 tasks in

FY17.

Phase 1 (construction contract to be awarded in FY16):

Improvements to reduce O&M needs at existing LPS at BON Washington Shore.

BON Washington Shore, address entrained air and velocity barrier at lamprey flume system.

BON Washington Shore, new ramps upstream of upstream migrant tunnel junction.

Phase 2 (construction contract to be awarded in FY17):

Improvements to reduce O&M needs at existing LPS at BON Bradford Island, Cascades Island, and JDA North.

90% Report-Phase 1, October 2015 ES-2

BON Bradford Island Ladder, new ramp downstream of count station.

JDA North Ladder, new ramp on south wall of ladder entrance.

JDA North Ladder, extend existing LPS to 180-degree Bend.

90% Report-Phase 1, October 2015 i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

PERTINENT PROJECT DATA – BONNEVILLE DAM

PERTINENT PROJECT DATA – JOHN DAY DAM

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1-1

1.1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE ...................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2. AUTHORIZATION ............................................................................................................ 1-2

1.3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... 1-2

1.3.1. Project Overview ................................................................................................... 1-2

1.3.2. Bonneville Dam Bradford Island Fish Ladder LPS ............................................... 1-4

1.3.3. Bonneville Dam Cascades Island Fish Ladder LPS .............................................. 1-9

1.3.4. Bonneville Dam Washington Shore Fish Ladder LPS ........................................ 1-13

1.3.5. John Day Dam North Fish Ladder LPS ............................................................... 1-17

1.4. AGENCY COORDINATION ............................................................................................. 1-19

1.5. PROJECT SPECIFIC REFERENCES ................................................................................... 1-20

2. BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................. 2-1

3. BIOLOGICAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS AND CRITERIA ..................................... 3-1

3.1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.2. SUMMARY OF RESEARCH TO DATE ................................................................................ 3-1

3.3. CRITERIA ........................................................................................................................ 3-2

3.3.1. Flume Criteria ........................................................................................................ 3-2

3.3.2. Water Quality Criteria............................................................................................ 3-2

3.3.3. Salmonid Passage Criteria ..................................................................................... 3-2

3.4. GENERAL REFERENCES .................................................................................................. 3-2

4. HYDRAULIC DESIGN ....................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1.1. Project Elevations (or Datum) ............................................................................... 4-1

4.2. LPS FLOW RATES AND WATER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS ............................................... 4-1

4.3. LPS HYDRAULIC FEATURES ........................................................................................... 4-2

4.3.1. LPS Entrances ........................................................................................................ 4-2

4.3.2. Traversing Ducts .................................................................................................... 4-2

4.3.3. Climbing Ducts ...................................................................................................... 4-3

4.3.4. ..................................................................................................................................... 4-3

4.3.5. Lamprey Entrances in Washington Shore Channel ............................................... 4-3

4.3.6. Resting Boxes ........................................................................................................ 4-4

4.3.7. LPS Exits ............................................................................................................... 4-4

4.3.8. LPS Drainage ......................................................................................................... 4-5

4.4. BONNEVILLE DAM WASHINGTON SHORE LAMPREY FLUME SYSTEM ............................. 4-5

4.4.1. Aeration Problem ................................................................................................... 4-5

4.4.2. Velocity Barrier Problem ....................................................................................... 4-1

4.5. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 4-3

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5. STRUCTURAL DESIGN .................................................................................................... 5-5

5.1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................... 5-5

5.2. DESIGN CRITERIA ........................................................................................................... 5-5

5.2.1. General ................................................................................................................... 5-5

5.2.2. Materials ................................................................................................................ 5-5

5.3. DESIGN STANDARDS ...................................................................................................... 5-6

5.3.1. General ................................................................................................................... 5-6

5.3.2. Special Construction Considerations ..................................................................... 5-6

5.4. DESIGN LOADS ............................................................................................................... 5-7

5.4.1. Dead Loads ............................................................................................................ 5-7

5.4.2. Live Loads ............................................................................................................. 5-7

5.4.3. Hydrostatic Loads .................................................................................................. 5-7

5.4.4. Wind and Snow Loads ........................................................................................... 5-7

5.4.5. Earthquake Loads................................................................................................... 5-8

5.4.6. Operation, Maintenance, Construction, and Temporary Loads ............................. 5-8

5.4.7. Debris and Trash Loads ......................................................................................... 5-8

5.5. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................................. 5-8

5.5.1. General ................................................................................................................... 5-8

5.6. STRUCTURAL FEATURES ................................................................................................ 5-8

5.6.1. General ................................................................................................................... 5-8

5.6.2. Flume Supports ...................................................................................................... 5-9

5.6.3. Steel Access Platforms and Walkways .................................................................. 5-9

5.6.4. Access Ladders ...................................................................................................... 5-9

5.6.5. Guardrail Systems .................................................................................................. 5-9

5.6.6. Stairways ................................................................................................................ 5-9

5.6.7. Miscellaneous Concrete Supports .......................................................................... 5-9

5.7. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 5-10

6. MECHANICAL DESIGN .................................................................................................... 6-1

6.1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................... 6-1

6.2. MECHANICAL FEATURES ................................................................................................ 6-1

6.2.1. Entrance ................................................................................................................. 6-1

6.2.2. Flumes .................................................................................................................... 6-2

6.2.3. Boxes...................................................................................................................... 6-2

6.2.4. PIT Tag Antennas .................................................................................................. 6-3

6.2.5. Exit Chutes ............................................................................................................. 6-3

6.2.6. Counters ................................................................................................................. 6-3

6.2.7. Water Supply Pumps.............................................................................................. 6-3

6.2.8. Pump Piping ........................................................................................................... 6-4

6.2.9. Bonneville Dam Washington Shore Lamprey Flume System ............................... 6-5

6.3. WASHINGTON SHORE LPS ............................................................................................. 6-5

6.3.1. Entrances ................................................................................................................ 6-6

6.3.2. Modifications to the Existing LPS ......................................................................... 6-7

6.4. CASCADES ISLAND LPS IMPROVEMENTS ........................................................................ 6-8

6.5. JOHN DAY NORTH FISH LADDER LPS ............................................................................ 6-8

6.6. BRADFORD ISLAND LPS ................................................................................................. 6-8

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6.7. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 6-8

7. ELECTRICAL DESIGN ...................................................................................................... 7-1

7.1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................... 7-1

7.2. EXISTING ELECTRICAL FEATURES .................................................................................. 7-1

7.2.1. Bonneville Bradford Island “B” Branch Fish Ladder LPS .................................... 7-1

7.2.2. Bonneville Cascades Island Fish Ladder LPS ....................................................... 7-1

7.2.3. Bonneville Washington Shore Fish Ladder LPS ................................................... 7-1

7.2.4. John Day North Fish Ladder LPS .......................................................................... 7-1

7.3. NEW ELECTRICAL FEATURES ......................................................................................... 7-1

7.3.1. Power Supply Systems ........................................................................................... 7-1

7.3.2. Water Supply Pumps.............................................................................................. 7-1

7.3.3. PIT Tag Transceivers ............................................................................................. 7-2

7.3.4. Counting System .................................................................................................... 7-2

7.4. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 7-2

8. ENVIRONMENTAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES ................................................... 8-1

8.1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................... 8-1

8.2. ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ....................................................................................... 8-1

8.3. CULTURAL RESOURCES .................................................................................................. 8-1

8.4. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 8-1

9. CONSTRUCTION ............................................................................................................... 9-1

9.1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................... 9-1

9.2. SCHEDULE ...................................................................................................................... 9-1

9.3. CONTRACTOR OPERATIONS ............................................................................................ 9-1

9.3.1. Impacts to USACE Operations .............................................................................. 9-1

9.3.2. Contractor Work, Office, Staging, Parking ........................................................... 9-1

9.3.3. Load Restrictions ................................................................................................... 9-2

9.3.4. Environmental Controls ......................................................................................... 9-2

9.4. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTRACTOR QUALITY CONTROL ...................................... 9-2

9.4.1. Quality Assurance .................................................................................................. 9-2

9.4.2. Contractor Quality Control .................................................................................... 9-2

10. OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE ........................................................................ 10-1

10.1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................. 10-1

10.2. FEATURES ................................................................................................................. 10-1

10.2.1. Water Supply Pumps ........................................................................................ 10-1

10.2.2. Flumes .............................................................................................................. 10-1

10.2.3. Resting Boxes ................................................................................................... 10-1

10.2.4. PIT Tag Readers (Transceivers) ....................................................................... 10-1

10.2.5. Counting System .............................................................................................. 10-1

10.3. MAINTENANCE ......................................................................................................... 10-1

10.4. SAFETY ..................................................................................................................... 10-2

10.5. ENVIRONMENTAL ..................................................................................................... 10-2

10.6. DOCUMENTATION ..................................................................................................... 10-2

10.7. TRAINING ................................................................................................................. 10-2

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10.8. COMMISSIONING ...................................................................................................... 10-2

10.9. SPARE PARTS ............................................................................................................ 10-2

10.10. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 10-2

12. CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................. 12-1

13. RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 13-1

14. APPENDICES ................................................................................................................ 14-2

LIST OF TABLES

Table 4-1 Normal Depth Results Pipe ID, Discharge, Slope and Manning’s n........................... 4-3 Table 4-2 Climbing Duct Hydraulic Data, Design n = 0.009 ...................................................... 4-3 Table 4-3 Alternative Operational Combinations with Average Velocities at Lamprey Entrances and Vena Contracta Velocities Under Sluice Gate ............................................................... 4-5 Table 4-4 Bonn LFS Testing Results from Operational Adjustments to Upper Entrance Sluice

Gate and Water Supply Butterfly Valve. .............................................................................. 4-2 Table 5-1 Live Loads ................................................................................................................... 5-7 Table 5-2 Data for Wind and Snow Load .................................................................................... 5-8

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 – Overview of Bonneville Dam ..................................................................................... 1-3 Figure 2 – Overview of John Day Dam ....................................................................................... 1-4 Figure 3 – Bradford Island Fish Ladder ....................................................................................... 1-5 Figure 4 – Bradford Island Fish Ladder Existing LPS Collector Ramps at MUWS Channel ..... 1-6 Figure 5 – Schematic of Proposed LPS at Bradford Island Fish Ladder Count Station .............. 1-7 Figure 6 - Schematic of Proposed LPS at Bradford Island Fish Ladder B Branch Concept #1 .. 1-8 Figure 7 – Schematic of Proposed LPS at Bradford Island Fish Ladder B Branch Concept #2 . 1-9 Figure 8 – Cascades Island Fish Ladder .................................................................................... 1-10 Figure 9 – Schematic of Existing LPS at Cascades Island Fish Ladder .................................... 1-11 Figure 10 – Cascades Island Fish Ladder Existing LPS at Ladder Entrance ............................. 1-11 Figure 11 – Bollard Field at Cascades Island Fish Ladder LPS Entrance ................................. 1-12 Figure 12 – Schematic of Proposed LPS at Cascades Island Fish Ladder................................. 1-13 Figure 13 – WA Shore Fish Ladder ........................................................................................... 1-15 Figure 14 – WA Shore Fish Ladder Existing LPS Collector Ramps in MUWS Channel ......... 1-16

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Figure 15 – Schematic of Proposed LPS at WA Shore Fish Ladder ......................................... 1-17 Figure 16 – North Shore Fish Ladder ........................................................................................ 1-18 Figure 17 – Schematic of Proposed LPS at North Fish Ladder ................................................. 1-19 Figure 18 – Photograph of Lamprey Flume System showing entrained air emanating from joints along the length of the flume. The larger boil in the left side of the image is not associated with the LFS. ........................................................................................................................ 4-6

Figure 19 – Isometric View from As-Built Drawing M-171 of the Bonneville LFS Water Supply .............................................................................................................................................. 4-7

Figure 20 – Schematic on As-Built Drawing M-171 Plan View of the Bonneville LFS Water Supply Pipe with pertinent Components. ............................................................................. 4-8

Figure 21 – Schematic on As-Built Drawing M-270 of Elevation View E-E of the Bonneville LFS Water Supply Pipe. ....................................................................................................... 4-1

Figure 22 – Schematic of Sloping Water Supply Boxes with Proposed Blocked Diffuser Panel (#3)........................................................................................................................................ 4-4

Figure 23 – 2014 Daily Lamprey Passage versus Tailwater Elevation ....................................... 4-2 Figure 24 – Proposed LFS Separator Plate for the Sloping Lamprey Flume Section between EL

12 and 20 feet. ...................................................................................................................... 4-3

APPENDICES

Appendix A List of Revisions Appendix B Technical Review Documentation Appendix C Agency Coordination Appendix D Design Guidelines for Pacific Lamprey Passage Structures Appendix E Hydraulic Design Calculations Appendix F Structural Design Calculations Appendix G Mechanical Design Calculations Appendix H Cost and Construction Schedule Appendix I Constraints Document

PLATES

MW100 Washington Shore Fish Ladder General Lower Ladder MW101 Washington Shore Fish Ladder General Upper Ladder MB101 Bradford Island Fish Ladder Flume Route Plan MJ100 John Day North Fish Ladder Plan View MJ101 John Day North Fish Ladder Elevation View

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PERTINENT PROJECT DATA – BONNEVILLE DAM

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Stream Columbia River (River Mile 146.1) Location Bonneville, Oregon Owner U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Project Authorization Rivers and Harbors Act of 1935 Authorized Purposes Power, Navigation Other Uses Fisheries, Recreation

LAKE/RIVER ELEVATIONS (all project elevations in feet NGVD 29) Maximum Controlled Flood Pool 90.0 Maximum Spillway Design Operating Pool 82.5 Maximum Regulated Pool 77.0 Minimum Pool 70.0 Normal Operating Range 72.5 - 76.5 Maximum 24-Hour Fluctuation at Stevenson Gage 4.0 Maximum Flood Tailwater (spillway design flood) 51.5 Standard Project Flood Tailwater 45.0 Normal High Tailwater 40.0 Normal Low Tailwater 7.0

POWERHOUSES

First Powerhouse (Oregon) Length 1,027 feet Number of Main Units 10 Nameplate Capacity (2 @ 43 MW, 8 @ 54 MW) 518 MW Overload Capacity (2 @ 47 MW, 8 @ 60 MW) 574 MW Station Service Units (1 @ 4 MW) 4 MW Hydraulic Capacity 136,000 ft3/s Second Powerhouse (Washington) Length (including service bay & erection bay) 985.5 feet Number of Main Units 8 Nameplate Capacity (8 @ 66.5 MW) 532 MW Overload Capacity (8 @ 76.5 MW) 612 MW Fish Water Units (2 @ 13.1 MW) 26.2 MW Hydraulic Capacity 152,000 ft3/s

SPILLWAY

Design Discharge Capacity 1,600,000 ft3/s

FISH PASSAGE FACILITIES

Fish Ladders Washington Shore Cascades Island Bradford Island Juvenile Bypass System – First Powerhouse Downstream Migrant System – Second Powerhouse Upstream Migrant System

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PERTINENT PROJECT DATA – JOHN DAY DAM

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Stream Columbia River (River Mile 215.6) Location near Rufus, Oregon Owner U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Project Authorization River and Harbor / Flood Control Acts of 1950 Authorized Purposes Power, Navigation Other Uses Fisheries, Recreation

GENERAL

River Mile 215.6 Drainage Area, square miles 226,000 Length at Crest, feet 5,900 Discharges in cubic feet per second (cfs):

Minimum of record 30,500 Mean annual 194,700 Maximum of record 1,240,000 Adopted standard project flood:

Used for design at dam site 1,060,000 Used for design through lake area 1,050,000 Revised: (1968 derivation) Unregulated 1,516,000 Regulated by existing storage 820,000 Spillway design flood 2,250,000 Probable maximum flood (1968 derivation) 2,050,000 Project in operational status April 1968

LAKE

Elevations, feet (all project elevations in NGVD 29) :

Maximum 276 Normal operating range 257-268 Flood Storage (between backwater profiles for 800,000 cfs), acre-feet 500,000 Length, miles 76.4 Area at elevation 268 (flat), acres 55,000 Length of shoreline, miles 200

SPILLWAY

Overall length, feet 1,252 Crest elevation, feet NGVD 29 210 Control Gates:

Type Tainter Number 20 Size, width by height above crest 50 x 58.5 Deck elevation (NGVD 29) 281 Crane capacity, tons 50 Maximum design capacity, cfs 2,250,000

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PERTINENT PROJECT DATA – JOHN DAY DAM (continued)

POWERHOUSE

Length, overall, feet 1,975 Width, overall, transverse section, feet 243.25 Intake deck elevation 281 Draft tube deck elevation 235

Maximum ht, draft tube invert to intake deck, feet 235 Spacing, main units, feet 90 Turbines:

Type Kaplan 6-blade Runner diameter, inches 312 Revolutions per minute 90 Rating, horsepower 212,400 Generator rating, nameplate, kilowatts 135,000 Units installed complete initially 16 Skeleton units provided initially 4 Total number of units definitely provided for 20 Initial plant capacity, rated, kilowatts 2,160,000 Ultimate plant capacity, rated, kilowatts 2,700,000 Crane capacities, tons:

Intake gantry 525 Bridge, each of 2 375 Draft tube gantry 50 First power on line July 1968 Unit 16 on line 4 Nov 1971

NAVIGATION LOCK

Type Single lift Net clear length, feet 369 Net clear width, feet 86 Minimum water depth over sills, feet 15 Maximum upper water surface elevation in chamber 268 Top of lock walls, elevation 273 Minimum water surface elevation in chamber 155 Upstream sill block elevation 242 Downstream sill block elevation 140 Upstream gate 86’ x 27’ submersible lift Downstream gate 86’ x 113’ lift Maximum lift, feet 113 Average lift, feet 105 Minimum lift, feet 97 Length of guard walls, feet:

Upstream 642 Downstream 700 Opened to navigation April 1968

NAVIGATION DOWNSTREAM CHANNEL

Width, feet 250 Bottom elevation 139

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PERTINENT PROJECT DATA – JOHN DAY DAM (continued)

NORTH SHORE ABUTMENT EMBANKMENT

Crest elevation, feet 286 Crest width, feet 30 Material Rockfill with impervious core Slopes:

Upstream 1 on 2 Downstream 1 on 2

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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AFF Adult Fish Facility AWS auxiliary water supply BiOp Biological Opinion BIT Biological Index Testing BON Bonneville Dam BPA Bonneville Power Administration CRFM Columbia River Fish Mitigation Program CS Carbon Steel (pipe) DDR Design Documentation Report DSM downstream migrant transportation FCRPS Federal Columbia River Power System FDX full-duplex FFDRWG Fish Facility Design Review Work Group FPP Fish Passage Plan ft/s feet (foot) per second ft3/s cubic feet per second HDX half-duplex JDA John Day Dam LCC life cycle costs LFS lamprey flume system LPS lamprey passage structure mm millimeter(s) MOA Memorandum of Agreement MUWS makeup water supply NAVD 88 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 NDE north downstream entrance (WA Shore fish ladder) NGVD 29 National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NUE north upstream entrance (WA Shore fish ladder) O&M operation and maintenance PSMFC Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission PDT Product Development Team PH1 first powerhouse PH2 second powerhouse PIT passive integrated transponder PLC Programmable Logic Controller PTAGIS PIT Tag Information System RFID radio-frequency identification RM river mile(s) RPA reasonable and prudent alternative S&A supervision and administration SDE south downstream entrance (WA Shore fish ladder) SUE south upstream entrance (WA Shore fish ladder)

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TDG total dissolved gas UI University of Idaho USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers UMT upstream migrant transportation

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1-1

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE

The purpose of this project is to improve upstream migration efficiency for Pacific lamprey through Bonneville (BON) and John Day (JDA) Dams. Radio-telemetry studies conducted since the late 1990s have consistently indicated relatively high lamprey passage efficiency at The Dalles Dam relative to Bonneville and John Day dams. Due to funding and resource constraints and resulting prioritization decisions, there are no immediate plans to design and install LPSs at The Dalles Dam.

The scope of this project is to develop the design for new lamprey passage systems, as well as modifications to existing lamprey passage systems. The new systems include new lamprey passage structures (LPSs) to address known passage problem areas, and to extend existing LPSs.

Modifications to the existing systems include upgrading existing LPSs from research-grade facilities to permanent facilities, adding pump intake screens to meet juvenile salmon fry criteria, improving counting systems, improving overall operation and maintenance (O&M) functionality, and correcting known operational deficiencies within the systems.

The project has two phases, based on the timing of design and construction. Each phase has multiple tasks. The PDT will prepare two Design Documentation Reports (DDRs) that address all tasks. The first phase, DDR – Phase 1 will include Bonneville (BON) Washington Shore improvements. The DDR Phase-1 will be developed to the 90% level in early FY16. The second phase, DDR – Phase 2 will include improvements to BON Bradford Island, BON Cascades Island and JDA North and will be developed to the 90% level in the second half of FY16. The PDT will complete plans and specifications for Phase 1 tasks in FY16 and Phase 2 tasks in

FY17.

Phase 1 (construction contract to be awarded in FY16):

Improvements to reduce O&M needs at existing LPS at BON Washington Shore.

BON Washington Shore, address entrained air and velocity barrier at lamprey flume system.

BON Washington Shore, new ramps upstream of upstream migrant tunnel junction.

Phase 2 (construction contract to be awarded in FY17):

Improvements to reduce O&M needs at existing LPS at BON Bradford Island, Cascades Island, and JDA North.

BON Bradford Island Ladder, new ramp downstream of count station.

JDA North Ladder, new ramp on south wall of ladder entrance.

JDA North Ladder, extend existing LPS to 180-degree Bend.

1-2

1.2. AUTHORIZATION

The Bonneville Project began with the National Recovery Act, 30 September 1933, and was formally authorized by Congress in the River and Harbor Act of 30 August 1935. Authority for completion, maintenance, and operations of Bonneville Dam was provided by Public Law 329, 75th Congress, 20 August 1937. This act provided authority for the construction of additional hydroelectric generation facilities (Bonneville PH2) when requested by the Administrator of Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). Letters dated 21 January 1965 and 2 February 1965 from the Administrator developed the need for construction of Bonneville PH2. Construction started in 1974 and was completed in 1982.

Construction of the John Day Dam was originally authorized by the Flood Control Act of 17 May 1950, and generally conforms to plans contained in a review report on the Columbia River and tributaries published in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2nd Session. That document provided for a dam, power plant, navigation lock, fish passage facilities, and a slack water lake extending to McNary Lock and Dam. A subsequent restudy of the flood control storage resulted in a reauthorized project to reduce flood control storage to 500,000 acre-feet. After additional studies, the project was reauthorized by the Public Works Committee of the Senate and House by letters dated 22 April 1957 and 12 December 1957, respectively. Construction began in 1959 and was completed 1968.

Actions to improve Pacific lamprey passage at Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS) dams were identified in the 2008 Columbia Basin Fish Accords Memorandum of Agreement between the Three Treaty Tribes and FCRPS Action Agencies (MOA). The MOA specifically noted that auxiliary Lamprey Passage Structures (LPSs) “to pass adult lamprey past the dams will be evaluated and fully developed. In particular, the prototype systems under development at Bonneville Dam will be refined and tested. If the Bonneville auxiliary system (LPS) has been found to be successful, it will be implemented at other Corps dams as warranted.” Funding for these and other lamprey passage improvements is provided through the Columbia River Fish Mitigation (CRFM) Program.

1.3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1.3.1. Project Overview

Bonneville Lock and Dam is located on the Columbia River, 145 river miles from its mouth and approximately 40 miles east of Portland, Oregon. It is the first dam on the Columbia River upstream of the Pacific Ocean. The project consists of several facilities, including a new navigation lock, the original navigation lock, the original powerhouse (PH1) with ten generating turbines, the spillway, and the second powerhouse (PH2) with eight main generating turbines and two turbines serving the fish ladder AWS, as shown in Figure 1. There are several fish ladders at the project, including the Bradford Island fish ladder, Cascades Island fish ladder, and the Washington shore fish ladder. This Phase 1 report is focused on improvements for lamprey passage at BON Washington Shore, however general descriptions of Bradford and Cascades Island fish facilities are provided in the subsequent portions of this section.

1-3

Figure 1 – Overview of Bonneville Dam Image Source: Google Earth Pro V 7.1.1.188. Imagery Date 7/18/2010. Accessed 9/5/2014.

John Day Lock and Dam is located on the Columbia River, 216 river miles from its mouth and approximately 112 miles east of Portland, Oregon. It is the third dam on the Columbia River upstream of the Pacific Ocean. The dam is a concrete gravity structure with a total length of 5,900 feet. Facilities at the project include a powerhouse with 16 generating turbines and four skeleton bays, a 20-bay spillway, a single lift navigation lock, and a rockfill embankment on the north shore, as shown in Figure 2. There are two fish ladders at the project, one on the north shore and one on the south shore. Although introduced in this Phase 1 report, improvements for lamprey passage at the JDA north ladder will be covered in more detail in the Phase 2 report, however, a more detailed description of that facility is provided in a subsequent portion of this section.

PH1

Spillway

PH2

Bradford Island Fish Ladder

Cascades Island Fish Ladder

WA Shore Fish Ladder

1-4

Figure 2 – Overview of John Day Dam Image Source: Google Earth Pro V 7.1.1.188. Imagery Date 7/9/2013. Accessed 9/5/2014.

1.3.2. Bonneville Dam Bradford Island Fish Ladder LPS

1.3.2.1. Existing Facilities

The Bradford Island fish ladder is composed of two branches that join into a single section that exits into the forebay upstream of the first powerhouse (PH1), as shown in Figure 3. The “A” branch of the ladder connects with a collection channel that traverses the entire length of PH1 (PH1CC). This collection channel is located over the draft tube exits and has 4 entrances (2 north and 2 south), entrance gates 1, 2, 64 and 65 to admit fish. The “B” branch of the ladder provides fish collection at the south side of the spillway. The “A” and “B” branches join at a junction pool where they combine into a main exit section.

The “A” and “B” branches have overflow weirs with a submerged orifice in each side of each weir. The majority of the weirs have vertical extensions in their middle sections to direct flow over the sides of the weirs. Some of the weirs in the lower portions of the branches do not have the extensions and function as full-width overflow weirs.

The “A” branch is supplied with auxiliary water through floor diffusers from a water supply conduit that extends from an intake in the forebay (FV3-7) located adjacent to the ladder exit.

The “B” branch is supplied with auxiliary water through floor diffusers from a water supply

Spillway

Powerhouse

South Fish Ladder

North Fish Ladder

Embankment Dam

1-5 conduit that extends from two intakes in the forebay (FV4-3 and FV4-4) located at an area upstream of the south side of the spillway. Auxiliary water is supplied throughout the length of the powerhouse collection channel through diffuser chambers supplied by a pressurized conduit that extends from an intake in the forebay (FV1-1) located at the south side of PH1.

The main exit section from the junction pool to the exit control section consists of full-width overflow weirs with a submerged orifice in each side of each weir. The exit control section consists of fixed vertical baffles with full height slots, and serves to attenuate forebay fluctuations to keep the ladder functional over a range of forebay elevations. A makeup water supply (MUWS) system supplements the exit control section discharge to maintain proper flow in the downstream fish ladder.

There is an existing aluminum LPS that was constructed in 2004 that extends from the MUWS channel to the forebay. This system has two collector ramps, one on each side of the channel (Figure 4), where lamprey can enter the system. The LPS is supplied with water by two pumps located in an overflow section located between the MUWS channel and the fish ladder. Other components of the LPS include four passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag detection antennas, an internal video camera located near the exit, and a counting system at the LPS exit.

Figure 3 – Bradford Island Fish Ladder

PH1

Spillway

“A” Branch

Junction Pool

Main Exit Section

Makeup Water Supply

Channel

“B” Branch Transition Pool

“B” Branch

Picket Lead

PH1

Collection

Channel Exit Control Section

1-6

Figure 4 – Bradford Island Fish Ladder Existing LPS Collector Ramps at MUWS Channel

1.3.2.2. Proposed Facilities

There is one proposed facility at the Bradford Island fish ladder: a new LPS with two new collector ramps at each wall downstream of the count station picket lead. The intent of this facility is to collect lamprey prior to them entering the exit control section of the ladder, where lamprey passage efficiency is relatively poor (Keefer et al. 2013). This new LPS will either connect to the existing LPS in the MUWS Channel, or will be a parallel system that exits into the forebay. A schematic showing the approximate extent of the proposed LPS downstream of the count station picket lead is shown in Figure 5.

Collector Ramps

MUWS

Channel

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Figure 5 – Schematic of Proposed LPS at Bradford Island Fish Ladder Count Station Image Source: Google Earth Pro V 7.1.1.188. Imagery Date 7/18/2010. Accessed 9/5/2014

Additional improvements to the Bradford Island fish ladder LPS include upgrading the existing mechanical and electrical systems from research-grade facilities to permanent facilities, adding pump intake screens to meet juvenile salmon fry criteria, extending the exit of the existing LPS upstream to minimize fallback into the main fish ladder, improving the counting system, and improving the overall O&M functionality. The project team will utilize a checklist and work with project personnel to identify specific improvements and prepare the DDR-Phase 2.

1.3.2.1. Potential Future Facilities

Potential future facilities at the Bradford Island fish ladder are discussed here for reference, and for future planning purposes, but are not funded and will not be the subject of further design elaboration in this DDR.

A potential future facility at the Bradford Island ladder could include a new LPS from the B Branch transition pool to exit to the forebay. There are two concepts being considered for this facility. One concept is a new LPS that would extend up to the spillway forebay and exit on the north shore of Bradford Island, shown in Figure 6, similar to the existing Cascades Island LPS.

The other concept is a new LPS that would follow the Bradford Island fish ladder and exit at the PH1 forebay, shown in Figure 7. Regardless of the concept chose for the LPS route, the proposed system would have two new collector ramps in the B Branch transition pool or entrance. Water to operate LPS will be supplied at single location at the upstream end of the LPS by new pumps.

Extend to Forebay or Connect to Existing LPS in MUWS Channel

New Collector Ramps

Conceptual Proposed LPS Route

1-8

The LPS concept that would follow the Bradford Island fish ladder and exit at the PH1 forebay may result in the majority of the existing LPS having to be removed, as it is likely undersized to support the volume of lamprey anticipated to be collected by the proposed system. The flumes are also likely undersized to convey the water required to operate all of the proposed collector ramps.

Figure 6 - Schematic of Proposed LPS at Bradford Island Fish Ladder B Branch Concept #1 Image Source: Google Earth Pro V 7.1.2.2041. Imagery Date 7/18/2010. Accessed 6/11/2015

Conceptual

Route

Collector Ramps in Transition Pool

1-9

Figure 7 – Schematic of Proposed LPS at Bradford Island Fish Ladder B Branch Concept #2

1.3.3. Bonneville Dam Cascades Island Fish Ladder LPS

1.3.3.1. Existing Facilities

The Cascades Island fish ladder, (previously known as the Washington Shore fish ladder prior to construction of Powerhouse 2), features a single variable-width weir entrance on the north side of the spillway, an overflow weir section, and picket leads that guide upstream migrants – via the Upstream Migrant Tunnel (UMT) – to the Washington Shore fish ladder. Auxiliary water for the overflow weir section of the ladder is supplied through floor diffusers from a conduit that connects to the spillway forebay. Upstream of the UMT junction picket leads, the Cascades Island ladder features a count station, control section, and fishway exit, but this fishway section infrequently used due to historical salmonid fallback issues at this location. A makeup water supply (MUWS) channel parallels the unused section of the ladder and discharges into the ladder just upstream of the picket lead, similar to the configurations at the other Bonneville ladders. An aerial photo of the ladder is shown in Figure 8.

Collector Ramps in Transition Pool

Collector Ramps in Junction Pool

Connect to Existing Collector Ramps in MUWS Channel

Conceptual

Route

1-10

Figure 8 – Cascades Island Fish Ladder

There is an existing aluminum LPS that was constructed in 2009 and extends from the ladder entrance to the forebay, as shown in Figure 9. This system has one collector ramp along the north wall of the entrance where lamprey can enter the system, as shown in Figure 10. A bollard field was installed on the fish ladder floor from the ladder entrance to the LPS entrance and is shown in Figure 11. The intent of the bollard field was to provide a pathway of low-velocity flow to help guide lamprey from the ladder entrance to the LPS entrance. The section of LPS from the ladder entrance to the forebay is composed of metal rectangular flume, and then transitions to PVC pipe that extends farther upstream to provide some separation from the spillway prior to discharging into the forebay. The LPS is supplied with water by two pumps located in the AWS channel at the forebay. As with other systems, the LPS is equipped with PIT tag detection systems at key locations and has a mechanical counter at the exit chute. Unlike other systems, the experimental counter features a flap at the upstream end of the exit chute.

This facilitates easier access for adjustments and maintenance.

Spillway

Makeup Water Supply Channel

Connection to UMT Channel

Unused Section of Ladder

Ladder Entrance Picket Lead

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Figure 9 – Schematic of Existing LPS at Cascades Island Fish Ladder

Figure 10 – Cascades Island Fish Ladder Existing LPS at Ladder Entrance

Collector Ramp

LPS

Approximate Route of

Existing LPS

Existing Collector Ramp

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Figure 11 – Bollard Field at Cascades Island Fish Ladder LPS Entrance

1.3.3.2. Proposed Facilities

The proposed improvements to the Cascades Island fish ladder LPS include upgrading the existing mechanical and electrical systems from research-grade facilities to permanent facilities, adding pump intake screens to meet juvenile salmon fry criteria, improving the counting system, and improving the overall O&M functionality. The project team will utilize a checklist and work with project personnel to identify specific improvements and prepare the DDR-Phase 2.

1.3.3.3. Potential Future Facilities

Potential future facilities at the Cascades Island fish ladder are discussed here for reference, and for future planning purposes, but are not funded and will not be the subject of further design elaboration in this DDR.

The potential facilities at the Cascades Island fish ladder include a collector ramp on the south wall of the ladder entrance, and an LPS with two collector ramps in the MUWS channel that exits into the spillway forebay. A schematic showing the approximate extent of the proposed LPS is shown in Figure 9. The proposed collector ramp on the south wall of the ladder entrance would connect to the existing LPS. The water to operate this collector ramp would be supplied by the existing pumps that operate the existing LPS and would require additional flow to pass through the LPS. It is expected that the existing LPS has adequate capacity to support the volume of lamprey anticipated to be collected by the existing and proposed collector ramps, and

Ladder Entrance

LPS Entrance

Bollard Field

1-13 that the existing LPS has adequate capacity to convey the water required to operate the proposed facility.

Lamprey often become stranded in the MUWS channel, which has not upstream outlet. To prevent lamprey from being stranded in the MUWS channel, the picket leads for the UMT channel have recently been replaced with picket leads which have ¾” openings. This requires lamprey to take a long detour over to the Washington shore fish ladder to reach to forebay. A new LPS would be added from the top of the MUWS channel directly to the forebay. This would be a new stand-alone facility with a collector ramp on each side of the MUWS channel and an exit into the spillway forebay. Water to operate this facility would be supplied at the upstream end of the LPS by a new pumping system.

Based on discussions regarding cost, priorities, and operations and maintenance concerns, there are no immediate plans to install either the new collector ramp or Cascades Island MUWS LPS.

Figure 12 – Schematic of Proposed LPS at Cascades Island Fish Ladder

1.3.4. Bonneville Dam Washington Shore Fish Ladder LPS

1.3.4.1. Existing Facilities

The Washington shore fish ladder has four main entrances; there are two entrances on the south side of PH2, including the south downstream entrance (SDE) and the south upstream entrance

Approximate Route of

Existing LPS

Proposed Collector Ramp

Existing Collector Ramp

Conceptual Proposed LPS Route

Collector Ramps in MUWS

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(SUE), and there are two entrances on the north side of PH2, including the north downstream entrance (NDE) and the north upstream entrance (NUE).